Method and system for evaluating influence of island wave-resistant building on coral habitat suitability

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coral habitat suitability evaluation, and discloses a method and system for evaluating the influence of an island wave-resistant building on coral habitat suitability, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a hydrodynamic parameter of a target region under the influence of the wave-resistant building; constructing a judgment matrix of the suitability of the hydrodynamic factors to the coral habitat based on an analytic hierarchy process, and calculating the initial weight of each hydrodynamic factor; dynamically correcting the initial weight according to a coral tolerance threshold to obtain a corrected dynamic weight; based on the dynamic weight and the hydrodynamic parameter, calculating a habitat suitability index of time-space accumulation; calculating a weighted habitat area dynamic value according to a habitat suitability index accumulated in a space-time manner; and based on the difference between the weighted habitat area dynamic value and the non-wave-resistant building reference value, determining the influence level of the wave-resistant building on the coral habitat suitability. According to the scheme, scientific quantification of the influence of the wave-resistant building on the coral habitat can be realized, and an accurate collaborative decision basis is provided for engineering optimization and ecological protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coral habitat suitability assessment, and in particular relates to a method and system for assessing the impact of island reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability. Background Art

[0002] Coral reefs are habitats for many marine organisms, with extremely high biodiversity and ecosystem service functions. However, island and reef areas often build structures such as breakwaters and artificial reefs to resist storm surge erosion and protect infrastructure and residents. Breakwaters may change local hydrodynamic conditions and affect the habitat of corals.

[0003] Existing technologies have systematic defects in the ecological impact assessment of marine engineering projects, which are mainly reflected in the three aspects of weight allocation, model architecture and classification standards. Although the traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) can integrate expert experience, its weight calculation relies entirely on manual scoring and does not combine ecological data such as coral physiological tolerance thresholds, resulting in a significant deviation between weight allocation and the actual survival needs of corals. Secondly, the existing habitat suitability index (HSI) model is mostly based on static hydrodynamic field data, which only reflects the environmental conditions at a single time point and cannot quantify the cumulative effects of long-term hydrodynamic fluctuations caused by wave-breaking projects (such as tidal cycles and typhoon season wave enhancement) on coral communities, leading to the risk of misjudgment between short-term data and long-term ecological responses. Finally, the existing model lacks an effective processing mechanism for extreme scenarios where multiple factors synergistically exceed the threshold. When the wave height, flow velocity, and water depth simultaneously exceed the tolerance limit of corals, the weight normalization process fails because the denominator is zero, resulting in distorted calculation results or program errors, which seriously affects the robustness of the assessment system.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop an assessment method for the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats, which can achieve scientific quantification of the impact of wave-breaking structures on coral habitats and provide a basis for accurate coordinated decision-making for engineering optimization and ecological protection. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats, which can achieve scientific quantification of the impact of wave-breaking structures on coral habitats and provide a precise and coordinated decision-making basis for engineering optimization and ecological protection.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability, the method comprising the following steps: S1. The hydrodynamic parameters of the target area with and without the influence of wave-breaking structures are obtained through hydrodynamic model simulation. The hydrodynamic parameters include the spatial distribution data of wave height, flow velocity and water depth; S2. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, a judgment matrix of hydrodynamic factors for coral habitat suitability was constructed, and the initial weights of each hydrodynamic factor were calculated; the hydrodynamic factors included wave height, flow velocity and water depth; S3, dynamically modifying the initial weight according to the coral tolerance threshold to obtain a modified dynamic weight; S4. Calculate the temporal and spatial cumulative habitat suitability index based on dynamic weights and hydrodynamic parameters; S5. Calculate the dynamic value of weighted habitat area based on the temporal and spatial accumulated habitat suitability index; S6. Determine the impact level of wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability based on the difference between the dynamic value of weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures.

[0007] Furthermore, in S3, the initial weights are dynamically modified according to the coral tolerance threshold, and the modified dynamic weights include: S31. Determine the tolerance threshold curve of corals through experiments; S32, obtaining the upper and lower limits of the tolerance thresholds of the coral to each hydrodynamic factor according to the tolerance threshold curve; S33, respectively judging whether the measured value of each hydrodynamic factor exceeds the corresponding upper limit of the tolerance threshold or the lower limit of the tolerance threshold; if so, assigning the dynamic weight of the hydrodynamic factor to 0, otherwise assigning the dynamic weight of the hydrodynamic factor to the initial weight; S34, normalizing the dynamic weights of the various hydrodynamic factors to obtain the corrected dynamic weights of the various hydrodynamic factors.

[0008] Furthermore, in S33, if the dynamic weights of all hydrodynamic factors are assigned a value of 0, the subsequent steps are stopped and the impact level of the wave-breaking structure on the suitability of the coral habitat is directly output as a negative impact.

[0009] Furthermore, in S4, based on dynamic weights and hydrodynamic parameters, the temporal and spatial cumulative habitat suitability index is calculated, including: S41, dividing the target area into a number of grid units according to a preset resolution; S42, defining a piecewise function of suitability of each hydrodynamic factor; S43, calculating the wave height suitability value, flow velocity suitability value and water depth suitability value of each grid unit according to the measured values ​​of each hydrodynamic factor of the suitability piecewise function; S44, obtaining the instantaneous suitability index of each grid unit by weighted summing the modified dynamic weight of each hydrodynamic factor and the suitability value corresponding to each hydrodynamic factor; S45, calculating the average value of all instantaneous suitability indexes of each grid unit within a preset time series, and obtaining the temporal and spatial accumulated habitat suitability index of each grid unit.

[0010] Furthermore, in S42, the piecewise function of the suitability of each hydrodynamic factor includes: ; Where X represents any hydrodynamic factor, f(X) represents the suitability value of the hydrodynamic factor, x represents the measured value of the hydrodynamic factor, and x min represents the lower tolerance threshold of the hydrodynamic factor, x max represents the upper limit of the tolerance threshold of the hydrodynamic factor, x opt Represents the ideal value of the hydrodynamic factor.

[0011] Furthermore, in S5, the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area is calculated based on the temporal and spatial accumulated habitat suitability index, including: ; Where WUA represents the weighted habitat area dynamic value, j represents the jth grid unit, N represents the total number of grid units, and A j represents the area of ​​the jth grid cell, HSI 累计,j Represents the spatial and temporal accumulated habitat suitability index of the j-th grid cell.

[0012] Furthermore, in S6, based on the difference between the dynamic value of weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures, the impact level of wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability is determined as follows: If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is less than the first preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is negative; If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is greater than or equal to the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is neutral; If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is greater than the second preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is positive.

[0013] The present invention also provides an assessment system for the suitability of coral habitats for island and reef wave-breaking structures, which is used to implement any of the above-mentioned assessment methods for the suitability of coral habitats for island and reef wave-breaking structures. The system includes the following modules: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the hydrodynamic parameters of the target area with and without the influence of wave-breaking structures through hydrodynamic model simulation. The hydrodynamic parameters include spatial distribution data of wave height, flow velocity and water depth; The weight setting module is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to construct a judgment matrix of hydrodynamic factors for coral habitat suitability based on the hierarchical analysis method and calculate the initial weight of each hydrodynamic factor; wherein the hydrodynamic factors include wave height, flow velocity and water depth; The weight correction module is connected to the weight setting module and is used to dynamically correct the initial weight according to the coral tolerance threshold to obtain the corrected dynamic weight; A suitability index calculation module, connected with the weight correction module and the data acquisition module, is used to calculate the temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index based on dynamic weights and hydrodynamic parameters; A weighted habitat area calculation module is connected to the suitability index calculation module and is used to calculate a dynamic value of the weighted habitat area according to the temporal and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index; The rating module is connected to the weighted habitat area calculation module and is used to determine the impact level of the wave-breaking structure on the suitability of the coral habitat based on the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without the wave-breaking structure.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects: Based on the coral physiological tolerance threshold curve, this scheme embeds the ecological response laws of hydrodynamic factors such as wave height, flow velocity, and water depth into the weight calculation process of the hierarchical analysis method. By real-time judgment of whether the measured value exceeds the survival limit of the coral, the weight ratio of each factor is dynamically adjusted to realize the transformation of weight distribution from static experience-driven to ecological data-driven. Using time series hydrodynamic field data, a spatiotemporal cumulative suitability index model is established to combine instantaneous hydrodynamic parameters with long-term environmental fluctuations. The adaptability of corals to dynamic environments is quantified through a piecewise suitability function to capture the cumulative effect of habitat changes caused by wave-breaking projects in the time dimension. For extreme scenarios where multiple factors exceed the threshold in coordination, a processing mechanism is designed to force the weight to zero and link it with backup rules. Combined with the ecological definition of complete loss of coral habitats, the mathematical rationality and ecological consistency of the evaluation results in complex environments are ensured. Through the above technical means, this scheme realizes the full-chain analysis of engineering parameters-hydrodynamic fields-ecological responses, providing scientific support for the eco-friendly design of island and reef protection projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a threshold curve of coral tolerance to flow velocity is provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow velocity distribution diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention when there is no wave-breaking structure in a certain area; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability. Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability provided by an embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 , the method comprises the following steps: S1. The hydrodynamic parameters of the target area with and without the influence of wave-breaking structures are obtained through hydrodynamic model simulation. The hydrodynamic parameters include the spatial distribution data of wave height, flow velocity and water depth.

[0019] For example, Figure 3 It is a flow velocity distribution diagram when there is no wave-breaking structure in a certain area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The hydrodynamic parameters when there is no wave-breaking structure are used to calculate the weighted habitat area when there is no wave-breaking structure, which is used as the baseline value WUA without wave-breaking structure. 0 .

[0020] S2. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, a judgment matrix of hydrodynamic factors for coral habitat suitability was constructed, and the initial weights of each hydrodynamic factor were calculated.

[0021] Among them, hydrodynamic factors include wave height, flow velocity and water depth.

[0022] For example, 10 coral ecology and marine engineering experts can compare the importance of hydrodynamic factors in pairs (1-9 scale method) to form a judgment matrix, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Judgment matrix

[0023] S3. Dynamically modify the initial weight according to the coral tolerance threshold to obtain a modified dynamic weight.

[0024] In some embodiments, S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31. Determine the tolerance threshold curve of corals through experiments.

[0025] In some embodiments, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a coral tolerance threshold curve for flow velocity provided by an embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2 The coral tolerance threshold curve can be determined through laboratory destructive tests and long-term field observations. In laboratory tests, the physiological responses of coral samples (such as tissue damage and decreased calcification rate) are observed by gradually increasing wave height, flow rate or changing water depth conditions to determine the limit value that corals can tolerate. Figure 2 The curves shown are for reference only. The specific curves need to be obtained through experiments or on-site measurements based on different research locations and different research objects.

[0026] S32. Obtain the upper and lower limits of the tolerance thresholds of the coral to each hydrodynamic factor according to the tolerance threshold curve.

[0027] Among them, the upper and lower limits of the tolerance threshold correspond to the critical value of coral death and the minimum survival conditions respectively. For example, the upper limit of wave height is the critical wave height for the breakage of the coral skeleton, and the lower limit of flow velocity is the minimum flow velocity required for the attachment of coral larvae.

[0028] S33, respectively judging whether the measured value of each hydrodynamic factor exceeds the corresponding upper limit of the tolerance threshold or the lower limit of the tolerance threshold.

[0029] If so, the dynamic weight of the hydrodynamic factor is assigned to 0, otherwise the dynamic weight of the hydrodynamic factor is assigned to the initial weight.

[0030] Furthermore, if the dynamic weights of all hydrodynamic factors are assigned a value of 0, the subsequent steps are stopped and the impact level of wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is directly output as a negative impact.

[0031] When the dynamic weights of all hydrodynamic factors are assigned a value of zero, it indicates that all hydrodynamic parameters in the target area exceed the tolerance limit of corals, and the coral habitat is judged to be completely lost. The system automatically skips the subsequent calculation steps and directly outputs the impact level of wave-breaking structures on coral habitats as negative impact, avoiding calculation errors caused by the normalized denominator being zero. This rule is based on the principles of coral ecology. When wave height, flow rate and water depth simultaneously exceed the survival limit of corals, corals cannot complete basic physiological activities such as feeding and reproduction, which will lead to population extinction in the short term. Directly outputting the negative impact level can improve the evaluation efficiency in extreme scenarios while ensuring that the results are in line with ecological common sense.

[0032] S34, normalizing the dynamic weights of the various hydrodynamic factors to obtain the corrected dynamic weights of the various hydrodynamic factors.

[0033] Normalization is done by dividing the dynamic weight of each hydrodynamic factor by the sum of the weights to ensure that the sum of the corrected dynamic weights is still 1. For example, if the wave height exceeds the threshold and its weight is reset to zero, the remaining velocity and water depth weights are redistributed according to the initial proportion. This mechanism can avoid the conflict between the subjective weights of experts and the actual tolerance of corals, making the assessment model more in line with ecological laws.

[0034] S4. Calculate the temporal and spatial accumulated habitat suitability index based on dynamic weights and hydrodynamic parameters.

[0035] In some embodiments, S4 includes the following sub-steps: S41, dividing the target area into a number of grid units according to a preset resolution.

[0036] The calculation of the temporal and spatial cumulative habitat suitability index requires first dividing the target area into equally spaced grid cells. The grid resolution is set according to the simulation accuracy requirements and usually matches the spatial scale of the coral reef topographic data.

[0037] S42. Define the piecewise function of suitability of each hydrodynamic factor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the piecewise fitness function of each hydrodynamic factor includes: ; Where X represents any hydrodynamic factor (wave height H, flow velocity U or water depth h), f(X) represents the suitability value of the hydrodynamic factor, x represents the measured value of the hydrodynamic factor, and x min represents the lower tolerance threshold of the hydrodynamic factor, x max represents the upper limit of the tolerance threshold of the hydrodynamic factor, x opt Represents the ideal value of the hydrodynamic factor.

[0039] S43. Calculate the wave height suitability value, flow velocity suitability value and water depth suitability value of each grid unit according to the measured values ​​of each hydrodynamic factor of the suitability piecewise function.

[0040] S44. Obtain the instantaneous suitability index of each grid unit by weighted summing the modified dynamic weight of each hydrodynamic factor and the suitability value corresponding to each hydrodynamic factor.

[0041] S45, calculating the average value of all instantaneous suitability indexes of each grid unit within a preset time series, and obtaining the temporal and spatial accumulated habitat suitability index of each grid unit.

[0042] In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the temporal and spatial cumulative habitat suitability index is as follows: ; Among them, HSI 累计,j represents the temporal and spatial cumulative habitat suitability index of the jth grid unit, T represents the preset time series, t represents the t moment in the preset time series, and w H ' represents the corrected dynamic weight of wave height, w U ' represents the modified dynamic weight of flow velocity, w h ' represents the corrected dynamic weight of water depth, H j,t represents the measured wave height of the jth grid cell at time t, U j,t represents the measured value of the velocity of the jth grid cell at time t, h j,t represents the measured water depth of the jth grid cell at time t, f(H j,t ) represents the wave height suitability value of the jth grid unit at time t, f(U j,t ) represents the velocity suitability value of the jth grid unit at time t, f(h j,t ) represents the water depth suitability value of the j-th grid cell at time t.

[0043] The instantaneous suitability index is obtained by weighted summation of the dynamic weight and the suitability value of each factor, reflecting the current state of the coral habitat. The temporal cumulative suitability index quantifies the impact of long-term hydrodynamic fluctuations by calculating the average instantaneous index of each grid unit in time series such as tidal cycles and seasonal changes. For example, in a certain area, the wave height exceeds the standard in the short term during the typhoon season, but the long-term average value is within the tolerance range. The temporal and spatial cumulative index can balance short-term extreme events with long-term suitability.

[0044] S5. Calculate the dynamic value of weighted habitat area based on the habitat suitability index accumulated over time and space.

[0045] In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area is as follows: ; Where WUA represents the weighted habitat area dynamic value, j represents the jth grid unit, N represents the total number of grid units, and A j represents the area of ​​the jth grid cell, HSI 累计,j Represents the spatial and temporal accumulated habitat suitability index of the j-th grid cell.

[0046] The calculation of the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area requires traversing all grid cells, multiplying the area of ​​each cell by its spatiotemporal cumulative suitability index and then adding them up. The area parameter is determined according to the grid resolution. High-resolution grids can more accurately capture local changes in coral habitats. The spatiotemporal cumulative suitability index combines the influence of time and space dimensions. For example, if the suitability of a certain area is zero due to excessive wave heights during some periods of time, but the long-term average is still positive, the weighted area value will reflect the partial loss of its habitat. This indicator is positively correlated with coral biomass, providing a quantitative basis for the ecological impact of the project.

[0047] S6. Determine the impact level of wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability based on the difference between the dynamic value of weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures.

[0048] In some embodiments, the weighted habitat area (WUA) value obtained when there is no wave-breaking structure is recorded as WUA 0 The calculation formula for the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is as follows: ; Among them, ΔWUA represents the difference between the dynamic value of weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking buildings.

[0049] In some embodiments, the impact level classification specifically includes: If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is less than the first preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is negative; If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is greater than or equal to the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is neutral; If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is greater than the second preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of coral habitats is positive.

[0050] Among them, the first preset value and the second preset value can be set based on the experimental data of coral community resilience. For example, the first preset value can be -20%, and the second preset value can be 20%. When the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area decreases by more than the preset threshold value compared with the baseline value, it is judged as a negative impact, indicating that the project has caused irreversible degradation of the coral habitat; when the difference value is within the threshold range, it is judged as a neutral impact, and the habitat can be maintained through natural recovery or artificial restoration; when the difference value is positive and exceeds the threshold, it is judged as a positive impact, indicating that the project improves local hydrodynamic conditions. The threshold setting can take into account ecological indicators such as coral coverage and larval recruitment rate. For example, the negative impact threshold corresponds to the proportion of area loss when the coral coverage rate drops below the critical value.

[0051] Based on the coral physiological tolerance threshold curve, this scheme embeds the ecological response laws of hydrodynamic factors such as wave height, flow velocity, and water depth into the weight calculation process of the hierarchical analysis method. By real-time judgment of whether the measured value exceeds the survival limit of the coral, the weight ratio of each factor is dynamically adjusted to realize the transformation of weight distribution from static experience-driven to ecological data-driven. Using time series hydrodynamic field data, a spatiotemporal cumulative suitability index model is established to combine instantaneous hydrodynamic parameters with long-term environmental fluctuations. The adaptability of corals to dynamic environments is quantified through a piecewise suitability function to capture the cumulative effect of habitat changes caused by wave-breaking projects in the time dimension. For extreme scenarios where multiple factors exceed the threshold in coordination, a processing mechanism is designed to force the weight to zero and link it with backup rules. Combined with the ecological definition of complete loss of coral habitats, the mathematical rationality and ecological consistency of the evaluation results in complex environments are ensured. Through the above technical means, this scheme realizes the full-chain analysis of engineering parameters-hydrodynamic fields-ecological responses, providing scientific support for the eco-friendly design of island and reef protection projects.

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention provides a system for evaluating the suitability of coral habitats for island and reef wave-breaking structures, which is used to execute the method for evaluating the suitability of coral habitats for island and reef wave-breaking structures described in the above embodiment. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the system for evaluating the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability provided by an embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 4 , the system includes the following modules: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the hydrodynamic parameters of the target area with and without the influence of wave-breaking structures through hydrodynamic model simulation. The hydrodynamic parameters include spatial distribution data of wave height, flow velocity and water depth; The weight setting module is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to construct a judgment matrix of hydrodynamic factors for coral habitat suitability based on the hierarchical analysis method and calculate the initial weight of each hydrodynamic factor; wherein the hydrodynamic factors include wave height, flow velocity and water depth; The weight correction module is connected to the weight setting module and is used to dynamically correct the initial weight according to the coral tolerance threshold to obtain the corrected dynamic weight; A suitability index calculation module, connected with the weight correction module and the data acquisition module, is used to calculate the temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index based on dynamic weights and hydrodynamic parameters; A weighted habitat area calculation module is connected to the suitability index calculation module and is used to calculate a dynamic value of the weighted habitat area according to the temporal and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index; The rating module is connected to the weighted habitat area calculation module and is used to determine the impact level of the wave-breaking structure on the suitability of the coral habitat based on the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without the wave-breaking structure.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability is characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1. simulating a hydrodynamic model to obtain the hydrodynamic parameters of the target area with and without the influence of wave-breaking structures, wherein the hydrodynamic parameters include spatial distribution data of wave height, flow velocity and water depth; S2. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, a judgment matrix of hydrodynamic factors for coral habitat suitability was constructed, and the initial weights of each hydrodynamic factor were calculated; the hydrodynamic factors included wave height, flow velocity and water depth; S3, dynamically modifying the initial weight according to the coral tolerance threshold to obtain a modified dynamic weight; S4. Calculating a temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index based on the dynamic weight and the hydrodynamic parameter; S5. Calculating a dynamic value of a weighted habitat area according to the temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index; S6. Determine the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of the coral habitat based on the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without the wave-breaking structures.

2. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the initial weight is dynamically modified according to the coral tolerance threshold, and the modified dynamic weight includes: S31. Determine the tolerance threshold curve of corals through experiments; S32, obtaining the upper and lower limits of the tolerance thresholds of the coral to each hydrodynamic factor according to the tolerance threshold curve; S33, respectively judging whether the measured value of each hydrodynamic factor exceeds the corresponding upper limit of the tolerance threshold or the lower limit of the tolerance threshold; if so, assigning the dynamic weight of the hydrodynamic factor to 0, otherwise assigning the dynamic weight of the hydrodynamic factor to the initial weight; S34, normalizing the dynamic weights of the various hydrodynamic factors to obtain the corrected dynamic weights of the various hydrodynamic factors.

3. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the above S33, if the dynamic weights of all the hydrodynamic factors are assigned a value of 0, the subsequent steps are stopped and the impact level of the wave-breaking structure on the suitability of the coral habitat is directly output as a negative impact.

4. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S4, based on the dynamic weight and the hydrodynamic parameter, calculating the temporal and spatial cumulative habitat suitability index comprises: S41, dividing the target area into a number of grid units according to a preset resolution; S42, defining a piecewise function of suitability of each hydrodynamic factor; S43, calculating the wave height suitability value, flow velocity suitability value and water depth suitability value of each grid unit according to the measured values ​​of each hydrodynamic factor of the suitability piecewise function; S44, obtaining the instantaneous suitability index of each grid unit by weighted summing the modified dynamic weight of each hydrodynamic factor and the suitability value corresponding to each hydrodynamic factor; S45, calculating the average value of all instantaneous suitability indexes of each grid unit within a preset time series, and obtaining the temporal and spatial accumulated habitat suitability index of each grid unit.

5. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S42, the suitability piecewise function of each hydrodynamic factor includes: ； Where X represents any hydrodynamic factor, f(X) represents the suitability value of the hydrodynamic factor, x represents the measured value of the hydrodynamic factor, and x min represents the lower limit of the tolerance threshold of the hydrodynamic factor, x max represents the upper limit of the tolerance threshold of the hydrodynamic factor, x opt represents the ideal value of the hydrodynamic factor.

6. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S5, calculating the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area according to the temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index includes: ； Where WUA represents the weighted habitat area dynamic value, j represents the jth grid unit, N represents the total number of grid units, and A j represents the area of ​​the jth grid cell, HSI 累计,j Represents the spatial and temporal accumulated habitat suitability index of the j-th grid cell.

7. The method for assessing the impact of island and reef wave-breaking structures on coral habitat suitability according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, based on the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures, determining the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of the coral habitat includes: If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is less than a first preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of the coral habitat is a negative impact; If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is greater than or equal to the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of the coral habitat is neutral; If the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without wave-breaking structures is greater than a second preset value, the impact level of the wave-breaking structures on the suitability of the coral habitat is a positive impact.

8. A system for evaluating the suitability of coral habitats for wave-breaking structures on islands and reefs, used to implement the method for evaluating the suitability of coral habitats for wave-breaking structures on islands and reefs as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the hydrodynamic parameters of the target area with and without the influence of wave-breaking buildings through hydrodynamic model simulation, wherein the hydrodynamic parameters include spatial distribution data of wave height, flow velocity and water depth; A weight setting module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used to construct a judgment matrix of hydrodynamic factors for coral habitat suitability based on the hierarchical analysis method, and calculate the initial weight of each hydrodynamic factor; wherein the hydrodynamic factors include wave height, flow velocity and water depth; A weight correction module, connected to the weight setting module, is used to dynamically correct the initial weight according to the coral tolerance threshold to obtain a corrected dynamic weight; A suitability index calculation module, connected to the weight correction module and the data acquisition module, for calculating the temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index based on the dynamic weight and the hydrodynamic parameter; A weighted habitat area calculation module, connected to the suitability index calculation module, for calculating a dynamic value of a weighted habitat area according to the temporally and spatially accumulated habitat suitability index; The rating module is connected to the weighted habitat area calculation module and is used to determine the impact level of the wave-breaking structure on the coral habitat suitability based on the difference between the dynamic value of the weighted habitat area and the baseline value without the wave-breaking structure.

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