Integrated design method for three-dimensional simulation model of skid-mounted oil station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel safety, in particular to an integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted oil station. The method comprises the following steps that a skid-mounted oil station structure drawing is obtained; constructing an oil station three-dimensional assembly according to a skid-mounted oil station structure drawing; virtual assembly is carried out based on the oil station three-dimensional assembly, and an oil station three-dimensional simulation model is generated; acquiring fuel oil data, transmitting the fuel oil data to the fuel station three-dimensional simulation model, and performing fuel oil flow simulation to generate fuel oil flow data; oil product backflow is detected based on the fuel oil flowing data, and oil product backflow data are obtained; according to the oil product backflow data, fuel oil pipeline cavitation detection is carried out, and fuel oil pipeline cavitation data are obtained; marking the cavitation position of the pipeline based on the cavitation data of the fuel pipeline, and continuously monitoring the thermal load of a fuel pipe body at the cavitation position of the pipeline; and evaluating the fuel gasification risk based on the thermal load of the fuel pipe body. Based on the fuel safety technology, the safety, the stability and the design optimization efficiency of the skid-mounted oil station are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel safety technology, and in particular to an integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station. Background Art

[0002] The three-dimensional simulation model of the skid-mounted oil station adopts a standardized design, integrating oil storage tanks, pipelines, pumps, valves and control devices on a movable skid-mounted foundation to ensure that the overall structure is compact and easy to transport and install. The oil storage and transportation system includes high-strength oil storage tanks, sealed oil pipelines, intelligent flow control devices and real-time monitoring sensors. However, traditional models mainly rely on manual modeling, with a long model update cycle, and it is difficult to quickly respond to design changes, resulting in low design iteration efficiency. Due to the lack of a highly integrated simulation platform, the data formats between different software are incompatible, resulting in information loss or increased conversion errors during data transmission, affecting the accuracy of the simulation results. Usually, independent structural mechanics analysis, fluid dynamics analysis and thermodynamics analysis are used, lacking multi-physics field coupling analysis capabilities, making it difficult to truly simulate the dynamic interaction between fluids and structures inside the oil station. Usually relying on single variable optimization, it is impossible to achieve global optimization under multi-objective constraints, resulting in limitations in the final design solution in terms of safety, stability or economy. Traditional simulation methods often rely on manually set boundary conditions, and it is difficult to combine real-time data for feedback optimization, which makes the simulation results lack adaptive adjustment capabilities in practical applications, affecting the long-term applicability and scalability of the model. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary for the present invention to provide an integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, an integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station includes the following steps: Step S1: obtaining a skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; constructing a three-dimensional component of the gas station according to the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; performing virtual assembly based on the three-dimensional component of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station; Step S2: Obtain fuel data, transmit it to the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station, perform fuel flow simulation, and generate fuel flow data; detect oil reflux based on the fuel flow data to obtain oil reflux data; perform fuel pipeline cavitation detection based on the oil reflux data to obtain fuel pipeline cavitation data; Step S3: marking the pipeline cavitation position based on the fuel pipeline cavitation data, and continuously monitoring the fuel pipe body heat load at the pipeline cavitation position; and evaluating the fuel gasification risk based on the fuel pipe body heat load; Step S4: filling the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station with explosion-proof materials according to the risk of fuel gasification to obtain explosion-proof material data; designing the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station with an inert gas explosion-proof device according to the risk of fuel gasification to obtain inert gas explosion-proof device data; integrating the explosion-proof material data and the inert gas explosion-proof device data into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation optimization model of the gas station.

[0005] The present invention obtains the structural drawings of the skid-mounted gas station and constructs the three-dimensional components of the gas station to establish an accurate digital model, providing a basis for virtual assembly and simulation. The model ensures the accurate spatial layout of the oil storage tank, pipeline, pump, valve and control device, avoids the errors of traditional manual modeling, and improves the design efficiency. After the virtual assembly is realized, it can be optimized and adjusted in the early stage of design to ensure the rationality of the structure and improve the reliability and safety of construction and operation. The real-time acquisition and transmission of fuel data make the fluid dynamic simulation more accurate, discover flow problems in advance, adjust the system configuration, and prevent the risk of pipeline cavitation. Pipeline cavitation detection can accurately identify the damaged area, facilitate monitoring and optimization, and reduce the risk of rupture. Continuously monitor the heat load of the pipe body and the risk of fuel gasification to ensure that the temperature change is controllable, reduce the risk of gasification, and improve safety. Based on the risk of gasification, optimize the explosion-proof materials and inert gas protection devices to improve the ability of the gas station to cope with sudden risks. Through multi-physical field optimization, the balance of safety, stability and economy in the design, operation and maintenance of the gas station is achieved, and the applicability and long-term operation safety are enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of an integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to the present invention; Figure 2 Detailed step flow diagram of step S1 in the present invention; Figure 3 Detailed step flow diagram of step S15 in the present invention; The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical method of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0008] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. The functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0009] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one unit from another unit. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, the first unit may be referred to as the second unit, and similarly the second unit may be referred to as the first unit. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed associated items.

[0010] To achieve this, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides an integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: obtaining a skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; constructing a three-dimensional component of the gas station according to the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; performing virtual assembly based on the three-dimensional component of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station; In this embodiment, according to the actual structural drawings of the skid-mounted gas station, professional 3D modeling software (such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks or Revit) is used to construct the 3D components of the gas station. First, the size, shape, position and other information of each component of the gas station are obtained through the drawings, and each component in the gas station, such as oil storage tanks, oil pumps, valves, pipelines, gas dispensers, etc., is modeled one by one. For the geometric parameters of each component, such as the diameter and volume of the oil storage tank, it is necessary to input according to the detailed annotations and technical specifications of the drawings. After completing the component modeling, in the 3D modeling software, the "assembly" function is used to combine the components to ensure that their connection methods and spatial relationships are reasonable, especially the connection of the pipeline needs to be guaranteed to be correct to avoid interference or errors. Then, the entire 3D model is checked to ensure the matching accuracy of all components and the reasonable layout between the components. In order to verify its correctness, the visualization function in the software is used to check the stability of the model, the dimensional accuracy and whether there is spatial interference or conflict. Finally, the completed 3D model is exported to a standard file format, such as STEP, IGES or STL, for subsequent simulation and optimization.

[0011] Step S2: Obtain fuel data, transmit it to the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station, perform fuel flow simulation, and generate fuel flow data; detect oil reflux based on the fuel flow data to obtain oil reflux data; perform fuel pipeline cavitation detection based on the oil reflux data to obtain fuel pipeline cavitation data; In this embodiment, the fuel flow data of the gas station is obtained by a sensor or a data acquisition system, including parameters such as flow rate, pressure, and temperature. These data need to be input in the modeling software. Subsequently, the fluid dynamics simulation software (such as ANSYS Fluent or OpenFOAM) is used to simulate the fuel flow of the gas station. In the fluid simulation process, the simulation boundary conditions are first set, including the inlet and outlet pressure, flow rate, temperature, etc. of the fuel, to ensure that the simulation reflects the actual operation. The physical properties of the fuel (such as density, viscosity, etc.) are set according to the type of fuel (such as gasoline or diesel), with a density of 0.75g / cm³, a viscosity of 0.45cP, etc. Next, the fluid dynamics equation is used for calculation to obtain the flow velocity distribution, pressure change, flow distribution, etc. in the gas station pipeline. The change in flow rate and pressure can identify whether there is a backflow phenomenon. In order to detect whether there is cavitation in the pipeline, a cavitation critical pressure threshold is set, and the area below this value will be marked as the area where cavitation occurs. The appearance of the cavitation area means that the local pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the fluid, bubbles are formed and quickly ruptured, which will cause pipeline damage, so special attention needs to be paid to these areas. In addition, the simulation software will automatically generate data such as pressure distribution diagrams, flow path diagrams, cavitation areas, etc. for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0012] Step S3: marking the pipeline cavitation position based on the fuel pipeline cavitation data, and continuously monitoring the fuel pipe body heat load at the pipeline cavitation position; and evaluating the fuel gasification risk based on the fuel pipe body heat load; In this embodiment, the cavitation area is marked by the fuel flow data obtained by simulation, and detailed monitoring is performed in combination with information such as temperature and pressure. The cavitation position marked in the simulation is imported into the heat load calculation software (such as COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS Mechanical) to perform heat load analysis of the pipeline. The heat load analysis calculates the temperature distribution of the pipeline based on data such as the material of the pipeline, the ambient temperature, the fuel temperature, and the geometric dimensions of the pipeline. For the cavitation area, special attention is paid to its temperature change, because excessive temperature will cause the gasification of the fuel. Based on the temperature distribution, the heat conduction equation is used to analyze the heat load of each area to ensure that the temperature of the cavitation area does not reach the gasification temperature of the fuel. If there is a high temperature area, especially the cavitation area, corresponding measures must be taken to reduce the temperature of the area to prevent the occurrence of gasification. In further analysis, according to the set gasification temperature threshold (for example, the gasification temperature of gasoline is 35°C and that of diesel is 55°C), the area with gasification risk is identified. Focus on monitoring areas with higher risks to ensure the safety of gas station operation. All analysis results, including heat load, gasification risk area, etc., will generate a detailed data report and provide a basis for subsequent explosion-proof design.

[0013] Step S4: filling the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station with explosion-proof materials according to the risk of fuel gasification to obtain explosion-proof material data; designing the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station with an inert gas explosion-proof device according to the risk of fuel gasification to obtain inert gas explosion-proof device data; integrating the explosion-proof material data and the inert gas explosion-proof device data into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation optimization model of the gas station.

[0014] In this embodiment, in the three-dimensional simulation model, a suitable explosion-proof material is selected for filling. The explosion-proof material usually has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and good flame retardant properties. According to the actual gasification risk, the type and filling thickness of the explosion-proof material are selected. The thickness of the explosion-proof material is obtained by calculation, and it is usually necessary to ensure that it can withstand the potential explosion pressure and can effectively isolate the fuel gas from the external environment. On this basis, it is also necessary to design an inert gas explosion-proof device, select a suitable inert gas (such as nitrogen), and introduce it into the pipeline area where gasification occurs. In the simulation model, according to the results of the gasification risk assessment, the gas delivery pipeline, pressure control valve, gas flow and other parameters are designed to ensure that the inert gas can cover the entire high-risk area and form an effective gas barrier. Through fluid dynamics simulation, the flow and pressure distribution of the inert gas in the pipeline are calculated to ensure that its delivery effect is good. Finally, the design results of the explosion-proof material and the inert gas explosion-proof device are integrated into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to generate an optimized model, and the design drawings and reports for construction and implementation are exported to ensure the feasibility and safety of the design.

[0015] Preferably, step S1 specifically comprises: Step S11: Obtaining a structural drawing of a skid-mounted gas station; In this embodiment, the structural drawings of the skid-mounted gas station are obtained. The drawings can be electronic files provided during the design process of the gas station, which usually include detailed information such as the size, location, and shape of each facility and component. The drawings should include the specific layout of storage tanks, pipelines, valves, pump stations, electrical systems, and other facilities. At this time, use design tools such as AutoCAD or Revit to open the drawing file to ensure that all dimensioning is clear and correct. If there are multiple levels or multiple details in the drawing, the layer function can be used to separate the levels of each facility for viewing and extraction. The specifications, materials, and technical requirements of each component should be indicated in the drawings, especially the volume, pressure bearing capacity, and other data of the storage tanks and pipelines, which are very important for subsequent modeling. Ensure the accuracy of all information through the dimensioning and symbols on the drawings, and prepare the data for subsequent three-dimensional modeling.

[0016] Step S12: identifying the tank structure based on the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; In this embodiment, all information about the storage tank in the drawing is extracted, including the shape, size, volume and location of the storage tank. In AutoCAD, according to the floor plan of the storage tank, use polygon or circle tools to draw the base and shape of the storage tank. Accurately mark the height, diameter, etc. of the storage tank, and find its material properties on the drawing, such as steel or composite materials. If there are multiple storage tanks, they need to be identified and recorded one by one. The drawings of the storage tanks usually also contain other detailed information, such as valves, pressure relief devices, etc. For each storage tank, data can be extracted separately, such as the oil storage capacity of each storage tank, valve type and other parameters. These parameters are crucial in the subsequent 3D modeling and simulation process. After the identification is completed, the geometric data of the storage tank is organized into a format that can be imported into the 3D modeling software, such as STEP, IGES or DXF files.

[0017] Step S13: Identify the pipeline network structure based on the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; In this embodiment, the layout of the pipeline is usually represented by a single line or double line in the drawing, and it is necessary to extract the pipeline's direction, diameter, elbow, valve, joint and other information. First, use software such as AutoCAD to open the pipeline plan and elevation of the oil station, and check the pipeline path and connection points one by one. It is necessary to indicate the specifications of each pipeline, such as pipeline diameter, wall thickness, material (such as steel pipe or composite pipe), etc., and record the position of each valve and joint. For pipeline connection parts, all pipeline interfaces and connection methods need to be identified to ensure the integrity of the pipeline. According to the pipeline number and identification on the drawing, check the specifications and process requirements of each pipeline. For each pipeline, according to its direction and the facilities involved (such as storage tanks, pumping stations, etc.), further organize the detailed data of each pipeline, including flow rate, pressure level, etc. After completion, all pipeline information is integrated and exported into a file format that can be used for 3D modeling to ensure the accuracy of subsequent modeling.

[0018] Step S14: merging the gas station structure according to the storage tank structure and the pipeline network structure to obtain a three-dimensional component of the gas station; In this embodiment, the storage tank and pipeline information identified in steps S12 and S13 are imported using 3D modeling software (such as SolidWorks, Revit or AutoCAD 3D). The information of the storage tank includes the shape, size, material, accessories, etc. of the storage tank, and the pipeline information includes the size, connection method, direction, etc. of the pipeline. Through the 3D modeling software, these storage tanks and pipeline components are accurately arranged and connected according to the data on the drawing. The position of each storage tank and the direction of the pipeline must meet the layout requirements on the drawing. In the 3D modeling process, special attention should be paid to the connection method between the pipeline and the storage tank to ensure the sealing and structural stability of the connection. For the turns, elbows, valves and pump stations of the pipeline, etc., it is necessary to accurately measure and ensure that they meet the design specifications. In this process, any error in details affects the subsequent simulation and optimization, so it is necessary to strictly follow the size and position of the design drawings to complete the model. Finally, all components are combined into an integral 3D oil station structure and saved in a 3D model file format for subsequent simulation and analysis.

[0019] Step S15: Perform virtual assembly based on the three-dimensional components of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station.

[0020] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional component file of the gas station is imported, and the virtual assembly function (such as the virtual assembly module of SolidWorks or the three-dimensional assembly function of Revit) is used to accurately assemble each component according to the design drawings. During the virtual assembly process, ensure that the connection relationship between each component is accurate, especially the connection between the pipeline and the storage tank needs to be carefully checked. Through the assembly process, check the fit between the components to ensure that no collision or interference occurs. If errors or unreasonable connection methods are found in the assembly process, they can be solved by adjusting the component position or modifying the design. After the assembly is completed, a virtual simulation tool is used for dynamic inspection to ensure the stability of the overall structure of the gas station. In this process, the spatial layout of the gas station is checked to ensure the rationality and operability of each component. Finally, a complete three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station is generated and saved in a standard simulation file format, such as STL, OBJ or other formats suitable for subsequent simulation and optimization.

[0021] Preferably, step S15 is specifically as follows: Step S151: performing component interference detection based on the three-dimensional components of the gas station to obtain component interference data; In this embodiment, the three-dimensional component data of the gas station is imported into interference detection software, such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks, CATIA, etc. These software provide interference detection functions, which can detect whether there are collisions, interferences or unreasonable overlaps between various components. The key steps of interference detection include setting the accuracy and detection range of the detection. The accuracy is usually set to 0.1mm, and the detection range needs to cover the geometric shapes of all components, including storage tanks, pipes, valves, pumping stations, etc. When performing interference detection, the system will automatically identify and list all areas where interference occurs, and record the specific location of the interference, the degree of interference and the affected components. The interference data is presented in a list or graphic form, listing in detail the coordinate information of each interference area, the size and type of the interference object. These interference data are crucial for subsequent optimization and adjustment work, and need to accurately reflect the relative position and geometry of each component. After the detection is completed, the interference data is saved in a standard format (such as CSV, TXT or database form) for subsequent use.

[0022] It is particularly important that step S151 includes the following steps: Extract component structure data of gas station 3D component data; In this embodiment, a three-dimensional scanning device (such as a laser scanner or a structured light scanner) is used to obtain the physical morphology data of the gas station, and point cloud data preprocessing technology (including noise reduction, deduplication, and uniform sampling) is used to ensure data quality. Then, a reconstruction algorithm based on a triangular mesh is used to convert the point cloud data into patch data, and data alignment is performed according to the CAD design files of each component of the gas station, so that the extracted three-dimensional component structure is consistent with the actual gas station layout. In order to realize the geometric relationship analysis between components, it is necessary to perform topological structure analysis, store the connection relationship of each component through an adjacency matrix, and use a topological sorting algorithm to parse the hierarchical structure between components. This process requires clarifying the key components of the gas station, such as oil storage tanks, oil pipelines, valves, filters, pumps, etc., extracting their three-dimensional geometric parameters (such as length, width, height, wall thickness, pipe diameter), and performing data standardization to ensure that the component structure data is complete and accurate.

[0023] Perform surface mesh division according to component structure data to obtain component surface mesh data; In this embodiment, the model is cleaned up for the component structure data, redundant facets are eliminated, topological connections are optimized, and the quality of mesh division is ensured. Then, the component surface is meshed using the Delaunay triangulation algorithm or the octree subdivision method, wherein uniform quadrilateral meshing is used for regular geometric bodies (such as rectangular oil tanks and cubic storage boxes), and adaptive triangulation is used for complex geometric bodies (such as special-shaped pipes and flange interfaces) to improve the mesh quality. The selection of mesh size is set according to the actual size of the oil station components and the simulation requirements. For example, for key components (such as oil pumps and flow meters), a fine mesh of 1mm to 5mm can be used, while for large-scale structures (such as oil tanks and platforms), a coarse mesh of 10mm to 50mm can be used. In order to ensure the morphological quality of the mesh unit, the quality factor (Aspect Ratio, Skewness, Jacobian Ratio) is used to evaluate the mesh, and the mesh quality is optimized by the Laplace smoothing algorithm, so that the deformation rate of all units is controlled within 10% to improve the accuracy of subsequent calculations.

[0024] Perform component space occupancy analysis based on component surface mesh data to obtain component space occupancy data; In this embodiment, the bounding box (Bounding Box) of each component is calculated based on the surface mesh data, the axis-aligned bounding box (AABB) method is used to quickly determine the approximate spatial range of the component, and the minimum enclosing rectangle (MINIMUM ENCLOSING RECTANGLE, MER) algorithm is used to further optimize the bounding box size to improve the accuracy of the space occupancy calculation. Next, a spatial hierarchical model of the component is constructed based on the AABB tree hierarchical enclosing structure, so that subsequent adjacent relationship calculations and interference detection can be accelerated through hierarchical traversal. The spatial occupancy data needs to include the three-dimensional boundary information of the component, including the minimum coordinate point (xmin, ymin, zmin) and the maximum coordinate point (xmax, ymax, zmax), and is stored in standardized units (millimeter or meter). At the same time, in order to more accurately analyze the space occupancy, it is also necessary to calculate the convex hull (ConvexHull) of the component, and construct the minimum envelope of the component through the Quickhull algorithm, so as to more realistically reflect the actual occupancy form of the component.

[0025] Calculate component adjacency relationships based on component space occupancy data to obtain component adjacency relationship data; In this embodiment, a spatial indexing method (such as KD-Tree or R-Tree) is used to construct an adjacency relationship index between components, so that the computational complexity of querying adjacent components is reduced from O(n²) to O(log n), thereby improving computational efficiency. Then, the Euclidean distance calculation method is used to determine the spacing between components, and for components whose spacing is less than a set threshold (such as 5mm or 10mm), their actual contact areas are further calculated. Specifically, for two components A and B, the intersection area of ​​their bounding boxes is calculated. If the volume of the intersection area is greater than the set threshold (such as 1000mm³), it is considered that the two components have a contact relationship. For components with rotating parts (such as valves, pumps) or flexible connections (such as hoses), it is also necessary to use a rotation transformation matrix to calculate their dynamic contact conditions to ensure that the adjacent relationship data can cover the relative positions of components under different operating states. Finally, the adjacent relationship data is stored as an adjacency list structure, and the adjacent component ID, distance, contact area and other information of each component are recorded for interference detection.

[0026] Component interference detection is performed based on component adjacent relationship data to obtain component interference data.

[0027] In this embodiment, the component pairs that interfere are screened out based on the adjacent relationship data, and the surface collision detection method is used for fine-grained analysis. For rigid components (such as oil storage tanks and pipe supports), the OBB (directed bounding box) collision detection algorithm is used to calculate the projection overlap between components. If there is an intersection in the projection area, the GJK (Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi) algorithm is further used to calculate the nearest point distance to accurately determine the interference situation. For components with flexible characteristics (such as rubber pipes and soft connections), the finite element method is used to simulate their deformation, the actual interference degree is calculated through contact stress analysis, and the contact stress threshold (for example, 10MPa) is set to determine whether interference occurs. In addition, the storage of interference data needs to include key information such as interference component ID, interference depth, and interference area, so as to facilitate subsequent interference optimization and adjustment. In order to improve the detection efficiency, parallel computing can be used to accelerate the interference detection process. For example, GPU acceleration algorithms (such as CUDA parallel computing) are used to realize real-time interference detection of large-scale components, so that the detection time is shortened to milliseconds, thereby meeting the real-time requirements of the gas station simulation system.

[0028] Step S152: Optimizing component spacing according to component interference data; In this embodiment, the interference area is analyzed to identify which components have interference, and the minimum distance of interference is calculated. According to the degree of interference, the method of adjusting the spacing between components is adopted to eliminate interference. For example, if the spacing between two storage tanks is insufficient, resulting in mutual interference, their spacing needs to be increased. During adjustment, the increase in spacing is usually set to 2mm to 10mm, and the specific value is determined according to the degree of interference and the size and structural requirements of the components. During the optimization process, it is necessary to ensure that the adjusted component spacing does not affect the overall function and safety of the gas station. The parameters in the optimization process include the geometric dimensions, load-bearing capacity, pipeline flow requirements, etc. of the components, which should be considered during optimization to ensure that the adjusted spacing can meet the structural, operational and safety requirements. All optimized spacing data should be recorded for subsequent adjustment and assembly.

[0029] Step S153: adjusting the component installation position based on the component spacing; In this embodiment, the component spacing is applied to the three-dimensional model of the gas station, and the specific position of each component is adjusted. The components are rearranged in the virtual space according to the optimized spacing through three-dimensional modeling software (such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks, Revit). When adjusting, the movement of the component needs to take into account its function and operating space to avoid excessive squeezing or affecting the installation and use of other components. The adjustment of the installation position should ensure that the position of key components such as storage tanks and pipelines meets the design specifications, and the layout of each component does not interfere with normal operation and maintenance. The adjustment range depends on the functional requirements and layout constraints of each component. The adjustment range is usually set to 10mm to 50mm to ensure the overall structural stability and space utilization efficiency. The installation position of each component needs to be recorded and marked to ensure that the adjusted position meets the requirements of the final three-dimensional simulation model.

[0030] Step S154: reconstructing component connection relationships according to component installation positions; In this embodiment, in the three-dimensional modeling software, the connection relationship between each component is re-established according to the adjusted component installation position. The connection relationship includes the connection between the storage tank and the pipeline, the connection between the valve and the pipeline, etc. According to the design requirements of the oil station, confirm the connection method of each component to ensure that the connection point of the pipeline, the position of the valve, and the interface between the pump station and the storage tank meet the requirements of fluid flow. When reconstructing the connection relationship, pay attention to the direction of the pipeline, the contact method between the pipeline and the storage tank, and the installation requirements of other components to ensure the accuracy and reliability of each connection point. At this time, it is necessary to set technical requirements such as the maximum bending angle of the pipeline connection and the sealing performance of the interface to ensure that no leakage or structural instability occurs during actual operation. All new connection relationships should be recorded in the data sheet for subsequent assembly and optimization.

[0031] Step S155: Perform virtual assembly based on the component connection relationship, wherein the assembly alignment accuracy is set to ≤1 mm and the simulation time step is 0.01-1 s, and generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station.

[0032] In this embodiment, the component connection relationship is imported into the virtual assembly software, and the assembly alignment accuracy is set to ≤1mm to ensure that the connection between the components is accurate. Use the virtual assembly function (such as SolidWorks, AutoCAD, PTC Creo) to perform virtual assembly of the components, and gradually connect the components according to the preset assembly order. During the virtual assembly process, the system automatically calculates the relative position, angle and direction of each component according to the component connection relationship, and accurately aligns them. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the assembly process, the simulation time step is set to 0.01 to 1 second to ensure that the movement process of each component in the virtual environment can be accurately simulated, and the interaction force and stability of the components can be accurately calculated at each step. During the assembly process, if any component is found to be improperly assembled or there is an interference problem, the system will provide real-time feedback and adjust the position of the component or reset the connection relationship as needed. Finally, all components will complete the virtual assembly, generate a complete three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station, and save it in a standard simulation file format, such as STL or OBJ, for subsequent analysis, verification and optimization.

[0033] It is particularly important that step S155 includes the following steps: Analyze assembly constraints based on component connection relationships to obtain assembly constraint data; In this embodiment, the component connection relationship data of the skid-mounted gas station is obtained, and the data includes information such as the interface type, connection method, installation direction, and motion constraints between components. The connection relationship data comes from the gas station design document, the three-dimensional CAD assembly drawing, or the product BOM (Bill of Materials) list. According to the component connection relationship, the assembly constraints are parsed using the topological analysis method. The assembly constraints mainly include fixed constraints, rotation constraints, translation constraints, sliding constraints, etc. Fixed constraints are used to describe the situation where there is no relative motion between components, such as the connection between a flange-connected pipe and an oil tank. Rotation constraints are used to describe the movement of hinged or rotating components, such as the connection between a valve and a pipeline. Translation constraints are used to describe the movement of linear sliding components, such as a fuel gun bracket on a slide rail. Sliding constraints are used to describe the free sliding of components in a specific direction, such as an adjustable support structure. In the process of assembly constraint parsing, computer-aided assembly (CAA, Computer-Aided Assembly) technology is required to extract the constraint data between components through mathematical analysis methods or finite element analysis (FEA, Finite Element Analysis) to ensure that the assembly relationship meets the engineering design requirements.

[0034] Calculate component matching relationships based on component assembly constraint data; In this embodiment, the matching relationship includes key parameters such as contact type, tolerance matching, and assembly sequence between components. The contact type can be divided into three categories: surface contact, line contact, and point contact. For example, flange connection belongs to surface contact, and bearing ball and inner and outer rings belong to point contact. Tolerance matching is used to ensure the dimensional compatibility of components during assembly, such as the clearance, tolerance grade, and roughness requirements of hole-shaft matching. The calculation of the assembly sequence adopts the hierarchical structure analysis method (Hierarchical Assembly Analysis). First, the basic components, such as the base, support frame, etc., are determined, and then other components, such as oil tanks, pipelines, pumps and valves, are gradually assembled upward. In the process of calculating the matching relationship, the Assembly Tolerance Analysis (ATA) method is used to calculate the dimensional error accumulation between different components through the error transfer matrix. For components involving multi-degree-of-freedom motion, such as rotary valves or sliding guides, kinematic simulation software (such as ADAMS, MSC.Nastran) is also required to perform dynamic matching analysis to ensure that the motion between components does not cause interference or over-constraint.

[0035] Perform virtual assembly according to component matching data to obtain virtual assembly data; In this embodiment, virtual assembly uses three-dimensional assembly modeling technology to virtually build all components according to the calculated assembly order and constraint relationship. During the virtual assembly process, it is necessary to define the initial position and target position of each component, and use the assembly transformation matrix (Assembly Transformation Matrix, ATM) to calculate the spatial transformation information of the component, including rotation, translation, scaling and other operations. For components involving complex motion, such as rotatable or sliding structures, it is necessary to use the inverse kinematics algorithm (Inverse Kinematics, IK) for position adjustment to ensure that the components are assembled in the correct posture. During the assembly process, the interference between components is detected. If interference occurs, the assembly path needs to be adjusted or the component spacing needs to be optimized. Interference detection is implemented using geometric Boolean operations (Boolean Operation) or octree partitioning (Octree Partitioning), and the interference area is determined by comparing the geometric overlap between components. All assembly process data, including component position, assembly order, motion trajectory, etc., are stored as virtual assembly data for subsequent three-dimensional simulation.

[0036] Construct a three-dimensional simulation model of a gas station based on virtual assembly data.

[0037] In this embodiment, the construction of the three-dimensional simulation model adopts a simulation method based on physical characteristics to integrate the geometric data, assembly relationship, material properties, physical parameters and other information of the gas station components. First, the virtual assembly data is converted into a format supported by the three-dimensional simulation software (such as ANSYS, SolidWorks Simulation or Unity 3D), such as STL, STEP or IGES format. Then, according to the operating environment of the gas station, the simulation parameters are defined, including fluid parameters (flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc.), structural parameters (material elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, density, etc.) and kinematic parameters (rotation angle, slip speed, etc.). The finite element meshing method is used to decompose the three-dimensional model into small units for physical calculation. The meshing adopts hexahedral units or tetrahedral units, and the mesh density is adjusted according to the simulation accuracy requirements. For example, the mesh density in the key force area is relatively high, generally set to 0.1mm-1mm. Subsequently, based on the simulation environment parameters, the operating conditions of the gas station are simulated, such as the start-up of the gas pump, the flow of pipeline fluids, the operation of valve switches, etc., and key indicators such as structural stress, thermal expansion, and vibration response of the gas station system under different working conditions are monitored. Finally, the data obtained from the simulation calculation is integrated into the 3D simulation model to form a complete 3D simulation system for the gas station for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0038] Preferably, the fuel flow simulation in step S2 includes: Obtain fuel data and perform standardization processing to obtain standardized fuel data; In this embodiment, relevant parameters of the type of fuel used in the skid-mounted gas station are collected, including the density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, etc. of the fuel. The raw data of the fuel can be obtained through gas station sensors or laboratory analysis, and these data are usually expressed in original units, such as kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m³) and Pascal (Pa). The purpose of standardization is to convert these raw data into unified standard units and normalize them to a specific range. For example, the standardization of fuel density can be performed by the formula (ρ fuel-ρ minimum) / (ρ maximum-ρ minimum), where ρ fuel is the actual measured density value, and ρ maximum and ρ minimum are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the fuel density. The standardized data will make the comparison between different data more intuitive and convenient for use in subsequent simulations. For other parameters such as temperature and pressure, similar standardization methods are used to ensure that all data are converted to a standard range, such as the interval from 0 to 1, to facilitate calculation and analysis by the simulation software.

[0039] Transmit the standardized fuel data to the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station, and upload the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to the simulation software; In this embodiment, it is ensured that the standardized fuel data has been stored in a format that is compatible with the simulation software. Commonly used formats include JSON, CSV, XML, etc. In the simulation software, the input data of the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station includes information such as the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the fuel. The simulation software needs to accept these data for further simulation. During the upload process, the standardized fuel data is associated with the relevant parts of the three-dimensional model of the gas station, such as connecting with the pipeline system, storage tanks, pumping stations, etc., to ensure that each component can correctly reflect the characteristics of the fuel during the simulation process. When uploading to the simulation software, it is necessary to confirm that the accuracy of all input data meets the simulation requirements and ensure that the simulation software can correctly parse these data. After uploading, the simulation software will automatically combine the fuel data with the three-dimensional model to perform multi-physics field simulation calculations.

[0040] Carry out fuel flow simulation in the simulation software, set the flow range to 5-200m³ / h and the flow velocity range to 0.1-5m / s; In this embodiment, the flow range is set to 5-200m³ / h, and the flow rate range is 0.1-5m / s. The specific operation is to input the standardized data of the diameter, shape, length and fuel of the pipeline into the simulation model, and the simulation software will calculate the fluid flow in the pipeline based on these parameters. In terms of flow setting, the software adjusts the flow rate of the fuel in the pipeline according to the set flow range, and the flow rate setting will affect the friction loss, pressure distribution and flow stability of the fluid. The purpose of setting these ranges is to simulate the behavior of the gas station system from low flow to high flow, to ensure that the flow of fuel under different working conditions can be fully evaluated. In the simulation program, the flow characteristics of the oil flow in the pipeline are calculated by solving the Navier-Stokes equation and the continuity equation according to parameters such as flow rate and flow rate.

[0041] The fuel pressure distribution is simulated in the simulation software, and the initial pressure of the pipeline is set to 0.1-5MPa and the pressure loss coefficient is set to 0.01-0.1; In this embodiment, the initial pressure range of the pipeline is set to 0.1-5MPa, and the pressure loss coefficient range is set to 0.01-0.1. The specific operation is to input the initial pressure of the pipeline, the length, diameter, fluid characteristics and other data of the pipeline according to the pipeline configuration in the gas station system. The pressure loss coefficient is usually determined based on the roughness of the pipeline, the bending angle and the flow rate of the fluid. During the simulation process, the software will calculate the pressure change in the pipeline based on these initial conditions, and estimate the pressure loss of each pipe section based on the pressure loss coefficient. This simulation will help analyze the transmission pressure of fuel in the pipeline system and detect whether there is excessive pressure loss, which affects the safety and efficiency of pipelines and equipment.

[0042] The fuel temperature field distribution is simulated in the simulation software, and the fuel inlet temperature is set to -20℃ to 80℃, the ambient temperature is 30℃ to 50℃, and the heat transfer coefficient is 10-500W / (m²·K); In this embodiment, the fuel inlet temperature range is set to -20℃ to 80℃, the ambient temperature range is 30℃ to 50℃, and the heat transfer coefficient is set to 10-500W / (m²·K). In this process, the heat exchange conditions of the pipelines in the gas station need to be input into the simulation model, and the heat transfer coefficient of the pipeline surface needs to be set. This coefficient will affect the heat transfer efficiency. The set fuel inlet temperature range is to simulate the operation of the gas station under different climatic conditions, while the ambient temperature reflects the impact of the external environment on the gas station. The setting of the heat transfer coefficient is usually selected according to the material of the pipeline, the surface roughness, and the heat exchange conditions between the pipeline and the environment. During the simulation process, the software will calculate the temperature distribution of each point in the pipeline and analyze the impact of temperature changes on the flow of fuel, especially whether it will have an adverse effect on the fluidity of the fuel when the temperature is low or high.

[0043] Run the fuel flow simulation program in the simulation software to obtain the fuel flow data.

[0044] In this embodiment, the fuel flow simulation program in the simulation software is run to obtain fuel flow data. These data include information such as flow velocity distribution, pressure distribution, and temperature change in the pipeline. The simulation program will generate detailed simulation results by numerically solving the fluid mechanics equations based on all the input conditions and parameters. The obtained flow data can help designers understand the operating status of the gas station system under different flow rates, flow rates, temperatures, and pressures, and further optimize the gas station design to ensure its efficient and safe operation.

[0045] Preferably, the oil reflux detection in step S2 includes: extracting a fuel flow video sequence based on the fuel flow data; In this embodiment, the fuel flow data in the simulation software is exported, and each frame of the image represents the state of the fuel flow at a certain moment. By mapping the fuel flow data of different time steps into continuous image frames and maintaining time continuity, a fuel flow video sequence is generated. Each frame of the image shows the flow path of the fluid in the pipeline and displays the distribution of parameters such as flow rate and pressure. The color or brightness of the image represents different flow states, which is convenient for subsequent processing and analysis. These video sequences record the dynamic changes of the flow state and form a time series of video data for subsequent flow analysis.

[0046] Preprocessing the fuel flow video sequence, including grayscale processing, Gaussian blur and edge detection, to obtain a preprocessed fuel flow video sequence; In this embodiment, the first step is grayscale processing, which converts the color image of each frame into a grayscale image, removes the color information, and retains only the brightness information. This process can simplify the calculation process and reduce the complexity of the data. Next, Gaussian blur is applied for denoising. Gaussian blur makes the image smoother and reduces the impact of noise by weighted averaging each pixel, which helps to improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis. Finally, edge detection is performed, and the Canny edge detection algorithm is commonly used. It can effectively identify the edge part in the image and highlight the pipeline contour and flow direction. Edge detection is to ensure that the flow path is clearly visible in the subsequent steps and the flow structure can be accurately extracted.

[0047] Identify the flow direction of the pre-processed fuel flow video sequence; calculate the flow rate of the pre-processed fuel flow video sequence; In this embodiment, in the preprocessed fuel flow video sequence, the identification of the flow direction is achieved by calculating the pixel displacement of adjacent frames in the image. The pixels in each frame are compared to determine the change in pixel position between adjacent frames, thereby extracting the flow direction. Optical flow method is usually used to match pixels of adjacent frames to obtain the direction and magnitude of pixel displacement. The flow direction of each point is calculated by optical flow, so that the flow trend of the fuel in the pipeline can be obtained and the flow direction of the fluid at each position can be identified. The calculation of the flow rate is based on the pixel displacement between adjacent frames. By calculating the displacement of each pixel in the time series, the flow rate information can be obtained. In each frame of the image, the displacement of each pixel reflects the speed of the fuel flow. By averaging or weighted averaging the displacement of all pixels, the average flow rate of each area is obtained in meters per second (m / s). The flow rate can be calculated at different positions and different time points in the pipeline to obtain the distribution of the flow rate in the entire pipeline.

[0048] Construct an optical flow vector field based on the flow direction and flow rate; In this embodiment, the displacement information of each pixel is converted into a vector form, the direction of the vector indicates the direction of the flow, and the length of the vector indicates the speed of the flow. The optical flow vector field can intuitively display the spatial characteristics of the flow, especially in complex pipeline structures, the vector field can clearly reveal the changing trend of the flow. The optical flow vector field is an important tool for analyzing the flow state, which can effectively display the overall dynamics of the fluid in the pipeline.

[0049] Calculate the curl of the optical flow vector field; identify the vortex area of ​​the optical flow vector field according to the curl; In this embodiment, curl is an important physical quantity that describes the rotation characteristics of the fluid, which indicates the rotation intensity of the fluid at a certain point. In the optical flow vector field, the calculation of the curl is achieved by analyzing the local rotation of the vector field. When calculating the curl, by evaluating the changes in the vector field around each point, it is determined whether the flow has rotation characteristics. If the optical flow vector field shows obvious rotation changes in a certain area, the curl value of the area is higher. The larger the curl value, the more rotational the flow in the area. The vortex area is an area with rotation characteristics in the fluid motion. In the optical flow vector field, the curl can reveal this rotation characteristic. The curl describes the degree of rotation of the fluid at a certain point or in a certain area. When analyzing the optical flow vector field, the curl value of each point is first calculated, which reflects the rotation of the fluid around the point. If the curl value of a local area increases significantly, it indicates that the fluid has rotated in the area and formed a vortex. In order to accurately identify the vortex area, it is necessary to set a curl threshold, which is usually determined based on the actual flow situation and the required accuracy. For example, when the curl threshold is set to 0.1, if the curl value of a certain area exceeds 0.1, the area is considered a vortex area. The choice of the threshold will be adjusted according to the flow state, flow velocity and fluid characteristics of the pipeline. Higher curl values ​​usually correspond to a sharp change in flow or a backflow area, while lower curl values ​​indicate a relatively smooth flow. Therefore, setting an appropriate curl threshold is crucial for accurately identifying vortex areas.

[0050] The oil reflux is detected based on the vortex area to obtain the oil reflux data.

[0051] In this embodiment, in the vortex area, the fluid usually undergoes local reflux or reverse flow, which is manifested as a decrease in flow velocity or a change in flow direction. By analyzing the dynamic changes in the vortex area, the oil reflux phenomenon can be detected. The intensity, location and time series data of the reflux can be obtained by continuously tracking the evolution of the vortex area. The reflux data can provide the flow characteristics of the oil in the pipeline, including the reflux points, reflux intensity, etc., providing valuable data support for the design and optimization of gas station pipelines.

[0052] Preferably, the fuel pipeline cavitation detection in step S2 includes: Mark the oil return area of ​​the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the oil return data; In this embodiment, the information of the reflux area is extracted from the acquired oil flow data, and the characteristics of the reflux are identified by analyzing the flow direction and flow velocity. The reflux area is usually manifested as an area with negative flow velocity or reversed flow direction. Based on these characteristics, the relevant areas are marked in the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station. In order to ensure the accuracy of the reflux area marking, a flow velocity threshold is set. If the flow velocity is less than -0.1m / s, the area is considered to be a reflux area. For different gas station designs and operating conditions, the thresholds are different, so they need to be adjusted according to the actual gas station data. Through these data, the oil reflux area is accurately calibrated and matched with the structural elements (such as pipelines, storage tanks, etc.) in the three-dimensional model of the gas station.

[0053] Detect pressure gradient according to the oil return area; mark low pressure area in the oil return area based on the pressure gradient; In this embodiment, after identifying the oil product reflux area, the pressure distribution is calculated using fluid mechanics. In the reflux area, the pressure gradient is large, so it is necessary to calculate the pressure change rate of each point in the pipeline. By measuring the pressure data in the pipeline of the gas station, a numerical method such as the finite difference method is used to calculate the pressure gradient. Assuming that the pressure gradient exceeds a certain value, it indicates that there is a stronger flow disturbance in the area. Specifically, when the pressure gradient value exceeds 0.2Pa / m, it can be marked as an area with drastic pressure changes. At this time, the area will be further analyzed as a low-pressure area, especially in places where the fluid refluxes, the pressure is often low. Once the pressure gradient is calculated, in the reflux area, by setting a pressure gradient threshold, the low-pressure area can be accurately identified. Low-pressure areas usually appear in the center of the reflux area or where the flow rate changes extremely. Set a pressure threshold, such as an area below 0.5MPa, and regard it as a low-pressure area. By screening the pressure data of the entire three-dimensional model, the low-pressure area is accurately calibrated and marked on the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station.

[0054] Calculate the turbulence intensity in the low-pressure area; determine the turbulence cavitation value based on the preset cavitation critical value and turbulence intensity to obtain the turbulence cavitation value; In this embodiment, after the low-pressure area is confirmed, the turbulence intensity of the area is calculated based on the principles of fluid dynamics. Turbulence intensity reflects the irregularity of the fluid and the degree of flow disturbance. The turbulence intensity in the low-pressure area is calculated by combining the flow velocity and viscosity data through simulation software or analytical methods. The calculation of turbulence intensity is usually based on the standard deviation of flow velocity fluctuations or the disturbance amplitude of the flow field. A turbulence intensity threshold is set. For example, when the intensity exceeds 0.5, it means that the flow in the area is very unstable and cavitation is formed. The turbulence intensity is compared with the critical value of cavitation (such as the critical turbulence intensity for cavitation to occur is 0.7). If the turbulence intensity exceeds the critical value, it is considered to have a potential risk of cavitation. Through this judgment rule, areas with high turbulence intensity and cavitation occur are identified. The calculation of turbulent cavitation value for each low-pressure area will be judged in combination with specific pressure, flow velocity and turbulence intensity data.

[0055] According to the turbulent cavitation value, the suspected cavitation area is identified in the low-pressure area to obtain the suspected cavitation area; In this embodiment, the low-pressure area is analyzed in combination with the turbulent cavitation value. When the turbulent cavitation value exceeds the set critical value (such as 0.8), the area can be determined as a suspected cavitation area. Based on this judgment, these suspected cavitation areas are marked using simulation software. These areas are usually in low-pressure and high-turbulence areas, where bubbles are easily generated and cavitation occurs.

[0056] Based on laser transmission to the suspected cavitation area, laser transmission data is obtained; In this embodiment, laser transmission is to evaluate the presence of bubbles by emitting a laser beam and detecting its transmission in the bubble area. A laser detection instrument is used to emit a laser beam to the suspected cavitation area, and the transmittance of the laser is measured by a receiver. The change in transmittance reflects the presence of the bubble area. When the transmittance drops to a set threshold (such as less than 0.5), it indicates that there are large bubbles in the area. Through this technology, the bubble distribution in the suspected cavitation area is further confirmed.

[0057] Calculate the transmittance of the laser transmission data; determine the bubble area of ​​the suspected cavitation area based on the transmittance; In this embodiment, the transmittance is calculated by measuring the laser light intensity to determine the degree of laser passage in the bubble area. In the bubble area, light will be scattered and absorbed, resulting in a decrease in transmittance. By setting the transmittance threshold, the specific range of the bubble area can be confirmed. If the transmittance is lower than 0.5, it means that the bubbles in this area are more obvious, and further analysis is required to determine whether cavitation occurs in this area. The bubble area is marked using the transmittance data. When the transmittance data reflects a significant decrease, combined with the presence of bubbles, the area is calibrated as a bubble area. The identification of the bubble area helps with subsequent cavitation analysis, especially in areas with lower pressure, where the accumulation of bubbles exacerbates the occurrence of cavitation.

[0058] Monitor pipeline pressure in bubble areas and plot pipeline pressure graphs; In this embodiment, the pressure in the bubble area is continuously monitored, real-time data is collected and a pressure graph is drawn. The pipeline pressure graph can show the pressure change trend in the bubble area at different time points. The fast-dropping section in the pressure graph usually represents the risk area for cavitation. The monitoring process is completed by installing a pressure sensor and a real-time data transmission system, and the pressure graph can be drawn through simulation software or a dedicated data visualization tool.

[0059] Identify periods of rapid pressure drop based on pipeline pressure graphs; In this embodiment, by analyzing the pipeline pressure graph, the phenomenon of rapid drop in a certain time period is identified. Rapid drop usually indicates the potential problem of cavitation. A pressure drop threshold is set. When the pipeline pressure drops by more than a certain proportion in a short period of time (for example, a drop of more than 10%), it is considered a rapid pressure drop, indicating the risk of cavitation. This time period can be used as the focus of subsequent cavitation detection.

[0060] The fuel pipeline cavitation detection is performed according to the period of rapid pressure drop to obtain the fuel pipeline cavitation data.

[0061] In this embodiment, the period in which the pressure in the pipeline drops rapidly in a short period of time is monitored, and by setting a pressure change rate threshold, such as when the pressure drops by more than 10% within 1 second, the period is determined to be a period of rapid pressure drop. At this time, the cavitation detection program is started, and a detailed analysis is performed on the state of the fluid in the pipeline during this period. The generation of bubbles usually occurs in areas where the pressure drops rapidly, especially in low-pressure areas. When the pressure of the gas in the fluid drops below its vapor pressure, bubbles begin to be generated. The bubble information in the pipeline is monitored in real time by sensors, including the size, number and distribution of bubbles, and ultrasonic sensors or laser transmission instruments are used for bubble detection to obtain real-time data of bubbles. On this basis, the growth process of bubbles is analyzed by combining fluid dynamics models and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Further, the impact of bubbles on the fluid in the pipeline is evaluated, especially in high-speed flow areas, where bubbles will generate violent shock waves, leading to instability of the fluid in the pipeline, thereby exacerbating the cavitation phenomenon. According to the formation and growth of bubbles, the cavitation index is calculated, and the value of the cavitation index is usually quantified based on factors such as the number, volume and distribution of bubbles. Set the critical value of the cavitation index. For example, when the cavitation index exceeds 1.0, it can be considered that significant cavitation has occurred in the pipeline. Based on this data, a cavitation report is generated. The report will list the number, size, cavitation index and other data of bubbles in detail, and analyze its potential impact on the pipeline, such as material corrosion, pipeline damage or decreased fluid flow efficiency. The ultimate goal of cavitation detection is to provide a scientific basis for the maintenance and management of oil stations, so as to take effective measures to avoid the harm of cavitation to pipelines and oil transportation.

[0062] Preferably, step S3 specifically comprises: Step S31: marking the pipeline cavitation position based on the fuel pipeline cavitation data; In this embodiment, during the pipeline cavitation detection stage, bubble sensors, ultrasonic sensors and other equipment are installed to monitor the bubble data in the pipeline in real time. The location of the cavitation area is determined by analyzing the distribution, size and number of bubbles, combined with the flow rate, pressure, temperature and other information of the pipeline. The bubble detection results are usually processed by the signal fed back by the sensor, and a threshold value of the number of bubbles is set (for example: when the number of bubbles in a certain section of the pipeline is greater than 50, the area is marked as a cavitation location). This step will determine which pipe sections are cavitation areas based on the geometric structure of the pipeline and the fluid state (such as when the pressure is less than the steam pressure), thereby providing basic data for subsequent processing.

[0063] Step S32: continuously monitoring the heat load of the fuel pipe body at the position of pipeline cavitation; In this embodiment, the heat load of the pipe body in these areas is continuously monitored based on the marked cavitation areas. The heat load is usually collected in real time through the temperature sensor of the pipeline, and analyzed together with factors such as flow rate, flow velocity, and pressure. The calculation of the heat load takes into account factors such as the heat change and flow state of the fluid in the pipeline. For example, the threshold range for temperature monitoring is set to 50°C to 100°C, and the heat load of the fuel in the pipeline is evaluated based on the output data of the flow sensor. When the monitored temperature rises abnormally, it is considered that the heat load of the area exceeds the normal range and requires further monitoring.

[0064] Step S33: evaluating the fuel pipe body pressure based on the fuel pipe body heat load; In this embodiment, based on the monitored pipeline heat load data, combined with the real-time fluid pressure data in the pipeline, the pressure state of the pipeline is evaluated. The heat load usually affects the flow characteristics of the fluid in the pipeline, and then affects the pressure in the pipeline. Using the fluid mechanics model, combined with factors such as the temperature and flow rate in the pipeline, the pressure distribution in the pipeline can be calculated by a formula. For example, the standard range of the pressure in the pipeline is set to 0.1-5MPa, and exceeding this range is an abnormal state. Based on the heat load data and the fluid dynamics calculation model, the pressure state of each area of ​​the pipeline is further evaluated and corresponding processing is made.

[0065] Step S34: calculating the temperature of the fuel pipe body based on the heat load of the fuel pipe body; In this embodiment, based on the monitored pipeline heat load data, combined with the real-time fluid pressure data in the pipeline, the pressure state of the pipeline is evaluated. The heat load usually affects the flow characteristics of the fluid in the pipeline, and then affects the pressure in the pipeline. Using the fluid mechanics model, combined with factors such as the temperature and flow rate in the pipeline, the pressure distribution in the pipeline can be calculated by a formula. For example, the standard range of the pressure in the pipeline is set to 0.1-5MPa, and exceeding this range is an abnormal state. Based on the heat load data and the fluid dynamics calculation model, the pressure state of each area of ​​the pipeline is further evaluated and corresponding processing is made.

[0066] Step S35: determining the fuel vapor pressure according to the fuel pipe body temperature; In this embodiment, fuel vapor pressure is one of the key factors affecting the occurrence of cavitation. According to the temperature data of the fuel in the pipeline, the vapor pressure of the fuel at this temperature can be calculated using the physical properties of the fuel (such as boiling point, critical temperature, etc.). Generally, the vapor pressure of the fuel increases with the increase of temperature. When the temperature of the fuel in the pipeline rises to near its vapor pressure, bubbles are likely to form. In this step, the vapor pressure data of the fuel in the pipeline is obtained by calculation through temperature data and the corresponding vapor pressure formula. For example, the temperature range for vapor pressure calculation is set to -20°C to 80°C, and accurate calculation is performed in combination with the specific composition and properties of the oil product.

[0067] Step S36: Identify the vaporization critical point according to the fuel vapor pressure and the fuel pipe pressure; In this embodiment, the vaporization critical point refers to the vaporization phenomenon that occurs when the vapor pressure of the fuel in the pipeline is equal to the pressure in the pipe body. By comparing the real-time pressure and vapor pressure data in the fuel pipeline, when the vapor pressure of the fuel in the pipeline is equal to or greater than the actual pressure in the pipeline, vaporization will occur in the pipeline. At this time, the standard of the vaporization critical point can be set, that is, when the difference between the vapor pressure and the pressure is less than a certain threshold (for example: 0.05MPa), it is considered that the vaporization critical point has been reached. By monitoring the temperature and pressure data in the pipeline, combined with the set vaporization critical point standard, it is possible to identify in real time whether the pipeline has entered the vaporization risk area.

[0068] Step S37: Evaluate the fuel gasification risk based on the gasification critical point.

[0069] In this embodiment, bubble generation and gasification occur near the gasification critical point, resulting in instability of the fluid in the pipeline. The gasification risk in the pipeline is evaluated based on the pressure and vapor pressure data, combined with the properties and flow state of the fuel. Assuming that the threshold of the gasification risk is set to the bubble density or gasification index, when it exceeds the set standard, the pipeline is considered to face a high gasification risk. By continuously monitoring the pressure, temperature and flow state of the pipeline, the gasification risk data is updated in real time, and measures are taken, such as reducing the pressure or temperature, to prevent the gasification phenomenon from occurring.

[0070] Preferably, step S4 is specifically: Step S41: identifying risky fuel pipelines in the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the risk of fuel gasification; In this embodiment, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is used to evaluate and identify areas with higher gasification risks by combining the real-time pressure, temperature, vapor pressure, and flow rate data in the pipeline. A gasification risk threshold is set (for example, when the gasification index exceeds 0.6, the pipeline section is considered to be a risky pipeline). By comparing with the pipeline data in the three-dimensional simulation model, the location of the risky fuel pipeline is marked, and data support is provided for subsequent processing.

[0071] Step S42: monitoring the fuel flow rate of the risk fuel pipeline; In this embodiment, for the identified risk fuel pipeline, a flow sensor is installed for real-time monitoring to obtain the flow rate data of the fuel in the pipeline. The sensor collects data and accurately calculates the flow rate in combination with the geometric shape of the pipeline and the properties of the oil. The standard value of the flow rate is set (for example, the normal flow rate range is 0.5-3m / s). When the flow rate exceeds the set range, it indicates that turbulence or other abnormal flow conditions occur in the pipeline. The real-time monitoring data will be used for subsequent flow type classification and pipeline status assessment.

[0072] Step S43: classifying the risk fuel pipeline into flow types according to the fuel flow rate, and obtaining turbulent fuel pipeline data and laminar fuel pipeline data; In this embodiment, real-time flow velocity data of each point in the pipeline is collected and analyzed in combination with the Reynolds number theory in fluid mechanics. The Reynolds number (Re) is an important indicator of the flow state of the fluid, and its calculation formula is Re=(ρ*V*D) / μ, where ρ is the fluid density, V is the flow velocity, D is the inner diameter of the pipeline, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid. The Reynolds number is calculated by substituting the flow velocity data of each pipeline section into the formula. In order to classify the flow type, the critical value of the Reynolds number is set to 2000, that is, when the Reynolds number is greater than 2000, the flow in the pipeline is considered to be in a turbulent state; if the Reynolds number is less than 2000, the flow is considered to be in a laminar state. Through this standard, the flow types of all risk fuel pipelines are divided into turbulent and laminar, and the turbulent fuel pipeline data and laminar fuel pipeline data are recorded separately according to the flow velocity and Reynolds number. These data not only cover the flow state of each section of the pipeline, but also include specific physical parameters such as flow velocity and Reynolds number, providing a detailed basis for subsequent pipeline location identification, material selection and explosion-proof design. This flow type classification method can accurately identify the flow state in the pipeline, thereby providing data support for optimizing pipeline design and ensuring pipeline safety.

[0073] Step S44: Based on the turbulent fuel pipeline data, the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station is used to identify the position of the turbulent fuel pipeline to obtain the position of the turbulent fuel pipeline; based on the position of the turbulent fuel pipeline, carbon fiber composite material is filled to obtain carbon fiber composite material data; In this embodiment, the geometry, flow velocity and flow type of each section of the pipeline are analyzed, and combined with the theory of fluid mechanics, it is determined which sections of the pipeline belong to the turbulent area. The location where turbulence occurs is determined by the relationship between the Reynolds number and the flow velocity, and the location of the turbulent pipeline is marked in the three-dimensional simulation model. For the identified turbulent fuel pipeline, carbon fiber composite materials are selected for filling design based on the high strength, corrosion resistance and other performance requirements of the material. The filling thickness of the carbon fiber composite material is usually set to 2-5mm according to the pipeline diameter and the fluid flow pressure. The distribution of carbon fiber materials is calculated through the simulation model, and specific carbon fiber composite material data is obtained, which is incorporated into the subsequent design to ensure that the design scheme meets the strength and durability requirements of the pipeline.

[0074] Step S45: Based on the laminar fuel pipeline data, the laminar fuel pipeline position is identified on the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to obtain the laminar fuel pipeline position; according to the laminar fuel pipeline position, the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating is designed to obtain the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating data; In this embodiment, by analyzing the flow type of each section of the pipeline, combined with the flow velocity and Reynolds number data, all laminar flow areas are marked. The pipeline characteristics in the laminar flow area, such as low flow velocity and stable flow, usually do not produce obvious turbulence or pressure fluctuations. Based on these data, the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating is designed. During the design, the working pressure of the fluid in the pipeline and the external ambient temperature are considered to determine the thickness of the coating, which is generally 1-3mm. The choice of thickness ensures that it can effectively cope with the effects of gas explosions and pressure fluctuations, while taking into account long-term corrosion resistance. According to the specific location, size and pressure conditions of the pipeline, a specific application plan for the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating is formulated, and the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating data is generated in the three-dimensional simulation model. These data will be used for subsequent engineering implementation to ensure that the pipelines in the laminar flow area meet the design requirements of explosion-proof and pressure resistance.

[0075] Step S46: Integrate the carbon fiber composite material data and the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating data to obtain explosion-proof material data; In this embodiment, by integrating the data of carbon fiber composite materials and epoxy resin explosion-proof coatings, the data of the two explosion-proof materials are summarized and their roles in their respective pipeline locations are analyzed. For turbulent areas, carbon fiber composite materials mainly play a role in enhancing pipeline strength and corrosion resistance; for laminar areas, epoxy resin coatings mainly play a role in explosion prevention and protection of pipelines. The integrated explosion-proof material data will include detailed information such as material type, thickness, coating area, etc., and provide data support for the safety design of gas stations.

[0076] Step S47: designing an inert gas explosion-proof device for the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the risk of fuel gasification, and obtaining inert gas explosion-proof device data; In this embodiment, an inert gas release device is installed in the pipeline area with a higher risk of gasification to deal with the gasification problem. During the design, the start threshold is determined based on the gasification risk index of the pipeline (for example, when the gasification risk index exceeds 0.7). Then, according to the data such as the gasification pressure, temperature and flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline, a suitable inert gas (usually nitrogen) is selected, and the required gas flow rate and release pressure are calculated. The designed inert gas release device needs to match the pressure control system of the pipeline to ensure that when the gasification risk increases, the gas can be released in a timely and stable manner to prevent the formation of bubbles or the degree of gasification. On this basis, the relationship between the gas release amount and the flow rate and temperature in the pipeline is further considered to ensure that the release of the inert gas can effectively suppress the gasification phenomenon. Finally, based on the above design parameters, the relevant data of the inert gas explosion-proof device is generated and integrated into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station for subsequent engineering implementation and real-time monitoring.

[0077] Step S48: Integrate the explosion-proof material data and the inert gas explosion-proof device data into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation optimization model of the gas station.

[0078] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof material data obtained by the design of carbon fiber composite materials and epoxy resin explosion-proof coatings are integrated with the inert gas explosion-proof device data designed based on gasification risk assessment. These data include the type, thickness, location, applicable area of ​​the explosion-proof material, and the installation location, start-up threshold, gas flow rate and pressure of the inert gas explosion-proof device. Using the three-dimensional simulation platform, these data are accurately embedded in the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to ensure that the explosion-proof measures of all risk pipeline sections are fully reflected. The locations of all identified risk pipeline sections are accurately calibrated in the three-dimensional model, especially those areas with high gasification risks. Subsequently, according to the design data of the carbon fiber composite material and epoxy resin coating determined in the previous step, they are respectively mapped to the pipeline surface of these high-risk areas, and the distribution of explosion-proof materials is accurately recorded. At the same time, the design parameters of the inert gas explosion-proof device (such as the specific location of the equipment, gas flow rate, pressure requirements and start-up conditions) are integrated into the three-dimensional model, and the installation point and operating status of the device are marked. The integrated three-dimensional simulation optimization model can intuitively display the specific location and configuration of all explosion-proof materials and inert gas explosion-proof devices. Through this optimization model, we can clearly see the layout effects of various explosion-proof devices and materials, and evaluate their effects on improving the safety of gas stations. The model can also perform dynamic monitoring and risk assessment during gas station operations, and timely adjust and optimize the explosion-proof design by simulating the performance under different gasification risk conditions to maximize the safe operation of the gas station. In addition, through simulation, system vulnerabilities or deficiencies in explosion-proof measures can be identified in advance and corrected before actual application, thereby providing technical support for the safety management and emergency response of gas stations.

[0079] Preferably, step S47 is specifically as follows: Step S471: identifying high-risk fuel gasification structures of the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the fuel gasification risk; In this embodiment, real-time data such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, and vapor pressure of each pipeline section inside the gas station are collected. These data can be obtained by sensors installed on the pipelines of the gas station. According to the gasification theory in fluid mechanics, these data are input into the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model for analysis to calculate the gasification risk index of each pipeline section. Assuming that the gasification risk threshold is set to 0.7, when the gasification risk index of a pipeline section exceeds this threshold, the pipeline section will be considered as a high-risk fuel gasification structure. By comparing the data of each pipeline section, the location of these high-risk structures is identified and highlighted in the three-dimensional model to ensure that the risk area is accurately identified and located.

[0080] Step S472: Arranging inert gas injection points for the high-risk fuel gasification structure to obtain inert gas injection points; In this embodiment, the location of the injection point is determined based on the high-risk area. Specifically, the appropriate injection point location is selected based on parameters such as the degree of gasification, pressure and temperature of the fluid in the pipeline. The inert gas injection point is usually arranged in the pipeline section close to the gasification risk area to ensure that the inert gas can effectively cover the gasification risk area and prevent the occurrence of fuel gasification. The location of each injection point needs to consider factors such as the fluid flow direction and pipeline elbows to avoid setting the injection point in an area where the fluid flow is restricted, thereby affecting the injection effect. The number and location of the injection points should be reasonably planned according to the specific size of the high-risk area and the pipeline configuration to ensure that the inert gas can be evenly distributed throughout the risk area. The three-dimensional simulation model can be used to simulate the gas injection effect and optimize the layout of the injection points.

[0081] Step S473: performing an inert gas injection simulation based on the inert gas injection point, and performing an inert gas leakage analysis on the simulation process to obtain inert gas leakage data; In this embodiment, a gas injection simulation is performed according to the arranged inert gas injection points. The injection process is simulated using a CFD model to simulate the flow behavior of an inert gas (such as nitrogen). The parameters that need to be input include the flow rate, flow rate, temperature, and physical properties of the gas (such as density, viscosity, etc.). By simulating the injection process, the distribution of the gas in the pipeline and its flow path are monitored, while taking into account the diffusion and transmission behavior of the gas under different pressure and temperature conditions. For the leakage point, further inert gas leakage analysis is performed to monitor whether the gas has leaked, and inert gas leakage data is generated based on data such as gas leakage amount, leakage path, and leakage rate. These data will be used for subsequent gas leakage path identification and explosion-proof barrier design.

[0082] Step S474: identifying a gas leakage path based on the inert gas leakage data; In this embodiment, the location of the leakage point is determined by analyzing the leakage data in the simulation results. It is necessary to determine the main path of the leakage by calculating the pressure distribution of the gas flow, the velocity distribution and the location of the leakage point of the pipeline. The identification of the leakage path depends on the CFD simulation results, and the specific location and length of the leakage path are calibrated in combination with data such as gas leakage volume, flow direction and leakage pressure. In particular, attention should be paid to the parts prone to leakage such as pipeline connection points and elbows to ensure the complete identification of the leakage path. Through accurate gas leakage path identification, data support can be provided for the subsequent optimization of injection parameters and explosion-proof barrier design.

[0083] Step S475: Optimizing gas injection parameters according to the gas leakage path; In this embodiment, the gas injection parameters are further optimized based on the gas leakage path. The input parameters include the length of the leakage path, the location of the leakage point, and the amount of gas leaked, all of which come from the gas leakage path identification data in the previous stage. The gas flow model is established using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool, and a complete gas flow simulation model is established by combining the physical properties of the gas such as temperature, pressure, density, viscosity, etc., and the geometric parameters of the pipeline, such as inner diameter, length and bending angle. By simulating the gas diffusion on the leakage path, the distribution effect of the injected gas on the leakage path is calculated. Then, the injection parameters, including injection pressure, injection rate and injection angle, are adjusted according to the simulation results. The adjustment of the injection pressure is based on the pressure difference inside and outside the pipeline and the gas flow rate at the leakage point to ensure that the gas can effectively pass through the pipeline and reach the leakage area. The setting of the injection angle is based on the geometric shape of the leakage path, especially when there are pipeline elbows or other complex structures, the injection angle needs to be adjusted to the optimal position. The injection rate is determined based on the gas flow rate at the leakage point to ensure that the flow of gas can effectively cover the leakage area in the pipeline. In addition, external environmental factors such as temperature and air pressure have an impact on the density and flow characteristics of the gas, so these will also be included in the optimization process, especially in low or high temperature environments, the gas injection parameters will be adjusted accordingly. Through multiple rounds of simulation, the injection parameters are adjusted until the best injection effect is obtained. The optimized parameters such as the injection pressure are set to 5-10MPa, the injection rate is set to 30-50m³ gas per hour, and the injection angle is adjusted to between 30° and 45° according to the specific layout of the leakage path. The ultimate goal is to ensure that the inert gas can evenly cover the leakage path and form an effective protective layer, thereby effectively reducing the risk of gas leakage.

[0084] Step S476: identifying a main leakage path according to the gas leakage path; designing a gas explosion-proof barrier for the main leakage path to obtain gas explosion-proof barrier data; In this embodiment, the leakage path is usually the path with the largest leakage or the widest impact range, and it needs to be paid special attention. By analyzing the flow characteristics of the gas leakage path, the location of the main leakage path is determined, and the explosion-proof barrier is designed according to its leakage nature and risk level. The design of the explosion-proof barrier needs to take into account the external environment of the pipeline, the nature of the leaking gas, the leakage rate, and the performance requirements of the barrier material. The design of the barrier includes selecting suitable explosion-proof materials, determining the thickness and shape of the barrier, and setting the activation conditions of the explosion-proof device. Common explosion-proof barrier design materials include steel, composite materials, etc., and their thickness and strength are accurately calculated according to the flow rate and pressure of the leaking gas. After completing the barrier design, the data of the gas explosion-proof barrier is generated for use in the subsequent deployment of explosion-proof devices.

[0085] Step S477: Integrate the gas injection parameters and the gas explosion-proof barrier data to obtain the inert gas explosion-proof device data.

[0086] In this embodiment, the optimized injection parameters (such as injection pressure, injection angle, injection rate, etc.) are combined with the detailed data of the explosion-proof barrier design to form a complete explosion-proof device design plan. According to the pipeline layout and leakage risk areas of the gas station, these data are applied to the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to ensure that the inert gas explosion-proof device can cover all high-risk areas. In the integration process, it is necessary to consider the collaborative work of each device to ensure that the gas injection and explosion-proof barrier can work together in the event of a leak, thereby providing comprehensive safety protection. Ultimately, the generated inert gas explosion-proof device data will provide a basis for gas station safety management and emergency response, ensuring timely and effective response when a gas leak occurs.

[0087] Preferably, step S476 is specifically as follows: Perform gas diffusion simulation based on gas leakage paths and identify the main leakage paths during the simulation; In this embodiment, the location information of the leakage point, gas type, leakage rate, temperature, pressure and other parameters are extracted from the gas leakage path identification data in the previous stage. Using these parameters, based on fluid mechanics theory, gas diffusion simulation is performed through CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software. During the simulation, the initial conditions are set, including the leakage location, pressure difference, physical properties of the gas, and ambient temperature, to ensure that the simulation process truly reflects the actual leakage situation. In the simulation, the diffusion path of the gas in the pipeline or structure is calculated to obtain the distribution of the gas concentration. Through the simulation process, the main diffusion path of the gas can be determined, that is, the path with a large gas flow rate and a wide diffusion range, which is calibrated as the main leakage path. The data of the main leakage path includes the spatial position of the path, the gas flow rate, the gas concentration distribution and its changes, etc., which provide the basis for the subsequent barrier design.

[0088] Identifying a gas diffusion path based on a main leakage path, and setting a gas barrier according to the gas diffusion path to obtain gas barrier data; In this embodiment, the diffusion path is not only the direct path of gas leakage, but also includes the area where the gas diffuses to the surrounding environment, which needs to be obtained through CFD simulation analysis. Specifically, the diffusion of gas after leakage is simulated by CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software, and the flow and diffusion of gas in the pipeline and its surrounding space are simulated using known parameters such as leakage rate, leakage location, gas type, air pressure, ambient temperature and wind speed. In the simulation, by tracking the change of gas concentration over time, the diffusion range and speed of the gas are obtained, and the area with the highest gas concentration and the boundary of gas diffusion are calibrated. Based on these data, the diffusion path of the gas and its influence range can be determined. After the gas diffusion path is identified, the next task is to design a gas barrier according to the characteristics of these paths. The design of the barrier needs to consider multiple factors, including the direction of gas flow, flow rate, gas concentration, temperature of the surrounding environment, and obstacles. According to these conditions, select appropriate materials and structures to design the gas barrier to ensure that it can effectively prevent the diffusion of gas. The material of the barrier should generally have a high gas isolation performance, such as using polymer materials such as polyethylene and polyurethane, or metal barriers (such as steel plates). These materials have good gas permeability resistance and can prevent the gas from continuing to diffuse to dangerous areas. The layout of the gas barrier needs to be strictly based on the specific data of the gas diffusion path, such as the gas diffusion rate and the peak position of the gas concentration to determine the optimal position and thickness of the barrier. Through these parameters, the design requirements of the barrier such as thickness, shape, and sealing can be calculated to ensure that the gas can be effectively isolated outside the barrier to prevent the leaked gas from continuing to spread. During the design process, it is also necessary to combine the installation method of the barrier to ensure that it can work reliably in the actual environment and avoid the degradation of the barrier performance due to environmental factors (such as high temperature, high humidity, etc.). The design data of the gas barrier should include the location of the barrier, the selected material, thickness, structural design, sealing performance, and installation method, etc. These data provide a technical basis for the implementation of safety protection measures for gas stations.

[0089] Marking key path points based on the main leakage path, and setting adsorption barriers according to the key path points to obtain adsorption barrier data; In this embodiment, based on the gas diffusion path, the key path points in the gas diffusion process are further marked. These key points generally include the maximum point of gas concentration, the area with faster gas diffusion speed, and the area where secondary leakage occurs. The gas flow model is used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of the gas, especially the change of concentration over time, to determine the area with higher risk in the diffusion process. Specifically, the CFD simulation is used to calculate the concentration distribution of the gas in different time periods to obtain the point with the highest concentration and the area with faster diffusion speed. For these key path points, accurate calibration is required to ensure that the areas with greater risks in the gas diffusion process can be effectively identified, especially those areas where the gas concentration rises rapidly or the leakage rate is high. For these calibrated key points, an adsorption barrier is designed and set. The function of the adsorption barrier is to reduce the concentration of the gas in the area by adsorbing gas molecules, thereby reducing the potential threat of gas to the environment and equipment. When selecting an adsorbent material, it is necessary to consider the physicochemical properties of the gas, such as the size, polarity, molecular weight, etc. of the gas molecules, which directly affect the selection of the adsorbent material. Commonly used adsorbent materials include activated carbon, molecular sieves, etc., which have a high specific surface area and adsorption capacity, and can effectively adsorb gas molecules and reduce gas concentration. The layout of the adsorption barrier is determined according to the calibration results of key points. The adsorption barrier should be set in the area with the highest gas concentration or the area with faster gas diffusion rate. The thickness of the adsorption barrier is usually set to 3-5mm, and the specific thickness is determined according to the gas concentration, diffusion rate and characteristics of the adsorption material. The design of the adsorption barrier also needs to consider the installation method to ensure that the adsorption material can continue to play an effective role and prevent the adsorption effect from decreasing due to time and environmental changes. Through these steps, the design data of the adsorption barrier is finally obtained, including the location of the adsorption barrier, the selected adsorption material, thickness, layout method and installation requirements, etc., to provide effective support for subsequent explosion-proof design.

[0090] Calculate the gas leakage rate based on the gas leakage path and predict the explosion risk based on the volume leakage rate; In this embodiment, the calculation of the leakage rate needs to comprehensively consider parameters such as the air pressure, temperature, properties of the gas in the pipeline, leakage area, and pressure difference at the time of leakage. Using these data, the gas dynamics equation can be applied to calculate the specific leakage rate, usually expressed as flow rate per minute (m³ / min). Based on data such as the gas leakage rate, ambient temperature and pressure, the possibility of gas accumulation and the risk of causing an explosion are predicted. To ensure accuracy, it is necessary to set a gas concentration threshold in combination with the lower explosion limit (LEL) and upper explosion limit (UEL) of the gas. Once the concentration reaches or exceeds the LEL, it is determined to be a potential explosion risk. The specific value of the leakage rate depends on parameters such as the inner diameter of the pipeline, the leakage area, the gas flow rate, and the pressure difference.

[0091] Based on the explosion risk, a high explosion risk path of the gas leakage path is calibrated, and a physical barrier is set based on the high explosion risk path to obtain physical barrier data; In this embodiment, based on the explosion risk, the gas leakage path is further evaluated, and the leakage path with high explosion risk is calibrated by comparing the leakage rate, gas concentration and explosion hazard of different paths. Specifically, first, according to the relationship between the gas leakage rate and the explosion threshold, a critical value of the leakage rate is determined. When the leakage rate exceeds the critical value, the path is regarded as a high explosion risk path. In addition, the concentration level of the gas also needs to be compared with the explosion limit concentration (LEL, UEL). When the gas concentration approaches or exceeds the lower explosion limit, the risk value of the path will be further increased. According to these parameters of the leakage path, a multi-dimensional risk assessment is performed, and the high explosion risk of the leakage path is comprehensively judged. By analyzing the data such as the leakage rate and gas concentration, the leakage path with higher risk is identified and calibrated as a high explosion risk path. After that, a physical barrier design is performed on these high-risk paths. The design of the physical barrier first needs to consider the strength, high temperature resistance, impact resistance and other properties of the barrier material. According to the type and properties of the leaked gas and the size of the explosion risk, select appropriate explosion-resistant materials, such as steel plates, concrete, etc. These materials have high impact resistance, high temperature resistance and isolation, and can effectively prevent gas leakage and spread and prevent explosion accidents. In the design of the thickness of the barrier, it is usually set to 10-20mm, and the specific thickness depends on the pressure, temperature and explosion risk assessment results of the leaking gas. The installation position of the barrier needs to be connected with the risk point of the gas leakage path to ensure that the barrier can cover the key areas of gas leakage to the greatest extent and prevent gas diffusion. The design data of the physical barrier will include detailed parameters such as the specific location of the barrier, the selected material, the thickness of the barrier, impact strength, high temperature resistance and installation method, to ensure that the further diffusion of the gas can be effectively prevented in the event of a leak, reducing the risk of explosion.

[0092] The gas barrier data, adsorption barrier data and physical barrier data are integrated to obtain the gas explosion barrier data.

[0093] In this embodiment, various types of barrier data are integrated to form a complete gas explosion-proof barrier design scheme. The gas explosion-proof barrier data include the type of barrier (gas barrier, adsorption barrier, physical barrier), the location, material, thickness, installation method, etc. of the barrier. By integrating these data, a systematic explosion-proof barrier network is constructed, which can effectively deal with the risks of gas leakage and explosion in gas stations. The integration process needs to ensure that the layout of various barriers is reasonable, covering all high-risk areas, avoiding blind spots, and ensuring the synergy between the barriers to minimize the dangers caused by gas leakage.

[0094] Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive from all points, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the application documents are included in the present invention.

[0095] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features invented herein.

Claims

1. An integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: obtaining a skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; constructing a three-dimensional component of the gas station according to the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; Perform virtual assembly based on the three-dimensional components of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station; Step S2: Obtain fuel data and transmit it to the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station, and perform fuel flow simulation to generate fuel flow data; Detect oil reflux based on fuel flow data to obtain oil reflux data; Carry out fuel pipeline cavitation detection based on oil product reflux data to obtain fuel pipeline cavitation data; Step S3: marking the pipeline cavitation position based on the fuel pipeline cavitation data, and continuously monitoring the fuel pipe body heat load at the pipeline cavitation position; and evaluating the fuel gasification risk based on the fuel pipe body heat load; Step S4: filling the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station with explosion-proof materials according to the risk of fuel gasification to obtain explosion-proof material data; designing an inert gas explosion-proof device for the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the risk of fuel gasification to obtain inert gas explosion-proof device data; Integrate explosion-proof material data and inert gas explosion-proof device data into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation optimization model of the gas station.

2. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 is specifically as follows: Step S11: Obtaining a skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; Step S12: identifying the tank structure based on the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; Step S13: Identify the pipeline network structure based on the skid-mounted gas station structural drawing; Step S14: merging the gas station structure according to the storage tank structure and the pipeline network structure to obtain a three-dimensional component of the gas station; Step S15: Perform virtual assembly based on the three-dimensional components of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station.

3. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S15 is specifically as follows: Step S151: performing component interference detection based on the three-dimensional components of the gas station to obtain component interference data; Step S152: Optimizing component spacing according to component interference data; Step S153: adjusting the component installation position based on the component spacing; Step S154: reconstructing component connection relationships according to component installation positions; Step S155: Perform virtual assembly based on the component connection relationship, wherein the assembly alignment accuracy is set to ≤1 mm and the simulation time step is 0.01-1 s, and generate a three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station.

4. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel flow simulation in step S2 includes: Obtain fuel data and perform standardization processing to obtain standardized fuel data; Transmit the standardized fuel data to the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station, and upload the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to the simulation software; Carry out fuel flow simulation in the simulation software, set the flow range to 5-200m³ / h and the flow velocity range to 0.1-5m / s; The fuel pressure distribution is simulated in the simulation software, and the initial pressure of the pipeline is set to 0.1-5MPa and the pressure loss coefficient is set to 0.01-0.1; The fuel temperature field distribution is simulated in the simulation software, and the fuel inlet temperature is set to -20℃ to 80℃, the ambient temperature is 30℃ to 50℃, and the heat transfer coefficient is 10-500W / (m²·K); Run the fuel flow simulation program in the simulation software to obtain the fuel flow data.

5. The integrated design method for a skid-mounted gas station three-dimensional simulation model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 of detecting oil reflux includes: extracting a fuel flow video sequence based on the fuel flow data; Preprocessing the fuel flow video sequence, including grayscale processing, Gaussian blur and edge detection, to obtain a preprocessed fuel flow video sequence; Identify the flow direction of the pre-processed fuel flow video sequence; calculate the flow rate of the pre-processed fuel flow video sequence; Construct an optical flow vector field based on the flow direction and flow rate; Calculate the curl of the optical flow vector field; identify the vortex area of ​​the optical flow vector field according to the curl; The oil reflux is detected based on the vortex area to obtain the oil reflux data.

6. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel pipeline cavitation detection in step S2 includes: Mark the oil return area of ​​the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the oil return data; Detect pressure gradient according to the oil return area; mark low pressure area in the oil return area based on the pressure gradient; Calculate the turbulence intensity in the low-pressure area; determine the turbulence cavitation value based on the preset cavitation critical value and turbulence intensity to obtain the turbulence cavitation value; According to the turbulent cavitation value, the suspected cavitation area is identified in the low-pressure area to obtain the suspected cavitation area; Based on laser transmission to the suspected cavitation area, laser transmission data is obtained; Calculate the transmittance of the laser transmission data; determine the bubble area of ​​the suspected cavitation area based on the transmittance; Monitor pipeline pressure in bubble areas and plot pipeline pressure graphs; Identify periods of rapid pressure drop based on pipeline pressure graphs; The fuel pipeline cavitation detection is performed according to the period of rapid pressure drop to obtain the fuel pipeline cavitation data.

7. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S31: marking the pipeline cavitation position based on the fuel pipeline cavitation data; Step S32: continuously monitoring the heat load of the fuel pipe body at the position of pipeline cavitation; Step S33: evaluating the fuel pipe body pressure based on the fuel pipe body heat load; Step S34: calculating the temperature of the fuel pipe body based on the heat load of the fuel pipe body; Step S35: determining the fuel vapor pressure according to the fuel pipe body temperature; Step S36: Identify the vaporization critical point according to the fuel vapor pressure and the fuel pipe pressure; Step S37: Evaluate the fuel gasification risk based on the gasification critical point.

8. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 is specifically as follows: Step S41: identifying risky fuel pipelines in the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the risk of fuel gasification; Step S42: monitoring the fuel flow rate of the risk fuel pipeline; Step S43: classifying the risk fuel pipeline into flow types according to the fuel flow rate, and obtaining turbulent fuel pipeline data and laminar fuel pipeline data; Step S44: Based on the turbulent fuel pipeline data, the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station is used to identify the position of the turbulent fuel pipeline to obtain the position of the turbulent fuel pipeline; based on the position of the turbulent fuel pipeline, carbon fiber composite material is filled to obtain carbon fiber composite material data; Step S45: Based on the laminar fuel pipeline data, the laminar fuel pipeline position is identified on the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to obtain the laminar fuel pipeline position; according to the laminar fuel pipeline position, the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating is designed to obtain the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating data; Step S46: Integrate the carbon fiber composite material data and the epoxy resin explosion-proof coating data to obtain explosion-proof material data; Step S47: designing an inert gas explosion-proof device for the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the risk of fuel gasification, and obtaining inert gas explosion-proof device data; Step S48: Integrate the explosion-proof material data and the inert gas explosion-proof device data into the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station to generate a three-dimensional simulation optimization model of the gas station.

9. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S47 is specifically as follows: Step S471: identifying high-risk fuel gasification structures of the three-dimensional simulation model of the gas station according to the fuel gasification risk; Step S472: Arranging inert gas injection points for the high-risk fuel gasification structure to obtain inert gas injection points; Step S473: performing an inert gas injection simulation based on the inert gas injection point, and performing an inert gas leakage analysis on the simulation process to obtain inert gas leakage data; Step S474: identifying a gas leakage path based on the inert gas leakage data; Step S475: Optimizing gas injection parameters according to the gas leakage path; Step S476: identifying a main leakage path according to the gas leakage path; designing a gas explosion-proof barrier for the main leakage path to obtain gas explosion-proof barrier data; Step S477: Integrate the gas injection parameters and the gas explosion-proof barrier data to obtain the inert gas explosion-proof device data.

10. The integrated design method for a three-dimensional simulation model of a skid-mounted gas station according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S476 is specifically as follows: Perform gas diffusion simulation based on gas leakage paths and identify the main leakage paths during the simulation; Identifying a gas diffusion path based on a main leakage path, and setting a gas barrier according to the gas diffusion path to obtain gas barrier data; Marking key path points based on the main leakage path, and setting adsorption barriers according to the key path points to obtain adsorption barrier data; Calculate the gas leakage rate based on the gas leakage path and predict the explosion risk based on the volume leakage rate; Based on the explosion risk, a high explosion risk path of the gas leakage path is calibrated, and a physical barrier is set based on the high explosion risk path to obtain physical barrier data; The gas barrier data, adsorption barrier data and physical barrier data are integrated to obtain the gas explosion barrier data.

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