Spot size converter, light emitting assembly and optical module

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a spot size converter, a light emitting assembly and an optical module, relates to the field of optical communication, and aims to solve the problems of high coupling difficulty and complicated coupling process between a laser and a single-mode fiber in the light emitting assembly. The spot size converter comprises a substrate and a conversion waveguide wrapped by the substrate. The conversion waveguide comprises a first waveguide, a middle waveguide and a second waveguide which are sequentially connected in a first direction; in the first direction, the middle waveguide comprises a first end face and a second end face located at the two ends. The shape and size of the second end face are matched with those of a fiber core in the single-mode fiber; the first end face is an ellipse larger than the second end face in size, and the middle waveguide gradually shrinks from the first end face to the second end face in the first direction. The first waveguide is connected with the first end face and has the same section as the first end face; the second waveguide is connected to the second end face and has the same cross section as the second end face. The spot size converter can be used for a light emitting assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular to a mode spot converter, an optical transmitting component and an optical module. Background Art

[0002] An optical module is a signal transmission device that can realize photoelectric and electro-optical conversion. It can convert electrical signals into optical signals and then output them at the transmitting end, and can convert input optical signals into electrical signals at the receiving end.

[0003] The Transmitter Optical Subassembly (TOSA) is one of the core components of the optical module. It includes a laser, a coupling lens and a single-mode optical fiber. The laser is coupled to the single-mode optical fiber through a coupling lens so that the optical signal generated by the laser can be transmitted in the single-mode optical fiber as much as possible; the other end of the single-mode optical fiber is used to connect to the optical fiber interface, so as to realize the signal transmission from the optical transmitter assembly to the outside.

[0004] However, the laser spot output by the laser is mostly an elliptical spot, which naturally mismatches the circular spot of the single-mode fiber, resulting in low coupling efficiency between the two. At the same time, due to the limited mode spot size of the single-mode fiber, the tolerance range is small, and the relative positions of the laser, coupling lens and single-mode fiber need to be precisely adjusted, resulting in the problem of difficult coupling and cumbersome coupling process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a mode spot converter, an optical transmission component and an optical module, which are used to improve the problem that coupling between a laser and a single-mode optical fiber in the optical transmission component is difficult and the coupling process is complicated.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spot mode converter, which includes a substrate and a conversion waveguide covered by the substrate; the conversion waveguide includes a first waveguide, an intermediate waveguide and a second waveguide connected in sequence in a first direction; in the first direction, the intermediate waveguide includes a first end face and a second end face located at both ends; the second end face has a shape and size that matches the core in the single-mode optical fiber; the first end face is an ellipse with a size larger than the second end face, and the intermediate waveguide gradually shrinks from the first end face to the second end face along the first direction.

[0008] The first waveguide is connected to the first end face, and the second waveguide is connected to the second end face; in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional shape of the first waveguide is the same as that of the first end face, and the cross-sectional shape of the second waveguide is the same as that of the second end face; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are both equal-cross-sectional structures in the first direction.

[0009] The mode spot converter provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize the conversion between a larger elliptical mode spot and a smaller single-mode fiber mode spot; therefore, when coupling single-mode optical fibers, the mode spot converter can be used to achieve coupling using a larger elliptical mode spot, which can reduce the coupling difficulty, simplify the coupling operation, shorten the coupling time; and can improve the coupling quality of the single-mode optical fiber and expand more adaptation scenarios.

[0010] The above-mentioned spot mode converter can be applied to an optical transmission component. When the spot mode converter is arranged between the laser and the single-mode optical fiber in the optical transmission component, it can reduce the difficulty of coupling the laser and the single-mode optical fiber, simplify the coupling operation, shorten the coupling time; and can improve the coupling quality of the laser and the single-mode optical fiber.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second end face is circular in shape and has a diameter of 8 to 10 microns; or, the second end face is elliptical in shape, and the length of the minor axis of the ellipse and the length of the major axis of the ellipse are both 8 to 10 microns. The mode spot converter provided in the embodiment of the present application can use single-mode optical fibers with different core cross-sections, has a wide range of applications, and has good coupling quality with different single-mode optical fibers.

[0012] In some embodiments, the shape of the first end face is an ellipse, and the length of the minor axis of the ellipse and the length of the major axis of the ellipse are both greater than or equal to 12 microns. The mode spot converter provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize the conversion between a larger elliptical mode spot and a smaller single-mode fiber mode spot, thereby reducing the coupling difficulty of the single-mode fiber, simplifying the coupling operation, and shortening the coupling time. In addition, the size of the first end face can also be controlled to adapt to different application scenarios and meet different coupling requirements of single-mode fibers.

[0013] In some embodiments, in a cross section parallel to the first direction, the intermediate waveguide includes a first side edge and a second side edge connecting the first end face and the second end face, and the first side edge and the second side edge are relatively arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; the spacing between the first side edge and the second side edge in the second direction is the intermediate waveguide width, and the intermediate waveguide width decreases linearly in the process of approaching the second end face from the first end face in the first direction.

[0014] In the mode spot converter provided in the embodiment of the present application, the intermediate waveguide in the conversion waveguide is a gradient optical waveguide structure, and the gradient method is a linear gradient. Such a design is conducive to reducing transmission loss and reducing processing difficulty, while avoiding the generation of additional transmission modes, so that the light transmitted in the intermediate waveguide can be maintained in a single-mode state.

[0015] In some embodiments, the angles of the first side and the second side relative to the first direction are both 0.2 to 0.5 degrees. This design enables the optical signal to be in an adiabatic gradient condition during transmission without generating large losses, while ensuring that no additional high-order modes are excited, and maintaining the transmitted light in a single mode.

[0016] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the end face of the first waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is the third end face, and the end face of the second waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is the fourth end face; at least one of the third end face and the fourth end face is inclined relative to the second direction, and the inclination angle is 8 degrees to 45 degrees; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0017] Such a design can reduce the intensity of reflected signals generated at the interface of different dielectric materials during the transmission of optical signals, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments, in the first direction, an end face of the first waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is a third end face, and an end face of the second waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is a fourth end face.

[0019] One of the third end face and the fourth end face is provided with an anti-reflection coating, and / or the other end face is provided with an anti-reflection coating.

[0020] Such a design can reduce the end face reflection during the process of optical signal input into the conversion waveguide, and improve the transmittance during the process of optical signal output from the conversion waveguide, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the optical signal in the conversion waveguide.

[0021] In some embodiments, the pattern spot converter includes a waveguide array, wherein the waveguide array includes a plurality of conversion waveguides arranged in an array in a second direction; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. With such a design, the pattern spot converter can be arrayed and expanded, thereby being able to adapt to different application scenarios; for example, when the pattern spot converter is applied to an optical transmission component, it can adapt to a scenario where the optical transmission component includes a plurality of lasers.

[0022] In some embodiments, the mode spot converter further includes a wave combiner / splitter and a third waveguide, one end of the wave combiner / splitter is connected to the second waveguide in the waveguide array, and the other end is connected to the third waveguide; the end face of the third waveguide away from the wave combiner / splitter is used to connect to the single-mode optical fiber. With such a design, the wave combiner / splitter can be used to split and combine the optical signal, and the third waveguide can be used to connect to the single-mode optical fiber; thus, it can adapt to the scenario of transmitting multiple optical signals of different wavelengths.

[0023] In some embodiments, in the third direction, the sizes of the combiner / splitter, the second waveguide and the third waveguide are equal; wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are mutually perpendicular. Such a design is conducive to the manufacturing and forming of the conversion waveguide and the combiner / splitter in the same processing technology, reducing the processing difficulty and improving the processing efficiency.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a light emitting component, which includes a laser, a coupling lens, a single-mode optical fiber, and a mode spot converter as described in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0025] Among them, the first waveguide in the mode spot converter is used to couple with the laser, and the second waveguide is used to connect with the single-mode optical fiber; the coupling lens is arranged between the laser and the first waveguide to realize the conversion between the first mode spot and the second mode spot; the first mode spot is the mode spot generated by the laser, and the second mode spot is the mode spot matching the first waveguide.

[0026] The laser spot generated by the laser in the optical transmission component is usually an elliptical spot, and the size is usually 3 microns (ellipse major axis) × 2 microns (ellipse minor axis). The core diameter of a single-mode optical fiber is usually 8 to 10 microns, both sizes are in the micron level, and there is a large mode-spot mismatch. The optical transmission component provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a coupling lens and a mode-spot converter, wherein the light spot generated by the laser can be amplified by the coupling lens, and amplified to a degree greater than that adapted to the single-mode optical fiber; then projected to the mode-spot converter; the mode-spot converter converts the larger elliptical spot into a state adapted to the single-mode optical fiber and outputs it to the single-mode optical fiber.

[0027] It can be seen from this that in the optical transmission component provided in the embodiment of the present application, the coupling between the single-mode optical fiber and the laser is converted into a pair coupling between the spot converter and the coupling lens; the larger laser spot formed by the coupling lens has a lower coupling difficulty and a larger tolerance range when coupled with the spot converter, which is beneficial to reduce the coupling difficulty between the laser and the single-mode optical fiber in the optical transmission component, simplify the coupling process, and improve the efficiency of the coupling operation.

[0028] In some embodiments, the optical transmission component further includes an optical isolator disposed between the coupling lens and the spot converter. The optical isolator can reduce the reflection and crosstalk problems of the optical signal during the transmission process.

[0029] In some embodiments, the light emitting assembly further includes a collimating lens disposed between the coupling lens and the laser.

[0030] Alternatively, the optical emission component further includes a collimating lens and an optical isolator, wherein the collimating lens is arranged between the coupling lens and the laser; and the optical isolator is arranged between the coupling lens and the spot converter.

[0031] In the optical emission assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, a collimating lens can be used to collimate the light emitted by the laser, and a coupling lens can be used to focus the light beam collimated by the collimating lens to form an elliptical light spot projected on the third end face; an optical isolator can also be used to achieve isolation between the collimating lens and the coupling lens. Such a design is conducive to improving the coupling quality between the laser and the spot converter.

[0032] In some embodiments, the light emitting component includes a plurality of lasers arranged along a straight line; the pattern spot converter includes a waveguide array, the waveguide array includes a plurality of conversion waveguides arranged in an array in a second direction; the conversion waveguide includes a first waveguide, an intermediate waveguide, and a second waveguide connected in sequence in a first direction; the first waveguide corresponds one-to-one to the laser; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0033] The optical transmission component provided in the embodiment of the present application can be a product having multiple lasers, and can utilize an arrayed spot mode converter to achieve the technical effect of reducing the difficulty of coupling between multiple lasers and multiple single-mode optical fibers.

[0034] In some embodiments, the optical transmission assembly further includes a carrier board and an optical fiber holder, the mode spot converter and the optical fiber holder are both mounted on the carrier board, and the optical fiber holder is used to fix the single-mode optical fiber. Such a design is conducive to limiting the relative position of the mode spot converter and the single-mode optical fiber, and ensuring the coupling quality between the two.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first mode spot is elliptical, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are both less than 5 microns; the second mode spot is elliptical, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are both greater than 10 microns. In the optical transmission component provided in the embodiment of the present application, the light spot generated by the laser can be amplified by a coupling lens, and amplified to a degree greater than that adapted by the single-mode optical fiber; such a design is conducive to reducing the difficulty of coupling between the laser and the mode spot converter.

[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an optical receiving component, which includes an optical detector, a single-mode optical fiber, and a mode spot converter as described in the embodiment of the first aspect; wherein the first waveguide in the mode spot converter is used to couple with the optical detector, and the second waveguide is used to connect to the single-mode optical fiber.

[0037] In the optical receiving assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the small-sized single-mode optical fiber mode spot can be converted into a large-sized elliptical mode spot through the mode spot converter, and then projected onto the optical detector; the large-sized elliptical mode spot after conversion can match the effective receiving aperture of the optical detector, which is beneficial to the detection of the optical detector. It can be seen that the mode spot converter can play the role of mode spot adjustment in the optical receiving assembly, and can convert the mode spot in the single-mode optical fiber into a light spot that better matches the optical detector, which is beneficial to improve the performance of the optical receiving assembly.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an optical module, which includes an optical fiber interface, a signal processing circuit, an optical transmitting component, and an optical receiving component; the optical transmitting component and the optical receiving component are both connected to the optical fiber interface optical signal, and are both electrically connected to the signal processing circuit;

[0039] Among them, the light emitting component is the light emitting component described in the embodiment of the second aspect, and / or the light receiving component is the light receiving component described in the embodiment of the third aspect.

[0040] The technical effects that can be achieved by the optical module provided in the embodiments of the present application are the same as the technical effects that can be achieved by the optical transmitting component and / or the optical receiving component in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0041] In the fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides an optical fiber connector, which includes a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, and two spot mode converters as described in the embodiment of the first aspect, the two spot mode converters are respectively a first spot mode converter and a second spot mode converter; the second waveguide in the first spot mode converter is connected to the first optical fiber, and the second waveguide in the second spot mode converter is connected to the second optical fiber; the first spot mode converter and the first waveguide in the second spot mode converter are connected.

[0042] In some embodiments, ends of the first waveguide in the first spot converter and the second spot converter away from the intermediate waveguide both have an angle polishing structure.

[0043] The technical effect that can be achieved by the optical fiber connector provided in the embodiment of the present application is the same as the technical effect that can be achieved by the mode spot converter in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in the related art;

[0045] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the optical transmission component;

[0046] Figure 3 A front view of a pattern spot converter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view of the mid-mode spot converter;

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle mode spot converter at the first end face and the second end face of the intermediate waveguide;

[0049] Figure 6 A front view of another pattern spot converter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Top view of the mid-mode spot converter;

[0051] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle mode spot converter at the first end face and the second end face of the intermediate waveguide;

[0052] Fig. 9 A front view of another pattern spot converter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Top view of the mid-mode spot converter;

[0054] Fig.11 A front view of a light emitting assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A top view of the light emitting assembly;

[0056] Fig.13 A front view of another light emitting assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A top view of the light emitting assembly;

[0058] Fig.15 A front view of another optical emission assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig.16 for Fig.15 A top view of the light emitting assembly;

[0060] Fig.17 A front view of another optical emission assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Fig.18 for Fig.17 A top view of the light emitting assembly;

[0062] Fig.19 A front view of another optical emission assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 A top view of the light emitting assembly;

[0064] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light receiving component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber optic connector provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] An optical module is a signal transmission device that can realize photoelectric and electro-optical conversion. It can convert electrical signals into optical signals and then output them at the transmitting end, and can convert input optical signals into electrical signals at the receiving end. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in the related art is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the optical module 100 includes an optical transmitting component (Transmitter Optical Subassembly, abbreviated as TOSA) 110, an optical receiving component (Receiver Optical Subassembly, abbreviated as ROSA) 120, an optical fiber interface 140 and a signal processing circuit 130; wherein the optical transmitting component 110 is used to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal, and the optical receiving component 120 is used to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal. Both the optical transmitting component 110 and the optical receiving component 120 are connected to the optical fiber interface 140, and the optical fiber interface 140 is used to connect to an external optical fiber. The optical transmitting component 110 can transmit the generated optical signal to the external optical fiber through the optical fiber interface 140, and the optical receiving component 120 can receive the optical signal input from the external optical fiber through the optical fiber interface 140.

[0067] The optical emitting component 110 and the optical receiving component 120 are also electrically connected to the signal processing circuit 130. The signal processing circuit 130 can output a driving signal to the optical emitting component 110 based on the electrical signal during the signal transmission stage, and the optical emitting component 110 generates an optical signal corresponding to the electrical signal under the control of the driving signal. The signal processing circuit 130 can also convert the optical detection signal generated by the optical receiving component 120 according to the optical signal into an electrical signal during the signal receiving stage and then output it.

[0068] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the optical transmission component 110 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the optical transmission component 110 includes a laser 111, a coupling lens 112 and a single-mode optical fiber 113. The two ends of the single-mode optical fiber 113 in the length direction are respectively a first optical fiber end and a second optical fiber end. The laser 111 is coupled to the first optical fiber end of the single-mode optical fiber 113 through the coupling lens 112, and the second optical fiber end of the single-mode optical fiber 113 is connected to the optical fiber interface 140.

[0069] When the optical transmission component 110 is working, the laser 111 is powered on to generate a laser beam, which is coupled to the first fiber end of the single-mode optical fiber 113 through the coupling lens 112, and then output to the optical fiber interface 140 through the single-mode optical fiber 113. It can be seen that in the optical transmission component 110, the coupling quality between the laser 111 and the single-mode optical fiber 113 is crucial to the working performance of the optical transmission component 110.

[0070] Active coupling is usually used to couple the laser chip in the optical emitting component 110 with the single-mode optical fiber 113. Active coupling means that an optical power meter is connected to the second optical fiber end of the single-mode optical fiber 113, and then the laser 111 is powered on to generate a laser beam. The laser beam emitted by the laser 111 enters the optical power meter after passing through the coupling lens 112 and the single-mode optical fiber 113. The relative position relationship of the above components is adjusted by observing the optical power value. In the adjustment process, a fixed position component with a larger optical power is generally selected to achieve coupling between the laser 111 and the single-mode optical fiber 113.

[0071] However, the spot shape of the laser beam that can be generated by the laser 111 is usually elliptical, and the spot size is generally 3 microns (ellipse major axis) × 2 microns (ellipse minor axis); while the core diameter of the single-mode optical fiber 113 is 8 to 10 microns. The smaller size of the spot and the relatively large spot mismatch make the adjustment space and tolerance range smaller during the coupling process, both at the micron level, which makes the coupling more difficult. In addition, in the process of coupling using active coupling, the smaller adjustment space and tolerance range (both at the micron level) cause the slight movement of the related components to affect the optical power, so it is necessary to monitor the optical power and accurately align the component positions in the optical transmission component 110, which makes the coupling process more cumbersome.

[0072] It can be seen from this that the optical transmission component 110 in the related art has problems such as great coupling difficulty and complicated coupling process when coupling the laser 111 and the single-mode optical fiber 113.

[0073] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a pattern spot converter, a light emitting component and an optical module to improve the above problems.

[0074] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0075] In the following, in the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for convenience of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, "up", "down", "left" and "right" are not limited to being defined relative to the orientation of the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms may be relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components placed in the drawings.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "including" is interpreted as an open, inclusive meaning, that is, "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "exemplarily" or "some examples" and the like are intended to indicate that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics associated with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate manner.

[0078] As used herein, "about," "substantially," or "approximately" includes the stated value and an average value that is within an acceptable range of variation from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurements in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0079] As used herein, "parallel", "perpendicular", and "equal" include the situations described and situations similar to the situations described, and the range of the similar situations is within the acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallelism may be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate equality may be, for example, the difference between the two equalities is less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0080] It will be understood that when a layer or an element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may be present between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, exemplary embodiments are described with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views and / or equivalent circuit diagrams as idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of the layers and regions is magnified for clarity. Therefore, it is conceivable that the shape changes relative to the drawings are caused by, for example, manufacturing technology and / or tolerances. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be interpreted as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but include shape deviations caused by, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will generally have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shapes of the regions of the device, and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0082] Figure 3 A front view of a pattern spot converter provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view of the mid-mode spot converter, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pattern spot converter 1 includes a substrate 3 and a conversion waveguide 2; wherein the material of the substrate 3 can be at least one of polymer, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride. The conversion waveguide 2 is embedded in the substrate 3, and the waveguide material can be ion-doped glass, or a laser direct writing waveguide or a polymer waveguide. The pattern spot converter 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not limit the materials of the substrate 3 and the conversion waveguide 2.

[0083] The conversion waveguide 2 includes a first waveguide 21, an intermediate waveguide 23 and a second waveguide 22 connected in sequence in a first direction. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Taking the orientation shown in as an example, the first direction is parallel to the lateral direction in the figure, and the first waveguide 21, the middle waveguide 23 and the second waveguide 22 are connected in sequence from left to right.

[0084] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in the first direction, the intermediate waveguide 23 includes a first end face 23a and a second end face 23b located at both ends; the second end face 23b has a shape and size that matches the core of the single-mode optical fiber 113. The core cross section of the single-mode optical fiber 113 is usually circular, but in some cases, such as when the single-mode optical fiber 113 is an elliptical polarization-maintaining optical fiber, the core cross section can also be elliptical. When the core cross section of the single-mode optical fiber 113 is circular, the core diameter of the core is 8 microns to 10 microns; when the core cross section of the single-mode optical fiber 113 is elliptical, the lengths of the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse in the core are both 8 microns to 10 microns.

[0085] Therefore, the shape of the second end face 23b can be circular or elliptical. When the first end face 23a is circular, its diameter is 8 to 10 microns; when the first end face 23a is elliptical, the lengths of the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are both 8 to 10 microns. It should be noted that in the drawings of this document, the second end face 23b is circular for exemplary description, but as described above, in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second end face 23b can be either circular or elliptical.

[0086] The first end face 23a is elliptical in shape and has a size larger than the second end face 23b. Here, the size larger than the second end face 23b means that when the second end face 23b is circular, the size of the minor axis of the ellipse in the first end face 23a is larger than the circular diameter of the second end face 23b; when the second end face 23b is elliptical, the size of the minor axis of the ellipse in the first end face 23a is larger than the size of the major axis of the ellipse in the second end face 23b. From another perspective, in the projection onto the plane where the first end face 23a is located, the projection of the second end face 23b can all fall into the first end face 23a.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first end surface 23a is elliptical, and the minor axis and major axis of the ellipse are both greater than or equal to 12 microns. For example, the first end surface 23a is elliptical, and the minor axis and major axis of the ellipse are 12 microns and 18 microns.

[0088] The intermediate waveguide 23 is a gradual optical waveguide structure, which gradually shrinks from the first end face 23a to the second end face 23b along the first direction. In this article, the cross-sectional shape of the intermediate waveguide 23 is defined as the intermediate waveguide cross section in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction. According to the above description, the intermediate waveguide cross section is different at different positions in the first direction; and in the process of approaching from the first end face 23a to the second end face 23b along the first direction, the intermediate waveguide cross section gradually shrinks.

[0089] In the optical waveguide structure, the shape and size of the cross section along the light transmission direction affect the shape and size of the mode spot of the optical signal transmitted therein. The intermediate waveguide 23 having the above structure can change the shape and size of the mode spot when the optical signal is transmitted in the intermediate waveguide 23, thereby realizing the function of mode spot conversion. For example, in the process of the optical signal being transmitted from the first end face 23a to the second end face 23b in the intermediate waveguide 23, the mode spot can be gradually transformed from a larger elliptical mode spot to a smaller circular mode spot (or elliptical mode spot); in the process of the optical signal being transmitted from the second end face 23b to the first end face 23a in the intermediate waveguide 23, the mode spot can be gradually transformed from a smaller circular mode spot (or elliptical mode spot) to a larger elliptical mode spot.

[0090] Please continue to refer to Figure 3and Figure 4 The first end face 23a is located at one end close to the first waveguide 21, and the first waveguide 21 is connected to the first end face 23a. The second end face 23b is located at one end close to the second waveguide 22, and the second waveguide 22 is connected to the second end face 23b.

[0091] In the first direction, the first waveguide 21 includes a third end face 21a and a fifth end face 21b located at both ends, and the second waveguide 22 includes a sixth end face 22a and a fourth end face 22b located at both ends; wherein the fifth end face 21b is located at an end close to the intermediate waveguide 23, and when the first waveguide 21 is connected to the intermediate waveguide 23, the fifth end face 21b contacts the first end face 23a. The fifth end face 21b has the same shape and size as the first end face 23a. The sixth end face 22a is located at an end of the second waveguide 22 close to the intermediate waveguide 23, and when the second waveguide 22 contacts the intermediate waveguide 23, the second end face 23b contacts the sixth end face 22a, and the sixth end face 22a has the same shape and size as the second end face 23b.

[0092] The first waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 22 are both optical waveguide structures with equal cross-sections in the first direction. In this article, in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional shape of the first waveguide 21 is the first waveguide cross-section, and the cross-sectional shape of the second waveguide 22 is the second waveguide cross-section. An optical waveguide structure with equal cross-sections in the first direction means that, at different positions in the first direction, the first waveguide cross-sections in the first waveguide 21 are the same; and the second waveguide cross-sections in the second waveguide 22 are the same.

[0093] In this embodiment, the fifth end face 21b is perpendicular to the first direction, and the first waveguide cross section in the first waveguide 21 is the same as the fifth end face 21b, that is, the same as the first end face 23a in the intermediate waveguide 23; therefore, the first waveguide cross section is an ellipse with a size larger than the second end face 23b, for example, an ellipse with a minor axis size and a major axis size both greater than or equal to 12 microns. The sixth end face 22a is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second waveguide cross section in the second waveguide 22 is the same as the sixth end face 22a, that is, the second end face 23b in the intermediate waveguide 23; therefore, the second waveguide cross section has a shape and size that matches the core in the single-mode optical fiber 113, for example, a circle with a diameter of 8 to 10 microns, and another example, an ellipse with a minor axis and a major axis both of 8 to 10 microns.

[0094] In the conversion waveguide 2, the first waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 22 both adopt an equal-section optical waveguide structure in the first direction, and the cross section of the first waveguide is the same as the first end face 23a, and the cross section of the second waveguide is the same as the second end face 23b; such a design, on the one hand, can make the second waveguide 22 have a mode spot shape and a mode spot size matching the single-mode optical fiber 113, so that it can have a better coupling effect when coupled with the single-mode optical fiber 113. On the other hand, it is conducive to inputting the optical signal into the intermediate waveguide 23 according to the mode spot shape and size matching the input end face in the intermediate waveguide 23, and to outputting the optical signal output by the intermediate waveguide 23 according to the mode spot shape and size matching the output end face in the intermediate waveguide 23; thereby, the effect of mode spot conversion can be better achieved, which is conducive to improving the coupling efficiency; and the conversion waveguide 2 adopts the above structure, which is conducive to processing and molding and maintaining a good yield during the processing process.

[0095] In some embodiments, the conversion waveguide 2 can be formed by using ion exchange technology on the surface of the substrate 3. In this case, a waveguide cover plate 4 can be provided on the surface of the substrate 3 used for making the conversion waveguide 2, so as to protect the substrate 3 and the conversion waveguide 2. The waveguide cover plate 4 can be made of silicon dioxide, polymer material, metal material, insulating material, etc.

[0096] When the spot mode converter 1 having the above structure is used, the second waveguide 22 is coupled with the single-mode optical fiber 113. In some scenarios, the first waveguide 21 can be used as an input waveguide, and the second waveguide 22 can be used as an output waveguide; that is, the third end face 21a is used as the input end face of the input optical signal, and correspondingly, the fourth end face 22b is used as the output end face of the output optical signal. After the optical signal is input from the third end face 21a, it passes through the first waveguide 21, the intermediate waveguide 23 and the second waveguide 22, and then outputs from the fourth end face 22b, and then enters the single-mode optical fiber 113. During the transmission process of the optical signal in the conversion waveguide 2 along the above path, the optical signal can be converted from a larger elliptical spot mode to a smaller circular or elliptical spot mode that matches the single-mode optical fiber 113; and then output to the single-mode optical fiber 113; improve the coupling effect with the single-mode optical fiber 113.

[0097] In other scenarios, the second waveguide 22 can also be used as an input waveguide, and the first waveguide 21 can be used as an output waveguide; the fourth end face 22b is used as an input end face of an input optical signal, and the third end face 21a is used as an output end face of an output optical signal; after the optical signal is input from the single-mode optical fiber 113 from the fourth end face 22b to the conversion waveguide 2, it passes through the second waveguide 22, the intermediate waveguide 23, and the first waveguide 21 and is output from the third end face 21a. During the transmission of the optical signal in the conversion waveguide 2 along the above path, a smaller circular or elliptical mode spot matching the single-mode optical signal can be converted into a larger elliptical light spot, which is also conducive to improving the coupling effect.

[0098] It can be seen from the above description that in the mode spot converter 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the conversion between a larger elliptical mode spot and a smaller circular or elliptical mode spot can be realized, thereby solving the problem of poor coupling effect caused by mismatch of the mode spot shape. Moreover, it can be applied to the optical transmission component 110 to improve the coupling efficiency between the laser 111 and the single-mode optical fiber 113 (for details, please refer to the embodiment of the optical transmission component 110 below).

[0099] In the pattern spot converter 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the intermediate waveguide 23 is a gradual optical waveguide structure, and the intermediate waveguide cross section is different at different positions in the first direction; and the intermediate waveguide cross section gradually decreases in the process of approaching from the first end face 23a to the second end face 23b along the first direction. The gradual change of the intermediate waveguide 23 refers to the gradual change of the intermediate waveguide cross section in the first direction, and the gradual change here can be a linear gradual change or a nonlinear gradual change.

[0100] In this embodiment, the intermediate waveguide 23 is a linearly tapered optical waveguide structure, where the linear tapering means that the distance of the intermediate waveguide 23 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction decreases linearly from the first end face 23a to the second end face 23b along the first direction.

[0101] Exemplarily, in a cross section parallel to the first direction and the second direction, the second waveguide 22 includes a first side edge and a second side edge that are opposite to each other in the second direction; the first side edge and the second side edge connect the first end face 23a and the second end face 23b; the distance between the first side edge and the second side edge in the second direction is the width of the intermediate waveguide 23, and the width of the intermediate waveguide 23 decreases linearly in the process of approaching the second end face 23b from the first end face 23a along the first direction. Such a design is conducive to reducing transmission loss and processing difficulty, while avoiding the generation of additional transmission modes, so that the light transmitted in the intermediate waveguide 23 can be maintained in a single-mode state.

[0102] In some embodiments, the angles of the first side and the second side relative to the first direction are both 0.2 to 0.5 degrees. This design enables the optical signal to be in an adiabatic gradient condition during transmission without generating large losses, while ensuring that no additional high-order modes are excited, and maintaining the transmitted light in a single mode.

[0103] In some embodiments, at least one of the third end face 21a and the fourth end face 22b is tilted relative to the second direction, and the tilt angle is 8 to 45 degrees; that is, at least one of the third end face 21a and the fourth end face 22b is polished at an angle. Such a design can reduce the intensity of the reflected signal generated by the interface of different dielectric materials during the transmission of the optical signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.

[0104] In other embodiments, one of the third end face 21a and the fourth end face 22b is provided with an anti-reflection coating, and / or the other is provided with an anti-reflection coating. With such a design, the end face reflection can be reduced during the process of the optical signal inputting into the conversion waveguide 2, and the transmittance can be increased during the process of the optical signal outputting from the conversion waveguide 2, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the optical signal in the conversion waveguide 2.

[0105] Figures 6 to 8 A structural diagram of another pattern spot converter 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the difference between the pattern spot converter 1 in this embodiment and the pattern spot converter 1 described above is that the pattern spot converter 1 in this embodiment uses a waveguide array 20, and the waveguide array 20 includes a plurality of conversion waveguides 2 as described in the above embodiment arranged in an array in a second direction, where the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. With such a design, the pattern spot converter 1 can be arrayed and expanded, so as to adapt to different application scenarios; for example, when the pattern spot converter 1 is applied to the optical transmission component 110, it can adapt to the scenario where the optical transmission component 110 includes a plurality of lasers 111.

[0106] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A structural diagram of another pattern spot converter 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, the pattern spot converter 1 and Figures 6 to 8 The difference between the mode spot converter 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is that the mode spot converter 1 in this embodiment further includes a combiner / demultiplexer 6 and a third waveguide 5 .

[0107] Among them, the combiner / demultiplexer 6 can be an array waveguide grating combiner, an adiabatic coupler or a directional coupler and other structures. The mode spot converter 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the combiner / demultiplexer 6. One end of the combiner / demultiplexer 6 is connected to the multiple second waveguides 22 in the waveguide array 20, and the other end is connected to the third waveguide 5. The other end of the third waveguide 5 is used to connect to the single-mode optical fiber 113. By setting the combiner / demultiplexer 6 and the third waveguide 5, optical signals of different wavelengths from different second waveguides 22 in the waveguide array 20 can be combined into a beam of optical signals output to the third waveguide 5, and then output to the single-mode optical fiber 113 through the third waveguide 5; it is also possible to split the mixed optical signals of different wavelengths input from the single-mode optical fiber 113 and the third waveguide 5, output to the corresponding second waveguide 22 in the waveguide array 20, and then output from the first waveguide 21.

[0108] In some embodiments, the length of the combiner / splitter 6 in the third direction is equal to the length of the conversion waveguide 2 in the third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. Such a design is conducive to the production and molding of the conversion waveguide 2 and the combiner / splitter 6 in the same processing technology, reducing the processing difficulty and improving the processing efficiency.

[0109] The present application embodiment also provides a light emitting component 110, such as Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the optical transmission component 110 includes a laser 111, a coupling lens 112, a spot mode converter 1, a single-mode optical fiber 113 and an optical fiber fixing seat 7.

[0110] Among them, the laser 111 can be a distributed feedback laser (DFB), a Fabry-Perot (FP) laser, a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser, a quantum dot laser, a quantum well laser, etc.; the optical emission component 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the laser 111.

[0111] The laser spot generated by the laser 111 is usually an elliptical spot, and the size is usually 3 microns (ellipse major axis) × 2 microns (ellipse minor axis). The core diameter of the single-mode optical fiber 113 is usually 8 to 10 microns, and the sizes of both are in the micron level, and there is a large mode-spot mismatch; thus, when the laser 111 in the optical transmission component 110 is coupled with the single-mode optical fiber 113, there are problems such as difficulty in coupling and cumbersome coupling process.

[0112] Based on this, the optical transmission component 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application is also provided with a spot converter 1 and a coupling lens 112, wherein the spot converter 1 adopts the spot converter 1 in the above embodiment, and when in use, the first waveguide 21 of the conversion waveguide 2 in the spot converter 1 is used for coupling with the laser 111, and the second waveguide 22 is used for coupling with the single-mode optical fiber 113. Since the second waveguide 22 has a shape and size that matches the core of the single-mode optical fiber 113, the two have a good coupling effect.

[0113] The coupling lens 112 is used to realize the conversion between the first mode spot and the second mode spot, wherein the first mode spot is the mode spot generated when the laser 111 is working, and the second mode spot is the mode spot matching the first waveguide 21. The first mode spot may be different for lasers 111 with different working parameters; the second mode spot may be different for mode spot converters 1 with different designs; therefore, the coupling lens 112 may be different in different implementations.

[0114] Combined with the above description of the mode spot converter 1, it can be known that the size of the second mode spot is larger than the mode spot of the single-mode optical fiber 113; therefore, in some scenarios, the first mode spot can be an elliptical mode spot, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are both less than 5 microns; the second mode spot can be an elliptical mode spot, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are both greater than 10 microns. Exemplarily, the size of the first mode spot is 3 microns (ellipse major axis) × 2 microns (ellipse minor axis); the size of the second mode spot is 18 microns (ellipse major axis) × 12 microns (ellipse minor axis).

[0115] It can be seen that the coupling lens 112 is used to amplify the light spot generated by the laser 111 to a level greater than that adapted by the single-mode optical fiber 113, and then output it to the spot converter 1. It can be understood that when a larger laser spot is coupled with the spot converter 1, the coupling difficulty is lower and the tolerance range is larger, which is conducive to reducing the coupling difficulty, simplifying the coupling process, and improving the efficiency of the coupling operation.

[0116] Please continue to refer to Figure 11 to Figure 12 The optical transmitting component 110 also includes an optical fiber fixing seat 7, which is used to fix the single-mode optical fiber 113, and includes a V-groove substrate 9 and an optical fiber cover plate 8, wherein a V-groove for installing the single-mode optical fiber 113 is provided on the V-groove substrate 9, and the single-mode optical fiber 113 is installed in the V-groove, and the optical fiber cover plate 8 is arranged on the opening surface of the V-groove in the V-groove substrate 9; through the cooperation of the V-groove substrate 9 and the optical fiber cover plate 8, the single-mode optical fiber 113 can be reliably confined in the V-groove.

[0117] The pattern spot converter 1 and the optical fiber fixing seat 7 are relatively fixedly arranged, and the two can be fixed by connecting glue and can be pasted on the same carrier board 10 to form an integrated component.

[0118] In some embodiments, the mode spot converter 1 is angle-polished at the end of the first waveguide 21 away from the intermediate waveguide 23, and at the end of the second waveguide 22 away from the intermediate waveguide 23, so as to form an angle-polished structure that is beneficial to reducing reflection. The end of the single-mode optical fiber 113 coupled to the second waveguide 22 can also be angle-polished accordingly.

[0119] Fig.13 and Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of another optical transmission component 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, in this embodiment, the light emitting component 110 and Fig.11 and Fig.12 The difference between the optical transmitting assembly 110 shown in the figure is that it also includes an optical isolator 114 arranged between the coupling lens 112 and the spot converter 1. By arranging the optical isolator 114, the reflection and crosstalk problems of the optical signal during the transmission process can be reduced.

[0120] Fig.15 and Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of another optical transmission component 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, in this embodiment, the light emitting component 110 and Fig.11 and Fig.12 The difference between the optical emitting component 110 shown in the figure is that it also includes a collimating lens 115 arranged between the coupling lens 112 and the laser 111; the collimating lens 115 is used to collimate the light emitted by the laser 111, and the coupling lens 112 is used to focus the light beam collimated by the collimating lens 115 to form an elliptical light spot projected on the third end face 21a; by setting the collimating lens 115, the coupling quality between the laser 111 and the mode spot converter 1 can be improved.

[0121] Fig.17 and Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the structure of another optical transmission component 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, in this embodiment, the light emitting component 110 and Fig.11 and Fig.12 The difference between the optical emission assembly 110 shown in the figure is that it also includes a collimating lens 115 and an optical isolator 114, wherein the collimating lens 115 is arranged between the laser 111 and the coupling lens 112, and the optical isolator 114 is arranged between the coupling lens 112 and the collimating lens 115; wherein the collimating lens 115 is used to collimate the light emitted by the laser 111, and the coupling lens 112 is used to focus the light beam collimated by the collimating lens 115 to form an elliptical light spot projected on the third end face 21a, and the optical isolator 114 is used to achieve isolation between the collimating lens 115 and the coupling lens 112. Such a design can improve the performance of the coupling lens 112 during the mode spot conversion process.

[0122] Fig.19 and Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of the structure of another optical transmission component 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As shown, in this embodiment, the light emitting component 110 and Fig.11 and Fig.12 The difference between the optical transmission component 110 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is that it includes a plurality of lasers 111 and a coupling lens 112 arranged in an array; correspondingly, the waveguide array 20 is used in the spot converter 1 .

[0123] The present application embodiment also provides a light receiving component 120, such as Fig.21As shown, the optical receiving component 120 includes a light detector 121, a spot converter 1 and a single-mode optical fiber 113. The spot converter 1 adopts the spot converter 1 in the above embodiment, and the first waveguide 21 of the conversion waveguide 2 in the spot converter 1 is used to couple with the light detector 121, and the second waveguide 22 is used to couple with the single-mode optical fiber 113.

[0124] During operation, the circular or elliptical mode spot with a smaller size transmitted in the single-mode optical fiber 113 is converted into an elliptical mode spot with a larger size by the mode spot converter 1, and then projected onto the optical detector 121; the elliptical mode spot with a larger size is more conducive to the detection of the optical detector 121. It can be seen that the mode spot converter 1 can play a role in adjusting the mode spot in the optical receiving component 120, and can convert the mode spot in the single-mode optical fiber 113 into a light spot that better matches the optical detector 121; thus, it is conducive to improving the performance of the optical receiving component 120.

[0125] The embodiment of the present application also provides an optical module 100, which includes an optical transmitting component 110 and an optical receiving component 120; at least one of the optical transmitting component 110 and the optical receiving component 120 adopts the technical solution provided in the above embodiment. For other contents of the optical module 100, please refer to the above description, which will not be repeated here.

[0126] The present application also provides an optical fiber connector, such as Fig. 22 As shown, the optical fiber connector 200 includes a first optical fiber 210, a second optical fiber 220 and two spot mode converters as described in the above embodiments, the first optical fiber 210 and the second optical fiber 220 are both single-mode optical fibers, and the two spot mode converters are respectively a first spot mode converter 1a and a second spot mode converter 1b; the second waveguide 22 in the first spot mode converter 1a is connected to the first optical fiber 210, and the second waveguide 22 in the second spot mode converter 1b is connected to the second optical fiber 220; the first waveguide 21 in the first spot mode converter 1a and the second spot mode converter 1b are connected.

[0127] In some embodiments, the ends of the first waveguide 21 in the first spot converter 1a and the second spot converter 1b away from the intermediate waveguide 23, ie, the ends of the first waveguide 21 in the first spot converter 1a and the second spot converter 1b for connection, both have an angle polishing structure.

[0128] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A spot converter, It is characterized in that The pattern spot converter comprises a substrate and a conversion waveguide covered by the substrate; The conversion waveguide comprises a first waveguide, an intermediate waveguide and a second waveguide connected in sequence in a first direction; in the first direction, the intermediate waveguide comprises a first end face and a second end face at both ends; the second end face has a shape and size matching the core of a single-mode optical fiber; the first end face is an ellipse with a size larger than the second end face, and the intermediate waveguide gradually shrinks from the first end face to the second end face along the first direction; The first waveguide is connected to the first end face, and the second waveguide is connected to the second end face; in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the cross-sectional shape of the first waveguide is the same as that of the first end face, and the cross-sectional shape of the second waveguide is the same as that of the second end face; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are both equal-cross-sectional structures in the first direction.

2. The pattern spot converter according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second end surface is circular in shape, and its diameter is 8 micrometers to 10 micrometers; or, the second end surface is elliptical in shape, and both the length of the minor axis of the ellipse and the length of the major axis of the ellipse are 8 micrometers to 10 micrometers.

3. The pattern spot converter according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The shape of the first end surface is an ellipse, and the length of the minor axis of the ellipse and the length of the major axis of the ellipse are both greater than or equal to 12 micrometers.

4. The pattern spot converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that In a cross section parallel to the first direction, the intermediate waveguide includes a first side edge and a second side edge connecting the first end face and the second end face, and the first side edge and the second side edge are arranged opposite to each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; The distance between the first side and the second side in the second direction is an intermediate waveguide width, and the intermediate waveguide width decreases linearly in the process of approaching the second end face from the first end face in the first direction.

5. The pattern spot converter according to claim 4, It is characterized in that An included angle between the first side edge and the second side edge relative to the first direction is 0.2 degrees to 0.5 degrees.

6. The pattern spot converter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that In the first direction, an end face of the first waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is a third end face, and an end face of the second waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is a fourth end face; At least one of the third end face and the fourth end face is inclined relative to the second direction, and the inclination angle is 8 degrees to 45 degrees; The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

7. The pattern spot converter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that In the first direction, an end face of the first waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is a third end face, and an end face of the second waveguide away from the intermediate waveguide is a fourth end face; One of the third end face and the fourth end face is provided with an anti-reflection coating, and / or the other end face is provided with an anti-reflection coating.

8. The pattern spot converter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The pattern spot converter comprises a waveguide array, wherein the waveguide array comprises a plurality of conversion waveguides arranged in an array in a second direction; The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

9. The pattern spot converter according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The mode spot converter also includes a combiner / splitter and a third waveguide, one end of the combiner / splitter is connected to the second waveguide in the waveguide array, and the other end is connected to the third waveguide; the end face of the third waveguide away from the combiner / splitter is used to connect to the single-mode optical fiber.

10. The pattern spot converter according to claim 9, It is characterized in that In the third direction, the sizes of the combiner / splitter, the second waveguide and the third waveguide are equal; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

11. A light emitting component, It is characterized in that The optical transmission component comprises a laser, a coupling lens, a single-mode optical fiber and a spot mode converter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10; Wherein, the first waveguide in the spot mode converter is used to couple with the laser, and the second waveguide is used to connect with the single-mode optical fiber; The coupling lens is arranged between the laser and the first waveguide, and is used to realize the conversion between the first mode spot and the second mode spot; the first mode spot is the mode spot generated by the laser, and the second mode spot is the mode spot matching the first waveguide.

12. The light emitting assembly according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The optical transmission assembly further includes an optical isolator disposed between the coupling lens and the spot converter.

13. The light emitting assembly according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The light emitting assembly further comprises a collimating lens, and the collimating lens is arranged between the coupling lens and the laser; Alternatively, the light emitting assembly further includes a collimating lens and an optical isolator, wherein the collimating lens is arranged between the coupling lens and the laser; and the optical isolator is arranged between the coupling lens and the spot converter.

14. The light emitting assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 13, It is characterized in that The light emitting assembly includes a plurality of the lasers arranged along a straight line; The pattern spot converter comprises a waveguide array, wherein the waveguide array comprises a plurality of conversion waveguides arranged in an array in a second direction; the conversion waveguide comprises a first waveguide, an intermediate waveguide and a second waveguide connected in sequence in the first direction; the first waveguide corresponds to the laser one by one; The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

15. The light emitting assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 14, It is characterized in that The optical transmission assembly further comprises a carrier plate and an optical fiber fixing seat. The mode spot converter and the optical fiber fixing seat are both mounted on the carrier plate. The optical fiber fixing seat is used to fix the single-mode optical fiber.

16. The light emitting assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 15, It is characterized in that The first pattern spot is elliptical, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are less than 5 microns; The second pattern spot is elliptical, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse are both greater than 10 micrometers.

17. A light receiving component, It is characterized in that The light receiving component comprises a light detector, a single-mode optical fiber and a spot mode converter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10; Wherein, the first waveguide in the spot mode converter is used for coupling with the photodetector, and the second waveguide is used for connecting with the single-mode optical fiber.

18. An optical module, It is characterized in that The optical module includes an optical fiber interface, a signal processing circuit, an optical transmitting component and an optical receiving component; The optical transmitting component and the optical receiving component are both connected to the optical fiber interface optical signal, and are both electrically connected to the signal processing circuit; Wherein, the optical emitting component is the optical emitting component described in any one of claims 11 to 16, and / or the optical receiving component is the optical receiving component described in claim 17.

19. An optical fiber connector, It is characterized in that The optical fiber connector comprises a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber and two spot mode converters according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the two spot mode converters are a first spot mode converter and a second spot mode converter respectively; The second waveguide in the first spot mode converter is connected to the first optical fiber, the second waveguide in the second spot mode converter is connected to the second optical fiber; the first waveguide in the first spot mode converter is connected to the first waveguide in the second spot mode converter.

20. The optical fiber connector according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The ends of the first waveguide in the first spot converter and the second spot converter away from the intermediate waveguide both have an angle polishing structure.

Images