Device and method for testing secondary abrasion of cutterhead system of heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary wear testing device and a secondary wear testing method for a cutterhead system of a heading machine. The testing device comprises a tunnel face platform, an inductor, a camera, a rock slag container, a container valve, movable rock slag, a to-be-sharpened cutter head material, a bolt, a cutter head system, an axial supporting ball, a shaft X, a coupler, a circumferential supporting ball, a guide rail, an anti-overturning support, a bearing, a motor, an oil cylinder, a rock slag collector, a conveying belt, a supporting piece, a filter screen and an electric control switchboard. The test method can assist the test device in completing a'secondary wear 'experiment of the cutter head system, and provides a basis for wear-resistant design and wear life prediction of the heading machine cutter head system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction and wear testing of cutterhead systems in the field of underground tunnel boring equipment, and in particular to a secondary wear testing device and a testing method for a cutterhead system of a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel boring machine (TBM) is the main excavation equipment used for tunnel excavation. Its excavation process is mainly achieved by the propulsion and rotation of the front-end cutterhead system. The cutterhead system includes a cutterhead and several rollers installed on the cutterhead panel, which is equivalent to the human mouth and teeth. The main object of the TBM excavation process is the hard rock in the deep strata. During the propulsion and rotation of the cutterhead system, the rollers roll and cut the hard rock, encountering huge rock-breaking reverse loads, causing severe wear of the rollers. The wear caused by the rollers cutting the hard rock on the face is generally called "primary wear", which is the main cause of roller failure. Engineering practice shows that although the wear failure of the rollers is dominated by their primary wear, the "secondary wear" of the rollers and the cutterhead panel caused by the rock slag produced after the rollers cut the hard rock will also aggravate the failure of the cutterhead system. Especially for the cutterhead panel, since the cutterhead panel has no direct contact with the tunnel face during the rock breaking process of the TBM cutterhead system, its wear is mainly caused by the scratching of the rock debris generated by rock breaking and accumulated under the cutterhead, that is, the wear and failure of the cutterhead panel is mainly caused by the "secondary wear" generated by the rock debris.

[0003] Due to the difficulty of on-site testing, the industry currently lacks knowledge about the "secondary wear" of the cutterhead system, which makes the cutterhead system have great limitations in wear resistance design and life prediction, seriously restricting the high-performance rock breaking and tunneling of the tunnel boring machine. Indoor experiments are different from on-site construction. They can be stopped at any time, and the test is relatively easy to operate. Therefore, it is extremely important to design a friction and wear test platform for the "secondary wear" working conditions of the cutterhead system.

[0004] In traditional machine-rock friction and wear test experiments, the machine-rock contact is generally relatively "static", that is, the rock is fixed by the friction process. However, the friction and wear between the cutterhead system and the rock slag is "dynamic", that is, the rock slag is free to move at the front end of the cutterhead panel during the mixing process of the cutterhead system, which changes the contact friction and wear mode. In addition, during the actual construction of the tunnel boring machine, under the influence of gravity, the rock slag is mainly accumulated at the bottom of the tunnel face. In order to effectively reflect the "secondary wear" working condition characteristics of this cutterhead system and rock slag, and reveal its wear mechanism, the present invention designs a secondary wear test device and test method for the tunnel boring machine cutterhead system. In this device, the corresponding rock slag is accumulated at the bottom of the tunnel face and is not constrained and can move, which is consistent with the wear condition of the cutterhead system in the actual TBM project. Through the implementation of the test device and test method, the "secondary wear" mechanism of the cutterhead system can be effectively obtained, providing a basis for the wear resistance design and wear life prediction of the cutterhead system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a secondary wear test device and test method for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine. The device takes freely movable rock slag into account and can reproduce the actual secondary wear process of the cutter head system of the tunnel boring machine. The device can also overcome the off-center load effect of the secondary wear and avoid problems such as device test failure caused by off-center load problems of the cutter head system. At the same time, the automatic slag feeding and discharging settings of the device and the automatic control of the device reduce the difficulty of the secondary wear test of the cutter head system and improve the test automation level, which can provide a basis for the study of the secondary wear mechanism of the cutter head system.

[0006] The present invention is mainly implemented through the following scheme, and the present invention mainly includes: a face platform, a sensor, a camera, a slag container, a container valve, movable slag, a cutter disc material to be sharpened, bolts, a cutter disc system, axial support balls, an axis X, a coupling, circumferential support balls, a guide rail, an anti-rollover bracket, a bearing, a motor, a cylinder, a slag collector, a conveyor belt, a support, a filter screen, and an electronic control switchboard.

[0007] The face platform is fixed on the ground, the camera is installed at the front end of the face platform, and the sensor is installed at the front end of the face platform. At the same time, the top of the face platform is connected to the slag container, the slag container is filled with the movable slag, and the container valve is installed at the opening below the slag container; the movable slag can fall from the opened container valve into the filter screen under the action of gravity; the opening and closing of the container valve and the opening time can control the falling of the slag and the amount of slag falling, the camera can monitor the interaction behavior between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the movable slag, including the movement trajectory of the slag, the temperature field distribution characteristics of the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the movable slag; the sensor can monitor the stacking height of the movable slag, and the position of the sensor can be raised and lowered according to the required stacking height of the movable slag.

[0008] A semicircular groove is provided below the front end of the face platform, and the side surface of the filter is also semicircular, so that it can be inserted into the semicircular groove at the lower end of the face platform to achieve the connection between the face platform and the filter. The filter can also be directly pulled out of the semicircular groove to complete the disassembly. The support member is provided below the right end of the filter to prevent the filter from being crushed or bent and deformed by the weight of the movable rock slag. The support member can be raised and lowered to change the small gap between the filter and the cutter head system.

[0009] The cutter disc material to be sharpened is installed on the cutter disc system, and the middle of the back of the cutter disc system is connected to the axis X; a through hole is opened in the central area of ​​the left end of the anti-rollover bracket to facilitate the axis X to pass through the through hole, and the axis X does not have friction contact with the anti-rollover bracket, and an appropriate gap is maintained between them; the rear end of the axis X is then connected to the coupling, and the coupling is connected to the main shaft of the motor, the main shaft of the motor is sleeved with the bearing and is interference-connected with the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is connected to the anti-rollover bracket; the motor can be continuously variable, and the motor can be reversed; the coupling can only transmit torque but not axial power, which can prevent the axial force on the cutter disc system from being transmitted to the motor, causing damage to the motor; the motor is fixed to the anti-rollover bracket A plurality of axial support balls are installed between the anti-rollover bracket and the cutter disc system, and the axial support balls are embedded in a cavity at the front end of the anti-rollover bracket and can roll in the cavity but will not fall off or escape from the cavity at the front end of the anti-rollover bracket; the axial support balls are responsible for transmitting the axial force between the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket, and converting the friction between the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket into rolling friction, thereby reducing the friction resistance between the two and facilitating the motor to drive the cutter disc system and the cutter disc material to be ground to rotate; a plurality of axial support balls are arranged in a cross form on the anti-rollover bracket, and the axial support balls are evenly and radially arranged along the radial direction of the anti-rollover bracket to ensure uniform load between the anti-rollover bracket and the cutter disc system.

[0010] The face platform, the filter screen and the cutter disc material to be sharpened form a wrapping area to store and pile up the movable rock debris; the right end of the filter screen partially wraps the cutter disc system, and the small gap between the filter screen and the cutter disc system can be adjusted by lifting and lowering the support member to ensure that the movable rock debris does not slip out of the gap.

[0011] The back center area of ​​the anti-rollover bracket is connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the ground; the axial movement of the anti-rollover bracket is achieved by pushing and pulling the piston rod of the oil cylinder, thereby driving the axial contact and separation between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the movable rock slag; the oil cylinder can achieve constant pressure and constant speed to extrude the movable rock slag.

[0012] Since the movable rock chips are mainly accumulated in front and below the cutter disc material to be sharpened under the effect of gravity, the cutter disc material to be sharpened, the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket are subjected to obvious lower eccentric load characteristics under the action of the thrust and squeezing of the cylinder, that is, the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket have obvious eccentric load and flipping risks, which can easily cause the main shaft of the motor and the piston rod of the cylinder to be subjected to bending loads, thereby causing the failure of the motor and the cylinder. In order to overcome the eccentric load and flipping problems of the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket, the device further includes a plurality of circumferential support balls and two upper and lower guide rails, wherein the circumferential support balls are installed in the grooves of the guide rails, and the circumferential support balls can roll in the corresponding grooves but will not fall off or fall out of the grooves of the guide rails; three rows of circumferential support balls are arranged on each guide rail in the axial direction, and the upper and lower guide rails and the circumferential support balls thereon are symmetrically distributed to ensure the effectiveness of restraining the anti-rollover bracket and the load balance, and the circumferential support balls are arranged in the axial direction of each guide rail ... The supporting balls have circumferential positioning and axial guiding effects on the anti-rollover bracket; the number of the circumferential supporting balls in each column along the axial direction on the guide rail is determined by the axial length of the anti-rollover bracket; the guide rail confines the anti-rollover bracket within a limited space through the circumferential supporting balls, that is, the anti-rollover bracket will not overturn after being overloaded due to the circumferential restriction of the guide rail, and the guide rail can balance the overload of the movable rock debris, so that the bending caused by the overload will not be transmitted to the motor and the cylinder, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the device.

[0013] The axial support balls and the circumferential support balls both need to be lubricated to reduce the friction between the contact parts, and the lubrication method can be grease lubrication or oil drip lubrication.

[0014] The filter screen is a semi-cylindrical mesh structure as a whole, with uniform mesh holes of equal size inside. The movable rock debris after being worn and broken can fall from under the mesh holes to the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt will transport the ground rock debris to the rock debris collector.

[0015] The sides of the face platform, the cutter disc material to be sharpened, the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket are all cylindrical, and the cutter disc material to be sharpened is consistent with the real cutter disc material of the tunnel boring machine; the front end surface of the cutter disc system is in the shape of a recessed circular hole, which is convenient for the cutter disc material to be sharpened to be embedded therein, and there is a clearance fit between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the cutter disc system; the cutter disc material to be sharpened is positioned and locked on the cutter disc system by three bolts, and the bolts have evenly distributed scales, so that the depth of screwing in can be observed; when installing the cutter disc material to be sharpened, first embed the cutter disc material to be sharpened into the recessed circular hole of the cutter disc system, and then screw the two bolts at the bottom, The screwing depth is the gap value between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the cutter disc system, and the corresponding gap value is obtained by dividing the diameter difference between the recessed circular hole diameter of the cutter disc system and the cutter disc material to be sharpened by two; finally, the top bolt is screwed in, and the screwing depth is also the gap value between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the cutter disc system; then, a torque wrench is used to screw the three bolts in again to a small depth in turn, and the final torque value of the torque wrench is ensured to be the same, so as to ensure that the cutter disc material to be sharpened is in the middle area of ​​the cutter disc system and plays a tightening role; when determining the final torque value of the torque wrench, it is necessary to ensure that the bolt does not undergo plastic deformation.

[0016] The opening and closing of the container valve and the opening time are controlled by the feedback of the sensor and the electronic control unit; before the experiment starts, the opening and closing of the container valve can be manually and actively controlled by the electronic control unit during the overall slag feeding. After the slag is injected, the discharge and slag injection during the wear process of the cutter disc material to be ground and the movable rock slag are automatically controlled by the sensor feedback and the electronic control unit; when the movable rock slag falls after being ground, causing the overall rock slag accumulation height to be lower than a certain height range, the sensor will monitor the rock slag height change value and transmit the signal to the electronic control unit, and the electronic control unit will control the container valve, and the container valve It will open for a certain period of time to release and replenish a certain amount of fresh movable rock slag. After the required cumulative height is reached, the sensor senses the corresponding rock slag height and feeds back the signal to the electronic control switchboard to control the container valve to automatically close and stop discharging and slag injection. After the experiment, the electronic control switchboard can also be manually controlled to open and close the container valve, so that the remaining movable rock slag in the rock slag container can all fall into the filter and be manually removed. In order to improve the universality of the experimental device, during the entire experimental process, the container valve can be manually controlled to open and close and its opening time through the electronic control switchboard to achieve manual feeding.

[0017] The electronic control unit can control, display and record the axial thrust and axial movement speed of the cylinder, and can also control, display and record the rotation speed and torque of the motor; the electronic control unit can display and record the temperature field monitored by the camera and the movement law of the movable slag. At the same time, the electronic control unit can also control the opening and closing and opening time of the container valve according to the slag accumulation situation fed back by the sensor, thereby controlling the slag input amount.

[0018] During the experiment, the oil cylinder pushes the cutter disc material to be sharpened to squeeze the movable rock slag, and the motor drives the cutter disc material to be sharpened to rotate, thereby realizing secondary friction and wear between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the movable rock slag; the generated eccentric load and overturning effects are overcome and balanced by the guide rail and the circumferential support balls, and the subsequent feeding of the movable rock slag is intelligently controlled by the sensor, the container valve and the electronic control switchboard to complete the secondary wear test of the cutter disc system.

[0019] The test method involved in the wear test device comprises the following steps:

[0020] (1) First, the cutter disc material to be sharpened is weighed and its external morphology is scanned to obtain the initial weight and three-dimensional morphology of the cutter disc material to be sharpened.

[0021] (2) Then, the cutter disc material to be sharpened is embedded into the recessed circular hole of the cutter disc system, and the two bolts located below the cutter disc system are screwed in to a depth equal to the gap between the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the cutter disc system; then the screw at the top of the cutter disc system is screwed in to the same depth to complete the positioning of the cutter disc material to be sharpened; then, the cutter disc material to be sharpened is tightened by using a torque wrench to tighten the bolts in sequence to a certain torque value, and the pre-tightening torques of the three bolts are the same to ensure that the cutter disc material to be sharpened is in the middle area of ​​the cutter disc system and that the bolts do not undergo plastic deformation.

[0022] (3) Insert one end of the filter into the arc-shaped groove at the lower end of the face platform, and place the other end on the support member. By adjusting the height of the support member, the small gap between the cutter head system and the filter screen is controlled to ensure that the movable rock debris cannot slip out of the small gap.

[0023] (4) A sufficient amount of the movable rock slag is placed in the rock slag container, the electronic control unit is turned on, and the oil cylinder is controlled by the electronic control unit to push the cutterhead system and the cutterhead material to be sharpened, so that the face platform, the filter screen and the cutterhead material to be sharpened form a wrapping area.

[0024] (5) According to the required height of the movable slag accumulation, the position of the sensor is adjusted; the valve of the container is opened by the electronic control unit, and the movable slag falls and accumulates. When the movable slag reaches the sensing height of the sensor, the valve of the container is automatically closed to complete the slag feeding.

[0025] (6) The electric control unit is used to start the motor and the conveyor belt at the same time, and according to the constant pressure set by the oil cylinder, the cutter disc material to be sharpened starts to rotate and squeeze the movable rock slag under the drive of the cutter disc system, so that the cutter disc material to be sharpened and the movable rock slag undergo secondary friction and wear; at the same time, the electric control unit starts to collect data from the oil cylinder, the motor and the camera, and saves the data automatically.

[0026] (7) During the wear test, the movable rock slag will be continuously ground and fall from the filter screen onto the conveyor belt. As the accumulation height of the movable rock slag decreases, the sensor can sense the change in the height of the movable rock slag and transmit the signal to the container valve and the electronic control switchboard. The container valve determines its opening and closing time according to the movable rock slag height value, thereby completing the automatic slag feeding during the wear test.

[0027] (8) When the specified test time is reached, the motor automatically stops rotating, and the oil cylinder is controlled by the electronic control unit to make the cutter disc material to be sharpened retreat. After reaching a certain retreat distance, data collection is stopped, and the data is saved and exported; the bolts are removed, and the cutter disc material to be sharpened is removed, and then the cutter disc material to be sharpened is weighed, and the wear surface of the cleaned cutter disc material to be sharpened is scanned in three dimensions.

[0028] (9) Control the electronic control unit, open the container valve, put all the remaining movable rock debris into the filter, shut down the whole machine, remove the filter, pour the movable rock debris on the filter into the rock debris collector, and clean up the rock debris on the conveyor belt.

[0029] (10) Statistically process the data collected by the motor, the cylinder and the camera, and analyze the difference in the initial and worn morphological states of the cutter disc material to be sharpened, determine the secondary wear mechanism of the cutter disc material to be sharpened under different thrusts, moving speeds, rotation speeds and torques of the cutter disc system, and provide a basis for the secondary wear prediction and anti-wear design of the cutter disc system of the tunnel boring machine.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can realize the friction and wear test of the cutter head system under the movable rock slag. The wear environment and wear conditions of the cutter head of the material to be ground are consistent with the actual cutter head, which can effectively test and explore the "secondary wear" mechanism of the cutter head system. At the same time, the wear test device also has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) Through the axial support ball and guide rail restriction constraints, the off-center load effect on the cutter head system caused by the accumulation of movable rock slag can be overcome, the off-center load flipping imbalance of the cutter head system and the anti-rollover bracket can be prevented, and the bending deformation failure of the motor and the oil cylinder can be avoided, thereby ensuring that the cutter head material to be ground can successfully complete the "secondary wear" test experiment;

[0032] (2) The installation and disassembly of the disc material to be sharpened is simple and convenient, and it is easy to position and fasten. The machining accuracy requirements for the disc material to be sharpened are not high, which greatly reduces the experimental cost;

[0033] (3) The device uses axial support balls to transmit the thrust of the cutter disc system, ensuring that the cutter disc system is loaded evenly while reducing the wear between the cutter disc system and the anti-rollover bracket; the use of circumferential support balls can overcome the eccentric load effect and reduce the circumferential friction of the cutter disc system;

[0034] (4) A sensor is used to sense the height of the rock slag and the opening and closing of the container valve is intelligently controlled by the electronic control unit to realize automatic slag feeding, thereby improving the automation level of the experiment. At the same time, the implementation of the experiment and the experimental data are all controlled by the electronic control unit. The experimental process and operation are simple. The experimental measured data include the wear amount, wear morphology, wear temperature, rock slag characteristics, cutter head system torque, cutter head speed, cutter head thrust and cutter head movement speed, which makes the test data comprehensive and can comprehensively evaluate and judge the "secondary wear" mechanism of the cutter head material in the cutter head system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test device involved in the present invention;

[0036] Attached Figure 2 For attachment Figure 1 Side view of AA surface in;

[0037] Attached Figure 3 For attachment Figure 1 BB side view in;

[0038] Attached Figure 4 For attachment Figure 1 Side view of CC surface in;

[0039] Attached Figure 5 For attachment Figure 1 A local enlarged view of the X region in FIG.

[0040] Attached Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overturning deformation of the cutter disc system and the anti-overturn bracket caused by the off-center load on the cutter disc material to be sharpened;

[0041] Attached Figure 7It is a force diagram of the cutter head system and the anti-rollover bracket restoring balance under the constraint of the circumferential support ball;

[0042] In the attached figure: 1-face platform, 2-sensor, 3-camera, 4-rock slag container, 5-container valve, 6-movable rock slag, 7-cutting disc material to be sharpened, 8-bolts, 9-cutting disc system, 10-axial support ball, 11-axis X, 12-coupling, 13-circumferential support ball, 14-guide rail, 15-anti-rollover bracket, 16-bearing, 17-motor, 18-cylinder, 19-rock slag collector, 20-conveyor belt, 21-support, 22-filter, 23-electronic control switchboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] As attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown, a secondary wear test device for a cutterhead system of a tunnel boring machine consists of a face platform 1, a sensor 2, a camera 3, a slag container 4, a container valve 5, movable slag 6, cutterhead material to be sharpened 7, bolts 8, a cutterhead system 9, axial support balls 10, an axis X11, a coupling 12, circumferential support balls 13, a guide rail 14, an anti-rollover bracket 15, a bearing 16, a motor 17, a cylinder 18, a slag collector 19, a conveyor belt 20, a support 21, a filter screen 22, and an electronic control switchboard 23.

[0045] As attached Figure 1As shown, a face platform 1 is fixed on the ground, a camera 3 is installed at the front end of the face platform 1, and a sensor 2 is installed at the front end of the face platform 1. At the same time, a slag container 4 is connected to the top of the face platform, and movable slag 6 is installed in the slag container 4. A container valve 5 is installed at the opening below the slag container 4; the movable slag 6 can fall from the opened container valve 5 to the filter screen 22 under the action of gravity; the opening and closing of the container valve 5 and the opening time can control the falling of the slag and the amount of slag falling. The camera 3 can monitor the interaction behavior between the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the movable slag 6. Local monitoring or overall range monitoring can be performed through focusing and zooming. The monitoring content includes the moving trajectory of the slag, the temperature of the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the movable slag 6 The movement trajectory of the slag mainly refers to the dynamic spatial coordinates of the slag as time goes by, and the corresponding coordinates can generate the movement trajectory; the temperature field distribution characteristics mainly refer to the temperature values ​​of different points in the monitoring area that change with time; the sensor 2 can monitor the accumulation height of the movable slag 6, and preferably, the sensor 2 can sense the accumulation height of the slag ultrasonically or by laser; the position of the sensor 2 can be raised and lowered according to the required accumulation height of the movable slag 6; considering that the sensor 2 should be easy to raise and lower and adjust its position, preferably, the connection between the sensor 2 and the face platform 1 adopts a magnetic suction type; the interior of the slag container 4 is ensured to be relatively smooth to ensure that the movable slag 6 can slide down smoothly.

[0046] A semicircular groove is provided below the front end of the face platform 1, and the side surface of the filter screen 22 is also semicircular, which can be inserted into the semicircular groove at the lower end of the face platform 1 to achieve the connection between the face platform 1 and the filter screen 22. The depth of the groove is determined by being able to constrain the filter screen 22, and is generally preferably 10 to 20 mm. The filter screen 22 can also be directly pulled out of the semicircular groove to complete the disassembly. A support member 21 is provided below the right end of the filter screen 22 to prevent the filter screen 22 from being crushed or bent by the weight of the movable rock slag 6. The support member 21 can be adjusted up and down to change the small gap between the filter screen 22 and the cutter head system 9.

[0047] The cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is installed on the cutter disc system 9, and the middle of the back of the cutter disc system 9 is connected to the axis X11; a through hole is opened in the central area of ​​the left end of the anti-rollover bracket 15, so that the axis X11 can pass through the through hole, and the axis X11 and the anti-rollover bracket 15 maintain an appropriate gap with each other, and there is no friction contact between each other; the rear end of the axis X11 is connected to the coupling 12, and the coupling 12 is connected to the main shaft of the motor 17, and the main shaft of the motor 17 is sleeved with a bearing 16, and the motor 17 is interference-connected with the inner ring of the bearing 16, and the outer ring of the bearing 16 is connected to the anti-rollover bracket 15; the motor 17 can be continuously variable, and the motor 17 can be reversed; the coupling 12 can only transmit torque but not axial power, which can prevent the axial force on the cutter disc system 9 from being transmitted to the motor 17, causing damage to the motor 17; the motor 17 is fixed on the anti-rollover bracket 15, and the inside of the anti-rollover bracket 15 It is a hollow structure, and bearings 16 and motors 17 can be installed. A plurality of axial support balls 10 are installed between the anti-rollover bracket 15 and the cutter disc system 9. The axial support balls 10 are embedded in the cavity at the front end of the anti-rollover bracket 15, and can roll in the cavity but will not fall off or fall out of the cavity at the front end of the anti-rollover bracket 15. The axial support balls 10 are responsible for transmitting the axial force between the cutter disc system 9 and the anti-rollover bracket 15, and converting the friction between the cutter disc system 9 and the anti-rollover bracket 15 into rolling friction, reducing the friction resistance between the two, and facilitating the motor 17 to drive the cutter disc system 9 and the cutter disc material 7 to be ground to rotate. A plurality of axial support balls 10 are arranged in a cross form on the anti-rollover bracket 15, and the axial support balls 10 are evenly radially arranged along the radial direction of the anti-rollover bracket 15 to ensure that the anti-rollover bracket 15 and the cutter disc system 9 are evenly loaded, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown; preferably, the axial support ball 10 is made of super wear-resistant material to facilitate long-term pressure and rolling friction, thereby improving the service life of the equipment; the number of axial support balls 10 is determined according to the diameter of the cutter disc system 9 to ensure that the cutter disc system 9 is evenly loaded and the strength of each component meets the use requirements.

[0048] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 As shown, the face platform 1, the filter screen 22 and the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened form a wrapping area to store and pile up the movable rock debris 6; the right end of the filter screen 22 partially wraps the cutter disc system 9, and the small gap between the filter screen 22 and the cutter disc system 9 can be adjusted by raising and lowering the support member 21 to ensure that the movable rock debris 6 does not slip out of the gap.

[0049] The back center area of ​​the anti-rollover bracket 15 is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 18, and the cylinder 18 is fixedly connected to the ground; the axial movement of the anti-rollover bracket 15 is achieved by pushing and pulling the piston rod of the cylinder 18, thereby driving the axial contact and separation between the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the movable rock slag 6; the cylinder 18 can achieve constant pressure and constant speed to extrude the movable rock slag 6, and the axial stroke of the piston rod of the cylinder 18 meets the wear test experiments with different rock slag amounts.

[0050] Because the movable rock slag 6 is mainly accumulated in front of the cutter disc material 7 under the influence of gravity, the cutter disc material 7, the cutter disc system 9 and the anti-turnover bracket 15 are subjected to obvious lower partial load characteristics under the thrust and extrusion of the oil cylinder 18. Figure 6 As shown ( Figure 6 Only the deformation of the anti-rollover bracket is shown in the figure), that is, the cutter disc system 9 and the anti-rollover bracket 15 have obvious overturning risk of eccentric load, which can easily cause the main shaft of the motor 17 and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 18 to bear bending load, thereby causing the failure of the motor 17 and the oil cylinder 18. In order to overcome the overturning problem of the cutter disc system 9 and the anti-rollover bracket 15, the device further includes a plurality of circumferential support balls 13 and two upper and lower guide rails 14, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 and attached Figure 7 As shown, the circumferential support balls 13 are installed in the grooves of the guide rails 14. The circumferential support balls 13 can roll in the corresponding grooves but will not fall off or fall out of the guide rail grooves; three rows of circumferential support balls 13 are arranged on each guide rail 14 along the axial direction, and the upper and lower guide rails 14 and the circumferential support balls 13 thereon are symmetrically distributed to ensure the effectiveness and load balance of the restraining anti-rollover bracket 15, and the circumferential support balls 13 have circumferential positioning and axial guiding effects on the anti-rollover bracket 15; the number of circumferential support balls 13 in each row along the axial direction on the guide rail 14 is determined by the number of the anti-rollover bracket 15 The axial length is determined by the guide rail 14; the guide rail 14 confines the anti-rollover bracket 15 in a limited space through the circumferential support balls 13. The circumferential support balls 13 generate a restraining force to form a reverse equilibrium bending moment, that is, the anti-rollover bracket 15 will not flip over after being overloaded due to the circumferential restriction of the guide rail 14. The guide rail 14 can balance the overload of the movable rock slag 6, so that the bending caused by the overload will not be transmitted to the motor 17 and the cylinder 18, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the device; preferably, the circumferential support balls 13 are made of super wear-resistant material, which is convenient for long-term pressure and rolling friction, thereby improving the service life of the equipment.

[0051] Both the axial support balls 10 and the circumferential support balls 13 need to be lubricated to reduce the friction between the contact parts. The lubrication method can be grease lubrication or oil drip lubrication.

[0052] The filter screen 22 is a semi-cylindrical mesh structure as a whole. Figure 4As shown, there are uniform mesh holes of equal size inside, and the movable rock slag 6 that has been worn and broken can fall from under the mesh holes to the conveyor belt 20. The conveyor belt 20 rotates at a constant speed and can transport the ground rock slag to the rock slag collector 19; preferably, the material of the filter screen 22 can be steel wire or hard plastic, which has a certain rigidity and hardness; after the filter screen 22 is subjected to the weight of the movable rock slag 6, it should still maintain a cylindrical shape under the support of the support member 21, and the mesh size of the filter screen 22 is generally preferably set at around 5 mm.

[0053] The sides of the face platform 1, the cutterhead material 7, the cutterhead system 9 and the anti-rollover bracket 15 are all cylindrical. The cutterhead material 7 is consistent with the real cutterhead material of the tunnel boring machine. Figure 2 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the front end surface of the cutter disc system 9 is in the shape of a concave circular hole, which is convenient for the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened to be embedded therein. There is a clearance fit between the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the cutter disc system 9. As a preferred embodiment, the clearance is generally controlled at 1 to 3 mm, which can provide more processing allowance for the size processing of the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened, and reduce the processing accuracy and processing cost of the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened; the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is positioned and locked on the cutter disc system 9 by three bolts 8, and the bolts 8 are evenly distributed with scales, and the screwing depth can be observed; when installing the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened, first embed the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened into the concave circular hole of the cutter disc system 9, and then screw the two bolts 8 at the bottom. , the screwing depth is the gap value between the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the cutter disc system 9, and the corresponding gap value is obtained by dividing the diameter difference between the recessed circular hole diameter of the cutter disc system 9 and the diameter of the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened by two; finally, tighten the top bolt 8, and the screwing depth is also the gap value between the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the cutter disc system 9; then use the torque wrench to screw the three bolts 8 into a small depth again in turn, and ensure that the final torque value of the torque wrench is the same, so as to ensure that the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is in the middle area of ​​the cutter disc system 9 and plays a tightening role; when determining the final torque value of the torque wrench, ensure that the bolt 8 does not undergo plastic deformation.

[0054] The opening and closing of the container valve 5 and the opening time are controlled by the feedback of the sensor 2 and the electronic control switchboard 23; before the experiment starts, the opening and closing of the container valve 5 can be manually and actively controlled by the electronic control switchboard 23 during the overall slag feeding. After the slag is injected, the discharge and slag injection during the wear process of the cutter disc material 7 and the movable rock slag 6 are automatically controlled by the feedback of the sensor 2 and the electronic control switchboard 23; when the movable rock slag 6 falls after being ground, causing the overall rock slag accumulation height to be lower than a certain height range, the sensor 2 will monitor the change value of the rock slag height and transmit the signal to the electronic control switchboard 23, and the electronic control switchboard 23 will control the container valve 5, and the container valve 5 will be opened for a certain period of time to release and replenish a certain amount of new After the fresh movable rock slag 6 reaches the required cumulative height, the sensor 2 senses the corresponding rock slag height and feeds back the signal to the electronic control switchboard 23 to control the container valve 5 to automatically close and stop discharging and slag injection; the sensor 2 can sense by ultrasonic sensing, laser sensing or image recognition; after the experiment, the electronic control switchboard 23 can also be manually controlled to open and close the container valve 5, so that the residual movable rock slag 6 in the rock slag container 4 can all fall into the filter 22 and be manually removed; in order to improve the universality of the experimental device, during the entire experiment, the container valve 5 can be manually controlled to open and close and its opening time through the electronic control switchboard 23 to realize manual feeding;

[0055] The electronic control switchboard 23 can control, display and record the axial thrust and axial movement speed of the cylinder 18, and can also control, display and record the speed and torque of the motor 17; the electronic control switchboard 23 can display and record the temperature field monitored by the camera 3 and the movement law of the movable slag 6. At the same time, the electronic control switchboard 23 can also control the opening and closing and opening time of the container valve 5 according to the slag accumulation situation feedback from the sensor 2, thereby controlling the slag input amount.

[0056] During the experiment, the oil cylinder 18 pushes the cutter disc material 7 to squeeze the movable rock slag 6, and the motor 17 drives the cutter disc material 7 to rotate, so as to realize the secondary friction wear between the cutter disc material 7 and the movable rock slag 6; the generated eccentric load and overturning effect are overcome and balanced by the guide rail 14 and the circumferential support ball 10, and the subsequent feeding of the movable rock slag 6 is intelligently controlled by the sensor 2, the container valve 5 and the electronic control switchboard 23, so as to complete the secondary wear test of the cutter disc system.

[0057] The test method involved in the wear test device comprises the following steps:

[0058] (1) First, the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is weighed and its external morphology is scanned to obtain the initial weight and three-dimensional morphology of the cutter disc material to be sharpened.

[0059] (2) Then, the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is embedded into the recessed circular hole of the cutter disc system 9, and the two bolts 8 located below the cutter disc system 9 are screwed in to a depth equal to the gap between the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the cutter disc system 9; then the spiral 8 at the top of the cutter disc system 9 is screwed in to the same depth to complete the positioning of the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened; then, the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is tightened by using a torque wrench to tighten the bolts 8 in sequence to a certain torque value. The pre-tightening torques of the three bolts 8 are the same to ensure that the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is in the middle area of ​​the cutter disc system 9 and that the bolts 8 do not undergo plastic deformation.

[0060] (3) Insert one end of the filter screen 22 into the arc-shaped groove at the lower end of the tunnel face platform 1, and place the other end on the support member 21. By adjusting the height of the support member 21, the small gap between the cutterhead system 9 and the filter screen 22 is controlled to ensure that the movable rock debris 6 cannot slip out of the small gap.

[0061] (4) A sufficient amount of movable rock slag 6 is placed in the rock slag container 4, and the electronic control switchboard 23 is turned on. The oil cylinder 18 is controlled by the electronic control switchboard 23 to push the cutterhead system 9 and the cutterhead material to be sharpened 7, so that the face platform 1, the filter screen 22 and the cutterhead material to be sharpened 7 form a wrapped area.

[0062] (5) According to the required stacking height of the movable slag 6, the position of the sensor 2 is adjusted; the container valve 5 is opened through the electronic control switchboard 23, and the movable slag 6 falls and accumulates. When it reaches the sensing height of the sensor 2, the container valve 5 is automatically closed, and the slag feeding is completed.

[0063] (6) Using the electronic control unit 23, the motor 17 and the conveyor belt 20 are started simultaneously, and according to the constant pressure set by the oil cylinder 18, the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened starts to rotate and squeeze the movable rock slag 6 under the drive of the cutter disc system 9, so that the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened and the movable rock slag 6 undergo secondary friction and wear; at the same time, the electronic control unit 23 starts to collect data from the oil cylinder 18, the motor 17 and the camera 3, and automatically saves the data.

[0064] (7) During the wear test, the movable rock slag 6 will be continuously ground and fall from the filter screen 22 onto the conveyor belt 20. As the accumulation height of the movable rock slag 6 decreases, the sensor 2 can sense the height change of the movable rock slag 6 and transmit the signal to the container valve 5 and the electronic control switchboard 23. The container valve 5 determines its opening and closing time according to the height value of the movable rock slag 6, thereby completing the automatic slag feeding during the wear test.

[0065] (8) When the specified test time is reached, the motor 17 automatically stops rotating, and the oil cylinder 18 is controlled by the electronic control unit 23 to make the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened retreat. After reaching a certain retreat distance, the data collection is stopped, and the data is saved and exported; the bolts 8 are removed, and the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is removed, and then the cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is weighed, and the wear surface of the cleaned cutter disc material 7 to be sharpened is scanned in three dimensions.

[0066] (9) Control the electronic control unit 23, open the container valve 5, put all the remaining movable rock debris 6 into the filter screen 22, shut down the whole machine, remove the filter screen 22, and pour the movable rock debris 6 on the filter screen 22 into the rock debris collector 19, and clean the rock debris on the conveyor belt 20.

[0067] (10) The data collected by the motor 17, the cylinder 18 and the camera 3 are statistically processed, and the difference in the initial and worn morphological states of the cutter disc material 7 is analyzed to determine the secondary wear mechanism of the cutter disc material 7 under different thrusts, moving speeds, rotation speeds and torques of the cutter disc system, so as to provide a basis for the secondary wear prediction and anti-wear design of the cutter disc system of the tunnel boring machine.

[0068] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those familiar with the art, it is easy to modify other structural designs and test methods of the present invention. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown here.

Claims

1. A secondary wear test device for a cutterhead system of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It is composed of a face platform (1), a sensor (2), a camera (3), a slag container (4), a container valve (5), movable slag (6), a cutter head material to be sharpened (7), bolts (8), a cutter head system (9), axial support balls (10), an axis X (11), a coupling (12), circumferential support balls (13), a guide rail (14), an anti-turnover bracket (15), a bearing (16), a motor (17), an oil cylinder (18), a slag collector (19), a conveyor belt (20), a support member (21), a filter screen (22), and an electronic control switchboard (23); A face platform (1) is fixed on the ground, a camera (3) is installed at the front end of the face platform (1), and a sensor (2) is installed at the front end of the face platform (1). At the same time, a slag container (4) is connected to the top of the face platform, and movable slag (6) is installed in the slag container (4). A container valve (5) is installed at the opening below the slag container (4); the movable slag (6) can fall from the opened container valve (5) to the filter screen (22) under the action of gravity; the opening and closing of the container valve (5) and the opening time can control the falling of the slag and the amount of the slag falling; The cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is installed on the cutter disc system (9), and the middle of the back of the cutter disc system (9) is connected to the axis X (11); a through hole is opened in the central area of ​​the left end of the anti-turnover bracket (15), and the axis X (11) and the anti-turnover bracket (15) have an appropriate gap between each other; the rear end of the axis X (11) is connected to the coupling (12), and the coupling (12) is connected to the main shaft of the motor (17), and the main shaft of the motor (17) is sleeved with a bearing (16), and the motor (17) is connected to the inner ring of the bearing (16) by interference fit, and the outer ring of the bearing (16) is connected to the anti-turnover bracket (15). The coupling (12) can only transmit torque but not axial power; the motor (17) is fixed on the anti-rollover bracket (15), and the interior of the anti-rollover bracket (15) is a hollow structure, and the bearing (16) and the motor (17) can be installed; a plurality of axial support balls (10) are installed between the anti-rollover bracket (15) and the cutter head system (9); the axial support balls (10) are responsible for transmitting the axial force between the cutter head system (9) and the anti-rollover bracket (15); a plurality of circumferential support balls (13) are installed between the anti-rollover bracket (15) and the upper and lower guide rails (14); The back center area of ​​the anti-rollover bracket (15) is connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder (18), and the oil cylinder (18) is fixedly connected to the ground; the axial movement of the anti-rollover bracket (15) is achieved by pushing and pulling the piston rod of the oil cylinder (18); The electronic control unit (23) can control, display and record the axial thrust and axial movement speed of the oil cylinder (18), and can also control, display and record the rotation speed and torque of the motor (17); the electronic control unit (23) can display and record the temperature field monitored by the camera (3) and the movement pattern of the movable slag (6).

2. A secondary wear test device for a cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor (2) can monitor the stacking height of the movable rock slag (6), and the position of the sensor (2) can be raised or lowered according to the required stacking height of the movable rock slag (6). The sensor (2) and the face platform (1) can be connected in a magnetic way.

3. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A semicircular groove is provided below the front end of the face platform (1), and the side surface of the filter screen (22) is also semicircular, so that the filter screen (22) can be inserted into the semicircular groove at the lower end of the face platform (1) to achieve the connection between the face platform (1) and the filter screen (22); the filter screen (22) can also be directly pulled out of the semicircular groove to complete the disassembly; a support member (21) is provided below the right end of the filter screen (22) to prevent the filter screen (22) from being crushed by the weight of the movable rock slag (6), and the support member (21) can be adjusted up and down; the face platform (1), the filter screen (22) and the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened form a wrapping area to store and pile up the movable rock slag (6); the right end of the filter screen (22) partially wraps the cutter disc system (9), and the small gap between the filter screen (22) and the cutter disc system (9) can be adjusted by lifting and lowering the support member (21) to ensure that the movable rock slag (6) does not slip out of the gap.

4. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial support ball (10) is embedded in the cavity at the front end of the anti-rollover bracket (15), and can roll in the cavity but will not fall off or escape from the cavity at the front end of the anti-rollover bracket (15); a plurality of axial support balls (10) are arranged in a cross form on the anti-rollover bracket (15), and the axial support balls (10) are evenly arranged radially along the radial direction of the anti-rollover bracket (15), ensuring that the anti-rollover bracket (15) and the cutter disc system (9) are evenly loaded; the number of axial support balls (10) is determined according to the diameter of the cutter disc system (9), ensuring that the cutter disc system (9) is evenly loaded and the strength of each component meets the use requirements.

5. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential support balls (13) are installed in the grooves of the guide rails (14). The circumferential support balls (13) can roll in the corresponding grooves but will not fall off or fall out of the grooves of the guide rails. Three rows of circumferential support balls (13) are arranged along the axial direction on each guide rail (14), and the upper and lower guide rails (14) and the circumferential support balls (13) thereon are symmetrically distributed to ensure the effectiveness of restraining the anti-rollover bracket (15) and the load balance. Each row of circumferential support balls (13) along the axial direction on the guide rail (14) The number of the circumferential support balls (13) is determined by the axial length of the anti-rollover bracket (15); the guide rail (14) confines the anti-rollover bracket (15) within a limited space through the circumferential support balls (13); the circumferential support balls (13) generate a restraining force to form a reverse balancing bending moment; the guide rail (14) can balance the eccentric load of the movable rock slag (6), so that the bending caused by the eccentric load will not be transmitted to the motor (17) and the cylinder (18), thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the device.

6. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen (22) has uniform mesh holes of equal size inside, and the movable rock slag (6) that has been worn and broken can fall from under the mesh holes to the conveyor belt (20). The conveyor belt (20) rotates at a constant speed and can transport the ground rock slag to the rock slag collector (19); after the filter screen (22) is subjected to the weight of the movable rock slag (6), it should still maintain a cylindrical shape under the support of the support member (21).

7. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sides of the face platform (1), the cutter disc material to be sharpened (7), the cutter disc system (9) and the anti-rollover bracket (15) are all cylindrical. The cutter disc material to be sharpened (7) is consistent with the real cutter disc material of the tunnel boring machine. The front end surface of the cutter disc system (9) is in the shape of a concave circular hole, which is convenient for the cutter disc material to be sharpened (7) to be embedded therein. There is a clearance fit between the cutter disc material to be sharpened (7) and the cutter disc system (9). The cutter disc material to be sharpened (7) is positioned and locked on the cutter disc system (9) by three bolts (8). The bolts (8) have evenly distributed scales, and the depth of screwing in can be observed.

8. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing of the container valve (5) and the opening time are controlled by the feedback of the sensor (2) and the electronic control switchboard (23); before the experiment begins, the opening and closing of the container valve (5) can be manually and actively controlled by the electronic control switchboard (23) during the overall slag feeding. After the slag is injected, the discharge and slag injection during the wear process of the cutter disc material (7) and the movable rock slag (6) are automatically controlled by the feedback of the sensor (2) and the electronic control switchboard (23); when the movable rock slag (6) falls after being ground, causing the overall rock slag accumulation height to be lower than a certain height range, the sensor (2) will monitor the change in the rock slag height and transmit the signal to the container valve (5), and the container valve (5) will open for a certain time. , release and replenish a certain amount of fresh movable rock slag (6). When the required cumulative height is reached, the sensor (2) senses the corresponding rock slag height and feeds back a signal to the electronic control switchboard (23), controlling the container valve (5) to automatically close and stop releasing and injecting slag; after the experiment is over, the electronic control switchboard (23) can also be manually controlled to open and close the container valve (5), so that the residual movable rock slag (6) in the rock slag container (4) can all fall into the filter screen (22) and be finally manually removed; in order to improve the universality of the experimental device, during the entire experimental process, the container valve (5) can be manually controlled to open and close and its opening time through the electronic control switchboard (23) to realize manual feeding.

9. The secondary wear testing device for the cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (17) can be continuously variable in speed, and the motor (17) can rotate forward and reverse; the oil cylinder (18) can achieve constant pressure and constant speed to extrude the movable rock slag (6), and the axial stroke of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (18) meets the wear test experiment of different rock slag amounts.

10. A testing method for a secondary wear testing device for a cutter head system of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) First, the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is weighed and its external morphology is scanned to obtain the initial weight and three-dimensional morphology of the cutter disc material to be sharpened; 2) Then, the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is embedded in the concave circular hole of the cutter disc system (9), and the two bolts (8) located below the cutter disc system (9) are screwed in to a depth equal to the gap value between the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened and the cutter disc system (9); then, the spiral (8) at the top of the cutter disc system (9) is screwed in to the same depth to complete the positioning of the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened; then, the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is tightened by using a torque wrench to tighten the bolts (8) in sequence to a certain torque value, and the pre-tightening torques of the three bolts (8) are all the same, ensuring that the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is in the middle area of ​​the cutter disc system (9), and ensuring that the bolts (8) do not undergo plastic deformation; 3) inserting one end of the filter screen (22) into the arc-shaped groove at the lower end of the face platform (1), and placing the other end on the support member (21), and controlling the small gap between the cutter head system (9) and the filter screen (22) by adjusting the height of the support member (21), so as to ensure that the movable rock debris (6) cannot slip out of the small gap; 4) A sufficient amount of movable rock slag (6) is placed in the rock slag container (4), and the electric control switchboard (23) is turned on. The oil cylinder (18) is controlled by the electric control switchboard (23) to push the cutterhead system (9) and the cutterhead material to be sharpened (7), so that the face platform (1), the filter screen (22) and the cutterhead material to be sharpened (7) form a wrapping area; 5) According to the required stacking height of the movable rock slag (6), the position of the sensor (2) is adjusted; the container valve (5) is opened through the electronic control switchboard (23), and the movable rock slag (6) falls and accumulates. When it reaches the sensing height of the sensor (2), the container valve (5) is automatically closed, and the slag feeding is completed; 6) Using the electronic control switchboard (23), the motor (17) and the conveyor belt (20) are started simultaneously, and according to the constant pressure set by the oil cylinder (18), the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened starts to rotate and squeeze the movable rock slag (6) under the drive of the cutter disc system (9), so that the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened and the movable rock slag (6) undergo secondary friction and wear; at the same time, the electronic control switchboard (23) starts to collect data from the oil cylinder (18), the motor (17) and the camera (3), and automatically saves the data; 7) During the wear test, the movable rock slag (6) will be continuously ground and fall from the filter screen (22) onto the conveyor belt (20). As the pile height of the movable rock slag (6) decreases, the sensor (2) can sense the height change of the movable rock slag (6) and transmit the signal to the container valve (5) and the electronic control switchboard (23). The container valve (5) determines its opening and closing time according to the height value of the movable rock slag (6), thereby completing the automatic slag feeding during the wear test; 8) When the specified test time is reached, the motor (17) automatically stops rotating, and the oil cylinder (18) is controlled by the electronic control unit (23) to make the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened retreat. After reaching a certain retreat distance, data collection is stopped, and the data is saved and exported; the bolts (8) are removed, and the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is removed, and then the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is weighed, and the wear surface of the cleaned cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened is three-dimensionally scanned; 9) Control the electronic control switchboard (23), open the container valve (5), put all the remaining movable rock slag (6) into the filter screen (22), shut down the whole machine, remove the filter screen (22), pour the movable rock slag (6) on the filter screen (22) into the rock slag collector (19), and clean up the rock slag on the conveyor belt (20); 10) Statistically processing the data collected by the motor (17), the cylinder (18) and the camera (3), and analyzing the difference in the initial and worn morphological states of the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened, determining the secondary wear mechanism of the cutter disc material (7) to be sharpened under different thrusts, moving speeds, rotation speeds and torques of the cutter disc system, and providing a basis for the secondary wear prediction and anti-wear design of the cutter disc system of the tunnel boring machine.

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