Dredging and silt-preventing dredging device for water conservancy project

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of river regulation, and provides a desilting and silt-preventing dredging device for a water conservancy project. An advancing driving unit is provided with a silt collecting box and a silt dry-wet separation device; a front shovel blade is arranged at the front end of the bottom wall of a main bucket of the sludge shoveling unit; a plurality of main reamers of the sludge smashing unit are transversely arrayed above the bottom wall of a main bucket, cutter bars are longitudinally arranged, the rear ends of the cutter bars are rotationally connected to the rear wall, the rear ends of the cutter bars are in driving connection with a rotating mechanism, and cutter heads are arranged at the positions, close to front shovel blades, of the front ends of the cutter bars. The suction end of a sludge suction pump of the sludge suction unit is connected with the interior of the n-shaped collecting structure of the main shovel body, and the discharge end of the sludge suction pump is connected with a sludge collecting box through a telescopic pipe body. The desilting control unit controls the sludge shoveling unit to collect underwater sludge, large-size impurities in the underwater sludge are smashed through the sludge smashing unit, and then the sludge is sucked into the sludge dry-wet separation device through the sludge suction unit to be separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of river channel regulation, and in particular provides a silt clearing and dredging device for water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] After a river flows for a long time, a lot of silt will accumulate at the bottom, and weeds, branches, leaves and other debris will fall into it for a long time, which will raise the riverbed. In order to restore the normal function of the river, the silt inside needs to be cleared and dredged.

[0003] Common dredging methods include excavator dredging and suction pump dredging. On the one hand, during the dredging process, the depth of the excavated river channel is relatively shallow. When it is necessary to dredge in a deeper river channel area, a certain ship is required to place the excavator on the ship. The equipment is large in size and has a small depth adaptation range. In addition, the excavation of the river channel by the excavator, the silt is loose in the water, and it leaks during the excavation process. The thinner silt cannot be completely excavated, which is inefficient and has poor cleaning effect. When the river is an artificial river with a sloped embankment, the existing excavator bucket cannot adapt to the sloped embankment. On the other hand, dredging with a suction pump generally requires filling cofferdams to block the river channel in sections, pumping water, and sucking silt with a sewage pump. However, large-volume weeds, branches and leaves mixed in the silt cannot be sucked up with the silt, and entering the silt easily causes blockage of the sewage pump, making the dredging process unable to proceed smoothly.

[0004] Therefore, existing excavator excavation and silt removal and suction pump silt removal are not suitable for the dredging project of silt containing weeds, branches and leaves. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a silt clearing and dredging device for water conservancy projects, which can adapt to river bottoms of different depths and bottom inclination directions, and efficiently remove silt containing weeds, branches, leaves and other debris.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a silt clearing and anti-silt dredging device for water conservancy projects, including a travel drive unit, a silt shoveling unit, a silt crushing unit, a silt suction unit and a silt clearing control unit.

[0007] The traveling driving unit moves on the construction water surface and is provided with a silt collecting box and a silt dry-wet separation device. The traveling driving unit drives the connected silt shoveling unit, silt crushing unit and silt suction unit to move along the construction range and collects the silt shoveled by the silt shoveling unit and sucked up by the silt suction unit.

[0008] The sludge shoveling unit includes a main bucket movably connected to the front end of the traveling drive unit. The bottom wall, rear wall, and top wall of the main bucket enclose a U-shaped collection structure with an opening facing forward. A front cutting edge is provided at the front end of the bottom wall. The main bucket is driven by the traveling drive unit to move forward along the bottom of the water, and the sludge at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure.

[0009] The sludge crushing unit includes a main reamer and a rotating mechanism. There are multiple main reamers arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the main bucket. The shanks of each main reamer are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the main shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and cutting heads are provided near the front ends close to the front cutting edge. Under the action of the sludge suction pump, the sludge shoveled by the main bucket stays at the suction end of the suction pump. At the same time, weeds, branches, leaves, etc. in the mixture also flow towards the suction end of the suction pump. During this process, the rotating mechanism drives the main reamer to rotate to crush weeds, branches, leaves, etc. doped in the sludge, so that the sludge suction pump can suck in the crushed impurities, avoiding the inability to remove the above-mentioned impurities at the bottom of the water and preventing large volumes of weeds, branches, leaves, etc. from blocking the sludge suction pump and causing the problem that the dredging operation cannot be carried out continuously.

[0010] The sludge suction unit includes a sludge suction pump and a telescopic pipe body. The suction end of the sludge suction pump is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure, and the discharge end is connected to the sludge collection tank through the telescopic pipe body. The sludge suction pump can be a centrifugal sewage suction pump or a reciprocating linear pump, etc., and can accommodate the suction of small-volume impurities.

[0011] The dredging control unit is control-connected to the sludge shoveling unit, the sludge crushing unit, and the sludge suction unit. During the process of the traveling drive unit driving the sludge shoveling unit to move forward along the bottom of the water, the dredging control unit controls the sludge shoveling unit to collect the sludge at the bottom of the water, suck it into the sludge drying and separation device through the sludge suction unit for separation treatment, and crush the large-volume impurities in it through the sludge crushing unit during the inflow of the sludge.

[0012] Furthermore, the sludge shoveling unit further includes auxiliary buckets arranged on both lateral sides of the main bucket. The auxiliary bucket includes a rear wall and a bottom wall vertically connected. The rear wall of the auxiliary bucket is flush with the rear wall of the main bucket, and the bottom wall extends forward and is provided with a front cutting edge that extends the same as the front cutting edge of the main bucket.

[0013] Furthermore, the sludge crushing unit further includes auxiliary reamers arranged on the auxiliary buckets. There are multiple auxiliary reamers arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket. The shanks of each auxiliary reamer extend longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and cutting heads are provided near the front ends close to the front cutting edge.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the auxiliary buckets is hinged to the main bucket through an outer hinge arranged longitudinally of the rotating shaft, and an adjusting cylinder is provided between the rear wall of the main bucket and the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket. The cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the main bucket through an upper hinge, and the movable rod of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket through a lower hinge.

[0015] Furthermore, a first side shovel blade is arranged on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main bucket, and a second side shovel blade is arranged on the inner side of the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket. The first side shovel blade and the second side shovel blade are arranged opposite to each other and form a shearing mechanism that cooperates with each other when combined.

[0016] Furthermore, the main bucket is driven and connected to the auxiliary bucket on the left side through the first adjusting cylinder, and is driven and connected to the other auxiliary bucket on the right side through the second adjusting cylinder. The first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder are independently telescopically controlled to independently control the inclination angles of the two auxiliary buckets relative to the main bucket. The dredging control unit is control-connected to the first adjusting cylinder and the second adjusting cylinder to adapt to driving the two auxiliary buckets to tilt and adapt to the different inclination angles of the hard ground at the bottom of the water surface.

[0017] Furthermore, the cutter head includes cutting knives and crushing knives arranged at intervals in front and back, the cutting knives include multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the knife rod at the front end of the knife rod, and each row of cutting knives has multiple rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference, and the crushing knives include multiple rows arranged at intervals in the middle of the knife rod along the length direction of the knife rod, and each row of crushing knives has multiple rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a main motor arranged on the upper part of the rear wall of the main bucket, the main motor is driven and connected to the main reamer in the middle of the main bucket through a first transmission belt, and each adjacent main reamer is respectively connected by a second transmission belt; the main reamer arranged on the outermost side of the main bucket is coaxially arranged with the outer hinge, and the outermost main reamer and the adjacent auxiliary reamers, and the adjacent auxiliary reamers are respectively connected by a third transmission belt.

[0019] Furthermore, a lifting cylinder is arranged between the travel drive unit and the main bucket, the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the travel drive unit and extends downward vertically, the movable rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the main bucket, the telescopic tube body is arranged in parallel with the lifting cylinder and includes a multi-section tube body that is movably plugged in, the sludge suction pump is arranged on the top of the main bucket, the lowermost end of the telescopic tube body is connected to the discharge end of the sludge suction pump, and the uppermost tube section is connected to the sludge dry-wet separation device.

[0020] Further, the sludge dry-wet separation device includes a sludge-water separation mechanism. The input end of the sludge collection tank is connected to the upper end of the telescopic pipe body. The sludge-water separation mechanism includes a filter screen and a centrifugal separator. The output end of the sludge collection tank is connected to the input end of the centrifugal separator through a pipeline. The filter screen is arranged at the output end of the sludge collection tank. The solid output end of the centrifugal separator is connected to the solid collection tank arranged on the traveling drive unit, and the liquid output end is provided with a discharge pipeline.

[0021] Compared with the existing dredging and silt removal methods using excavators and suction pumps, the technical advantages of a dredging, silt prevention, and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided at least lie in: 1. The traveling drive unit drives the main bucket to move forward along the bottom of the water. When the sludge at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure and the sludge shoveled by the main bucket, as well as weeds, branches, and leaves doped in it, flow towards the suction end of the suction pump, the rotating mechanism drives the main reamer and the secondary reamer to rotate at high speed to crush the weeds, branches, and leaves doped in the sludge, so that the sludge suction pump can suck in the crushed impurities, preventing large-volume impurities from blocking the sludge suction pump and enabling continuous dredging operations. 2. The sludge suction pump sucks the sludge containing crushed weeds, branches, and leaves and other impurities into the sludge collection tank. The weeds, branches, and leaves and other impurities are filtered and removed through the filter screen. The sludge without the above impurities enters the centrifugal separator for centrifugal separation. The solidified sludge generated enters the solid collection tank through the solid output end, and the clear liquid generated is directly discharged into the construction river through the discharge pipeline, thereby realizing the efficient treatment of sludge, reducing the amount of sludge transported to the land for separation treatment, and realizing the efficient operation of dredging and treating sludge simultaneously.

[0022] 3. The dredging control unit is connected to the first adjustment cylinder and the second adjustment cylinder for control, realizing independent telescopic control of the first adjustment cylinder and the second adjustment cylinder to independently control the inclination angles of the two secondary buckets relative to the main bucket. And no matter what angles the secondary buckets are adjusted to, the main motor arranged on the main bucket can transmit torque to each main reamer and secondary reamer, capable of adapting to the inclination of the two secondary buckets and adapting to different inclined hard ground at the bottom of the water surface. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The drawings forming a part of the specification depict embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Referring to the drawings, the present disclosure can be more clearly understood according to the following detailed description, where: Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dredging, silt prevention, and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided; Figure 2It is a front view of an embodiment of a silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided; Figure 3 It is a side view of an embodiment of a silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided; Figure 4 It is a working principle block diagram of an embodiment of a silt removal, anti-siltation and dredging device for water conservancy projects provided; Figure 5 is a stereoscopic diagram of a first viewing direction of a provided sludge shoveling unit and a sludge crushing unit; Figure 6 is a stereoscopic diagram of a second viewing direction of the provided sludge shoveling unit and sludge crushing unit; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the disassembled state of the provided sludge shoveling unit and the sludge crushing unit; Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the main bucket provided; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the main blade provided; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram showing a state in which one side of the auxiliary bucket of the provided sludge shoveling unit is turned over and the other side of the auxiliary bucket is flush with the main bucket; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the auxiliary buckets on both sides of the provided sludge shoveling unit are flush with the main bucket.

[0024] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1—travel drive unit, 11—sludge collection box, 12—lifting cylinder, 13—mud and water separation mechanism; 2—sludge shoveling unit, 21—main bucket, 22—auxiliary bucket, 23—first adjustment cylinder, 24—second adjustment cylinder, 25—front shovel blade, 26—first side shovel blade, 27—second side shovel blade; 3—sludge crushing unit, 31—main reamer, 32—auxiliary reamer, 33—cutting knife, 34—crushing knife, 35—main motor, 36—first transmission belt, 37—second transmission belt, 38—third transmission belt; 4—sludge suction unit, 41—sludge suction pump, 42—retractable pipe body; 5—Dredging control unit.

[0025] It should be understood that the size of each part shown in the accompanying drawings is not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and in no way limits the present disclosure or its application or use. The present disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, the compositions of materials, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments should be construed as merely exemplary and not as limitations.

[0027] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 shown, the present invention provides a dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects, including a traveling drive unit 1, a silt shoveling unit 2, a silt crushing unit 3, a silt suction unit 4 and a dredging control unit 5. The traveling drive unit 1 moves on the water surface during dredging construction and is provided with a silt collection box 11 and a silt dry-wet separation device; the silt shoveling unit 2 includes a main bucket 21 movably connected to the front end of the traveling drive unit 1. The bottom wall, rear wall and top wall of the main bucket 21 enclose a U-shaped collection structure with an opening facing forward. A front shovel edge 25 is provided at the front end of the bottom wall. The silt crushing unit 3 includes a main reamer 31 and a rotating mechanism. A plurality of the main reamers 31 are horizontally arrayed above the bottom wall of the main bucket 21. The shanks of the main reamers 31 are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the main shovel body. The rear ends of the shanks are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and the front ends are provided with cutter heads near the front shovel edge 25; the silt suction unit 4 includes a silt suction pump 41 and a telescopic pipe body 42. The suction end of the silt suction pump 41 is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure, and the discharge end is connected to the silt collection box 11 through the telescopic pipe body 42; the dredging control unit 5 is controllably connected to the silt shoveling unit 2, the silt crushing unit 3 and the silt suction unit 4. During the process of the traveling drive unit 1 driving the silt shoveling unit 2 to move forward along the bottom of the water, the dredging control unit 5 controls the silt shoveling unit 2 to collect the silt at the bottom of the water, sucks it into the silt dry-wet separation device through the silt suction unit 4 for separation treatment, and crushes the large-volume impurities therein through the silt crushing unit 3 during the inflow of the silt.

[0028] Working process of a dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects: The traveling drive unit 1 drives the connected silt shoveling unit 2, silt crushing unit 3 and silt suction unit 4 to move along the construction area. The main shovel 21 in the silt shoveling unit 2 advances along the bottom of the water driven by the traveling drive unit 1, and the silt at the bottom of the water enters the C-shaped collection structure to collect the silt shoveled by the silt shoveling unit 2. Under the action of the silt suction pump 41, the silt shoveled by the main shovel 21 flows towards the suction end of the silt suction pump 41. At the same time, weeds, branches, leaves, etc. mixed in also flow towards the suction end of the silt suction pump 41. During this process, the rotating mechanism drives the main reamer 31 to rotate to crush weeds, branches, leaves, etc. mixed in the silt, so that the silt suction pump 41 can suck in the crushed impurities, avoiding the problem that the above-mentioned bottom impurities cannot be removed and preventing the continuous dredging operation from being blocked by large-volume weeds, branches, leaves, etc. clogging the silt suction pump 41. This dredging, silt prevention and dredging device for water conservancy projects can adapt to river floors with different depths and bottom inclination directions, and efficiently remove silt containing sundries such as weeds, branches and leaves. Moreover, by movably connecting the main shovel 21 to the front end of the traveling drive unit 1, it can flexibly adapt to river floors with different depths and bottom inclination directions.

[0029] A lifting cylinder 12 is arranged between the traveling drive unit 1 and the main shovel 21. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the traveling drive unit 1 and extends vertically downward. The movable rod of the lifting cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the main shovel 21. The telescopic pipe body 42 is arranged in parallel with the lifting cylinder 12 and includes multiple pipe bodies that are movably inserted. The silt suction pump 41 is arranged on the top of the main shovel 21. The lowermost pipe body of the telescopic pipe body 42 is connected to the discharge end of the silt suction pump 41, and the uppermost pipe section is connected to the silt dry-wet separation device. By driving the lifting of the main shovel 21 and the auxiliary shovel 22 by the lifting cylinder 12 to adapt to the shoveling of silt with different depths, and arranging the silt suction pump 41 on the main shovel 21, a greater suction force can be generated on the silt in the bottom C-shaped structure, realizing the efficient suction process of the silt.

[0030] The sludge dry-wet separation device includes a mud-water separation mechanism 13, the input end of the sludge collection box 11 is connected to the upper end of the telescopic tube 42, the sludge-water separation mechanism 13 includes a filter screen and a centrifugal separator, the output end of the sludge collection box 11 is connected to the input end of the centrifugal separator through a pipeline, the filter screen is arranged at the output end of the sludge collection box 11, the solid output end of the centrifugal separator is connected to the solid collection box arranged on the travel drive unit 1, and the liquid output end is provided with a discharge pipeline. The sludge containing impurities such as weeds, branches and leaves after being crushed is sucked into the sludge collection box 11 by the sludge suction pump 41, the weeds, branches and leaves therein are filtered and removed by the filter screen, and the sludge without the above impurities enters the centrifugal separator to realize centrifugal separation, the solidified sludge generated enters the solid collection box through the solid output end, and the clear liquid generated is directly discharged into the river under construction through the discharge pipeline, thereby realizing efficient treatment of sludge, reducing the amount of sludge transported to the land for separation treatment, and realizing efficient operation of dredging and treating sludge at the same time.

[0031] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the sludge shoveling unit 2 further includes auxiliary buckets 22 disposed on both lateral sides of the main bucket 21, the auxiliary bucket 22 includes a rear wall and a bottom wall connected vertically, the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket 22 is arranged flush with the rear wall of the main bucket 21, the bottom wall extends forward and is provided with a front blade 25 extending in line with the front blade 25 of the main bucket 21. The sludge crushing unit 3 further includes an auxiliary reamer 32 disposed on the auxiliary bucket 22, the auxiliary reamer 32 includes a plurality of auxiliary reamer 32 disposed above the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket 22 along a lateral array, the tool bar of each auxiliary reamer 32 extends longitudinally and the rear end is rotatably connected to the rear wall of the shovel body, the rear end of each tool bar is drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and a tool head is provided at the front end near the front blade 25.

[0032] Further, during the implementation, each of the auxiliary buckets 22 is hinged to the main bucket 21 through an outer hinge arranged longitudinally along the rotating shaft, and an adjusting cylinder is arranged between the rear wall of the main bucket 21 and the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket 22, and the cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the main bucket 21 through an upper hinge, and the movable rod of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket 22 through a lower hinge. The main bucket 21 is driven and connected to the auxiliary bucket 22 on the left side through a first adjusting cylinder 23, and is driven and connected to the other auxiliary bucket 22 on the right side through a second adjusting cylinder 24, and the first adjusting cylinder 23 and the second adjusting cylinder 24 are independently telescopically controlled to independently control the tilt angles of the two auxiliary buckets 22 relative to the main bucket 21, and the dredging control unit 5 is control-connected to the first adjusting cylinder 23 and the second adjusting cylinder 24 to adapt to driving the two auxiliary buckets 22 to tilt, and to adapt to the different tilt angles of the bottom of the water surface and the hard ground.

[0033] like Fig.10 and Fig.11 For example, in one embodiment, the auxiliary buckets 22 on both sides are flush with the bottom wall of the main bucket 21 by extending the first adjusting cylinder 23 and the second adjusting cylinder 24, so as to adapt to the underwater hard bottom surface with a flush bottom. In another embodiment, the auxiliary bucket 22 on the left side of the main bucket 21 is tilted at a certain angle by adjusting the first adjusting cylinder 23, so as to adapt to the construction river bottom situation where the left underwater hard bottom surface is tilted upward. In another embodiment, the auxiliary buckets 22 on both sides are cut obliquely relative to the bottom wall of the main bucket 21 by contracting the first adjusting cylinder 23 and the second adjusting cylinder 24, so as to adapt to the construction river bottom situation where the underwater hard bottom surface on both sides is tilted.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, the rotating mechanism includes a main motor 35 arranged on the upper part of the rear wall of the main bucket 21, the main motor 35 is connected to the main reamer 31 in the middle of the main bucket 21 by a first transmission belt 36, and each adjacent main reamer 31 is connected by a second transmission belt 37; the main reamer 31 arranged on the outermost side of the main bucket 21 is coaxially arranged with the outer hinge, and the outermost main reamer 31 and the adjacent auxiliary reamer 32, and the adjacent auxiliary reamer 32 are connected by a third transmission belt 38. Through the above structure, no matter what angle the auxiliary bucket 22 is adjusted to, the main motor 35 arranged on the main bucket can transmit the torque to each main reamer 31 and the auxiliary reamer 32, avoiding the problem that the torque of the main motor 35 cannot be transmitted to each auxiliary reamer 32 during the process of adjusting the angle of the auxiliary bucket 22 to adapt to the underwater hard bottom surface.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, further, in some embodiments, a first side shovel blade 26 is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main bucket 21, and a second side shovel blade 27 is provided on the inner side of the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket 22. The first side shovel blade 26 and the second side shovel blade 27 are arranged opposite to each other, and form a shearing mechanism that cooperates with each other when combined. In the process of combining, weeds, leaves, branches, etc. in the sludge on both sides of the main bucket 21 can be cut off to avoid the above impurities hindering the suction of sludge, and also avoid the problem that the above impurities cause the auxiliary bucket 22 to be unable to combine.

[0036] like Figure 5 and 9As shown, during the implementation process, the cutter head includes a cutting blade 33 and a crushing blade 34 arranged at intervals front and back. The cutting blade 33 includes multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tool rod at the front end of the tool rod. Each row of cutting blades 33 is evenly distributed with multiple rows of blades along the circumference. The crushing blade 34 includes multiple rows arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tool rod in the middle of the tool rod. Each row of crushing blades 34 is evenly distributed with multiple rows of blades along the circumference. During the implementation process, the main bucket in the silt shoveling unit advances along the bottom of the water, and the silt at the bottom of the water enters the U-shaped collection structure. Under the action of the silt suction pump 41, the silt shoveled by the main bucket and the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. in the mixture flow towards the suction end of the suction pump. The rotating mechanism drives the tool rod to drive the cutting blade 33 and the crushing blade 34 to rotate at high speed to crush the weeds, branches, leaves, etc. doped in the silt, so that the silt suction pump 41 can suck in the crushed impurities described above, preventing large-volume weeds, branches, leaves, etc. from blocking the silt suction pump 41 and enabling the dredging operation to proceed continuously.

[0037] So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details well known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed here based on the above description. Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A silt removal and dredging device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: Comprising: A traveling drive unit (1) that moves forward on the dredging construction water surface, provided with a silt collection box (11) and a silt dry-wet separation device; A silt shoveling unit (2), including a main bucket (21) movably connected to the front end of the traveling drive unit (1). The bottom wall, rear wall, and top wall of the main bucket (21) enclose a U-shaped collection structure with an opening facing forward. A front shovel edge (25) is provided at the front end of the bottom wall; A silt crushing unit (3), including a main reamer (31) and a rotating mechanism. The main reamer (31) includes a plurality of them arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the main bucket (21). The shanks of each main reamer (31) are arranged longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the main shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and the front ends are provided with cutter heads near the front shovel edge (25); A silt suction unit (4), including a silt suction pump (41) and a telescopic pipe body (42). The suction end of the silt suction pump (41) is connected to the inside of the U-shaped collection structure, and the discharge end is connected to the silt collection box (11) through the telescopic pipe body (42); and a dredging control unit (5), which is controllably connected to the silt shoveling unit (2), the silt crushing unit (3), and the silt suction unit (4).

2. The silt removal and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silt shoveling unit (2) further includes auxiliary buckets (22) arranged on the lateral sides of the main bucket (21). The auxiliary buckets (22) include a rear wall and a bottom wall connected vertically. The rear wall of the auxiliary bucket (22) is flush with the rear wall of the main bucket (21), and the bottom wall extends forward and is provided with a front shovel edge (25) that extends the same as the front shovel edge (25) of the main bucket (21); 3. The silt removal and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The silt crushing unit (3) further includes auxiliary reamers (32) arranged on the auxiliary buckets (22). The auxiliary reamers (32) include a plurality of them arranged horizontally above the bottom wall of the auxiliary buckets (22). The shanks of each auxiliary reamer (32) extend longitudinally and the rear ends are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the shovel body. The rear ends of each shank are drivingly connected to the rotating mechanism, and the front ends are provided with cutter heads near the front shovel edge (25); 4. The silt removal and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Each of the auxiliary buckets (22) is hinged to the main bucket (21) through an outer hinge with a longitudinally arranged rotating shaft. An adjusting cylinder is provided between the rear wall of the main bucket (21) and the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket (22). The cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the main bucket (21) through an upper hinge, and the movable rod of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the rear wall of the auxiliary bucket (22) through a lower hinge; 5. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first side shovel edge (26) is provided on the outer side of the bottom wall of the main bucket (21), and a second side shovel edge (27) is provided on the inner side of the bottom wall of the auxiliary bucket (22). The first side shovel edge (26) and the second side shovel edge (27) are arranged oppositely and form a mutually cooperating shearing mechanism when combined.

6. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main bucket (21) is connected to the auxiliary bucket (22) on the left side by a first adjusting cylinder (23), and is connected to the other auxiliary bucket (22) on the right side by a second adjusting cylinder (24). The first adjusting cylinder (23) and the second adjusting cylinder (24) are independently telescopically controlled to independently control the tilt angles of the two auxiliary buckets (22) relative to the main bucket (21). The dredging control unit (5) is connected to the first adjusting cylinder (23) and the second adjusting cylinder (24) to drive the two auxiliary buckets (22) to tilt and adapt to different tilt angles at the bottom of the water surface and the hard ground.

7. The silt clearing and dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The tool head of the main reamer (31) or the auxiliary reamer (32) comprises cutting knives (33) and crushing knives (34) arranged at intervals in front and back, the cutting knives (33) comprising a plurality of rows arranged at intervals at the front end of the tool rod along the length direction of the tool rod, each row of cutting knives (33) having a plurality of rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference, and the crushing knives (34) comprising a plurality of rows arranged at intervals in the middle part of the tool rod along the length direction of the tool rod, each row of crushing knives (34) having a plurality of rows of blades evenly distributed along the circumference.

8. The silt clearing and dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises a main motor (35) arranged at the upper part of the rear wall of the main bucket (21); the main motor (35) is connected to the main reamer (31) at the middle part of the main bucket (21) through a first transmission belt (36); each adjacent main reamer (31) is connected to each other through a second transmission belt (37); the main reamer (31) arranged at the outermost side of the main bucket (21) is coaxially arranged with the outer hinge; the outermost main reamer (31) and the adjacent auxiliary reamer (32), and the adjacent auxiliary reamer (32) are connected to each other through a third transmission belt (38).

9. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting cylinder (12) is provided between the travel drive unit (1) and the main bucket (21); the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the travel drive unit (1) and extends vertically downward; the movable rod of the lifting cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the main bucket (21); the telescopic tube body (42) is arranged in parallel with the lifting cylinder (12) and comprises a plurality of sections of tube bodies that are movably plugged in; the sludge suction pump (41) is provided on the top of the main bucket (21); the lowermost tube body of the telescopic tube body (42) is connected to the discharge end of the sludge suction pump (41), and the uppermost tube section is connected to the sludge dry-wet separation device.

10. The silt clearing and silt prevention dredging device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The sludge dry-wet separation device comprises a sludge-water separation mechanism (13); the input end of the sludge collection box (11) is connected to the upper end of the telescopic tube (42); the sludge-water separation mechanism (13) comprises a filter screen and a centrifugal separator; the output end of the sludge collection box (11) is connected to the input end of the centrifugal separator via a pipeline; the filter screen is arranged at the output end of the sludge collection box (11); the solid output end of the centrifugal separator is connected to the solid collection box arranged on the travel drive unit (1); and the liquid output end is provided with a discharge pipeline.

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