Self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment in front of water turbine

Abstract

The self-centrifugation sediment separation equipment in front of the water turbine is communicated with the water turbine through a water supply pipe and comprises a separation part with the upper end communicated with the water supply pipe, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders arranged on the separation part, a sediment discharge tunnel with the middle section communicated with the separation part and an electric control valve arranged at an inlet of the sediment discharge tunnel. The hydraulic cylinder and the electric control valve are electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is further connected with a sand content detector. According to the self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment in front of the water turbine, the sediment content in a water body can be effectively reduced, the structure of the self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment can be automatically adjusted according to the sediment content of the water body, and therefore the self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment can be better suitable for the water bodies in different periods, the water turbine is better protected, the conversion efficiency of the water turbine is guaranteed, and the service life of the water turbine is prolonged. And the maintenance frequency of the water turbine is effectively reduced, and the development and progress of the industry are better promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power generation equipment, and more specifically to a self-centrifugal sediment separation device in front of a water turbine. Background Art

[0002] Water turbines are commonly used energy conversion equipment in power plants. They can effectively convert water power into mechanical energy and are the basic equipment for hydroelectric power generation. However, in actual use and maintenance, although corresponding sediment deposition structures are set up, the sediment carried in the river will inevitably cause damage to the water turbine, which will reduce the conversion efficiency of the water turbine and greatly increase the maintenance frequency of the water turbine.

[0003] In order to overcome the above problems, it is necessary to design a device that can more effectively reduce the sand content in the water. In addition, the sand content of the water body is different at different times, so the requirements for the device are also different at different times. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a self-centrifugal sediment separation device in front of a turbine, which can not only effectively reduce the sediment content in the water body, but also automatically adjust its structure according to the sediment content of the water body, so that it can be better adapted to water bodies in different periods and better protect the turbine. It not only ensures the conversion efficiency of the turbine, but also effectively reduces the maintenance frequency of the turbine, thereby better promoting the development and progress of the industry.

[0005] It can effectively overcome the defect of inaccurate counting of the number of material tubes in the box, greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of material tube counting, and at the same time can effectively match material tubes of different sizes, further improving the scope of application of the equipment and better meeting market demand.

[0006] A self-centrifugal sediment separation device in front of a water turbine is connected to the water turbine through a water supply pipe, and comprises a separation part whose upper end is connected to the water supply pipe, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders arranged on the separation part, a sand discharge tunnel whose middle section is connected to the separation part, and an electric control valve arranged at the entrance of the sand discharge tunnel; The hydraulic cylinder and the electric control valve are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to a sand content detector; The separation part is composed of a vertically arranged straight cylinder part and a conical cylinder part arranged below the straight cylinder part and capable of changing the cone angle by telescoping.

[0007] Furthermore, the straight cylinder portion is composed of a straight cylinder body that is hollow and open on the lower side, a water inlet that passes through the side wall of the straight cylinder body, a water diversion horn arranged on the outer wall of the straight cylinder body and cooperating with the water inlet, a water outlet pipe that passes through the upper side wall of the straight cylinder body with a central axis, and a guide plate that is arranged inside the straight cylinder body at a position adjacent to the water inlet and forms an angle of 30° with the water inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the water inlet is rectangular, the number of the water inlets is at least two, and the water inlets are evenly arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder along the circumference of the straight cylinder; the water outlet pipe is fixed to the water supply pipe through a flange.

[0009] Preferably, the detection position of the sand content detector is 20-35 meters away from the water diversion horn inlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the conical cylinder portion is composed of a first conical cylinder, a first conical bellows, a second conical cylinder, a second conical bellows, a third conical cylinder, a third conical bellows, a fourth conical cylinder and an outer row of bellows which are sequentially connected by flanges; a pair of hydraulic cylinder fixing plates are symmetrically arranged in the middle sections of the outer side walls of the first conical cylinder, the second conical cylinder, the third conical cylinder and the fourth conical cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged between any two upper and lower adjacent hydraulic cylinder fixing plates, and both ends of the hydraulic cylinder are fixed to the two hydraulic cylinder fixing plates by fixing bolts respectively; the number of the hydraulic cylinders is six.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the outer discharge corrugated pipe is fixed to the sand discharge tunnel through a flange.

[0013] Preferably, the slope of the sand discharge tunnel is at least 5°.

[0014] Furthermore, the elongation h of the outlet pipe inserted into the straight cylinder 1 Height h to the straight cylinder 2 The ratio is: h 1 :h 2 =7:8; The total area of ​​all the water inlets is S 1 The cross-sectional area S of the straight cylinder 2 The ratio is: S 1 :S 2 =1:5; The calculation formula of the diameter D of the straight cylinder is: ; Among them, D is the diameter of the straight cylinder, Q is the flow rate, H is the effective water head, and k is the correction coefficient; The calculation formula of the trimming coefficient k is: ; in, is the cone angle of the cone; Cone angle of cone The adjustment requirement formula is: ; in, It is the current sediment content of the water body detected by the sediment content detector.

[0015] In addition, the cone angle of the cone Extension length of hydraulic cylinder The relationship between them is: ; Wherein, D is the diameter of the straight cylinder, d is the minimum diameter of the fourth cone cylinder, and L is the total length of the first cone cylinder, the first cone bellows, the second cone cylinder, the second cone bellows, the third cone cylinder, the third cone bellows and the fourth cone cylinder in the initial state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: The present invention can not only effectively reduce the sand content in the water body, but also automatically adjust its structure according to the sand content of the water body, so that it can be better adapted to water bodies in different periods, better protect the turbine, and avoid the turbine. It not only ensures the conversion efficiency of the turbine, but also effectively reduces the maintenance frequency of the turbine, and better promotes the development and progress of the industry.

[0017] Some additional features of the present application may be explained in the following description. Some additional features of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art by inspection of the following description and corresponding drawings or understanding of the production or operation of the embodiments. The features disclosed in the present application may be realized and achieved by practice or use of various methods, means and combinations of the specific embodiments described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application. In each figure, the same reference numeral represents the same component. Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the separation part of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals: 100, straight tube; 101, straight cylinder; 102, water inlet; 103, water diversion horn; 104, water outlet pipe; 105, guide plate; 200, cone cylinder; 201, first cone; 202, second cone; 203, third cone; 204, fourth cone; 205, first cone bellows; 206, second cone bellows; 207, third cone bellows; 208, hydraulic cylinder fixing plate; 209, outer row bellows; 300, hydraulic cylinder; 400, sand discharge tunnel; 500, electronically controlled valve; 600, water supply pipe; 700. Hydro turbine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] It should be noted that if the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings relate to the terms "first", "second", etc., they are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, if the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are involved, it is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0023] In this application, if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. are involved, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0024] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In addition, in this application, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", "socketed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a self-centrifugal sediment separation device in front of a water turbine is connected to a water turbine 700 through a water supply pipe 600, comprising a separation part whose upper end is connected to the water supply pipe 600, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 300 arranged on the separation part, a sand discharge tunnel 400 whose middle section is connected to the separation part, and an electric control valve 500 arranged at the entrance of the sand discharge tunnel 400; The sand discharge tunnel is an existing technology. The main function of the electric control valve installed on it is to introduce upstream flowing water to flush the residual sand inside it, so as to avoid the blockage of the sand discharge tunnel due to long-term sedimentation.

[0028] The hydraulic cylinder 300 and the electric control valve 500 are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to a sand content detector; The sand content detector uses an optical turbidity meter or an ultrasonic sand content meter to achieve real-time sand content detection in the water body. The principle of the optical turbidity meter is to use the scattering intensity of near-infrared light passing through the water body to be proportional to the concentration of suspended particles. The principle of the ultrasonic sand content meter is to emit high-frequency ultrasonic waves and invert the particle concentration through the echo attenuation rate.

[0029] The separation portion is composed of a vertically arranged straight cylinder portion 100 and a conical cylinder portion 200 arranged below the straight cylinder portion 100 and capable of changing the cone angle by telescoping.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the straight cylinder portion 100 consists of a straight cylinder body 101 which is hollow and has an open lower side, a water inlet 102 penetrating the side wall of the straight cylinder body 101, a water diversion horn 103 arranged on the outer wall of the straight cylinder body 101 and cooperating with the water inlet 102, a water outlet pipe 104 penetrating the upper side wall of the straight cylinder body 101 by a central axis, and a guide plate 105 arranged inside the straight cylinder body 101 at a position adjacent to the water inlet 102 and forming an angle of 30° with the water inlet 102.

[0031] The guide plate has two functions. The first is to prevent the water entering the straight cylinder from the water inlet from directly impacting the outlet pipe, so as to prevent the outlet pipe from being displaced or even damaged under long-term impact. The second is to guide the water to form a vortex in the straight cylinder, thereby ensuring the centrifugal effect of the water inside the product and improving the separation efficiency of sediment.

[0032] The inlet cross-section of the water diversion horn must be larger than the outlet cross-section, and the ratio of the two must be controlled between 1:0.73 and 1:0.88. If the inlet cross-section is too small, the flow rate entering the water body will be reduced, thereby reducing the centrifugal force and affecting the separation effect of sediment. If the inlet cross-section is too large, the flow rate entering the water body will be too fast, thereby increasing the wear rate of the product.

[0033] The water inlet 102 is rectangular, the number of the water inlets 102 is at least two, and the water inlets 102 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder body 101 along the circumference of the straight cylinder body 101; the water outlet pipe 104 is fixed to the water supply pipe 600 through a flange.

[0034] Flanges are existing technology in this field. The flange connection method can greatly reduce the difficulty of product installation and replacement, which is beneficial to the initial installation of the product and the replacement of components.

[0035] The detection position of the sand content detector is 20-35 meters away from the inlet of the water diversion horn 103.

[0036] The conical cylinder portion 200 is composed of a first conical cylinder 201, a first conical bellows 205, a second conical cylinder 202, a second conical bellows 206, a third conical cylinder 203, a third conical bellows 207, a fourth conical cylinder 204 and an outer row of bellows 209 which are sequentially connected by flanges; a pair of hydraulic cylinder fixing plates 208 are symmetrically arranged in the middle sections of the outer side walls of the first conical cylinder 201, the second conical cylinder 202, the third conical cylinder 203 and the fourth conical cylinder 204.

[0037] The above-mentioned cone cylinder and cone bellows are both made of stainless steel.

[0038] The hydraulic cylinder 300 is vertically arranged between any two upper and lower adjacent hydraulic cylinder fixing plates 208 , and both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 300 are fixed to the two hydraulic cylinder fixing plates 208 by fixing bolts respectively; the number of the hydraulic cylinders 300 is six.

[0039] The lower end of the outer discharge corrugated pipe 209 is fixed on the sand discharge tunnel 400 through a flange.

[0040] In addition, a pipeline can be set up between the external discharge corrugated pipe and the sand discharge tunnel according to actual needs. However, it should be noted that if a pipeline is set up, the pipeline needs to be made as vertical as possible, and the inclination angle of the pipeline should be less than 10°.

[0041] The slope of the sand discharge tunnel 400 is at least 5°.

[0042] The elongation of the outlet pipe 104 inserted into the straight cylinder 101 is h 1 The height h of the straight cylinder body 101 2 The ratio is: h 1 :h 2 =7:8; The total area S of all the water inlets 102 1 The cross-sectional area S of the straight cylinder 101 is 2 The ratio is: S 1 :S 2 =1:5; The calculation formula of the diameter D of the straight cylinder 101 is: ; Wherein, D is the diameter of the straight cylinder 101, Q is the flow rate, H is the effective water head, and k is the correction coefficient; The calculation formula of the trimming coefficient k is: ; in, is the cone angle of the cone cylinder portion 200; The cone angle of the cone 200 The adjustment requirement formula is: ; in, It is the current sediment content of the water body detected by the sediment content detector.

[0043] In addition, the cone angle of the cone portion 200 is The extension length of the hydraulic cylinder 300 The relationship between them is: ; Wherein, D is the diameter of the straight cylinder body 101, d is the minimum diameter of the fourth cone cylinder 204, and L is the total length of the first cone cylinder 201, the first cone bellows 205, the second cone cylinder 202, the second cone bellows 206, the third cone cylinder 203, the third cone bellows 207 and the fourth cone cylinder 204 in the initial state.

[0044] The working process of the product is: (1) Complete the assembly and connection of the equipment and fix the equipment below the liquid level; (2) The sediment content detector detects the sediment content in the water in real time and transmits the data to the controller; (3) The controller calculates the required travel distance of the hydraulic cylinder based on the real-time sand content of the water. , and control the hydraulic cylinder to complete the extension and retraction; (4) Water enters the water inlet through the water diversion horn; (5) The water moves downward along the inner wall of the straight cylinder under the guidance of the guide plate; (6) The water rotates and enters the cone. Under the action of centrifugal force, the sediment moves downward along the side wall of the cone. After the sediment is removed, the clean water is separated upward along the center axis of the cone. (7) Clean water rises and is discharged through the outlet pipe to become the power source of the turbine, while water mixed with high concentrations of sediment is discharged downward into the sediment tunnel.

[0045] It should be noted that all features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0046] In addition, the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention description and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-centrifugal sediment separation device in front of a water turbine, connected to a water turbine (700) through a water supply pipe (600), characterized in that: It comprises a separation part whose upper end is connected to a water supply pipe (600), a plurality of hydraulic cylinders (300) arranged on the separation part, a sand discharge tunnel (400) whose middle section is connected to the separation part, and an electric control valve (500) arranged at the entrance of the sand discharge tunnel (400); The hydraulic cylinder (300) and the electric control valve (500) are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to a sand content detector; The separation portion is composed of a vertically arranged straight cylinder portion (100), and a conical cylinder portion (200) arranged below the straight cylinder portion (100) and capable of changing the cone angle by telescoping.

2. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight cylinder portion (100) comprises a straight cylinder body (101) which is hollow and cylindrical with an open lower side, a water inlet (102) penetrating the side wall of the straight cylinder body (101), a water diversion horn (103) arranged on the outer side wall of the straight cylinder body (101) and cooperating with the water inlet (102), a water outlet pipe (104) penetrating the upper side wall of the straight cylinder body (101) via a central axis, and a guide plate (105) arranged inside the straight cylinder body (101) at a position adjacent to the water inlet (102) and forming an angle of 30° with the water inlet (102).

3. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet (102) is rectangular, the number of the water inlets (102) is at least two, and the water inlets (102) are evenly arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder body (101) along the circumference of the straight cylinder body (101); the water outlet pipe (104) is fixed to the water supply pipe (600) via a flange.

4. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection position of the sand content detector is at a position 20-35 meters away from the inlet of the water diversion horn (103).

5. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conical cylinder portion (200) is composed of a first conical cylinder (201), a first conical bellows (205), a second conical cylinder (202), a second conical bellows (206), a third conical cylinder (203), a third conical bellows (207), a fourth conical cylinder (204), and an outer row of bellows (209) which are sequentially connected via flanges; a pair of hydraulic cylinder fixing plates (208) are symmetrically arranged in the middle sections of the outer side walls of the first conical cylinder (201), the second conical cylinder (202), the third conical cylinder (203), and the fourth conical cylinder (204).

6. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (300) is vertically arranged between any two upper and lower adjacent hydraulic cylinder fixing plates (208), and both ends of the hydraulic cylinder (300) are respectively fixed to the two hydraulic cylinder fixing plates (208) by fixing bolts; the number of the hydraulic cylinders (300) is six.

7. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer discharge corrugated pipe (209) is fixed to the sand discharge tunnel (400) via a flange.

8. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slope of the sand discharge tunnel (400) is at least 5°.

9. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ratio of the extension h1 of the water outlet pipe (104) inserted into the straight cylindrical body (101) to the height h2 of the straight cylindrical body (101) is: h1:h2=7:8; The ratio of the total area S1 of all the water inlets (102) to the cross-sectional area S2 of the straight cylindrical body (101) is: S1:S2=1:5; The calculation formula for the diameter D of the straight cylinder (101) is: ； Wherein, D is the diameter of the straight cylinder (101), Q is the flow rate, H is the effective water head, and k is the correction coefficient; The calculation formula of the trimming coefficient k is: ； in, is the cone angle of the cone cylinder portion (200); Cone angle of the conical cylinder (200) The adjustment requirement formula is: ； in, It is the current sediment content of the water body detected by the sediment content detector.

10. The self-centrifugal sediment separation equipment before the turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cone angle of the cone cylinder part (200) The extension length of the hydraulic cylinder (300) The relationship between them is: ； Wherein, D is the diameter of the straight cylinder body (101), d is the minimum diameter of the fourth cone cylinder (204), and L is the total length of the first cone cylinder (201), the first cone bellows (205), the second cone cylinder (202), the second cone bellows (206), the third cone cylinder (203), the third cone bellows (207), and the fourth cone cylinder (204) in the initial state.

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