A BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of electromechanical assembly, and discloses a BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method. The method determines a construction difficulty parameter based on three-dimensional laser scanning, thermal imaging, and drawing data of a construction site; obtains BIM scene data of BIM modeling data, selects matching items corresponding to historical scene data based on the construction difficulty parameter, determines a scene matching strategy, and determines close scene data of the matching items; determines scene similarity and scene similarity based on the component spatial overlap rate and process parameter matching degree of the BIM scene data and the close scene data; adjusts the BIM scene data process parameters based on the scene similarity, and performs electromechanical installation based on the adjusted BIM scene data and drawing data, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of BIM model-guided electromechanical installation and reducing the time consumption of conflict detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electromechanical assembly, and in particular to an engineering electromechanical installation method based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] In the construction industry, especially for mechanical and electrical installation projects, precise construction and efficient management are crucial. However, many technical difficulties currently exist in the construction process, seriously restricting project quality and progress.

[0003] Chinese patent application number CN202311434889.X discloses a prefabricated construction method based on BIM technology. The method includes obtaining assembly scene data, obtaining a set of first electromechanical assembly BIM models by comparing scene similarities in an assembly database, obtaining a construction network of electromechanical assembly full-disciplinary BIM models through neural network learning and training, and then obtaining a second electromechanical assembly BIM model. Assembly material data is obtained and imported to obtain electromechanical assembly processing drawings, and finally assembly and installation are performed to obtain electromechanical assembly entities. This invention uses BIM technology to comprehensively optimize pipelines in complex electromechanical installation projects, improving the efficiency of electromechanical assembly construction drawings and the versatility of construction drawings.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN119761911A discloses a multi-dimensional analysis method for retrospective construction liability determination. This method uses a standard liability model and real-time data to generate error values, enabling accountability determination for construction errors. This invention provides a multi-dimensional approach to construction error analysis.

[0005] While some existing methods attempt to improve collaboration efficiency by manually developing data conversion rules or manually marking conflicting locations, they lack an automated multi-disciplinary data fusion and conflict detection system. For example, when a HVAC duct model and a fire sprinkler pipe model face a potential collision risk of 10-20 mm in three-dimensional space, traditional methods rely on manually comparing elevation markings on two-dimensional drawings, resulting in a miss-detection rate exceeding 30%. Furthermore, the actual coordinate deviation of the conflicting location often exceeds ±30 mm from the drawing markings, resulting in a matching rate of only 65-75% for the prefabricated pipe support holes. This necessitates temporary cutting and adjustment during on-site installation, further exacerbating construction delays.

[0006] It can be seen that the existing multi-disciplinary collaborative construction method based on BIM technology is difficult to meet the needs of complex mechanical and electrical installation projects for efficient collaboration and precise construction due to problems such as poor data format compatibility, reliance on manual operation for model integration, and insufficient accuracy in conflict detection. There is an urgent need for a technical solution that can realize automatic integration of all professional data, intelligent conflict detection, and accurate model construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides a BIM-based engineering mechanical and electrical installation method to overcome the problem of the existing multi-professional collaborative construction method based on BIM technology, which leads to a long conflict detection time due to poor data format compatibility and reliance on manual operation for model integration.

[0008] The present invention provides a BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Determine the construction difficulty parameters based on 3D laser scanning data, thermal imaging data, and drawing data of the mechanical and electrical construction site to be installed;

[0010] Acquire multiple BIM scene data of BIM modeling data of the mechanical and electrical engineering to be installed, select multiple matching items of each of the BIM scene data corresponding to the historical scene data according to the construction difficulty parameter, determine a scene matching strategy for matching the BIM scene data with the historical scene data, and acquire multiple close scene data corresponding to the matching items under the scene matching strategy;

[0011] Determining the scene similarity of each of the close scene data based on the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching between the BIM scene data and each of the close scene data;

[0012] Determining a standard scene similarity based on the construction difficulty parameter, and screening close scene data having a scene similarity greater than the standard scene similarity to match component space overlapping features and process parameter matching features of the BIM scene data;

[0013] Determining, based on the process parameter matching characteristics, to adjust the process parameters of the BIM scene data, or to improve the installation accuracy standard of the drawing data;

[0014] Carry out engineering mechanical and electrical installation based on the adjusted BIM scene data and drawing data.

[0015] Furthermore, the steps of determining the construction difficulty parameter include:

[0016] Determining the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraints of the construction site based on the three-dimensional laser scanning data, thermal imaging data, and drawing data;

[0017] The spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraint are normalized to their extreme values ​​to determine the construction difficulty parameter.

[0018] Furthermore, the steps of determining the space complexity include:

[0019] Collecting the pipeline length, space clearance height, and number of intersection nodes of the pipeline from the three-dimensional laser scanning data, the working space area from the thermal imaging data, and the design area from the drawing data;

[0020] Calculating the ratio of the pipeline length to the narrowness of the operating space to obtain the pipeline length ratio;

[0021] Determine the spatial complexity by taking a weighted sum of the inverse of the headroom height of the space, the proportion of pipeline length, and the number of intersection nodes;

[0022] The narrowness of the operating space is the ratio of the area of ​​the operating space to the designed area;

[0023] The weighted coefficient of the pipeline length ratio is greater than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes is equal to the weighted coefficient of the inverse of the space clearance height, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0024] Furthermore, the steps of determining the accuracy sensitivity of the construction site include:

[0025] Obtaining the installation accuracy tolerance in the drawing data and the ambient temperature and humidity in the thermal imaging data;

[0026] Obtaining a comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment, and obtaining a tolerance deviation based on a ratio of the installation accuracy tolerance to the comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment;

[0027] Calculate the weighted sum of several environmental factors to obtain the environmental impact;

[0028] Determining the precision sensitivity according to the product of the tolerance deviation and the environmental impact;

[0029] The environmental factors include the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and the narrowness of the operating space;

[0030] The weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature is equal to the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity, and the weighted coefficients of the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity are both smaller than the weighted coefficient of the narrowness of the operating space, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0031] Furthermore, the environmental constraint degree is obtained by calculating a weighted sum of several constraint factors;

[0032] The constraint factors include the clearance height of the space, the number of intersection nodes, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity and the working height;

[0033] The weighted coefficient of the clearance height of the space is greater than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature and the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity are both less than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0034] Furthermore, the step of determining the construction difficulty parameter includes:

[0035] Perform extreme value normalization on the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint respectively, and obtain the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference that are mapped in the range of 0 to 1 after the dimensionless difference is removed;

[0036] Calculating a weighted sum of the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index;

[0037] The construction difficulty parameter is determined according to the mean value of the comprehensive evaluation index.

[0038] Furthermore, the historical scene data is derived from a historical scene database, wherein each scene in the historical scene database structure includes geometric features, process parameters, verification delay, error type, and adjustment records, and is classified according to the construction difficulty parameter;

[0039] The scene matching strategy includes a first scene matching strategy, a second scene matching strategy and a third scene matching strategy;

[0040] The first scene matching strategy is to select the geometric features and process parameters as matching items;

[0041] The second scene matching strategy is to select the geometric features, process parameters, verification delay and error type as matching items;

[0042] The third scene matching strategy is to select all the contents of the historical scene database as matching items;

[0043] If the construction difficulty parameter is less than or equal to the first standard construction difficulty parameter, determining to activate the first scene matching strategy;

[0044] If the construction difficulty parameter is between the first standard construction difficulty parameter and the second standard construction difficulty parameter, determining to activate the second scene matching strategy;

[0045] If the construction difficulty parameter is greater than or equal to the second standard construction difficulty parameter, determining to enable the third scene matching strategy;

[0046] Among them, the first standard construction difficulty parameter is smaller than the second standard construction difficulty parameter.

[0047] Furthermore, determining the scene similarity of each of the close scene data includes:

[0048] Obtaining component spatial overlap and process parameter matching between the BIM scene data and each of the close scene data;

[0049] The scene similarity of the close scene data is determined based on a weighted summation result of the component spatial overlap rate and the process parameter matching degree.

[0050] Furthermore, determining to adjust the process parameters of the BIM scene data according to the process parameter matching feature includes:

[0051] If the scene similarity is greater than or equal to the standard scene similarity;

[0052] Furthermore, the component space overlapping features and process parameter matching features completely match the BIM scene data;

[0053] Then, adjusting the process parameters of the BIM scene data according to the parameter adjustment record in the proximity scene data corresponding to the process parameter matching feature;

[0054] Furthermore, determining to adjust the process parameters of the BIM scene data according to the process parameter matching feature includes:

[0055] If the scene similarity is greater than or equal to the standard scene similarity;

[0056] Furthermore, only the component space overlapping features or process parameter matching features completely match the BIM scene data;

[0057] Then adjusting the installation accuracy of the drawing data according to the first installation accuracy adjustment parameter;

[0058] otherwise, adjusting the installation accuracy of the drawing data according to the second installation accuracy adjustment parameter;

[0059] The first installation precision adjustment parameter is greater than the second installation precision adjustment parameter, and both are less than 1.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that, in the present invention, the construction difficulty parameter is determined based on the three-dimensional laser scanning data, thermal imaging data and drawing data of the mechanical and electrical construction site of the project to be installed; a number of BIM scene data of the BIM modeling data of the mechanical and electrical project to be installed are obtained, and a number of matching items of the historical scene data corresponding to each of the BIM scene data are selected according to the construction difficulty parameter to determine the scene matching strategy of the BIM scene data matching the historical scene data, and a number of close scene data corresponding to the matching items under the scene matching strategy are obtained; the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching of the BIM scene data and each of the close scene data are matched according to the BIM scene data Determine the scene similarity of each of the close scene data, and determine the scene similarity of each of the scene similarities based on each of the scene similarities; determine the component space overlapping characteristics and process parameter matching characteristics of the BIM scene data among the close scene data whose statistical scene similarity is greater than the scene similarity based on the scene similarity, adjust the process parameters of the BIM scene data based on the process parameter matching characteristics, or improve the installation accuracy of the drawing data; perform engineering mechanical and electrical installation based on the adjusted BIM scene data and the drawing data, thereby improving the installation accuracy of engineering mechanical and electrical installation guided by BIM modeling and reducing the time consumption of conflict detection.

[0061] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the three-dimensional laser scanning data, thermal imaging data and drawing data to determine the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraints of the construction site; performs extreme value normalization processing on the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraints to determine the construction difficulty parameter, thereby improving the determination accuracy of the construction difficulty parameter, and thereby improving the installation accuracy of engineering mechanical and electrical installation guided by BIM modeling.

[0062] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the ratio of the calculated pipeline length to the narrowness of the operating space to obtain the pipeline length ratio, and then takes the weighted sum of the inverse of the space clearance height, the pipeline length ratio and the number of intersection nodes to determine the space complexity, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the space complexity, and further improving the accuracy of determining the space complexity.

[0063] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the obtained on-site measured environmental comprehensive error, obtains the tolerance deviation based on the ratio of the installation accuracy tolerance to the on-site measured environmental comprehensive error, and calculates the weighted sum of several environmental factors to obtain the environmental impact, and determines the precision sensitivity based on the product of the tolerance deviation and the environmental impact, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the precision sensitivity, and further improving the accuracy of determining the spatial complexity.

[0064] Furthermore, the present invention obtains the environmental constraint degree by calculating the weighted sum of several constraint factors, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the environmental constraint degree, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the environmental constraint degree.

[0065] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes extreme value normalization of the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraint respectively to obtain the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference mapped in the range of 0 to 1 after the dimensionless difference is removed, and calculates the weighted sum of the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index, and determines the construction difficulty parameter according to the mean value of the comprehensive evaluation index, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the construction difficulty parameter.

[0066] Furthermore, the present invention uses the set standard construction difficulty parameter and selects different scene matching strategies according to the comparison results of the construction difficulty parameter and the standard construction difficulty parameter, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the close scene data, thereby further improving the installation accuracy of the engineering mechanical and electrical installation guided by BIM modeling.

[0067] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching degree of the BIM scene data and each of the close scene data to obtain the weighted summation result of the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching degree to determine the scene similarity of the close scene data, thereby further improving the accuracy of judging similar scenes.

[0068] Furthermore, the present invention determines the standard scene similarity according to the standard construction difficulty parameter; based on the comparison result of the scene similarity and the standard scene similarity, combined with the matching degree analysis of the component space overlapping characteristics and the process parameter matching characteristics, the process parameters of the BIM scene data are adjusted, or the installation accuracy of the drawing data is improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the optimization and adjustment of the BIM scene data, thereby further improving the installation accuracy of the engineering mechanical and electrical installation guided by BIM modeling, and reducing the time consumption of conflict detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of the BIM-based engineering mechanical and electrical installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the steps of measuring the construction difficulty parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 3 A flow chart of the steps for determining accuracy sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 4This is a logic block diagram for adjusting process parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0074] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0076] In the invention description, verification delay refers to the time it takes for engineering technicians to detect conflicts when carrying out construction according to the BIM model; adjustment record refers to the number of times engineering technicians modify BIM model data or generate conflict detection when carrying out construction according to the BIM model;

[0077] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0078] See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of the BIM-based engineering mechanical and electrical installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] An embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Step S1: determining a construction difficulty parameter based on 3D laser scanning data, thermal imaging data, and drawing data of the mechanical and electrical construction site of the project to be installed;

[0081] Step S2: Acquire multiple BIM scene data of the BIM modeling data of the mechanical and electrical engineering to be installed, select multiple matching items of each BIM scene data corresponding to the historical scene data based on the construction difficulty parameter, determine a scene matching strategy for matching the BIM scene data with the historical scene data, and acquire multiple close scene data corresponding to the matching items under the scene matching strategy;

[0082] Step S3: determining the scene similarity of each close scene data based on the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching between the BIM scene data and each close scene data;

[0083] Step S4: determining the standard scene similarity based on the construction difficulty parameter, and screening the close scene data whose scene similarity is greater than the standard similarity to match the component space overlap characteristics and process parameter matching characteristics of the BIM scene data;

[0084] Step S5: adjusting the process parameters of the BIM scene data or improving the installation accuracy of the drawing data according to the process parameter matching characteristics;

[0085] Step S6: Perform engineering mechanical and electrical installation based on the adjusted BIM scene data and drawing data.

[0086] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the steps of measuring the construction difficulty parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Specifically, in step S1, the step of determining the construction difficulty parameter includes:

[0088] Step S11: determining the spatial complexity of the construction site, the precision sensitivity of the construction site, and the environmental constraints of the construction site based on the 3D laser scanning data, the thermal imaging data, and the drawing data;

[0089] Step S12: normalize the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraints to determine the construction difficulty parameter.

[0090] Specifically, in step S11, the step of determining the space complexity includes:

[0091] Collect pipeline length, space clearance height, and number of pipeline intersection nodes from 3D laser scanning data, working space area from thermal imaging data, and design area from drawing data;

[0092] Calculate the ratio of pipeline length to operating space narrowness to obtain pipeline length ratio;

[0093] The space complexity is determined by taking the weighted sum of the inverse of the space headroom, the proportion of pipeline length, and the number of intersection nodes.

[0094] Among them, the narrowness of the operating space is the ratio of the operating space area to the design area;

[0095] The weighted coefficient of the pipeline length ratio is greater than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes is equal to the weighted coefficient of the inverse of the space clearance height, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0096] Preferably, the space complexity is calculated by the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, L is the total length of pipelines per unit volume in the BIM model, reflecting the density of pipelines;

[0099] V is the narrowness of the operating space;

[0100] N is the number of intersection nodes, obtained through BIM collision checking;

[0101] H is the clearance height of the space;

[0102] The pipeline length ratio is the ratio of the total pipeline length L per unit volume to the narrowness of the operating space V, that is, Used to quantify the density of pipelines within a unit of narrow space.

[0103] , , is the weight coefficient, which is determined by regression of historical scenario data.

[0104] Specifically, the weight coefficients α=0.4, β=0.3, and γ=0.3 were determined based on data regression analysis of multiple historical scenario data. The correlation between construction delay and each parameter was fitted by the least squares method, and the weight coefficient of each parameter's contribution to complexity was finally obtained.

[0105] Specifically, pipeline length L was automatically calculated using the total pipeline length statistics function within the BIM modeling software. This was done by selecting the electromechanical pipeline in the 3D model and executing the "Property Query" command to obtain the total length in meters. The number of intersection nodes N was determined using Navisworks' ClashDetective module for collision detection, counting all pipeline segments in 3D space where they intersected or had a spacing of less than 50 mm.

[0106] Specifically, the narrowness of the operating space V is obtained through the following steps: using a thermal imager to scan the construction site and generate a thermal distribution map of the working area; using image processing technology (such as OpenCV contour detection) to extract the effective working space area; and calculating the ratio of the designed area in the drawing to the measured working space area. The formula is: ; When V<0.6, it is judged as a narrow space.

[0107] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 A flow chart of the steps for determining accuracy sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Specifically, the steps to determine the accuracy sensitivity of a construction site include:

[0109] Step S111: Obtain the installation accuracy tolerance in the drawing data and the ambient temperature and humidity in the thermal imaging data;

[0110] Step S112: Obtain the comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment, and obtain the tolerance deviation according to the ratio of the installation accuracy tolerance to the comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment;

[0111] Step S113: Calculate the weighted sum of several environmental factors to obtain the environmental impact degree;

[0112] Step S114: determining the accuracy sensitivity according to the product of the tolerance deviation and the environmental impact;

[0113] Among them, environmental factors include ambient temperature, ambient humidity and the narrowness of the operating space;

[0114] The weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature is equal to the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity, and the weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature and the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity are both smaller than the weighted coefficient of the narrowness of the operating space, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0115] Preferably, the precision sensitivity P is calculated according to the following formula:

[0116]

[0117] in, is the weighted coefficient of the i-th environmental factor;

[0118] is the i-th environmental factor;

[0119] T is the installation accuracy tolerance;

[0120] The comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment includes structural settlement error, material thermal expansion and contraction deformation, and measurement equipment error;

[0121] In this embodiment, the weighting coefficients of the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity are both 0.3, and the weighting coefficient of the spatial narrowness is 0.4.

[0122] Preferably, the on-site measured environmental comprehensive error is obtained by the following steps:

[0123] Use a total station to monitor structural settlement, measure the height difference of the benchmark points for three consecutive days, and take the average value as the structural settlement error;

[0124] According to the ambient temperature T and humidity H obtained from the thermal imaging data, the material thermal expansion formula ΔL=αL0ΔT and the humidity deformation coefficient k H Calculate material deformation error;

[0125] Measuring equipment error: The nominal accuracy of the instrument is obtained through the calibration certificate (e.g. the error of the laser rangefinder is ±2mm);

[0126] Comprehensive error , synthesized using the root mean square method.

[0127] Specifically, the environmental constraint degree is obtained by calculating the weighted sum of several constraint factors;

[0128] Among them, the constraint factors include space clearance height, number of intersection nodes, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and working height;

[0129] The weighted coefficient of the space clearance height is greater than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature and the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity are both less than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0130] Preferably, the environmental constraint degree is calculated according to the following formula:

[0131]

[0132] in, represents the jth constraint factor, represents the weight coefficient of the jth constraint factor. Based on the historical delay data, in this embodiment, the weight coefficient of the space clearance height is 0.4, the weight coefficient of the number of intersection nodes is 0.3, and the weight coefficients of the ambient temperature and ambient humidity are both 0.15.

[0133] Specifically, the values ​​of each environmental factor are dimensionless subjective scores from 1 to 5, as shown in the following table:

[0134] Environmental Factor Quantitative Scoring Table

[0135]

[0136] Weight coefficient allocation rules:

[0137] 1. The weight coefficient of the space headroom is 0.3, and the weight coefficient of the number of intersection nodes is 0.3 (the two are equal);

[0138] 2. The weight coefficient of ambient temperature is 0.2, and the weight coefficient of ambient humidity is 0.2 (the two are equal and their sum is 0.4);

[0139] 3. The weight coefficient of the remaining constraint factors (height work) is 0.4, and the factor weight coefficient is dynamically allocated according to its risk level;

[0140] To further illustrate, in a subway station pipeline installation scenario, the measurement data includes:

[0141] Clearance height: 2.4m → C1 = 1 point

[0142] Number of intersection nodes: 8 / 100㎡ → C2 = 1 point

[0143] Ambient temperature: 38°C → C3 = 2 minutes

[0144] Ambient humidity: 88% → C4 = 2 points

[0145] Working height: 6.5m → C5 = 2 points

[0146] Weight coefficient allocation:

[0147] λ1=0.3,λ2=0.3,λ3=0.2,λ4=0.2,λ5=0.4 (the sum of the weight coefficients = 1.4>1) and the weight coefficients need to be redistributed;

[0148] Correct calculation after correction:

[0149] λ1=0.3,λ2=0.3,λ3=0.15,λ4=0.15,λ5=0.1 (the sum of all weight coefficients is 1)

[0150] Environmental constraint Ec = (0.3 × 1) + (0.3 × 1) + (0.15 × 2) + (0.15 × 2) + (0.1 × 2) = 1.3. Specifically, the steps for determining the construction difficulty parameter include:

[0151] The spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraint are normalized to their extreme values ​​respectively, and the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference are obtained and mapped to the range of 0 to 1 after the dimensionless difference is removed.

[0152] Calculate the weighted sum of spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraints excluding dimensional differences to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index;

[0153] Determine the construction difficulty parameter based on the mean value of the comprehensive evaluation index;

[0154] Among them, the weighted coefficient of spatial complexity after dimensional difference is greater than the weighted coefficient of precision sensitivity after dimensional difference, and the weighted coefficient of precision sensitivity after dimensional difference is greater than the weighted coefficient of environmental constraint after dimensional difference, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

[0155] Preferably, the construction difficulty parameter is calculated by the following formula:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, normalization processing: Perform extreme value normalization (map to [0,1]), eliminate dimension differences, and obtain .

[0158] Another preferred method is to use the average value of non-equal weight coefficients. The formula can be changed to:

[0159]

[0160] set up, =0.5, =0.3, =0.2.

[0161] Specifically, the extreme value normalization processing formula is:

[0162]

[0163] in, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of spatial complexity in historical scene data, respectively. Similarly, the accuracy sensitivity P and environmental constraint sensitivity Perform the same process to ensure that the three are mapped to the interval [0, 1].

[0164] Specifically, the historical scene data comes from the historical scene database. Each scene in the historical scene database structure includes geometric features, process parameters, verification delay, error type and adjustment records, and is classified according to the construction difficulty parameter.

[0165] Preferably, the historical scene database uses a MySQL relational database, and each scene contains the following fields:

[0166] Scene ID: unique identifier;

[0167] Geometric features: pipeline coordinates, slope, and diameter are stored in JSON format;

[0168] Process parameters: including welding temperature threshold (±5°C), lifting load limit (unit: tons);

[0169] Verification delay: conflict detection time (minutes);

[0170] Error type: enumeration value (such as 'elevation deviation', 'horizontal displacement');

[0171] Adjustment record: record the version number and modification content of the BIM model.

[0172] The database is divided into three categories of low (D ≤ 0.3), medium (0.3 < D ≤ 0.7), and high (D > 0.7) according to the construction difficulty parameter D, and a B+ tree index is used to accelerate scene matching.

[0173] Specifically, in step S2, the scene matching strategy includes the first scene matching strategy, the second scene matching strategy, and the third scene matching strategy;

[0174] The first scene matching strategy is to select geometric features and process parameters as matching items;

[0175] The second scene matching strategy is to select geometric features, process parameters, verification delay, and error type as matching items;

[0176] The third scene matching strategy is to select all the contents of the historical scene database as matching items;

[0177] If the construction difficulty parameter is less than or equal to the first standard construction difficulty parameter, it is determined to enable the first scene matching strategy;

[0178] If the construction difficulty parameter is between the first standard construction difficulty parameter and the second standard construction difficulty parameter, it is determined to enable the second scene matching strategy;

[0179] If the construction difficulty parameter is greater than or equal to the second standard construction difficulty parameter, it is determined to enable the third scene matching strategy;

[0180] Among them, the first standard construction difficulty parameter is less than the second standard construction difficulty parameter.

[0181] Preferably, the first standard construction difficulty parameter is set to 0.3, and the second standard construction difficulty parameter is set to 0.7, as shown in the following table:

[0182] Table of Construction Difficulty Classification and Scene Matching Strategy Configuration

[0183]

[0184] Specifically, in step S3, the scene similarity of each close scene data is determined, including:

[0185] Obtain the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching degree between the BIM scene data and each close scene data;

[0186] The weighted sum result based on the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching degree is determined as the scene similarity of the close scene data.

[0187] Specifically, the component space overlap rate refers to the degree of overlap of components in the spatial position of the close scene data in the BIM scene data, usually expressed by the ratio of the volume or area of the overlapping part to the total volume or total area of the relevant components;

[0188] Process parameter matching refers to the degree to which the process parameters of a component in the BIM scene data match the actual application conditions, such as construction technology, material properties, and equipment requirements. Process parameters include component size, shape, connection method, material properties, processing accuracy, and construction sequence.

[0189] Preferably, the scene similarity is calculated using the following formula:

[0190]

[0191] in, is the spatial overlap ratio of components (such as pipeline direction overlap, Jaccard coefficient)

[0192] is the matching degree of process parameters (e.g., matching degree of load-bearing threshold of lifting equipment, 0-1);

[0193] d is a standardized measure of the total coordinate deviation, which is normalized to [0, 10] through the mapping rule to quantify the regulatory effect of coordinate deviation on scene similarity;

[0194] 0.6 is the weighted coefficient of component spatial overlap rate, and 0.4 is the weighted coefficient of process parameter matching degree;

[0195] The input data is close to the geometric features of the scene data, process parameters and verification delay.

[0196] In the above scene similarity calculation, d is the normalized value of the total coordinate deviation, which is used to map the actual mm-level coordinate deviation to the interval [0,10] to measure the impact of the coordinate deviation on the scene similarity. Specifically, the total coordinate deviation is normalized and included in the calculation of the scene similarity M. The larger d is, the The smaller the value of , the lower the final scene similarity M, indicating that the coordinate deviation has a greater negative impact on the scene similarity; conversely, the smaller the value of , the smaller the negative impact on the scene similarity.

[0197] Specifically, the total deviation of the actual coordinates is converted to a value within [0, 10] using a specific mapping rule (e.g., linear mapping, assuming the maximum allowable deviation corresponds to d = 10 and the minimum deviation corresponds to d = 0). For example, if the total deviation of the actual coordinates is 5 mm, according to the linear mapping rule (maximum deviation is 10 mm), then d = 5.

[0198] Specifically, when calculating the component space overlap rate When , a percentage value is obtained by comparing the volume or area of ​​the overlapping part of the close scene data and the BIM scene data with the total volume or total area of ​​the relevant components.

[0199] Preferably, in a building model, in the proximity scene data and the BIM scene data, two beams partially overlap in space, and the volume of the overlapping portion is calculated as , the volumes of the two beams are V1 and V2 respectively, then the spatial overlap ratio of the two beams is The calculation formula is:

[0200]

[0201] in, is close to the volume of the beam in the scene data, V2 is the volume of the beam in the BIM scene data, is the volume of the overlapping part.

[0202] Specifically, the difference between the close scene data and the BIM scene data of each process parameter is calculated, and weighted summation is performed according to the weight to obtain the process parameter matching degree. ;

[0203] The following is a simplified calculation formula:

[0204]

[0205] Where n is the number of process parameters, is the weight of the i-th process parameter, The process parameters of the i-th BIM scene data, is the process parameter of the i-th approach scene data.

[0206] Each process parameter is weighted based on its impact on the final process result. For example, in welding, welding current has a greater impact on weld quality and may be given a higher weight, while electrode diameter has a relatively smaller impact and may be given a lower weight. The sum of the weights is typically 1.

[0207] Preferably, in a specific embodiment, there are three process parameters A, B, and C, with weights of 0.4, 0.3, and 0.3 respectively. The BIM scenes are 100, 50, and 20 respectively, and the approach scene data are 90, 45, and 22 respectively. The process parameter matching degree is calculated as follows:

[0208]

[0209] The calculated result is 0.9.

[0210] Specifically, in step S4, the component spatial overlap feature of the matched BIM scene data refers to the parts of the components of the BIM scene data that are close to the scene data and meet the scene similarity that overlap with each other in spatial position.

[0211] Specifically, in step S4, the process parameter matching feature refers to the part of the component process parameters that are the same as the actual application conditions such as construction technology, material properties, and equipment requirements in the BIM scene data that are close to the scene data that meet the scene similarity.

[0212] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a logic block diagram for adjusting process parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0213] Specifically, in step S5, adjusting the process parameters of the BIM scene data is determined based on the process parameter matching feature, including:

[0214] If the scene similarity is greater than or equal to the standard scene similarity, further judgment is performed;

[0215] If the component space overlapping features and process parameter matching features completely match the BIM scene data, the process parameters of the BIM scene data are adjusted according to the parameter adjustment records in the proximity scene data corresponding to the process parameter matching features.

[0216] Specifically, the installation accuracy standards of the drawing data are improved according to the process parameter matching characteristics, including:

[0217] If the scene similarity is greater than or equal to the standard scene similarity;

[0218] Furthermore, if only the component space overlapping feature or the process parameter matching feature completely matches the BIM scene data, the installation accuracy of the drawing data is adjusted according to the first installation accuracy adjustment parameter;

[0219] Otherwise, adjusting the installation accuracy of the drawing data according to the second installation accuracy adjustment parameter;

[0220] The first installation precision adjustment parameter is greater than the second installation precision adjustment parameter, and both are less than 1.

[0221] Specifically, judging that the component spatial overlap feature completely matches the BIM data means that the component spatial overlap feature has the same amount of overlap in the spatial positions of the components in the BIM scene data;

[0222] Judging whether the process parameter matching characteristics are completely matched with the BIM data means that the process parameter matching characteristics and the process parameters of the components of the BIM scene data are consistent in the number of the same parts in actual application conditions such as construction technology, material properties, and equipment requirements.

[0223] Specifically, the proximity scene data is taken from the historical scene data, which includes the adjustment records of the process parameters during the on-site installation process. The adjustment records include the modification values ​​of the process parameters that do not match the BIM modeling data during the installation process. When adjusting the process parameters of the BIM scene data according to the parameter adjustment records in the proximity scene data corresponding to the process parameter matching features, the modification values ​​are used to directly adjust the process parameters corresponding to the BIM scene data. For example, when installing the cable duct in the proximity installation scene data, the installation position is increased by 0.2 cm, and the corresponding process parameters of the BIM scene data are also adjusted by 0.2 cm.

[0224] Specifically, the first installation accuracy adjustment parameter is 0.85, and the second installation accuracy adjustment parameter is 0.6. For example, if the installation accuracy of the map data is ±0.8 cm, when the first installation accuracy adjustment parameter is used for adjustment, the adjustment result is ±0.68 cm. When the second installation accuracy adjustment parameter is used for adjustment, the adjustment result is ±0.48 cm.

[0225] Specifically, the component space overlapping features fully match the BIM scene data when the number of component space overlapping features is the same as the number of component space features of the BIM scene;

[0226] The complete matching of process parameter matching features with BIM scene data means that the number of process parameter matching features is the same as the number of process parameters in the BIM scene.

[0227] Specifically, when adjusting the process parameters of the BIM scene data according to the parameter adjustment record in the close scene data corresponding to the process parameter matching feature,

[0228] Specifically, the similarity of the standard scene is determined based on the standard construction difficulty parameters, including:

[0229] If the construction difficulty parameter is less than or equal to the first standard construction difficulty parameter, the standard scene similarity is determined to be 94;

[0230] If the construction difficulty parameter is greater than the first standard construction difficulty parameter and the construction difficulty parameter is less than the second standard construction difficulty parameter, the standard scene similarity is determined to be 96%;

[0231] Otherwise, the standard scene similarity is determined to be 98%.

[0232] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0233] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method, characterized in that: include: Determine the construction difficulty parameters based on 3D laser scanning data, thermal imaging data, and drawing data of the mechanical and electrical construction site to be installed; Acquire multiple BIM scene data of BIM modeling data of the mechanical and electrical engineering to be installed, select multiple matching items of each of the BIM scene data corresponding to the historical scene data according to the construction difficulty parameter, determine a scene matching strategy for matching the BIM scene data with the historical scene data, and acquire multiple close scene data corresponding to the matching items under the scene matching strategy; Determining the scene similarity of each of the close scene data based on the component space overlap rate and process parameter matching between the BIM scene data and each of the close scene data; Determining a standard scene similarity based on the construction difficulty parameter, and screening close scene data having a scene similarity greater than the standard scene similarity to match component space overlapping features and process parameter matching features of the BIM scene data; Determining, based on the process parameter matching characteristics, to adjust the process parameters of the BIM scene data, or to improve the installation accuracy standard of the drawing data; Perform engineering mechanical and electrical installation based on the adjusted BIM scene data and the drawing data; The steps to determine the construction difficulty parameters include: Determining the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraints of the construction site based on the three-dimensional laser scanning data, thermal imaging data, and drawing data; Performing extreme value normalization processing on the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint to determine the construction difficulty parameter; The steps to determine space complexity include: Collecting the pipeline length, space clearance height, and number of intersection nodes of the pipeline from the three-dimensional laser scanning data, the working space area from the thermal imaging data, and the design area from the drawing data; Calculate the ratio of pipeline length to operating space narrowness to obtain pipeline length ratio; Determine the spatial complexity by taking a weighted sum of the inverse of the headroom height of the space, the proportion of pipeline length, and the number of intersection nodes; The narrowness of the operating space is the ratio of the area of ​​the operating space to the designed area; The weighted coefficient of the pipeline length ratio is greater than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes is equal to the weighted coefficient of the inverse of the space clearance height, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1; The steps to determine the accuracy sensitivity of a construction site include: Obtaining the installation accuracy tolerance in the drawing data and the ambient temperature and humidity in the thermal imaging data; Obtaining a comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment, and obtaining a tolerance deviation based on a ratio of the installation accuracy tolerance to the comprehensive error of the on-site measured environment; Calculate the weighted sum of several environmental factors to obtain the environmental impact; Determining the precision sensitivity according to the product of the tolerance deviation and the environmental impact; The environmental factors include the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and the narrowness of the operating space; The weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature is equal to the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity, and the weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature and the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity are both smaller than the weighted coefficient of the narrowness of the operating space, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1; The steps to determine the environmental constraints of a construction site include: Obtaining the environmental constraint degree by calculating a weighted sum of a plurality of constraint factors; The constraint factors include the clearance height of the space, the number of intersection nodes, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity and the operating height; The weighted coefficient of the clearance height of the space is greater than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the weighted coefficient of the ambient temperature and the weighted coefficient of the ambient humidity are both less than the weighted coefficient of the number of intersection nodes, and the sum of the weighted coefficients is 1.

2. The BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the construction difficulty parameter includes: Perform extreme value normalization on the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint respectively, and obtain the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference that are mapped in the range of 0 to 1 after the dimensionless difference is removed; Calculating the weighted sum of the spatial complexity, precision sensitivity, and environmental constraint of the dimensionless difference to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index; The construction difficulty parameter is determined according to the mean value of the comprehensive evaluation index.

3. The BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The historical scene data is derived from a historical scene database, wherein each scene in the historical scene database structure includes geometric features, process parameters, verification delay, error type, and adjustment records, and is classified according to the construction difficulty parameter; The scene matching strategy includes a first scene matching strategy, a second scene matching strategy and a third scene matching strategy; The first scene matching strategy is to select the geometric features and process parameters as matching items; The second scene matching strategy is to select the geometric features, process parameters, verification delay and error type as matching items; The third scene matching strategy is to select all the contents of the historical scene database as matching items; If the construction difficulty parameter is less than or equal to the first standard construction difficulty parameter, determining to activate the first scene matching strategy; If the construction difficulty parameter is between the first standard construction difficulty parameter and the second standard construction difficulty parameter, determining to activate the second scene matching strategy; If the construction difficulty parameter is greater than or equal to the second standard construction difficulty parameter, determining to enable the third scene matching strategy; Among them, the construction difficulty parameter of the first standard is smaller than that of the second standard.

4. The BIM engineering electromechanical installation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the scene similarity of each of the close scene data includes: Obtaining component spatial overlap and process parameter matching between the BIM scene data and each of the close scene data; The scene similarity of the close scene data is determined based on a weighted summation result of the component spatial overlap rate and the process parameter matching degree.

5. The BIM-based engineering electromechanical installation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining to adjust the process parameters of the BIM scene data according to the process parameter matching feature includes: If the scene similarity is greater than or equal to the standard scene similarity; Furthermore, the component space overlapping features and process parameter matching features completely match the BIM scene data; The process parameters of the BIM scene data are adjusted according to the parameter adjustment record in the proximity scene data corresponding to the process parameter matching feature.

6. The engineering electromechanical installation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Improving the installation accuracy standard of the drawing data according to the process parameter matching feature includes: If the scene similarity is greater than or equal to the standard scene similarity; Furthermore, only the component space overlapping features or process parameter matching features completely match the BIM scene data; Then adjusting the installation accuracy of the drawing data according to the first installation accuracy adjustment parameter; Otherwise, adjusting the installation accuracy of the drawing data according to the second installation accuracy adjustment parameter; The first installation precision adjustment parameter is greater than the second installation precision adjustment parameter, and both are less than 1.

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