Double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of liquid hydrogen storage equipment, and provides a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank which comprises an inner tank, an outer tank, a cold screen and a plurality of supporting columns. The space between the inner tank and the outer tank is vacuum, and the cold shield is arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank; the supporting column comprises an outer supporting column, an inner supporting column, a heat insulation column and a supporting unit, the outer supporting column is connected with the outer wall of the outer tank, the inner supporting column, the heat insulation column and the supporting unit are arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank, one end of the inner supporting column is connected with the inner wall of the outer tank, and the other end of the inner supporting column is connected with one end of the heat insulation column; the inner tank is connected with the supporting unit. The problem that a traditional liquid hydrogen spherical tank is poor in heat insulation effect is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of liquid hydrogen storage equipment, and in particular to a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient fuel, liquid hydrogen has been widely used in many fields such as aerospace. However, due to the low temperature and volatility of liquid hydrogen, the design and manufacture of its storage containers face many challenges. Traditional liquid hydrogen storage tanks usually adopt a single-layer structure or a simple double-layer structure. Although these structures can meet basic storage needs, they often have problems such as excessive heat transfer and excessive evaporation of liquid hydrogen during long-term operation.

[0003] In order to deal with the above problems, the industry has proposed a variety of improvement measures. For example, some designs use multi-layer insulation structures to reduce heat transfer. A common method is to set a vacuum layer between the inner and outer tanks to reduce heat conduction and convection. Another common way is to use high-efficiency insulation materials to wrap the tank body to further reduce heat conduction.

[0004] Although existing technical means have improved the thermal insulation effect of liquid hydrogen storage tanks to a certain extent, there are still obvious limitations. Especially during long-term operation, external heat will inevitably be transferred to the interior of the inner tank through thermal radiation or through the tank body and supporting structure, causing the evaporation of liquid hydrogen. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that traditional thermal insulation methods are not effective, the present application provides a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank.

[0006] The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank, comprising an inner tank, an outer tank, a cold shield and a plurality of support columns; There is a vacuum between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the cold shield is arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank; The support column includes an outer column, an inner column, an insulating column and a support unit. The outer column is connected to the outer wall of the outer tank. The inner column, the insulating column and the support unit are all arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank. One end of the inner column is connected to the inner wall of the outer tank, and the other end is connected to one end of the insulating column. The other end of the insulating column is connected to the support unit. The inner tank is connected to the support unit.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank has the following effects: 1. The vacuum environment between the inner tank and the outer tank effectively isolates the transfer of external heat, significantly improves the thermal insulation performance of the storage tank, and reduces the evaporation loss of liquid hydrogen.

[0008] 2. The cold screen is placed between the inner tank and the outer tank, so that the heat transmitted from the outside can be absorbed by the cold screen, further enhancing the thermal isolation effect and ensuring that the low-temperature environment in the inner tank is more stable.

[0009] 3. The design of the support columns not only provides structural stability, but also avoids the loss of cold through the insulation columns.

[0010] Preferably, the cold shield comprises a cold shield plate and a cold transport pipe, the cold shield plate is spherical and wraps the inner tank, and the cold transport pipe is arranged on the cold shield plate and is used to transport cold liquid.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the cold shield plate wraps the inner tank, which can effectively prevent external heat from entering the inner tank and improve the insulation effect. The cold transmission pipeline is arranged on the cold shield plate, and can form a heat insulation barrier by passing cold liquid, reduce the cold loss of the inner tank, and ensure the stable storage of liquid hydrogen.

[0012] Preferably, a first heat insulating member is filled between the cold shield plate and the inner tank; The interior of the cold shield plate is hollow, and the cold shield further comprises a second heat insulation member, and the second heat insulation member is filled in the cold shield plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first thermal insulation member between the cold shield plate and the inner tank can effectively prevent heat radiation and improve the thermal insulation effect; the internal hollow structure of the cold shield plate and the second thermal insulation member filled therein further enhance the overall thermal insulation performance of the cold shield, ensure the stability of the liquid hydrogen temperature, and reduce energy consumption.

[0014] Preferably, the cold transport pipe is arranged in the cold shield plate, and the second thermal insulation member is filled between the cold transport pipe and the cold shield plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the cold delivery pipeline is arranged in the cold shield plate, and the second heat insulation member is filled between the cold delivery pipeline and the cold shield plate, which can reduce the cold loss of the cold liquid.

[0016] Preferably, the support unit comprises a connecting rod and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is connected to the thermal insulation column, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the inner tank, and the other end is slidably connected to the mounting seat.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the support unit of the inner tank is composed of a connecting rod and a mounting seat. The mounting seat is connected to the heat-insulating column. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the inner tank, and the other end is slidably connected to the mounting seat. This design allows the inner tank to expand and contract freely when subjected to temperature changes or mechanical stress, effectively reducing structural damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and improving the stability and reliability of the entire system. At the same time, the design of the sliding connection can also absorb part of the vibration energy, further enhancing the overall seismic performance of the spherical tank.

[0018] Preferably, the mounting seat comprises a clamping member and a frame, the frame is rotatably connected to the heat-insulating column, and the rotation axis of the frame is parallel to the central axis of the heat-insulating column; The clamping member is rotatably arranged on the frame body, the rotation axis of the clamping member is perpendicular to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is slidably connected to the clamping member.

[0019] By adopting the above solution, the connecting rod is slidably connected with the clamping member, so that when the inner tank expands and contracts, the connecting rod can slide relative to the clamping member to compensate for the deformation of the inner tank. By setting the frame body and the heat-insulating column to be rotatably connected, the clamping member is rotatably arranged on the frame body, so that when the deformation of different parts of the inner tank is different, the frame body and the clamping member can rotate to adapt to the change in the orientation of the connecting rod.

[0020] Preferably, the heat-insulating column is plugged into the inner support column, one of the heat-insulating column and the inner support column has a positioning portion, and the other has a limiting portion, and the positioning portion and the limiting portion are limitedly matched.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the plug-in structure between the heat-insulating column and the inner support and the limiting cooperation between the positioning part and the limiting part effectively improve the overall stability of the support column and ensure the safety and reliability of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank during operation. At the same time, this structural design simplifies the assembly process, reduces manufacturing costs, and improves production efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, the inner support and the outer support are both provided with a support plate at one end facing the tank wall of the outer tank, and the support plate is adapted to the shape of the tank wall of the outer tank and the two are in contact with each other; The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank also includes a connecting piece, and the support plates on the multiple inner pillars are connected by the connecting piece.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the support plates arranged at one end of the inner and outer pillars facing the outer tank wall can better disperse the force and avoid local stress concentration leading to structural damage. At the same time, the support plates on multiple inner pillars are connected by connectors, which further enhances the rigidity of the entire support system and improves the overall stability and safety of the spherical tank.

[0024] Preferably, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank further includes a hydrogen outlet pipeline and an insulation layer, the hydrogen outlet pipeline is connected with the inner tank and passes through the outer tank, the hydrogen outlet pipeline is limitedly matched with the connector, and the insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the hydrogen outlet pipeline; The hydrogen outlet pipeline includes an inner pipeline, an outer pipeline and an insulation pad. The inner pipeline is connected to the inner tank and is located between the cold shield and the inner tank. The outer pipeline is connected to the outer tank and is connected to the outer pipeline, and the insulation pad is arranged between the inner pipeline and the outer pipeline.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydrogen outlet pipeline design of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank can effectively reduce the cooling loss of liquid hydrogen and improve the thermal insulation performance of the system. Specifically: The limit fit between the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the connector enhances the structural stability and prevents the pipeline from loosening due to vibration or impact; The insulation layer wrapped around the outside of the hydrogen outlet pipe further reduces the impact of the external environment on the temperature of liquid hydrogen and improves the thermal insulation effect of the overall system; The inner pipeline is located between the cold screen and the inner tank, and an insulating pad is arranged between the inner and outer pipelines to further prevent external heat from being transferred to the liquid hydrogen through the hydrogen outlet pipeline, ensuring that the liquid hydrogen always remains at a low temperature.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. A vacuum layer is set between the inner tank and the outer tank, and a cold shield is added therein, which can significantly reduce heat transfer and effectively prevent liquid hydrogen from evaporating too quickly; 2. The design of the support column adopts a multi-level connection structure (external support, internal support, insulation column and support unit), which ensures the stability and reliability of the storage tank during long-term operation and prevents the external temperature from being transmitted to the liquid hydrogen through the support column; 3. The interior of the cold shield plate is hollow and filled with a second thermal insulation component, which further enhances the thermal insulation effect, reduces heat conduction between the inner and outer tanks, and improves the safety and economic benefits of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the front view of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank provided in this application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank provided in this application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a top view of the connector of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank provided in this application.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the support column of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank provided in this application.

[0031] Description of reference numerals: 1. Inner tank; 2. Outer tank; 3. Cold screen; 4. Support column; 41. Outer support column; 42. Inner support column; 421. Positioning part; 43. Heat insulation column; 44. Support unit; 441. Connecting rod; 442. Clamping member; 443. Frame; 45. Pull rod; 46. Support plate; 47. Bolt; 5. Connecting piece; 51. Connecting block; 52. Connecting arm; 6. Hydrogen outlet pipeline; 61. Inner pipeline; 62. Outer pipeline; 63. Insulation pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 This application is described in further detail.

[0033] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank, including an inner tank 1, an outer tank 2, a cold shield 3 and a plurality of support columns 4.

[0034] The inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 are vacuumed to reduce the heat conduction between the inner tank 1 and the outside. The vacuum degree between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 can be 10Pa, which can not only reduce heat transfer, but also prevent the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 from being squeezed by excessive pressure.

[0035] The cold shield 3 is arranged between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2, and the cold shield 3 includes a cold shield 3 plate and a cold delivery pipe. The cold shield 3 plate is connected to the outer tank 2, the inner tank 1 or one of the support columns 4, and a heat insulating pad can be provided at the connection part to reduce heat transfer. The cold shield 3 plate is spherical and wraps the inner tank 1, thereby isolating the inner tank 1 from the outside. The cold delivery pipe is arranged on the cold shield 3 plate and is used to transport cold liquid. Among them, the cold delivery pipe and the cold shield 3 plate can be two independent components connected to each other, or a single component formed in one piece. For example, a channel for transporting cold liquid can be formed on the cold shield 3 plate.

[0036] The cold liquid may specifically be liquid nitrogen. Since the boiling point of liquid hydrogen is approximately -253°C, there is a large temperature difference between the inner tank 1 and the outside world, and liquid hydrogen is very easy to evaporate due to heat. By driving the liquid nitrogen to circulate in the cold transport pipeline through a pump, a low-temperature insulation layer can be formed on the outside of the inner tank 1. Since the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is approximately -196°C, the temperature difference between the inner tank 1 and the cold screen 3 is much smaller than the temperature difference between the inner tank 1 and the outside world, which can effectively slow down the cold loss of liquid hydrogen. In addition, the heat transferred from the outside world to the outer tank 2 can be absorbed by the cold screen 3 to prevent heat from being transferred to the inner tank 1.

[0037] A first thermal insulation member is also filled between the cold shield 3 and the inner tank 1. The first thermal insulation member may be glass beads, which can effectively prevent heat radiation, thereby further isolating the external heat.

[0038] The interior of the cold shield 3 is at least partially hollow, and the cold shield 3 is also filled with a second heat insulating member to further isolate heat conduction. The second heat insulating member can be pearlite powder.

[0039] Furthermore, the cold delivery pipeline is at least partially arranged in the cold shield 3 plate, and the second heat insulation member is filled between the cold delivery pipeline and the inner wall of the cold shield 3 plate, thereby slowing down the cold loss of liquid nitrogen.

[0040] The support column 4 includes an outer support column 41, an inner support column 42, an insulating column 43, a support unit 44 and a tie rod 45. The outer support column 41 is connected to the outer wall of the outer tank 2, and any two outer support columns 41 are connected by at least one tie rod 45. The inner support column 42, the insulating column 43 and the support unit 44 are all arranged between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2, one end of the inner support column 42 is connected to the inner wall of the outer tank 2, and the other end is connected to one end of the insulating column 43, the other end of the insulating column 43 is connected to the support unit 44, and the inner tank 1 is connected to the support unit 44.

[0041] The heat-insulating column 43, the inner support 42 and the outer support 41 are coaxially arranged. The heat-insulating column 43 is arranged between the cold shield 3 and the inner tank 1. By arranging the heat-insulating column 43, the external heat is prevented from being transferred to the inner tank 1 through the outer support 41. The material of the heat-insulating column 43 can be glass fiber reinforced plastic.

[0042] The inner support 42 and the outer support 41 are both provided with a support plate 46 at one end facing the tank wall of the outer tank 2, and are connected to the tank wall of the outer tank 2 through the support plate 46. The support plate 46 is adapted to the shape of the tank wall of the outer tank 2 and the support plate 46 is in contact with the tank wall of the outer tank 2, thereby increasing the contact area and dispersing the force.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figures 2 to 3 As shown, since the wall of the outer tank 2 is spherical, the support plate 46 has a tendency to slide laterally, and the connection between the inner support 42 and the outer tank 2 may be deformed over time. In this regard, the present embodiment further provides a connecting member 5, which includes a connecting block 51 and a plurality of connecting arms 52. The plurality of support plates 46 are connected to the connecting block 51 one by one through the plurality of connecting arms 52. The connecting member 5 is provided to prevent the sliding tendency of the support plates 46.

[0044] The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank also includes a hydrogen outlet pipeline 6 and an insulation layer. The insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the hydrogen outlet pipeline 6 to provide insulation, and the insulation layer can be made of materials such as foam or insulation cotton.

[0045] The hydrogen outlet pipeline 6 includes an inner pipeline 61, an outer pipeline 62 and an insulation pad 63. The inner pipeline 61 is connected to the inner tank 1, and the outer pipeline 62 is connected to the outer tank 2. One end of the outer pipeline 62 is connected to the inner pipeline 61, and the other end is connected to the outside. The inner pipeline 61 is located between the cold shield 3 and the inner tank 1, and the insulation pad 63 is arranged between the inner pipeline 61 and the outer pipeline 62 to prevent the external heat from being transferred to the inner tank 1 through the hydrogen outlet pipeline 6. Among them, the insulation pad 63 can be made of rubber material, which can not only play a heat insulation role, but also improve the sealing performance.

[0046] Furthermore, a valve is provided on the hydrogen outlet pipe 6, and the valve can be provided on the inner pipe 61, so that during the hydrogen storage process, the liquid hydrogen is always located inside the cold shield 3, thereby reducing the loss of cold energy.

[0047] Furthermore, the connection block 51 is provided with a through hole adapted to the outer pipe 62 , and the outer pipe 62 passes through the corresponding through hole on the connection block 51 so that the connection piece 5 and the hydrogen outlet pipe 6 can be mutually limited, thereby improving the stability of the structure.

[0048] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the support unit 44 includes a connecting rod 441 and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is connected to the heat-insulating column 43, one end of the connecting rod 441 is connected to the inner tank 1, and the other end is slidably connected to the mounting seat. By setting the connecting rod 441 to be slidably connected to the mounting seat, when the size of the inner tank 1 changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, the connecting rod 441 can slide relative to the mounting seat so that the mounting seat will not be affected by the change in the size of the inner tank 1, thereby improving the service life of the mounting seat.

[0049] Furthermore, the mounting seat includes a clamping member 442 and a frame 443. The structure of the clamping member 442 is not strictly limited, as long as it can be slidably connected to the connecting rod 441. The clamping member 442 is rotatably arranged on the frame 443, and the rotation axis of the clamping member 442 is perpendicular to the connecting rod 441. The frame 443 is rotatably connected to the heat insulation column 43, and the rotation axis of the frame 443 is parallel to the central axis of the heat insulation column 43.

[0050] Specifically, when the size of the inner tank 1 changes due to thermal expansion and contraction or other reasons, the deformation amounts of different parts of the inner tank 1 may be different. When the deformation amounts of different parts of the inner tank 1 are inconsistent, the axial direction of the connecting rod 441 connected to the inner tank 1 may change. In this embodiment, the clamping member 442 is rotatably connected to the frame 443, and the frame 443 is rotatably connected to the heat insulation column 43, so that the support unit 44 can flexibly adapt to the change in the orientation of the connecting rod 441. Improve the support stability.

[0051] The heat-insulating column 43 and the inner support 42 can be connected by plugging, for example, a slot is provided at the top of the inner support 42, and the bottom of the heat-insulating column 43 is inserted into the slot. In addition, one of the heat-insulating column 43 and the inner support 42 has a positioning portion 421, and the other has a limiting portion. By providing the positioning portion 421 and the limiting portion, the heat-insulating column 43 and the inner support 42 are easily positioned quickly.

[0052] Further, the positioning portion 421 is matched with the limiting portion. For example, the positioning portion 421 is provided on the bottom wall of the slot, and the limiting portion is provided at the bottom of the heat insulating column 43. The positioning portion 421 is a vertically arranged positioning plate, and the limiting portion is a limiting groove, and the positioning plate is plugged into the limiting groove. Among them, the positioning plate is connected to the inner wall of the slot, thereby playing the role of a reinforcing rib.

[0053] Furthermore, the heat insulation column 43 may be connected to the positioning plate by means of bolts 47 and other components to improve the connection strength.

Claims

1. A double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank, characterized in that: include: An inner tank (1), an outer tank (2), a cold shield (3) and a plurality of support columns (4); There is a vacuum between the inner tank (1) and the outer tank (2), and the cold shield (3) is arranged between the inner tank (1) and the outer tank (2); The support column (4) comprises an outer column (41), an inner column (42), an insulating column (43) and a support unit (44); the outer column (41) is connected to the outer wall of the outer tank (2); the inner column (42), the insulating column (43) and the support unit (44) are all arranged between the inner tank (1) and the outer tank (2); one end of the inner column (42) is connected to the inner wall of the outer tank (2) and the other end is connected to one end of the insulating column (43); the other end of the insulating column (43) is connected to the support unit (44); and the inner tank (1) is connected to the support unit (44).

2. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cold shield (3) comprises a cold shield (3) plate and a cold transport pipe, the cold shield (3) plate is spherical and wraps the inner tank (1), and the cold transport pipe is arranged on the cold shield (3) plate and is used to transport cold liquid.

3. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first heat insulating member is filled between the cold shield (3) plate and the inner tank (1); The interior of the cold shield (3) plate is hollow, and the cold shield (3) further comprises a second thermal insulation member, wherein the second thermal insulation member is filled in the cold shield (3) plate.

4. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cold transport pipeline is arranged in the cold shield (3) plate, and the second thermal insulation member is filled between the cold transport pipeline and the cold shield (3) plate.

5. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support unit (44) comprises a connecting rod (441) and a mounting seat, the mounting seat being connected to the heat insulation column (43), one end of the connecting rod (441) being connected to the inner tank (1), and the other end being slidably connected to the mounting seat.

6. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The mounting seat comprises a clamping member (442) and a frame body (443); the frame body (443) is rotatably connected to the heat-insulating column (43); and the rotation axis of the frame body (443) is parallel to the central axis of the heat-insulating column (43); The clamping member (442) is rotatably disposed on the frame (443); the rotation axis of the clamping member (442) is perpendicular to the connecting rod (441); and the connecting rod (441) is slidably connected to the clamping member (442).

7. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat-insulating column (43) is plugged into the inner support column (42); one of the heat-insulating column (43) and the inner support column (42) has a positioning portion (421), and the other has a limiting portion; the positioning portion (421) and the limiting portion are in limiting cooperation.

8. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner support (42) and the outer support (41) are both provided with a support plate (46) at one end facing the tank wall of the outer tank (2), and the support plate (46) is adapted to the shape of the tank wall of the outer tank (2) and the two are in contact with each other; The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank further comprises a connecting piece (5), and the supporting plates (46) on the plurality of inner pillars (42) are connected via the connecting piece (5).

9. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank further comprises a hydrogen outlet pipeline (6) and a heat insulation layer, wherein the hydrogen outlet pipeline (6) is in communication with the inner tank (1) and passes through the outer tank (2), the hydrogen outlet pipeline (6) is in limited position cooperation with the connecting piece (5), and the heat insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the hydrogen outlet pipeline (6); The hydrogen outlet pipeline (6) comprises an inner pipeline (61), an outer pipeline (62) and an insulation pad (63); the inner pipeline (61) is connected to the inner tank (1), and the inner pipeline (61) is located between the cold shield (3) and the inner tank (1); the outer pipeline (62) is connected to the outer tank (2); the inner pipeline (61) is connected to the outer pipeline (62), and the insulation pad (63) is arranged between the inner pipeline (61) and the outer pipeline (62).

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