An insulated power cable

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses an insulating power cable which is composed of three layers, from inside to outside, namely a conductor, an insulating layer and a sheath layer, wherein the sheath layer comprises the following components by weight: chlorinated polyethylene 60-70 parts, calcium carbonate 10-20 parts, glass fiber 6-10 parts, carbon black 1-3 parts, aluminum hydroxide 10-12 parts, organic silicon compound 2-10 parts, antioxidant 0.3-0.5 parts and lubricant 0.8-1.2 parts. Through the technical scheme, the problems of low mechanical strength and low insulation performance of the power cable in the related art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to an insulated power cable. Background Art

[0002] A power cable is an electrical device used to transmit and distribute electrical energy. It consists of one or more insulated conductors with an insulation layer, inner sheath, metal sheath, and outer sheath. It is commonly used to transmit electricity from power plants to substations and to connect substations. It is also used to supply power to industrial, commercial, and residential buildings. Cables are often exposed to constantly changing mechanical stresses during use, such as when buried underground, overhead outdoors, or in situations requiring mechanical protection. During installation and laying, they are subjected to mechanical stresses such as stretching, compression, and bending. If the cable itself lacks sufficient mechanical strength, it can easily lead to degradation of electrical properties and even wire breakage. It is essential for cables to have a certain degree of insulation. Good insulation can effectively prevent current leakage and short circuits, thereby ensuring the safe operation of power systems and reducing the risk of insulation failure. Therefore, the development of a power cable with high mechanical strength and insulation is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an insulated power cable, which solves the problems of low mechanical strength and low insulation performance of power cables in related technologies.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes an insulated power cable, which consists of three layers, from the inside to the outside, namely a conductor, an insulating layer and a sheath layer. The sheath layer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 6-10 parts of glass fiber, 1-3 parts of carbon black, 10-12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2-10 parts of organic silicon compound, 0.3-0.5 parts of antioxidant, and 0.8-1.2 parts of lubricant.

[0005] As a further technical solution, the conductor is made of copper.

[0006] As a further technical solution, the insulating layer is a cross-linked polyethylene insulating layer.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the chlorinated polyethylene includes a first chlorinated polyethylene and a second chlorinated polyethylene, and the chlorine contents of the first chlorinated polyethylene and the second chlorinated polyethylene are different.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the chlorine content of the first chlorinated polyethylene is 40 wt %, the chlorine content of the second chlorinated polyethylene is 65 wt %, and the mass ratio of the first chlorinated polyethylene to the second chlorinated polyethylene is 2-4:1.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of the first chlorinated polyethylene to the second chlorinated polyethylene is 3:1.

[0010] When the chlorine content is low, the molecular chain structure of CPE is short, the material is relatively soft, and its mechanical strength is relatively low. As the chlorine content increases, the molecular chain structure of CPE becomes longer, and the intermolecular cross-linking is enhanced, making the material harder and more durable, and significantly improving its mechanical strength. The degree of crystallization increases, and its surface and volume resistivity also increase, effectively preventing current leakage and conduction, improving the insulation performance of the CPE material. However, as the chlorine content continues to increase, the crystallinity of CPE increases, the distance between molecular chains becomes shorter, and the molecular arrangement becomes more dense. However, excessive chlorine content can cause CPE to become too brittle, and its mechanical strength and insulation performance will decrease. In the present invention, by combining the first and second CPEs, a balance is found between insulation performance and material strength to obtain a power cable with optimal insulation performance and mechanical strength.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the organosilicon compound is an organosilicon compound containing phenyl groups and amino groups, and the mass ratio of the organosilicon compound to chlorinated polyethylene is 1:10-20.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of the organosilicon compound to the chlorinated polyethylene is 1:15.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the organosilicon compound includes one or both of triphenylsilylamine and 4-(trimethylsilyl)aniline.

[0014] In addition to benzene rings, organosilicon compounds also contain amino groups. The presence of amino groups can not only increase the polarity of the molecule, improve the compatibility of chlorinated polyethylene with other polar substances, make them better mixed, and enhance insulation, but the hydrogen atoms in chlorinated polyethylene can also form hydrogen bonds with the nitrogen atoms in the amino groups, strengthening the bond between the two and thereby improving the mechanical strength of the power cable.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, and antioxidant BHT.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the lubricant includes one or both of stearic acid and paraffin oil.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an insulated power cable, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, mixing the raw materials of the sheath layer uniformly, and extruding to obtain a sheath layer;

[0019] S2. Wrap the insulation layer and the sheath layer around the conductor in sequence to obtain a cable.

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] In this invention, chlorinated polyethylene is used as the primary insulating material. The presence of chlorine groups can prevent or slow the movement of charge within the material, thereby improving the material's insulation properties. The replacement of some hydrogen atoms in the chlorinated polyethylene with chlorine atoms increases the polarity and bond crystallinity of the molecular chain, enhancing intermolecular interactions and improving the material's mechanical strength. Furthermore, the invention also incorporates an organosilicon compound, which, through its inherent high resistivity and electrical properties, forms a highly effective insulating layer. This effectively prevents current from passing through the insulating layer and leaking into the external environment, ensuring that current is transmitted along the intended path, providing more reliable insulation protection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following examples and comparative examples:

[0024] First chlorinated polyethylene: chlorine content 40wt%, model CPE142C, manufacturer: Hangzhou Keli Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0025] The second chlorinated polyethylene: chlorine content 65wt%, model HCPE-1, manufacturer is Shandong Bangtai Petrochemical (Group) Co., Ltd.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] S1. Weigh 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 6 parts of glass fiber, and 1 part of carbon black, mix and stir for 5 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0028] S2, 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene, 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene, 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 12 parts of triphenylsilylamine, 0.3 parts of antioxidant 1010, 0.8 parts of stearic acid and the mixture were mixed, stirred at 110 ° C for 30 minutes, and blended and extruded through a twin-screw extruder, granulated, and then sent to an extruder for molding, sizing, pulling, and cutting to obtain a sheath layer;

[0029] S3. Wrap the insulation layer and the sheath layer around the conductor in sequence to obtain a cable.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] S1. Weigh 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 8 parts of glass fiber, and 2 parts of carbon black, mix and stir for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0032] S2, 32 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene, 32 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene, 11 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 12.8 parts of triphenylsilylamine, 0.3 parts of antioxidant 1076, 1 part of stearic acid and the mixture were mixed, stirred at 120°C for 25 minutes, blended and extruded through a twin-screw extruder, granulated, and then fed into an extruder for molding, sizing, pulling, and cutting to obtain a sheath layer;

[0033] S3. Wrap the insulation layer and the sheath layer around the conductor in sequence to obtain a cable.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] S1. Weigh 20 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of glass fiber, and 3 parts of carbon black, mix and stir for 15 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0036] S2, 35 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene, 35 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 14 parts of 4-(trimethylsilyl)aniline, 0.5 parts of antioxidant BHT, 1.2 parts of stearic acid and the mixture were mixed, stirred at 130° C. for 20 min, blended and extruded through a twin-screw extruder, granulated, and then fed into an extruder for molding, sizing, pulling, and cutting to obtain a sheath layer;

[0037] S3. Wrap the insulation layer and the sheath layer around the conductor in sequence to obtain a cable.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] Compared with Example 1, Example 4 is different in that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced by 40 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 20 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] Compared with Example 1, Example 5 is different in that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced by 45 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 15 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene.

[0042] Example 6

[0043] Compared with Example 1, Example 6 is different in that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced by 48 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 12 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene.

[0044] Example 7

[0045] Compared with Example 1, Example 7 is different in that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced by 50 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 10 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene.

[0046] Example 8

[0047] Compared with Example 1, Example 8 is different in that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced with 60 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene.

[0048] Example 9

[0049] Compared with Example 1, Example 9 is different in that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced with 60 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene.

[0050] Example 10

[0051] Compared with Example 5, Example 10 is different in that 12 parts of triphenylsilylamine are replaced by 6 parts of triphenylsilylamine.

[0052] Example 11

[0053] Compared with Example 5, Example 11 is different in that 12 parts of triphenylsilylamine are replaced by 4 parts of triphenylsilylamine.

[0054] Example 12

[0055] Compared with Example 5, Example 12 is different in that 12 parts of triphenylsilylamine are replaced by 3 parts of triphenylsilylamine.

[0056] Example 13

[0057] Compared with Example 5, Example 13 is different in that 12 parts of triphenylsilylamine is replaced by 2.4 parts of triphenylsilylamine.

[0058] Example 14

[0059] Compared with Example 1, Example 14 is different in that triphenylsilylamine is replaced by an equal amount of diphenylmethylsilane.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 1 is that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced by 60 parts of chlorinated polyethylene with a chlorine content of 25 wt %, model CPE645, and manufacturer Weifang Shuoyi Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 2 is that 30 parts of the first chlorinated polyethylene and 30 parts of the second chlorinated polyethylene are replaced by 60 parts of chlorinated polyethylene with a chlorine content of 67 wt %, model J-1000, and manufacturer Ruize Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0064] The insulated power cables prepared in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested according to the following method:

[0065] 1. Dielectric constant: Test the dielectric constant of the sample according to the test method specified in GB / T 3048.8-2007 "Electrical performance test methods for wires and cables Part 8: AC voltage test".

[0066] 2. Flexural modulus: Test the flexural modulus of the sample according to the test method specified in GB / T 9341-2008 "Test for flexural properties of plastics".

[0067] The test results are shown in the following table:

[0068] Table 1 Performance test results of insulated power cables prepared in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2

[0069]

[0070] Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the chlorine contents of chlorinated polyethylene added in Examples 8 and 9 were 40 wt% and 65 wt%, respectively. As a result, the dielectric constant and bending elastic modulus of Examples 8 and 9 were greater than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, indicating that chlorinated polyethylene with a chlorine content of 40 to 65 wt% can improve the insulation and mechanical strength of power cables.

[0071] Compared with Examples 8 and 9, Examples 1 to 3 simultaneously added the first chlorinated polyethylene and the second chlorinated polyethylene. As a result, the dielectric constants and bending elastic moduli of Examples 1 to 3 were greater than those of Examples 8 and 9, indicating that when the first chlorinated polyethylene and the second chlorinated polyethylene were added simultaneously, the insulation and mechanical strength of the obtained power cables were better.

[0072] Compared with Example 1, Examples 4 to 7 added different proportions of the first chlorinated polyethylene and the second chlorinated polyethylene. The dielectric constants and bending elastic moduli of Examples 4 to 6 were greater than those of Example 1 and Example 7, indicating that when the mass ratio of the first chlorinated polyethylene to the second chlorinated polyethylene was 2 to 4:1, and preferably 3:1, the insulation and mechanical strength of the obtained power cable were better.

[0073] Compared with Example 14, the diphenylmethylsilane in Example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of triphenylsilylamine. As a result, the dielectric constant and bending modulus of Example 1 were greater than those of Example 14, indicating that the organosilicon compound containing an amino group can further enhance the mechanical strength of the insulation of the power cable.

[0074] Compared with Example 5, Examples 10 to 13 added different amounts of triphenylsilylamine. As a result, the dielectric constants and bending elastic moduli of Examples 10 to 12 were greater than those of Examples 5 and 13, indicating that when the mass ratio of triphenylsilylamine to chlorinated polyethylene was 1:10 to 20, and preferably 1:15, the insulation and mechanical strength of the obtained power cable were optimal.

[0075] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insulated power cable, characterized in that: The invention is composed of three layers, namely, a conductor, an insulating layer and a sheath layer, from the inner to the outer, wherein the sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 6-10 parts of glass fiber, 1-3 parts of carbon black, 10-12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2-10 parts of organosilicon compound, 0.3-0.5 parts of antioxidant and 0.8-1.2 parts of lubricant; The chlorinated polyethylene includes a first chlorinated polyethylene and a second chlorinated polyethylene, the chlorine content of the first chlorinated polyethylene is 40wt%, the chlorine content of the second chlorinated polyethylene is 65wt%, and the mass ratio of the first chlorinated polyethylene to the second chlorinated polyethylene is 2-4:1; The organosilicon compound is an organosilicon compound containing phenyl groups and amine groups, and the mass ratio of the organosilicon compound to chlorinated polyethylene is 1:10-20.

2. An insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the conductor is copper.

3. The insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer is a cross-linked polyethylene insulating layer.

4. The insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic silicon compound includes one or both of triphenylsilylamine and 4-(trimethylsilyl)aniline.

5. The insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, and antioxidant BHT.

6. The insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant includes one or both of stearic acid and paraffin oil.

7. The method for preparing an insulated power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the raw materials of the sheath layer uniformly, and extruding to obtain a sheath layer; S2. Wrap the insulation layer and the sheath layer around the conductor in sequence to obtain a cable.

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