Performance test bench for automobile steering axle

Abstract

The invention provides an automobile steering axle performance test bench. The automobile steering axle performance test bench comprises a vertical loading system, a steering loading system and a measurement control system. The vertical loading system comprises two hand-cranking wheels, two lifting screw rods, two loading supports, two lifting supports, two loading levers, two steering axle fixing seats, a working platform, two loading cylinders and a tested sample steering axle; the steering loading system comprises two wheel guide rods, two dampers, two damper supports, two wheel steering tables, a steering cylinder, a steering cylinder support, a steering drag link and wheels on a steering axle of a tested sample; the measurement control system comprises two pressure sensors, a tension sensor, two proximity sensors, an industrial personal computer and a signal acquisition card. According to the invention, by simulating the stress state and the motion state of the steering axle in the whole vehicle, the performance of each motion joint of the steering axle under the influence of the axle load can be comprehensively evaluated, and the durability test of the integral steering axle is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automobiles, and in particular to an automobile steering axle performance test bench. Background Art

[0002] Among the many parts of a car, the steering axle, as the core structure of the front of the vehicle, has a vital function. It is responsible for carrying the front axle load of the vehicle and also needs to have a steering function to ensure that the vehicle can travel flexibly on the road.

[0003] The steering knuckle in the steering axle makes the wheels at both ends deflect a certain angle to achieve the steering of the car. In addition to bearing the vertical load of the car, it also bears the longitudinal force and lateral force and the torque caused by these forces. In practical applications, the performance and quality of the steering axle have an important impact on the driving safety and handling performance of the vehicle. A high-quality steering axle should have sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the impact of various forces during the driving of the vehicle; at the same time, it also needs to have good handling and stability to ensure that the vehicle can complete the steering action smoothly and accurately. Therefore, when designing and manufacturing the steering axle, it is necessary to fully consider factors such as its use environment, load characteristics and safety requirements to ensure that it can meet the actual needs of the vehicle.

[0004] The steering axle includes the front axle, kingpin, steering knuckle, wheel hub and steering tie rod. These parts work together to realize the steering and driving functions of the vehicle. The front axle bears the front axle load, the kingpin transmits the steering torque, the steering knuckle deflects the wheel, the wheel hub fixes the wheel, and the steering tie rod transmits the steering trapezoidal motion relationship. The kingpin and tie rod ball head in the steering axle are the key to ensure the smooth steering of the steering axle. Failure of these motion joints will cause vehicle faults such as abnormal noise and shaking. These parts need to have sufficient strength and durability to ensure the safety and controllability of the vehicle.

[0005] However, the prior art lacks dedicated testing equipment for steering axles, and cannot effectively perform durability tests on the motion joints of steering axles. There is a lack of necessary testing and troubleshooting methods for the failure causes. The ball joint test of the steering tie rod is usually only performed on a small parts test bench. However, this test method does not take into account the impact of the steering axle load on the ball joint, and is inconsistent with the actual force of the vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automobile steering axle performance test bench, which is intended to realize the durability performance test of the integral steering axle and comprehensively evaluate the performance of each moving joint of the steering axle under the influence of axle load.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] The present invention provides an automobile steering axle performance test bench, comprising a vertical loading system, a steering loading system and a measurement control system;

[0009] The vertical loading system comprises two hand-cranked wheels (1), two lifting screws (2), two loading supports (3), two lifting supports (4), two loading levers (5), two steering bridge fixing seats (6), a working platform (9), two loading cylinders (14) and a steering bridge (12) of a sample to be tested; the loading supports (3) are fixed on the working platform (9), a lifting screw (2) is installed on the top of the loading supports (3), the upper end of the lifting screw (2) is connected to the hand-cranked wheel (1), and the lower end of the lifting screw (2) is connected to the lifting support (4);

[0010] The steering loading system comprises two wheel guide rods (7), two dampers (8), two damper supports (10), two wheel steering platforms (13), a steering cylinder (17), a steering cylinder support (18), a steering straight tie rod (22) and a wheel (11) of a steering axle of a tested sample; the wheel steering platform (13) is rotatable, and the two wheels (11) are supported on the two wheel steering platforms (13) respectively; one end of the wheel guide rod (7) is fixedly connected to the wheel rim, and the other end is connected to the damper (8); the damper (8) is connected to the damper support (10), and the damper support (10) is fixed on the working platform (9); the steering straight tie rod (22) is connected to the steering cylinder (17), the steering cylinder (17) is connected to the steering cylinder support (18), and the steering cylinder support (18) is fixed on the working platform (9);

[0011] The measurement control system comprises two pressure sensors (15), a tension sensor (16), two proximity sensors (19), an industrial computer (20), and a signal acquisition card (21); the proximity sensor (19) is mounted on the housing of the steering cylinder (17).

[0012] Preferably, a magnet is installed on the internal piston rod of the steering cylinder (17), and when the piston rod moves to the left end and the right end, it will trigger the external proximity sensor (19) to generate a sensing signal;

[0013] The sensing signal is input into a control system in an industrial computer (20) via a signal acquisition card (21), and the movement direction of the piston rod of the steering cylinder (17) is changed by controlling the reversing valve.

[0014] Preferably, the damper (8) and the damper support (10) are connected using a universal ball head; the wheel guide rod (7) and the damper (8) are connected using a universal ball head; the steering straight tie rod (22) and the steering cylinder (17) are connected using a universal ball head; and the steering cylinder (17) and the steering cylinder support (18) are connected using a universal ball head.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention adopts integral bridge measurement, and uses a cylinder and a damper to respectively simulate the vertical load and steering resistance of the steering axle, which can well restore the force conditions of the steering axle when the whole vehicle is turning, making the durability performance test more accurate; at the same time, it can save the steps of disassembling parts and improve the test efficiency.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a lifting type loading support, which is compatible with steering axles of different heights and wheelbases, improves versatility and reduces testing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view of a vehicle steering axle performance test bench described in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 A side view of an automobile steering axle performance test bench described in an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view of an automobile steering axle performance test bench described in an embodiment.

[0022] The figure shows:

[0023] 1-hand wheel; 2-lifting screw rod; 3-loading support; 4-lifting support; 5-loading lever; 6-steering axle fixing seat; 7-wheel guide rod; 8-damper; 9-working platform; 10-damper support; 11-wheel of the steering axle of the tested sample; 12-steering axle of the tested sample; 13-wheel steering platform; 14-loading cylinder; 15-pressure sensor; 16-tension sensor; 17-steering cylinder; 18-steering cylinder support; 19-proximity sensor; 20-industrial computer; 21-signal acquisition card; 22-steering straight pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, all directional indications in this application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, bottom...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0027] Example

[0028] This embodiment provides a vehicle steering axle performance test bench, which Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a vertical loading system, a steering loading system and a measurement control system.

[0029] Among them, as far as the specific design of the vertical loading system is concerned, it is composed of two hand-cranked wheels 1, two lifting screws 2, two loading supports 3, two lifting supports 4, two loading levers 5, two steering axle fixing seats 6, a working platform 9, two loading cylinders 14 and a steering axle 12 of the tested sample. The vertical loading system is provided with two left and right loading supports 3 fixed on the working platform 9, and a lifting screw 2 is installed on the top of the loading support 3. The upper end of the lifting screw 2 is connected to the hand-cranked wheel 1, and the lower end is connected to the lifting support 4. By operating the hand-cranked wheel 1, the lifting screw 2 is rotated, thereby driving the lifting support 4 to move vertically in the loading support 3. The middle part of the loading lever 5 is connected to the lifting support 4 through a pin shaft, and can move up and down with the lifting support 4 at the same time. In this way, the vertical loading system can fix the steering axle leaf spring seats of different heights through the loading lever 5, so as to be compatible with steering axle samples of different specifications.

[0030] The vertical loading system uses the lever principle to convert the upward thrust of the loading cylinder 14 into downward pressure through the loading lever 5, and applies it to the steering axle leaf spring seat through the steering axle fixing seat 6. One end of the loading lever 5 is connected to the pressure sensor on the loading cylinder 14 through a pin shaft, and the other end is equipped with a slot connected by a pin shaft. The steering axle fixing seat 6 is fixed to the steering axle leaf spring seat by bolts, and the loading lever 5 presses the steering axle fixing seat downward through the slot. At the same time, the tires at both ends of the steering axle provide upward support, thereby fixing the steering axle. Through this lever mechanism, the slot of the loading lever 5 can always fit the steering axle fixing seat 6 during the loading process, and the vertical load can be evenly applied to the steering axle to prevent damage to the sample under test. At the same time, this loading method ensures that the stress state of the steering axle on the test bench is consistent with the actual vehicle.

[0031] The upward thrust of the loading cylinder 14 is calculated according to the formula Fz=0.5•(a / b)•G•g. The effective arm length a from the steering axle fixing seat 6 on the loading lever 5 of this embodiment to the rotating shaft is 0.4m, the effective arm length b from the output end of the loading cylinder 14 on the loading lever 5 to the rotating shaft is 0.6m, the axle load G of the steering axle is 2400kg, and the gravity acceleration g is 9.8N / kg. Therefore, the thrust Fz of the loading cylinder is calculated to be 7840N. By adjusting the air pressure in the loading cylinder 14, the loading force of the loading cylinder 14 can be monitored in real time through the pressure sensor 15, so that the vertical load on the tested sample is equal to the axle load of the steering axle, which is consistent with the actual force of the vehicle. At the same time, the use of a lever loading mechanism reduces the specification requirements of the loading cylinder.

[0032] As for the specific design of the steering loading system, it is composed of two wheel guide rods 7, two dampers 8, two damper supports 10, two wheel steering platforms 13, a steering cylinder 17, a steering cylinder support 18, a steering straight tie rod 22 and the wheel 11 of the steering axle of the sample under test.

[0033] The steering loading system is provided with two wheel steering platforms 13. The upper half of the circular steering platform can rotate freely around the axis of the vertical platform center, and is supported on the lower half by a plane bearing. The left and right wheels 11 of the steering bridge are supported on the two wheel steering platforms 13. When the steering bridge turns, the wheels 11 will drive the upper half of the circular steering platform to rotate, converting the static friction of the in-situ steering into the rolling friction of the plane bearing, reducing the wear of the wheels 11. The wheel rim is fixedly connected to the wheel guide rod 7, the wheel guide rod 7 and the damper 8 are connected by a universal ball head, the damper 8 and the damper support 10 are connected by a universal ball head, and the damper support 10 is fixed on the working platform 9. The steering straight tie rod 22 and the steering cylinder 17 are connected by a universal ball head, the steering cylinder 17 and the steering cylinder support 18 are connected by a universal ball head, and the steering cylinder support 18 is fixed on the working platform 9. The use of a universal ball head connection helps to ensure smooth transmission between the various components of the test bench. When working, the steering cylinder 17 generates thrust to make the steering straight tie rod 22 reciprocate, thereby driving the entire steering bridge 12 to turn left and right.

[0034] The thrust of the steering cylinder 17 is calculated by the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] According to this formula, in this embodiment, the friction coefficient μ is 0.7, the effective knuckle arm length L of the steering axle is 0.2m, the axle load G of the steering axle is 2400kg, and the tire pressure P is 0.63Mpa, so the thrust Fx of the steering cylinder is calculated to be 5302N. By adjusting the damping size of the damper 8, the thrust of the steering cylinder 17 can be monitored in real time through the tension sensor 15, so that the steering axle can obtain appropriate resistance when steering, which is consistent with the actual vehicle steering axle force.

[0037] As for the specific design of the measurement and control system, it is composed of two pressure sensors 15, a tension sensor 16, two proximity sensors 19, an industrial computer 20, and a signal acquisition card 21. The two proximity sensors 19 of the measurement and control system are installed on the housing of the steering cylinder 17. Furthermore, a magnet is installed on the internal piston rod of the steering cylinder 17. When the cylinder piston rod moves to the left and right ends, it will trigger the external proximity sensor 19 to generate an induction signal, which is input into the control system in the industrial computer 20 through the signal acquisition card 21, and the movement direction of the piston rod of the steering cylinder 17 is changed by controlling the reversing valve, thereby realizing the left and right reciprocating steering of the steering axle.

[0038] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. Based on the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automobile steering axle performance test bench, characterized in that: Including vertical loading system, steering loading system and measurement control system; The vertical loading system comprises two hand-cranked wheels (1), two lifting screws (2), two loading supports (3), two lifting supports (4), two loading levers (5), two steering bridge fixing seats (6), a working platform (9), two loading cylinders (14) and a steering bridge (12) of a sample to be tested; the loading supports (3) are fixed on the working platform (9), a lifting screw (2) is installed on the top of the loading supports (3), the upper end of the lifting screw (2) is connected to the hand-cranked wheel (1), and the lower end of the lifting screw (2) is connected to the lifting support (4); The steering loading system comprises two wheel guide rods (7), two dampers (8), two damper supports (10), two wheel steering platforms (13), a steering cylinder (17), a steering cylinder support (18), a steering straight tie rod (22) and a wheel (11) of a steering axle of a tested sample; the wheel steering platform (13) is rotatable, and the two wheels (11) are supported on the two wheel steering platforms (13) respectively; one end of the wheel guide rod (7) is fixedly connected to the wheel rim, and the other end is connected to the damper (8); the damper (8) is connected to the damper support (10), and the damper support (10) is fixed on the working platform (9); the steering straight tie rod (22) is connected to the steering cylinder (17), the steering cylinder (17) is connected to the steering cylinder support (18), and the steering cylinder support (18) is fixed on the working platform (9); The measurement control system comprises two pressure sensors (15), a tension sensor (16), two proximity sensors (19), an industrial computer (20), and a signal acquisition card (21); the proximity sensor (19) is mounted on the housing of the steering cylinder (17).

2. The automobile steering axle performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnet is installed on the internal piston rod of the steering cylinder (17), and when the piston rod moves to the left end and the right end, it will trigger the external proximity sensor (19) to generate an induction signal; The sensing signal is input into a control system in an industrial computer (20) via a signal acquisition card (21), and the movement direction of the piston rod of the steering cylinder (17) is changed by controlling the reversing valve.

3. The automobile steering axle performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper (8) and the damper support (10) are connected by a universal ball head; the wheel guide rod (7) and the damper (8) are connected by a universal ball head; the steering straight tie rod (22) and the steering cylinder (17) are connected by a universal ball head; and the steering cylinder (17) and the steering cylinder support (18) are connected by a universal ball head.

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