Hard rock tunnel cantilever type tunneling equipment and rock block cutting method

Abstract

The invention discloses hard rock tunnel cantilever type tunneling equipment and a rock block cutting method, and relates to the technical field of cantilever type tunneling equipment. Comprising a shell, a rotating table is installed on the front portion of the shell, a suspension arm is installed at the top of the rotating table, a connecting arm is installed at the end of the suspension arm, a tunneling head is installed at the end of the connecting arm, a bucket is installed below the front portion of the shell, a rotating paddle is installed on the surface of the top of the bucket, and conveying belts are installed at the bottom end in the shell and the surface of the bucket. The angle deflection compensation assembly is used for adjusting the angle and the position of the heading head when the suspension arm rotates; and the crushed rock anti-scattering mechanism is used for extending the collecting area of the rotating paddle when the suspension arm deflects. Through the angle deflection compensation assembly, the angle and the position of the heading head can be adjusted when the suspension arm rotates, so that the heading head and the hard rock are kept in a vertical state; and through the crushed rock anti-scattering mechanism, the collecting area of the rotating paddle can be extended, and it is ensured that the crushed rock can be pushed to the conveying belt in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cantilever tunneling equipment, in particular to a cantilever tunneling equipment for a hard rock tunnel and a rock block cutting method. Background Art

[0002] The cantilevered tunnel boring equipment for hard rock tunnels is an advanced mechanical equipment specially designed for tunnel construction under hard rock geological conditions. It effectively solves many problems existing in traditional hard rock tunnel construction methods, such as the high risk, low efficiency and environmental damage of the drilling and blasting method, as well as the serious wear and poor adaptability of the cutters of traditional tunnel boring machines in hard rock. The equipment integrates multiple functions such as cutting, loading, transportation and walking, which greatly improves the construction efficiency and safety of hard rock tunnels.

[0003] When the existing cantilever type tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels is used to crush and cut the hard rock in the tunnel, it is usually necessary to first adjust the tunneling head and the hard rock to a vertical state. After the hard rock surface is crushed and cut to form a gap, the hard rock around it is crushed and cut according to the gap to form a tunnel inside the hard rock. However, when the tunneling head moves left and right, it usually rotates left and right with the suspension arm. When the suspension arm drives the tunneling head to move left and right, the angle of the tunneling head will be deflected. The greater the rotation amplitude of the suspension arm, the greater the angle formed between the tunneling head and the hard rock, which will reduce the contact area between the tunneling head and the hard rock and affect the tunneling efficiency. In addition, the increase in the angle between the tunneling head and the hard rock will disperse the cutting force and make the cut cross-section shape inaccurate and uneven, which requires secondary tunneling of the hard rock on the inner wall of the tunnel. When the tunneling head crushes the crushed rock in other areas around the gap, the position where the crushed rock falls will change, which will make it inconvenient for the rotating paddle to push the crushed rock in other areas to the conveyor belt.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to carry out innovative design based on the original one. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a cantilevered tunneling equipment and a rock cutting method for a hard rock tunnel, so as to solve the problem proposed in the above-mentioned background technology that the greater the rotation amplitude of the suspension arm, the greater the angle formed between the tunneling head and the hard rock, thereby reducing the contact area between the tunneling head and the hard rock, and when the tunneling head crushes the crushed rock in other areas around the gap, it will make it inconvenient for the rotating paddle to push the crushed rock in other areas to the conveyor belt.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cantilevered tunneling equipment for a hard rock tunnel, comprising a shell, a rotating table is installed at the front of the shell, a suspension arm is installed at the top of the rotating table, a connecting arm is installed at the end of the suspension arm, a tunneling head is installed at the end of the connecting arm, a bucket is installed at the lower front of the shell, a rotating paddle is installed on the top surface of the bucket, a conveyor belt is installed at the bottom end of the shell and the surface of the bucket, a traveling mechanism is installed at the lower part of the shell, an angle deflection sensor is installed at a position of the shell near the rotating table, a slide groove is provided on one side of the shell near the rotating table, an oil tank A is slidably connected in the slide groove on the side of the shell near the rotating table, a piston rod A is slidably connected inside the oil tank A, and the end of the piston rod A is rotatably connected to the rotating table; An angle deflection compensation component, which is installed between the inside of the connecting arm and the tunneling head, and is used to adjust the angle and position of the tunneling head when the suspension arm rotates; A crushed rock anti-spill mechanism is installed inside the rotating paddle and is used to extend the collection area of ​​the rotating paddle when the suspension arm is deflected.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the rotating paddles is two groups, and the two groups of rotating paddles are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the bucket.

[0008] Preferably, the angle deflection compensation component includes a pair of ear seats fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm and distributed up and down, a pair of ear seats are rotatably connected with a rotating shaft inside, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a rotating table through a convex plate, gears are fixedly sleeved on both the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft, an oil tank B is installed at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm, a piston rod B is slidably connected to the inside of the oil tank B through a spring limit, a hose is connected between the oil tank A and the oil tank B, a driving frame is installed at the end of the piston rod B, an electric push rod A is fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm, the extended end of the electric push rod A is slidably connected to the top of the driving frame, an electromagnet A is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving frame, and the inner cavity end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected A protrusion, an oil tank C is provided on one side of the protrusion, an electromagnet B is fixedly connected to the other side of the protrusion, a piston rod C is slidably connected to the inside of the oil tank C through a spring limit, a slide groove is provided at the bottom of the drive frame, an extrusion plate is vertically slidably connected to the end of the piston rod C, the extrusion plate is slidably connected to the slide groove at the bottom of the drive frame, a groove is provided at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm, and the groove at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm is slidably connected to the limited position block through a first return spring, an oil tank D is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating table close to the tunneling head, a piston rod D is slidably connected to the inside of the oil tank D through a spring limit, a hose is connected between the oil tank C and the oil tank D, and the piston rod D is fixedly connected to the tunneling head.

[0009] Preferably, the driving frame is in a transverse U shape, and is composed of two upper and lower parallel racks and a vertical rod. The upper and lower racks can respectively engage with the two gears at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical rod of the driving frame, and the end of the piston rod B slides vertically in the sliding groove on the vertical rod. A sliding groove is provided on the top of the driving frame, and the protruding end of the electric push rod A slides in the sliding groove at the top of the driving frame.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided at the side end of the extrusion plate, and the end of the piston rod C slides in the sliding groove at the side end of the extrusion plate with limited position, and a groove is provided on one side of the extrusion plate close to the limit block.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the limit block is provided with a chamfer, and the limit block slides within a groove on a side of the extrusion plate close to the limit block.

[0012] Preferably, the rock crushing anti-spill mechanism includes a mounting ring installed inside the rotating paddle, an extension rod is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating paddle transversely, one end of the extension rod close to the center of the rotating paddle is fixedly connected to a resistance rod, and the resistance rod is limitedly slidably connected inside the mounting ring, the top of the rotating paddle is rotatably connected to a connecting platform, the top of the connecting platform is fixedly connected to a long strip, the side end of the long strip is fixed to the side wall surface of the bucket, the top of the connecting platform is fixedly connected to an electric push rod B, the protruding end of the electric push rod B passes through the connecting platform, and the protruding end of the electric push rod B is fixedly connected to an extrusion platform.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the extension rods and the interference rods is five groups, and the five groups of interference rods are evenly distributed in a circular shape inside the mounting ring. The end of the extension rod close to the center of the rotating paddle is fixedly connected to a second return spring, and the end of the second return spring away from the extension rod is fixedly connected to the mounting ring.

[0014] Preferably, one side of the extrusion platform is a half-truncated cone-shaped structure, and the other side of the extrusion platform is an arc-shaped concave structure; an end of the abutment rod away from the extension rod is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped convex head.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rock block cutting method, using the above-mentioned hard rock tunnel cantilever excavation equipment, the method comprising the following steps: S1: First, the tunneling head is in a self-rotating state, and then the tunneling head is controlled to be in a vertical state with the hard rock surface through the suspension arm. The tunneling head is used to break and cut the hard rock surface of the tunnel in coordination with the movement of the shell. After the broken rock falls into the bucket, the rotating paddle rotates to push the broken rock into the conveyor belt, which transports the broken rock to the rear and outputs it; S2: When excavating hard rock, the suspension arm rotates left and right to expand the excavation range so that a tunnel is formed in the excavation area. When the suspension arm rotates left and right, the excavation head adjusts the angle and position of the excavation head through the angle deflection compensation component, so that the excavation head is always in a vertical state with the hard rock when crushing and cutting the hard rock; S3: When the suspension arm rotates, after the angle deflection sensor detects the rotation of the suspension arm, the rock crushing prevention mechanism controls the extension rod in the rotating paddle to extend from the inside of the rotating paddle according to the moving position of the tunneling head, so as to push the rock crushing that falls into the edge of the bucket and the outside to the conveyor belt.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting a rotating table, a suspension arm, a connecting arm, a tunneling head, an oil tank A, a piston rod A and an angle deflection compensation component, when the suspension arm drives the tunneling head to move left or right, the tunneling head can be deflected in the opposite direction, so that the tunneling head can maintain a vertical state with the hard rock, and the position of the tunneling head can be compensated, so that the contact area between the tunneling head and the hard rock is relatively large, the tunneling range of the tunneling head is increased, the local pressure on the tunneling head is reduced, the accuracy and efficiency of the tunneling operation are improved, and the quality of the tunneling operation is ensured.

[0017] 2. By setting up a bucket, a rotating paddle, a conveyor belt, an angle deflection sensor and a rock crushing prevention mechanism, when the suspension arm drives the tunneling head to move to crush hard rocks in other areas, when the angle deflection sensor detects the rotation angle of the suspension arm, the rotating paddle can be extended to different degrees, thereby avoiding the problem that the rotating paddle is inconvenient to push the crushed rocks at the edge and outside of the bucket when the tunneling head is crushing the edge area. No matter which area the tunneling head is crushing hard rocks, especially the area with a large rotation angle of the suspension arm, the rotating paddle can effectively cover the corresponding range, so that the crushed rocks can be pushed to the conveyor belt in time, thereby improving the efficiency of crushed rock collection and preventing the accumulation and scattering of crushed rocks caused by the inconvenience of the rotating paddle in pushing the crushed rocks in the edge area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention at a viewing angle; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the connecting arm and the tunneling head in the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the angle deflection compensation component in the present invention; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the angle deflection compensation component in the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an angle deflection compensation component in the present invention; Figure 8 is another partial structural schematic diagram of the angle deflection compensation component in the present invention; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating paddle in the present invention; Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock crushing prevention mechanism in the present invention; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion platform in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. shell; 2. rotating table; 3. suspension arm; 4. connecting arm; 5. tunneling head; 6. bucket; 7. rotating paddle; 8. conveyor belt; 9. angle deflection sensor; 10. oil tank A; 11. piston rod A; 12. angle deflection compensation component; 121. rotating table; 122. gear; 123. oil tank B; 124. piston rod B; 125. drive frame; 126. electric push rod A; 127. oil tank C; 128. piston rod C; 129. extrusion plate; 1210. electromagnet A; 1211. electromagnet B; 1212. limit block; 1213. oil tank D; 1214. piston rod D; 13. rock crushing anti-spill mechanism; 131. mounting ring; 132. extension rod; 133. resistance rod; 134. connecting table; 135. electric push rod B; 136. extrusion table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2The embodiment of the present invention provides a cantilevered tunneling equipment for a hard rock tunnel, comprising a shell 1, a rotating platform 2 is installed at the front of the shell 1, a suspension arm 3 is installed at the top of the rotating platform 2, a connecting arm 4 is installed at the end of the suspension arm 3, a tunneling head 5 is installed at the end of the connecting arm 4, a bucket 6 is installed at the lower front of the shell 1, a rotating paddle 7 is installed on the top surface of the bucket 6, a conveyor belt 8 is installed at the bottom end of the shell 1 and the surface of the bucket 6, a traveling mechanism is installed at the lower part of the shell 1, an angle deflection sensor 9 is installed at the position of the shell 1 near the rotating platform 2, a slide groove is provided on the side of the shell 1 near the rotating platform 2, an oil tank A10 is slidably connected in the slide groove on the side of the shell 1 near the rotating platform 2, a piston rod A11 is slidably connected inside the oil tank A10, and the end of the piston rod A11 is rotatably connected to the rotating platform 2; An angle deflection compensation component 12, which is installed between the inside of the connecting arm 4 and the tunneling head 5. The angle deflection compensation component 12 is used to adjust the angle and position of the tunneling head 5 when the suspension arm 3 rotates; The crushed rock anti-spill mechanism 13 is installed inside the rotating paddle 7 and is used to extend the collection area of ​​the rotating paddle 7 when the suspension arm 3 is deflected.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, there are two groups of rotating paddles 7, and the two groups of rotating paddles 7 are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the bucket 6. The arrangement of the two groups of rotating paddles 7 can improve the conveying volume and conveying efficiency of crushed rocks.

[0023] Regarding the specific composition structure and working principle of the rotating table 2, the suspension arm 3, the bucket 6, the conveyor belt 8 and the traveling mechanism, reference may be made to the existing cantilever tunneling equipment, which will not be elaborated in detail in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Specifically, the piston rod A11 cooperates with the angle deflection compensation assembly 12 so that when the suspension arm 3 drives the tunneling head 5 to move left or right, the tunneling head 5 can be deflected in the opposite direction, so that the tunneling head 5 and the hard rock are always in a vertical state, and the position of the tunneling head 5 can be compensated.

[0025] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 3-Figure 12The angle deflection compensation component 12 includes a pair of ear seats fixedly connected to the inner end of the connecting arm 4 and distributed up and down, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the pair of ear seats, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a rotating table 121 through a convex plate (the rotating shaft, the convex plate and the rotating table 121 are fixedly connected), and gears 122 are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the rotating shaft, an oil tank B123 is installed at the inner end of the connecting arm 4, a piston rod B124 is slidably connected inside the oil tank B123 through a spring limit, a hose is connected between the oil tank A10 and the oil tank B123, a driving frame 125 is installed at the end of the piston rod B124, an electric push rod A126 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the connecting arm 4, the extended end of the electric push rod A126 is slidably connected to the top of the driving frame 125, an electromagnet A1210 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving frame 125, and the inner end of the connecting arm 4 is fixedly connected There is a protrusion, an oil tank C127 is provided on one side of the protrusion, and an electromagnet B1211 is fixedly connected to the other side of the protrusion. The inside of the oil tank C127 is slidably connected with a piston rod C128 through a spring limit. A slide groove is provided at the bottom of the driving frame 125, and the end of the piston rod C128 is vertically slidably connected with an extrusion plate 129. The extrusion plate 129 is slidably connected with the slide groove at the bottom of the driving frame 125. A groove is provided at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm 4, and the inside of the groove at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm 4 is slidably connected with a limiting block 1212 through a first return spring. An oil tank D1213 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating table 121 close to the tunneling head 5, and a piston rod D1214 is slidably connected with the inside of the oil tank D1213 through a spring limit. A hose is connected between the oil tank C127 and the oil tank D1213, and the piston rod D1214 is fixedly connected to the tunneling head 5.

[0026] As an embodiment of the present invention, the driving frame 125 is in a transverse U shape. The driving frame 125 is composed of two upper and lower parallel racks and a vertical rod. The upper and lower racks can respectively mesh with the two gears 122 at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical rod of the driving frame 125. The end of the piston rod B124 slides vertically in the sliding groove on the vertical rod. A sliding groove is provided on the top of the driving frame 125. The extended end of the electric push rod A126 slides in the sliding groove at the top of the driving frame 125. The provision of the sliding groove on the inner wall of the vertical rod enables the piston rod B124 to still drive the driving frame 125 to move horizontally when the electric push rod A126 pushes the driving frame 125 to move vertically. When the driving frame 125 moves downward, the rack above it will disengage from the gear 122 at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the rack below the driving frame 125 will mesh with the gear 122 at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

[0027] As an embodiment of the present invention, a sliding groove is provided on the side end of the extrusion plate 129, and the end of the piston rod C128 slides in a limited position in the sliding groove on the side end of the extrusion plate 129. A groove is provided on the side of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limit block 1212. The size of the groove on the end of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limit block 1212 is slightly larger than the size of the limit block 1212. After the limit block 1212 is inserted into the groove on the end of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limit block 1212, the lateral position of the extrusion plate 129 can be limited by the limit block 1212. The opening of the sliding groove on the side end of the extrusion plate 129 enables the extrusion plate 129 to slide on the end of the piston rod C128 through the sliding groove on its side end when the drive frame 125 moves downward, so that the piston rod C128 can maintain its original position.

[0028] As an embodiment of the present invention, a chamfer is provided on the surface of the limit block 1212, and the limit block 1212 slides in a limited position in a groove on the side of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limit block 1212. The chamfer design on the surface of the limit block 1212 makes it easier to insert into the groove on the side of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limit block 1212, and the establishment of the first return spring enables the limit block 1212 to have a return function.

[0029] The greater the rotation amplitude of the suspension arm 3, the greater the angle formed between the tunneling head 5 and the hard rock, which will reduce the contact area between the tunneling head 5 and the hard rock. The embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problem. The specific principle is as follows: When crushing and cutting hard rock, firstly, the device is moved to a suitable position through the traveling mechanism, and then the boring head 5 is driven to rotate by the built-in motor. Then, the boring head 5 is placed in a vertical state with the hard rock surface through the suspension arm 3, and the boring head 5 is driven to move forward to crush and cut the central area of ​​the hard rock. At this time, the gear 122 at the upper end of the rotating shaft is meshed with the rack above the driving frame 125, the extrusion plate 129 is located at the leftmost end of the slide groove at the bottom end of the driving frame 125, the oil tank C127 is fixed by the electromagnet B1211, and the limit block 1212 and the extrusion plate 129 are in Fig. 9 The oil in the oil tank A10 is located in the area close to the piston rod A11, so that the oil in the area can be squeezed out when the piston rod A11 moves outward in the oil tank A10. Figure 2As the reference position, when the suspension arm 3 is rotated, the suspension arm 3 will pull the piston rod A11 when it moves to the right. At this time, the oil in the oil tank A10 will be injected into the oil tank B123. The change of the oil in the oil tank B123 will push the piston rod B124 to extend. The extension of the piston rod B124 will drive the driving frame 125 to move to the right. The rack on the driving frame 125 will drive the gear 122 meshing with it to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the gear 122 drives the rotating table 121 to rotate through the rotating shaft and the convex plate, and then drives the tunneling head 5 to deflect to the left through the oil tank D1213 and the piston rod D1214. At the same time, the extrusion plate 129 will squeeze the piston rod C128, and the oil in the oil tank C127 will be injected into the oil tank D1213, so that the piston rod D1214 drives the tunneling head 5 to extend outward. When the suspension arm 3 rotates to reset, the piston rod A11 resets in the oil tank A10, so that the piston rod B124 and the piston rod C128 reset under the action of their respective springs. The piston rod C128 drives the extrusion plate 129 to reset. At this time, the drive frame 125 moves to the left to reset, and the rack above the drive frame 125 and the gear at the upper end of the rotating shaft rotate counterclockwise to reset. When the suspension arm 3 drives the tunneling head 5 to rotate to the left, the suspension arm 3 will squeeze the piston rod A11. At this time, the oil in the oil tank B123 is injected into the oil tank A10. The change of the oil in the oil tank B123 and the built-in spring will retract the piston rod B124. At the same time, when the angle deflection sensor 9 detects that the suspension arm 3 moves to the left, the controller built into the shell 1 controls the electric push rod A126 to push the drive frame 125 downward, so that the rack above the drive frame 125 is disengaged from the gear 122 at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the rack below the drive frame 125 is meshed with the gear 122 at the lower end of the rotating shaft. At the same time, the end protrusion of the limit block 1212 is inserted into the groove of the extrusion plate 129 through the inclined surface and the first reset spring. While the extrusion plate 129 is limited in lateral movement, the limit block The upper and lower inclined surfaces of 1212 will not block the vertical movement of the extrusion plate 129. At this time, the piston rod B124 is retracted and moves to the left, so that the drive frame 125 drives the gear 122 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the gear 122 causes the tunneling head 5 to deflect to the right. At the same time, the built-in controller controls the electromagnet A1210 to adsorb the oil tank C127, and controls the electromagnet B1211 to release the oil tank C127. The drive frame 125 moves to the left and drives the oil tank C127 to move to the left along with the drive frame 125 through the electromagnet A1210. At this time, the extrusion plate 129 with limited lateral position causes the piston rod C128 to penetrate into the oil tank C127. The oil inside the oil tank C127 is injected into the oil tank D1213, and the tunneling head 5 is driven to extend outward through the piston rod D1214.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present invention, the rock crushing anti-spill mechanism 13 includes a mounting ring 131 installed inside the rotating paddle 7, an extension rod 132 is slidably connected to the rotating paddle 7 transversely, and the end of the extension rod 132 close to the center of the rotating paddle 7 is fixedly connected to a resistance rod 133, and the resistance rod 133 is limitedly slidably connected inside the mounting ring 131, and a connecting platform 134 is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating paddle 7, and a long strip is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform 134, and the side end of the long strip is fixed to the side wall surface of the bucket 6, and an electric push rod B135 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform 134, and the protruding end of the electric push rod B135 passes through the connecting platform 134, and the protruding end of the electric push rod B135 is fixedly connected to the extrusion platform 136.

[0031] When the suspension arm 3 drives the tunneling head 5 to move and crush hard rocks in other areas, the angle deflection sensor 9 can extend the rotating paddle 7 to different degrees according to the rotation angle of the suspension arm 3 through the rock crushing anti-spill mechanism 13, so that the crushed rock in the crushing and cutting area of ​​the tunneling head 5 can be collected by the rotating paddle 7.

[0032] As an embodiment of the present invention, the number of extension rods 132 and the interference rods 133 is five groups, and the five groups of interference rods 133 are evenly distributed in a circular shape inside the mounting ring 131. The end of the extension rod 132 close to the center of the rotating paddle 7 is fixedly connected to a second return spring, and the end of the second return spring away from the extension rod 132 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 131; the design of five groups of extension rods 132 and interference rods 133 enables each blade of the rotating paddle 7 to be extended.

[0033] As an embodiment of the present invention, one side of the extrusion platform 136 is a semi-conical structure, and the other side of the extrusion platform 136 is an arc-shaped recessed structure; the end of the resistance rod 133 away from the extension rod 132 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped protrusion; the design of the arc-shaped protrusion can reduce the resistance at the end of the resistance rod 133, the design of the semi-conical structure on one side of the extrusion platform 136 can change the extension length of the extension rod 132, and the design of the arc-shaped recessed structure on the other side of the extrusion platform 136 can reset the extension rod 132.

[0034] Specifically, when the tunneling head 5 crushes the hard rock in other areas outside the central area, the angle deflection sensor 9 detects the rotation angle of the suspension arm 3, and will extend the extrusion platform 136 downward to a suitable height through the electric push rod B135. When the rotating paddle 7 rotates to push the crushed rock, the arc-shaped convex head contacts the inclined surface of the extrusion platform 136, so that the extension rod 132 extends from the inside of the rotating paddle 7. In the area where the rotation angle of the suspension arm 3 is larger, the extension rod 132 can effectively cover the corresponding range. The rotating paddle 7 is driven by the built-in motor to rotate, so that the crushed rock in its area can be pushed into the conveyor belt 8. When the arc-shaped convex head contacts the concave surface of the extrusion platform 136, the extension rod 132 is automatically retracted due to the elastic force of the second return spring.

[0035] Example 3: Based on Example 1 or Example 2, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 12 , the method comprises the following steps: S1: First, the tunneling head 5 is in a self-rotating state, and then the tunneling head 5 is controlled to be in a vertical state with the hard rock surface through the suspension arm 3, and the tunneling head 5 is made to break and cut the hard rock surface of the tunnel in coordination with the movement of the shell 1. After the broken rock falls into the bucket 6, the rotating paddle 7 rotates to push the broken rock into the conveyor belt 8, and the conveyor belt 8 transports the broken rock to the rear thereof and outputs it; S2: When excavating hard rock, the suspension arm 3 rotates left and right to expand the excavation range so that a tunnel is formed in the excavation area. When the suspension arm 3 rotates left and right, the excavation head 5 adjusts the angle and position of the excavation head 5 through the angle deflection compensation component 12, so that the excavation head 5 is always in a vertical state with the hard rock when crushing and cutting the hard rock; S3: When the suspension arm 3 rotates, after the angle deflection sensor 9 detects the rotation of the suspension arm 3, the rock crushing prevention mechanism 13 controls the extension rod 132 in the rotating paddle 7 to extend from the inside of the rotating paddle 7 according to the moving position of the tunneling head 5, so as to push the rock crushing that falls into the edge and outside of the bucket 6 to the conveyor belt 8.

[0036] The structure and working principle of each component of the rock cutting method have been described in detail in the above embodiments. Please refer to the contents in the above embodiments for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0037] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilevered tunnel boring equipment for hard rock tunnels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), wherein a rotating platform (2) is installed at the front of the housing (1), a suspension arm (3) is installed at the top of the rotating platform (2), a connecting arm (4) is installed at the end of the suspension arm (3), a tunneling head (5) is installed at the end of the connecting arm (4), a bucket (6) is installed at the bottom of the front of the housing (1), a rotating paddle (7) is installed on the top surface of the bucket (6), a conveyor belt (8) is installed at the bottom of the housing (1) and on the surface of the bucket (6), a travel mechanism is installed at the bottom of the housing (1), an angle deflection sensor (9) is installed at a position of the housing (1) close to the rotating platform (2), a slide groove is provided on one side of the housing (1) close to the rotating platform (2), an oil tank A (10) is slidably connected in the slide groove on the side of the housing (1) close to the rotating platform (2), a piston rod A (11) is slidably connected inside the oil tank A (10), and the end of the piston rod A (11) is rotatably connected to the rotating platform (2); An angle deflection compensation component (12), the angle deflection compensation component (12) being installed between the interior of the connecting arm (4) and the tunneling head (5), the angle deflection compensation component (12) being used to adjust the angle and position of the tunneling head (5) when the suspension arm (3) rotates; A crushed rock anti-spill mechanism (13) is installed inside the rotating paddle (7), and the crushed rock anti-spill mechanism (13) is used to extend the collection area of ​​the rotating paddle (7) when the suspension arm (3) is deflected.

2. A cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the rotating paddles (7) is two groups, and the two groups of the rotating paddles (7) are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the bucket (6).

3. The cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle deflection compensation assembly (12) comprises a pair of ear seats fixedly connected to the inner end of the connecting arm (4) and distributed in an upper and lower manner, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the pair of ear seats, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a rotating table (121) via a convex plate, gears (122) are fixedly sleeved at both upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft, an oil tank B (123) is installed at the inner end of the connecting arm (4), a piston rod B (124) is slidably connected inside the oil tank B (123) via a spring limiter, and the oil tank A hose is connected between A (10) and the oil tank B (123); a drive frame (125) is installed at the end of the piston rod B (124); an electric push rod A (126) is fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm (4); the extended end of the electric push rod A (126) is limitedly slidably connected to the top of the drive frame (125); an electromagnet A (1210) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive frame (125); a protrusion is fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm (4); and one side of the protrusion is provided with An oil tank C (127) is provided, an electromagnet B (1211) is fixedly connected to the other side of the protrusion, a piston rod C (128) is slidably connected to the inside of the oil tank C (127) through a spring limit, a slide groove is provided at the bottom of the drive frame (125), an extrusion plate (129) is vertically slidably connected to the end of the piston rod C (128), the extrusion plate (129) is slidably connected to the slide groove at the bottom of the drive frame (125), and a groove is provided at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm (4). The interior of the groove at the inner end of the connecting arm (4) is slidably connected to a limit block (1212) via a first return spring; an oil tank D (1213) is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating platform (121) close to the tunneling head (5); a piston rod D (1214) is slidably connected to the interior of the oil tank D (1213) via a spring limiter; a hose is connected between the oil tank C (127) and the oil tank D (1213); and the piston rod D (1214) is fixedly connected to the tunneling head (5).

4. The cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive frame (125) is in a transverse U-shape. The drive frame (125) is composed of two upper and lower parallel racks and a vertical rod. The upper and lower racks can respectively mesh with two gears (122) at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the vertical rod of the drive frame (125) is provided with a slide groove. The end of the piston rod B (124) slides vertically in the slide groove on the vertical rod. The top of the drive frame (125) is provided with a slide groove. The extended end of the electric push rod A (126) slides in the slide groove at the top of the drive frame (125).

5. The cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided at the side end of the extrusion plate (129), and the end of the piston rod C (128) slides in a limited position in the sliding groove at the side end of the extrusion plate (129). A groove is provided at a side of the extrusion plate (129) close to the limiting block (1212).

6. The cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the limit block (1212) is provided with a chamfer, and the limit block (1212) slides in a limited manner in a groove on a side of the extrusion plate (129) close to the limit block (1212).

7. The cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock crushing prevention mechanism (13) comprises a mounting ring (131) mounted inside the rotating paddle (7); an extension rod (132) is slidably connected to the rotating paddle (7) in a transverse direction; an end of the extension rod (132) close to the center of the rotating paddle (7) is fixedly connected to a resistance rod (133); the resistance rod (133) is slidably connected inside the mounting ring (131); a connecting platform (134) is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating paddle (7); a long strip is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform (134); a side end of the long strip is fixedly fixed to the side wall surface of the bucket (6); an electric push rod B (135) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform (134); an extended end of the electric push rod B (135) passes through the connecting platform (134); and an extended end of the electric push rod B (135) is fixedly connected to an extrusion platform (136).

8. The cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the extension rods (132) and the abutment rods (133) is five groups, and the five groups of abutment rods (133) are evenly distributed in a circular shape inside the mounting ring (131); one end of the extension rod (132) close to the center of the rotating paddle (7) is fixedly connected to a second return spring, and one end of the second return spring away from the extension rod (132) is fixedly connected to the mounting ring (131).

9. A cantilevered hard rock tunnel boring equipment according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: One side of the extrusion platform (136) is a half-truncated cone-shaped structure, and the other side of the extrusion platform (136) is an arc-shaped recessed structure; one end of the abutment rod (133) away from the extension rod (132) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped convex head.

10. A rock cutting method, using a hard rock tunnel cantilever excavation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: First, the tunneling head (5) is placed in a self-rotating state, and then the tunneling head (5) is controlled to be in a vertical state with respect to the hard rock surface by means of the suspension arm (3), and the tunneling head (5) is made to crush and cut the hard rock surface of the tunnel in coordination with the movement of the housing (1). After the crushed rock falls into the bucket (6), the rotating paddle (7) is rotated to push the crushed rock into the conveyor belt (8), and the conveyor belt (8) transports the crushed rock to the rear thereof and outputs the crushed rock; S2: When excavating hard rock, the suspension arm (3) rotates left and right to expand the excavation range so that a tunnel is formed in the excavation area. When the suspension arm (3) rotates left and right, the excavation head (5) adjusts the angle and position of the excavation head (5) through the angle deflection compensation component (12), so that the excavation head (5) is always in a vertical state with the hard rock when crushing and cutting the hard rock; S3: When the suspension arm (3) rotates, the angle deflection sensor (9) detects that the suspension arm (3) has rotated, and then the rock crushing prevention mechanism (13) controls the extension rod (132) in the rotating paddle (7) to extend from the inside of the rotating paddle (7) according to the position of the tunneling head (5) so as to push the rock crushing that has fallen into the edge and outside of the bucket (6) to the conveyor belt (8).

Images