Rock soil sampling detection device and method for civil engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock soil sampling, and discloses a rock soil sampling detection device and method for civil engineering, the device comprises a platform plate, the top of the platform plate is fixedly connected with a U-shaped plate, the inner side of the U-shaped plate is provided with a sampling mechanism, the bottom of the platform plate is fixedly connected with universal wheels, and the sampling mechanism comprises a frame plate; the frame plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped plate, and a mounting plate is arranged on the inner side of the frame plate. Through the design of the sampling mechanism, during sampling, sampling is carried out by controlling an insertion pipe and a sampling pipe to be inserted into soil, after sampling is completed, soil samples collected in the sampling pipe and the insertion pipe can be rapidly collected by disassembling the sampling pipe and the insertion pipe, and the sampling pipe and the insertion pipe are convenient to use. According to the soil sampling device, continuous sampling can be carried out on soil samples at different depths, the sampling requirements at different depths can be met, a worker can judge the change relation of soil at different depths more easily, and the accuracy is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil sampling, and in particular to a rock and soil sampling detection device and method for civil engineering. Background Art

[0002] Civil engineering is a general term for the science and technology of building various land engineering facilities. Geotechnical sampling is often required in geological exploration activities in civil engineering. Geotechnical sampling refers to the work of obtaining samples required for soil identification of geotechnical characteristics or various indoor tests.

[0003] Patent announcement number CN216386402U discloses a geotechnical sampling and detection device for civil engineering, which includes: a device housing, a plurality of fixed columns are fixedly connected inside the device housing, a first connecting shaft is arranged on the fixed column, a plurality of gear combination structures are fixedly installed on the first connecting shaft, and a first driving motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting shaft; a plurality of movable mechanisms are located inside the device housing, and the movable mechanisms are movably connected to the fixed columns. It has the advantage of being able to sample in layers.

[0004] Although the above device realizes the function of stratified sampling during soil sampling, its overall structure is relatively simple. When sampling, it can only achieve the collection purpose by generally moving the movable mechanism horizontally. The collection steps are not convenient enough, and the distance between the containers for collecting soil is constant. After a single operation, multi-layer synchronous collection starts directly. Correspondingly, when the depth layer spacing of the soil to be collected does not match the spacing between the collection containers of the device, multiple collections are required to meet the requirements. The use is relatively limited. Therefore, a rock and soil sampling and detection device and method for civil engineering are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering.

[0006] The present invention provides a rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering, comprising a platform plate, a U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the platform plate, a sampling mechanism is arranged inside the U-shaped plate, and a universal wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform plate;

[0008] The sampling mechanism includes a frame plate, which is slidably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped plate, a mounting plate is provided on the inner side of the frame plate, connecting rods are fixedly connected on both sides of the mounting plate, and the connecting rods are rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame plate. A mounting head is integrally formed at the bottom of the mounting plate, a sampling tube and a cannula are provided at the bottom of the mounting head, and fixing rings are provided at the top and bottom of the sampling tube, both ends of the sampling tube extend into the interior of the two fixing rings respectively and are connected to the fixing rings by threads, and the mounting head and the cannula extend into the two fixing rings respectively and are connected to the fixing rings by threads.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when sampling is carried out, sampling is carried out by controlling the cannula and the sampling tube to be inserted into the soil. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube and the cannula are disassembled and the soil samples collected inside the sampling tube and the cannula can be quickly collected. This type of collection method can continuously sample soil samples at different depths, which can meet the sampling needs at different depths, and is more conducive to the staff to judge the changing relationship of the soil between different depths with higher accuracy.

[0010] Preferably, the sampling tube includes two first splicing plates, which are fitted together, and the insert tube includes two second splicing plates, which are fitted together.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, assembly is performed by splicing, which is conducive to rapid disassembly.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a drill rod is rotatably connected to one side of the fixing frame, a first motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing frame, and the first motor is fixedly connected to the drill rod via an output shaft.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the drill rod is used to drill holes in hard rock formations.

[0014] Preferably, a second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the frame plate, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear through an output shaft, wherein a second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the connecting rods, and the second bevel gear is arranged at the bottom of the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the first bevel gear rotates to drive the second bevel gear to rotate.

[0016] Preferably, the U-shaped plate is also provided with a control mechanism, which includes an extension plate, the extension plate is fixedly connected to the rear side of the U-shaped plate, the front side of the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate, a square rod and two threaded rods are rotatably connected between the extension plate and the platform plate, the square rod is arranged between the two threaded rods, a counterweight block is slidably connected to the outside of the square rod, the counterweight block is arranged on the top of the frame plate, lifting blocks are arranged on the outside of the two threaded rods, the threaded rod passes through the lifting blocks and is connected to the lifting blocks by threads, and two limit plates are fixedly connected between the extension plate and the platform plate, and the two limit plates respectively pass through the two lifting blocks.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the threaded rod rotates to drive the lifting block to move up and down.

[0018] Preferably, the counterweight block is provided with a first socket on both sides, the front side of the lifting block is fixedly connected to a first auxiliary frame, a first plug plate is slidably connected to the inside of the first auxiliary frame, the first plug plate extends out of the first auxiliary frame, the first plug plate matches the first socket, a rectangular plate is integrally formed on the top of the first auxiliary frame, and a first electric push rod is fixedly connected between the rectangular plate and the first plug plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the first electric push rod pushes and pulls the first plug plate after working.

[0020] Preferably, a second auxiliary frame is fixedly connected to the front side of the counterweight block, the second auxiliary frame is arranged at the bottom of the first auxiliary frame, a control board is slidably connected inside the second auxiliary frame, the control board extends out of the second auxiliary frame, and a second electric push rod is fixedly connected between the control board and the counterweight block.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the second electric push rod pushes and pulls the control panel after working.

[0022] Preferably, a third electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the L-shaped plate, one end of the third electric push rod is fixedly connected to a limiting plate, a positioning hole is opened on the front side of the counterweight block, the limiting plate matches the positioning hole, a positioning plate is fixedly connected to the limiting plate, and the positioning plate passes through the front side wall of the L-shaped plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the third electric push rod pushes the limiting plate after working.

[0024] Preferably, the top of the extension plate is fixedly connected to a support plate, one end of the two threaded rods are rotatably connected to the inner side of the support plate, the outside of the two threaded rods are fixedly connected to pulleys, a belt is provided between the two pulleys, and the two pulleys are connected by the belt, and the top of the support plate is fixedly connected to a third motor, and the third motor is fixedly connected to one end of one of the threaded rods through an output shaft.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the two threaded rods are driven by two pulleys to rotate synchronously.

[0026] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sampling method of a geotechnical sampling and detection device for civil engineering, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S. Rock layer drilling

[0028] Before soil sampling, if there is a hard rock layer in the sampling area, first control the drilling method of the drill rod to break through the rock layer before sampling;

[0029] S. Sampling tube splicing

[0030] The number of sampling tubes is selected according to the sampling depth, and they are spliced ​​together through a fixing ring. The top sampling tube is spliced ​​with the mounting head, and the bottom sampling tube is spliced ​​and assembled with the cannula.

[0031] S. Soil sampling

[0032] Aim the insertion tube at the sampling area and insert it, and control the counterweight to be lifted and dropped continuously, and then hit the frame plate, so that the sampling tube is continuously inserted into the soil for sampling;

[0033] S. Sample removal

[0034] After the sampling tube is controlled to leave the ground, the sampling tube and the insert are removed and separated into two halves, and then the soil samples in the sampling tube and the insert are taken out.

[0035] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] 1. A rock and soil sampling and detection device and method for civil engineering. Through the design of the sampling mechanism, when sampling, sampling is carried out by controlling the cannula and the sampling tube to be inserted into the soil. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube and the cannula are disassembled to quickly collect the soil samples collected inside the sampling tube and the cannula. In addition, this collection method can continuously sample different depths of soil samples, which can meet the sampling needs of different depths, and is more conducive to the staff to judge the changing relationship of the soil between different depths, with higher accuracy.

[0037] 2. A rock and soil sampling and detection device and method for civil engineering. Through the design of the control mechanism, the counterweight block is lifted and then caused to fall freely to form a thrust for the sampling tube and the cannula to enter the soil, so that they can be quickly inserted. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube and the cannula can also be pulled out of the soil. The whole operation does not require much human participation, which is more labor-saving than the traditional manual operation of sampling.

[0038] 3. A rock and soil sampling and detection device and method for civil engineering, wherein the sampling tube and drill rod are independently equipped, and when dealing with sampling areas with harder geology, the drill rod can be flexibly switched to break the harder rock layer before sampling, which can effectively avoid the need for additional sampling and drilling equipment to be operated separately when dealing with sampling of harder bottom layers, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the sampling work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A in the enlarged view;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the figure;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of disassembling the sampling tube in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting block in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the counterweight block in the present invention.

[0046] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. platform plate; 2. U-shaped plate; 3. sampling mechanism; 31. frame plate; 32. mounting plate; 33. connecting rod; 34. mounting head; 35. sampling tube; 351. first splicing plate; 36. cannula; 361. second splicing plate; 37. fixing ring; 38. first bevel gear; 39. second bevel gear; 391. fixing frame; 392. drill rod; 393. first motor; 394. second motor; 4. universal wheel; 5. control mechanism; 51. extension Plate; 52, L-shaped plate; 53, square rod; 54, threaded rod; 55, counterweight block; 56, lifting block; 57, limit plate; 58, first plug hole; 59, first auxiliary frame; 591, first plug plate; 592, first electric push rod; 593, second auxiliary frame; 594, control board; 595, second electric push rod; 596, third electric push rod; 597, limit plate; 598, positioning hole; 599, support plate; 581, pulley; 582, third motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 7 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0048] The present invention discloses a rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering. Figure 1-Figure 7 , including a platform plate 1, a U-shaped plate 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the platform plate 1, a sampling mechanism 3 is arranged inside the U-shaped plate 2, and a universal wheel 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform plate 1;

[0049] The sampling mechanism 3 includes a frame plate 31, which is slidably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped plate 2, a mounting plate 32 is arranged on the inner side of the frame plate 31, connecting rods 33 are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate 32, the connecting rods 33 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame plate 31, a mounting head 34 is integrally formed at the bottom of the mounting plate 32, a sampling tube 35 and a cannula 36 are arranged at the bottom of the mounting head 34, and a fixing ring 37 is arranged at the top and bottom of the sampling tube 35;

[0050] The two ends of the sampling tube 35 extend into the two fixing rings 37 respectively and are connected to the fixing rings 37 by threads, the mounting head 34 and the insertion tube 36 extend into the two fixing rings 37 respectively and are connected to the fixing rings 37 by threads, when sampling is performed, sampling is performed by controlling the insertion tube 36 and the sampling tube 35 to be inserted into the soil, after the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 35 and the insertion tube 36 are disassembled, and the soil samples collected inside the sampling tube 35 and the insertion tube 36 can be quickly collected, and this type of collection method can continuously sample different depths of soil samples, which can meet the sampling needs of different depths, and is more conducive to the staff to judge the changing relationship of the soil between different depths, with higher accuracy.

[0051] The sampling tube 35 includes two first splicing plates 351, which fit each other; the insert tube 36 includes two second splicing plates 361, which fit each other; and the splicing method is used to assemble the sample tube 35, which is convenient for rapid disassembly; a fixing frame 391 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 32, a drill rod 392 is rotatably connected to one side of the fixing frame 391, a first motor 393 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing frame 391, and the first motor 393 is fixedly connected to the drill rod 392 via an output shaft; the drill rod 392 is used for drilling holes in hard rock formations;

[0052] A second motor 394 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame plate 31, and the second motor 394 is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 38 through an output shaft. A second bevel gear 39 is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the connecting rods 33. The second bevel gear 39 is arranged at the bottom of the first bevel gear 38, and the second bevel gear 39 is meshed with the first bevel gear 38. When the first bevel gear 38 rotates, it drives the second bevel gear 39 to rotate.

[0053] A control mechanism 5 is also provided on the U-shaped plate 2, and the control mechanism 5 includes an extension plate 51, which is fixedly connected to the rear side of the U-shaped plate 2, and an L-shaped plate 52 is fixedly connected to the front side of the U-shaped plate 2. A square rod 53 and two threaded rods 54 are rotatably connected between the extension plate 51 and the platform plate 1, respectively. The square rod 53 is arranged between the two threaded rods 54, and a counterweight block 55 is slidably connected to the outside of the square rod 53. The counterweight block 55 is arranged on the top of the frame plate 31. Lifting blocks 56 are arranged outside the two threaded rods 54, and the threaded rod 54 penetrates the lifting blocks 56 and is connected to the lifting blocks 56 by threads. Two limit plates 57 are fixedly connected between the extension plate 51 and the platform plate 1, and the two limit plates 57 penetrate the two lifting blocks 56 respectively. After the threaded rod 54 rotates, it drives the lifting blocks 56 to move up and down;

[0054] The left and right sides of the counterweight block 55 are provided with first plug holes 58, the front side of the lifting block 56 is fixedly connected with a first auxiliary frame 59, the first plug plate 591 is slidably connected inside the first auxiliary frame 59, the first plug plate 591 extends out of the first auxiliary frame 59, the first plug plate 591 matches the first plug hole 58, a rectangular plate is integrally formed on the top of the first auxiliary frame 59, a first electric push rod 592 is fixedly connected between the rectangular plate and the first plug plate 591, and the first electric push rod 592 pushes and pulls the first plug plate 591 after working;

[0055] A second auxiliary frame 593 is fixedly connected to the front side of the counterweight block 55, and the second auxiliary frame 593 is arranged at the bottom of the first auxiliary frame 59. A control plate 594 is slidably connected inside the second auxiliary frame 593, and the control plate 594 extends outside the second auxiliary frame 593. A second electric push rod 595 is fixedly connected between the control plate 594 and the counterweight block 55, and the second electric push rod 595 pushes and pulls the control plate 594 after working. A third electric push rod 596 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the L-shaped plate 52, and a limiting plate 597 is fixedly connected to one end of the third electric push rod 596. A positioning hole 598 is opened on the front side of the counterweight block 55, and the limiting plate 597 matches the positioning hole 598. A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 597, and the positioning plate passes through the front side wall of the L-shaped plate 52. After working, the third electric push rod 596 pushes the limiting plate 597.

[0056] A support plate 599 is fixedly connected to the top of the extension plate 51, one end of the two threaded rods 54 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the support plate 599, the outside of the two threaded rods 54 are fixedly connected to pulleys 581, a belt is provided between the two pulleys 581, the two pulleys 581 are connected by the belt, a third motor 582 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 599, the third motor 582 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the threaded rods 54 through an output shaft, and the two threaded rods 54 rotate synchronously after being transmitted by the two pulleys 581.

[0057] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sampling method for a rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1. Rock layer drilling

[0059] Before soil sampling, if there is a hard rock layer in the sampling area, before sampling, the drill rod 392 is first controlled to drill in to break through the rock layer;

[0060] S2, sampling tube 35 splicing

[0061] The number of sampling tubes 35 is selected according to the sampling depth, and they are spliced ​​together through the fixing ring 37. The top sampling tube 35 is spliced ​​with the mounting head 34, and the bottom sampling tube 35 is spliced ​​and assembled with the cannula 36;

[0062] S3. Soil sampling

[0063] Insert the insert tube 36 into the sampling area, and control the counterweight 55 to be continuously lifted and dropped, and then hit the frame plate 31, so that the sampling tube 35 is continuously inserted into the soil for sampling;

[0064] S4. Sample removal

[0065] After the sampling tube 35 is controlled to leave the ground, the sampling tube 35 and the insertion tube 36 are removed and separated into two halves, and then the soil samples in the sampling tube 35 and the insertion tube 36 are taken out.

[0066] In actual operation, the device is first powered on, and the second motor 394 drives the first bevel gear 38 to rotate after it starts working, and the first bevel gear 38 drives the second bevel gear 39 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 39 drives the connected connecting rod 33 to rotate, and the connecting rod 33 drives the mounting plate 32 to rotate. It can be seen from the above connection relationship that the orientation of the drill rod 392 and the mounting head 34 on the mounting plate 32 can be adjusted respectively in this way. When performing rock and soil sampling, if there is a rock layer with a relatively high hardness, the drill rod 392 can be controlled to be perpendicular to the ground, and then the first motor 393 works and drives the drill rod 392 to rotate. At this time, the counterweight block 55 is placed on the top of the frame plate 31 to form a pressing effect, thereby applying a drilling thrust to the drill rod 392, prompting the drill rod 392 to drill in quickly;

[0067] After the hard bottom layer is drilled through, repeat the above similar operations, make the installation head 34 face directly downward, rotate and screw the fixing ring 37 on the bottom of the installation head 34, and after the two first splicing plates 351 are spliced ​​into a complete sampling tube 35, rotate and screw the sampling tube 35 from the other end of the fixing ring 37, and finally adopt a similar method to install the insert tube 36 at the bottom of the sampling tube 35. After installation, insert the insert tube 36 into the soil for sampling with the insert tube 36 as the entry end;

[0068] During the specific sampling process, after the third motor 582 works, it drives the connected threaded rod 54 to rotate, and this threaded rod 54 drives the external pulley 581 to rotate, and the pulley 581 drives another pulley 581 to rotate through the belt. At this time, the two threaded rods 54 rotate synchronously, and the threaded rod 54 drives the lifting block 56 to lift, and the lifting block 56 drives the first auxiliary frame 59 and the second auxiliary frame 593 to lift. When the first auxiliary frame 59 moves to the position where the first plug plate 591 inside it is at the corresponding position of the first plug hole 58, the first electric push rod 592 works to push the first plug plate 591 to enter the first plug hole 58, and the threaded rod 54 rotates to control the lifting block 56 to rise to a sufficient height, and the first plug plate 591 is controlled to re-enter the first auxiliary frame 59. The counterweight block 55 is affected by gravity to fall freely downward and hit the top of the frame plate 31, so that the counterweight block 55 is controlled to continuously hit the frame plate 31, so that the insertion tube 36 and the sampling tube 35 are knocked into the soil for sampling;

[0069] When sampling is completed, the counterweight block 55 is lifted until the positioning hole 598 thereon is on one side of the limiting plate 597 through the above operation, and the third electric push rod 596 works and pushes the limiting plate 597, prompting the limiting plate 597 to be inserted into the positioning hole 598 to limit and fix the counterweight block 55, and then the lifting block 56 is controlled to descend. The lifting block 56 drives the second auxiliary frame 593 to descend to a height where the control plate 594 inside it can be inserted into the inner side of the frame plate 31. After the second electric push rod 595 works, it pushes the control plate 594. When the control plate 594 is inserted into the inner side of the frame plate 31, the lifting block 56 is controlled to rise. At this time, the control plate 594 pushes the frame plate 31 upward. It can be seen from the above operation that the sampling tube 35 and the insert tube 36 can be pulled upwards at this time. When the lowest insert tube 36 leaves the ground, the insert tube 36 and the sampling tube 35 can be rotated and removed in turn. After removal, the two first splicing plates 351 and the two second splicing plates 361 are disassembled, and the soil samples inside the two first splicing plates 351 and the two second splicing plates 361 can be removed for testing. The above entire sampling and sample removal operation after sampling are simple and convenient, which is conducive to the user to quickly get started. Secondly, the sampled soil samples are continuous, and the user can directly test the samples at different positions to determine the composition of the soil at different depths, which is more accurate.

[0070] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock and soil sampling and testing device for civil engineering, comprising a platform plate (1), characterized in that: A U-shaped plate (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the platform plate (1), a sampling mechanism (3) is arranged inside the U-shaped plate (2), and a universal wheel (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform plate (1); The sampling mechanism (3) comprises a frame plate (31), the frame plate (31) is slidably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped plate (2), a mounting plate (32) is arranged on the inner side of the frame plate (31), connecting rods (33) are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate (32), the connecting rods (33) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame plate (31), a mounting head (34) is integrally formed at the bottom of the mounting plate (32), a sampling tube (35) and a cannula (36) are arranged at the bottom of the mounting head (34), a fixing ring (37) is arranged at the top and bottom of the sampling tube (35), two ends of the sampling tube (35) respectively extend into the inside of two fixing rings (37) and are connected to the fixing rings (37) by threads, and the mounting head (34) and the cannula (36) respectively extend into the two fixing rings (37) and are connected to the fixing rings (37) by threads.

2. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tube (35) comprises two first splicing plates (351) which are fitted together, and the insertion tube (36) comprises two second splicing plates (361) which are fitted together.

3. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing frame (391) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (32); a drill rod (392) is rotatably connected to one side of the fixing frame (391); a first motor (393) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing frame (391); and the first motor (393) is fixedly connected to the drill rod (392) via an output shaft.

4. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second motor (394) is fixedly connected to the top of the frame plate (31), and the second motor (394) is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (38) via an output shaft, and a second bevel gear (39) is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the connecting rods (33), and the second bevel gear (39) is arranged at the bottom of the first bevel gear (38), and the second bevel gear (39) is meshed with the first bevel gear (38).

5. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped plate (2) is also provided with a control mechanism (5), the control mechanism (5) comprising an extension plate (51), the extension plate (51) being fixedly connected to the rear side of the U-shaped plate (2), the front side of the U-shaped plate (2) being fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate (52), a square rod (53) and two threaded rods (54) being rotatably connected between the extension plate (51) and the platform plate (1), the square rod (53) being arranged between the two threaded rods (54), a counterweight block (55) being slidably connected to the outside of the square rod (53), the counterweight block (55) being arranged on the top of the frame plate (31), a lifting block (56) being arranged outside the two threaded rods (54), the threaded rod (54) penetrating the lifting block (56) and being connected to the lifting block (56) by threads, two limit plates (57) being fixedly connected between the extension plate (51) and the platform plate (1), the two limit plates (57) respectively penetrating the two lifting blocks (56).

6. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The counterweight block (55) is provided with first plug holes (58) on both left and right sides; the front side of the lifting block (56) is fixedly connected to a first auxiliary frame (59); a first plug plate (591) is slidably connected inside the first auxiliary frame (59); the first plug plate (591) extends outside the first auxiliary frame (59); the first plug plate (591) matches the first plug hole (58); a rectangular plate is integrally formed on the top of the first auxiliary frame (59); a first electric push rod (592) is fixedly connected between the rectangular plate and the first plug plate (591).

7. A geotechnical sampling and testing device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second auxiliary frame (593) is fixedly connected to the front side of the counterweight block (55); the second auxiliary frame (593) is arranged at the bottom of the first auxiliary frame (59); a control board (594) is slidably connected inside the second auxiliary frame (593); the control board (594) extends outside the second auxiliary frame (593); and a second electric push rod (595) is fixedly connected between the control board (594) and the counterweight block (55).

8. A geotechnical sampling and testing device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third electric push rod (596) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the L-shaped plate (52), and a limiting plate (597) is fixedly connected to one end of the third electric push rod (596). A positioning hole (598) is opened on the front side of the counterweight block (55), and the limiting plate (597) matches the positioning hole (598). A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the limiting plate (597), and the positioning plate passes through the front side wall of the L-shaped plate (52).

9. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the extension plate (51) is fixedly connected to a support plate (599), one end of each of the two threaded rods (54) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support plate (599), the outside of each of the two threaded rods (54) is fixedly connected to a pulley (581), a belt is provided between the two pulleys (581), and the two pulleys (581) are connected via a belt, and the top of the support plate (599) is fixedly connected to a third motor (582), and the third motor (582) is fixedly connected to one end of one of the threaded rods (54) via an output shaft.

10. A sampling method for a geotechnical sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Rock layer drilling Before soil sampling, if there is a hard rock layer in the sampling area, before sampling, the drilling rod (392) is first controlled to drill through the rock layer; S2, sampling tube (35) splicing The number of sampling tubes (35) is selected according to the sampling depth, and they are spliced ​​together through a fixing ring (37), wherein the uppermost sampling tube (35) is spliced ​​with the mounting head (34), and the lowermost sampling tube (35) is spliced ​​and assembled with the cannula (36); S3. Soil sampling The insertion tube (36) is aligned with the sampling area for insertion, and the counterweight (55) is controlled to be continuously lifted and dropped, and then hit the frame plate (31), so that the sampling tube (35) is continuously inserted into the soil for sampling; S4. Sample removal After the sampling tube (35) is controlled to leave the ground, the sampling tube (35) and the insertion tube (36) are removed and separated into two halves, and then the soil samples in the sampling tube (35) and the insertion tube (36) are taken out.

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