Saline-alkali water culture simulation experiment system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a saline-alkali water culture simulation experiment system and method, the saline-alkali water culture simulation experiment system comprises a saline-alkali soil laying device, a saline-alkali water collecting device and a saline-alkali water culture device, the saline-alkali soil laying device is connected with the saline-alkali water collecting device through an alkaline water discharging collecting main pipe, and the saline-alkali water collecting device is connected with the saline-alkali water culture device through a drainage system. The system can simulate soil environments of different types of saline-alkali soil (sulfate type, chloride type, carbonate type and mixed type), and provides appropriate growth conditions for aquaculture through soil laying, concealed pipe laying and saline-alkali water collection and recycling treatment. According to the saline-alkali water planting and breeding mode experimental system, the proportion of planting and breeding combination of different types of soil (sandy soil, clay and sand clay) is analyzed, various sensors and data acquisition devices are integrated, various data in the experimental process can be monitored and recorded in real time, and powerful support is provided for saline-alkali water planting and breeding mode experimental analysis, new technology application and mode construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the aquaculture industry, and particularly to a saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system and method. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to land with relatively high salt and alkali content in the soil. Such land is usually not suitable for the growth of ordinary crops. In order to enable the soil of saline-alkali land to grow crops, it is necessary to improve the soil by washing salt. At the same time, for some aquaculture varieties, saline-alkali land may have unique aquaculture value. The salt and alkali components in saline-alkali water can provide a necessary growth environment for some aquatic animals, giving them special qualities and tastes.

[0003] Due to differences in factors such as sunlight, latitude, longitude, and terrain in different regions, the soil components are also different. Therefore, the transformation methods should be adapted to local conditions. Otherwise, the transformation effect cannot be achieved, and the saline-alkali water obtained by washing salt cannot be used for planting.

[0004] There are diverse types of saline-alkali soils across the country. In the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali soils, fresh water flooding and drip irrigation technologies are usually used to improve saline-alkali soils, and certain subsurface pipes are laid at the bottom of saline-alkali soils to collect saline-alkali water. This saline-alkali water can be used for aquaculture, but the discharge of aquaculture wastewater has always been a problem difficult to solve, and biological treatment methods are usually adopted. Due to different particle sizes of saline-alkali soils, there are differences in the laying of subsurface pipes and irrigation methods in the planting part of saline-alkali soils. Due to different types of saline-alkali soils, there are differences in the selection of saline-alkali water aquaculture varieties. Therefore, this brings a series of problems to agricultural and fishery planning. The design of this system comprehensively considers advanced foreign theories and innovatively designs a set of experimental simulation systems to provide a preliminary test system for saline-alkali soil aquaculture and planting planning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system and method, aiming to transform different saline-alkali lands, use the saline-alkali water after salt washing to provide stable growth conditions for aquaculture, and at the same time explore the optimal parameters of saline-alkali water aquaculture, providing a basis for the development of saline-alkali land aquaculture. Through simulation experiments, the transformation methods of saline-alkali land can be optimized, the aquaculture conditions can be improved, and the aquaculture efficiency can be increased, providing a scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable development of saline-alkali land aquaculture. The specific solutions are as follows:

[0006] A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system, the saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system includes a saline-alkali soil laying device, a saline-alkali water collection device, and a saline-alkali water aquaculture device. The saline-alkali soil laying device is connected to the saline-alkali water collection device through a main alkali drainage collection pipe, and the saline-alkali water collection device is connected to the saline-alkali water aquaculture device through a drainage system;

[0007] The saline-alkali soil laying device is composed of a horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and a vertical saline-alkali soil laying device. Both the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device are connected with a watering port.

[0008] The horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device includes an open box body. In the open box body, a first test saline-alkali soil is laid. In the open box body, a drip irrigation pipe, an alkali-adding hidden pipe, and a salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the height direction. The drip irrigation pipe is laid on the surface of the first test saline-alkali soil. The alkali-adding hidden pipe is located in the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil. The salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe is located at the bottom of the first test saline-alkali soil. A number of alkali-adding ports and first alkali-draining ports are respectively opened on the surfaces of the alkali-adding hidden pipe and the salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe.

[0009] The vertical saline-alkali soil laying device includes a vertical cylinder body higher than the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device. In the vertical cylinder body, a second test saline-alkali soil with a depth higher than that of the first test saline-alkali soil is laid. The bottom of the vertical cylinder body is conical and is provided with a second alkali-draining port.

[0010] The saline-alkali water collection device includes a water collection cylinder. In the water collection cylinder, a first water quality sensor and a saline-alkali water transfer pump are arranged.

[0011] The saline-alkali water aquaculture device includes at least one aquaculture test pond. Each aquaculture test pond is connected to the drainage port of the saline-alkali water transfer pump. A second water quality sensor is arranged in each aquaculture test pond.

[0012] Furthermore, sampling water intake ports are provided at different heights on the open box body and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device.

[0013] Soil sensors buried in the first test saline-alkali soil and the second test saline-alkali soil are installed in both the open box body and the vertical cylinder body. The soil sensors are connected to an external controller through power signal lines.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameters of the alkali-adding hidden pipe and the salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe are 10 mm and 50 mm respectively.

[0015] The open box body is provided with first sampling water intake ports at both the bottom and the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil.

[0016] The vertical saline-alkali soil laying device is provided with second sampling water intake ports on the upper surface, the middle, and the bottom of the second test saline-alkali soil.

[0017] Furthermore, a top cover is detachably installed on the top of the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device.

[0018] The total area ratio of the further saline-alkali soil laying device, saline-alkali water collection device, and saline-alkali water aquaculture device is (30-40):1:(10-20).

[0019] Further, the saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system further includes an irradiation lamp and a blower disposed directly above the open box body. The irradiation lamp is used to provide light, and the blower is used to blow gas onto the surface of the first test saline-alkali soil.

[0020] Further, the open box body is a long strip box body. In half of the area in the length direction of the long strip box body, there is buried further, and the aquaculture test pond includes:[[]]

[0021] At least one annular pond aquaculture pond;

[0022] At least one rectangular aquaculture pond. A partition is provided in the rectangular aquaculture pond. The first aquaculture pond is divided into an aquaculture area and a water treatment area by the partition. An air-lift device is provided at one end of the partition to aerate and transport the water in the aquaculture area to the water treatment area, and a permeable wall for connecting the aquaculture area and the water treatment area is provided at the other end of the partition;

[0023] At least one planting and aquaculture pond. The periphery of the bottom of the planting and aquaculture pond is recessed towards the center to form a bottom mud collection area in the middle;

[0024] A surface water circulation pump. The inlet and outlet of the surface water circulation pump are connected through a water circulation pipeline. The water circulation pipeline is provided with an inlet and an outlet in the surface water of the annular pond aquaculture pond, the aquaculture area of the rectangular aquaculture pond, and the planting and aquaculture pond. The surface aquaculture water of the annular pond aquaculture pond, the aquaculture area of the rectangular aquaculture pond, and the planting and aquaculture pond is exchanged through the surface water circulation pump.

[0025] Further, the aquaculture test pond includes two rectangular aquaculture ponds. Ceramsite fillers are laid at the bottom of the first water treatment area of the first rectangular aquaculture pond, and ceramsite fillers are laid at the bottom of the second water treatment area of the second rectangular aquaculture pond and / or salt-tolerant plants are cultured.

[0026] An experimental method based on the above saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system. The experimental method is as follows:

[0027] Lay the first test saline-alkali soil and the second test saline-alkali soil in the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device respectively;

[0028] Water and wash the salt of the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and / or the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device;

[0029] The saline-alkali water generated by washing the salt is collected through the salt-washing and alkali-discharging water collection blind pipe and discharged into the water collecting cylinder;

[0030] The saline-alkali water in the water collection cylinder is transported to each of the aquaculture test ponds through the saline-alkali water transfer pump;

[0031] Collect experimental data and establish experimental records.

[0032] For the various soil data of the first test saline-alkali soil and the second test saline-alkali soil, the water quality data of the water collection cylinder, the water quality data of each aquaculture test pond, and the data of the planted and cultured animals and plants, establish the experimental records of the saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment according to the various data, and provide data records for the analysis of the saline-alkali water aquaculture experiment, the application of new saline-alkali water aquaculture technologies, and the construction of the saline-alkali water model.

[0033] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] This system can simulate the soil environments of different types of saline-alkali lands (sulfate type, chloride type, carbonate type, mixed type). Through soil laying, buried pipe laying, and saline-alkali water collection and reuse treatment, it provides suitable growth conditions for aquaculture. Analyze the proportioning of the combination of planting and breeding for different types of soils (sand soil, clay soil, sandy clay soil). This system integrates a variety of sensors and data collection devices, and can monitor and record various data in the experimental process in real time, providing strong support for the experimental analysis of the saline-alkali water planting and breeding mode, the application of new technologies, and the construction of the mode. This test system can be widely applied to different types of saline-alkali areas across the country, providing preliminary technical analysis support for the planting and breeding agricultural planning of large areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 It is the overall layout diagram of a saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is the side view of a saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experiment system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is the side view of a vertical cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, some technical features well known in the art are not described to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0040] To thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed steps and structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. However, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention may have other embodiments.

[0041] Referring Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a simulated experimental system for saline-alkali water aquaculture. The simulated experimental system for saline-alkali water aquaculture includes a saline-alkali soil laying device 100, a saline-alkali water collection device 200, and a saline-alkali water aquaculture device 300. The saline-alkali soil laying device 100 is connected to the saline-alkali water collection device 200 through a main alkali drainage water collection pipe 210, and the saline-alkali water collection device 200 is connected to the saline-alkali water aquaculture device 300.

[0042] Saline-alkali soil laying device 100

[0043] The saline-alkali soil laying device 100 is composed of a horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110 and a vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120. Both the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110 and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120 are connected with watering ports for flood irrigation.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110 includes a long strip-shaped open box 111. The long strip-shaped open box 111 is 1 meter wide, 4 meters long, and 1 meter high. There is a 0.5-meter support frame at the bottom, and there are reinforcing ribs in the middle to prevent the soil from crushing the outer wall or deforming. The bottom support frame is made of angle steel material.

[0045] A first test saline-alkali soil 112 is laid in the open box 111. In the open box 111, a plurality of drip irrigation pipes 113, a plurality of alkali addition dark pipes 114, and a plurality of salt washing and alkali drainage water collection dark pipes 115 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the height direction.

[0046] A plurality of drip irrigation pipes 113 are laid on the surface of the first test saline-alkali soil 112. The horizontal distance between the drip irrigation pipes 113 is 310 mm. The drip irrigation rubber hoses are connected to the main pipe and communicate with the external drip irrigation system. The main purpose is to add nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and other liquid fertilizers integrated with water, and can simulate the improvement mechanism process of saline-alkali soil by drip irrigation technology.

[0047] A number of alkali-adding hidden pipes 114 are located in the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil 112. A PVC hidden pipe with a diameter of 10 mm is arranged in the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil 112 as the alkali-adding hidden pipe 114. The hidden pipe is perforated as the alkali-adding port. The horizontal distance between the hidden pipes is 820 mm. The hidden pipes are connected to the main pipe and are also connected to an external alkali-adding device. The main purpose of the alkali-adding hidden pipe 114 is to add salt and alkali.

[0048] A number of salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipes 115 are located at the bottom of the first test saline-alkali soil 112. A PVC hidden pipe with a diameter of 50 mm is arranged at the bottom of the first test saline-alkali soil 112 as the salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe 115. A number of first alkali-draining ports are opened on the hidden pipe. The distance between the hidden pipes is 823 mm. The hidden pipes are connected to the alkali-draining water collection main pipe 210, and the first alkali-draining ports are connected to the alkali-draining water collection main pipe 210.

[0049] As Figure 3 shown, the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120 includes a vertical cylinder 121 that is higher than the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110. A top cover 123 is detachably installed at the top of the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120, which can play a certain sealing role (the vertical cylinder 121 does not need to be completely sealed). The second test saline-alkali soil 122 with a depth greater than that of the first test saline-alkali soil 112 is laid in the vertical cylinder 121. The bottom of the vertical cylinder 121 is conical and is provided with a second alkali-draining port 126 for collecting the saline-alkali washing water. The second alkali-draining port 126 is connected to the alkali-draining water collection main pipe 210.

[0050] The main purposes of the salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe 115 and the second alkali-draining port 126 are to collect the salt-washing and alkali-draining water. The salt-washing and alkali-draining water collection hidden pipe 115 and the second alkali-draining port 126 are both connected to the external alkali-draining water collection main pipe 210. The alkali-draining water collection main pipe 210 is communicated with the external saline-alkali water collection device 200, and the salt-washing and alkali-draining water is discharged into the saline-alkali water collection device 200.

[0051] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the open-top box 111 is provided with a first sampling and water-taking port 117 at both the bottom and the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil 112; the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120 is provided with a second sampling and water-taking port 127 on the upper surface, the middle and the bottom of the second test saline-alkali soil 122. Soil samples at different depths are collected through the first sampling and water-taking port 117 and the second sampling and water-taking port 127 to record soil data.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, soil sensors 118 and 128 are installed in both the open box 111 and the vertical cylinder 121, buried in multiple locations of the first test saline-alkali soil 112 and the first test saline-alkali soil 112. The soil sensors 118 and 128 are connected to an external controller through power signal lines. By reading the various soil data detected by the soil sensors recorded by the external controller, the monitoring indicators include EC value, temperature, available potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, etc.

[0053] Above the open box 111, there is also a fan incandescent lamp 130. The fan incandescent lamp 130 is equipped with an independently operating incandescent lamp and a ceiling fan, mainly simulating the effects of wind and light on the surface soil.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, the fan incandescent lamp 130 is only set in a half-length area of the long strip-shaped open box 111, and the alkali-adding dark pipe 114 is only set in a half-length area of the long strip-shaped open box 111. One half area controls the alkali through light drying, and the other area controls the alkali by directly adding it to the soil interior through the alkali-adding dark pipe 114. Through this design, the changes in saline-alkali soil under different alkali control methods can be compared, and the optimal method for improving saline-alkali soil can be further explored. The setting of the fan incandescent lamp 130 not only simulates the light and wind conditions in the natural environment but also can study the specific effects of these environmental factors on the process of improving saline-alkali soil by adjusting the light intensity and wind force.

[0055] Saline-alkali water collection device 200

[0056] The saline-alkali water collection device 200 includes a water collection cylinder 201, and a first water quality sensor 202 and a saline-alkali water transfer pump 203 are provided in the water collection cylinder 201.

[0057] The monitoring indicators of the first water quality sensor 202 include water temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, ORP, PH, ammonia nitrogen, etc.

[0058] Saline-alkali water aquaculture device 300

[0059] The saline-alkali water aquaculture device 300 includes at least one aquaculture test pond. Each aquaculture test pond is connected to the drainage outlet of the saline-alkali water transfer pump 203, and a second water quality sensor 301 is provided in each aquaculture test pond. The monitoring indicators of the second water quality sensor 30 include water temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, ORP, PH, ammonia nitrogen, etc.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, the aquaculture test pond includes an annular pond aquaculture pond 310, two rectangular aquaculture ponds 320, and a certain type of aquaculture pond 330.

[0061] 1) Annular pond aquaculture pond 310: The annular pond aquaculture pond 310 is a long strip-shaped annular pond with a length of 1686 mm and a width of 551 mm, and there is a partition wall in the middle of the annular pond aquaculture pond 310.

[0062] 2) Rectangular aquaculture ponds 320: Let the two rectangular aquaculture ponds 320 be the first rectangular aquaculture pond 321 and the second rectangular aquaculture pond 322. A partition 323 is provided in each of the first rectangular aquaculture pond 321 and the second rectangular aquaculture pond 322. The internal space of the first rectangular aquaculture pond 321 and the second rectangular aquaculture pond 322 is divided into an aquaculture area 324 and a water treatment area 325 by the partition 323, and the proportion of the area of the water treatment area 325 is 30%.

[0063] An air-lift device 326 is provided at one end of the partition 323 (the right side in the figure) to aerate and transport the water in the aquaculture area 324 to the water treatment area 325. A permeable wall for connecting the aquaculture area 324 and the water treatment area 325 is provided at the other end of the partition 323 (the left side in the figure), and an internal water circulation of the rectangular aquaculture pond 320 is formed through the air-lift device 326. Among them, the difference between the first rectangular aquaculture pond 321 and the second rectangular aquaculture pond 322 is that ceramsite fillers 327 are laid in the water treatment area of the first rectangular aquaculture pond 321, while biomass fillers 328 for planting aquatic plants are used in the water treatment area of the second rectangular aquaculture pond 322.

[0064] 3) Aquaculture and planting pond 330. The aquaculture and planting pond 330 is rectangular. The four sides of the bottom of the aquaculture and planting pond 330 are recessed towards the center to form a bottom mud collection area 331 in the middle. By analyzing the bottom mud in the bottom mud collection area 331, the action process of salt and alkali deposition during the saline-alkali water aquaculture process is simulated.

[0065] The saline-alkali water aquaculture device 300 also includes a surface water circulation pump (not shown in the figure). The surface water circulation pump is connected to a water circulation pipeline. The water circulation pipeline is provided with an inlet 302 in the surface water of the annular pond aquaculture pond 310, the aquaculture areas of the rectangular aquaculture ponds 320, and the aquaculture and planting pond 330. The surface aquaculture water of the annular pond aquaculture pond 310, the aquaculture areas of the rectangular aquaculture ponds 320, and the aquaculture and planting pond 330 is pumped through the surface water circulation pump for circulation and then transported back to each aquaculture pond to realize the exchange of the surface water of each aquaculture pond.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the total area ratio of the saline-alkali soil laying device, the saline-alkali water collection device, and the saline-alkali water aquaculture device is (30 - 40):1:(10 - 20). This ratio design aims to achieve the maximum utilization of resources and the sustainable development of the environment. The preferred ratio is 30:1:20, and such a ratio can ensure a harmonious balance among the planting area, the collection area, and the aquaculture area. The main basis for the area ratio is the water consumption in the planting area and the water demand in the aquaculture area, which are the key factors determining the operation efficiency of the entire system. In addition, the water collection efficiency and salinity also determine the area of the collected water because they directly affect the treatment and utilization of the desalination and alkali-drainage water. Through such a design, the desalination and alkali-drainage water can be collected with the smallest area, and at the same time, the balance between planting and aquaculture can be achieved with the most appropriate area. If the catchment area is too large, it will lead to a waste of land resources and an increase in evaporation loss of water; on the contrary, if the catchment area is too small, the required desalination and alkali-drainage water cannot be completely collected. Similarly, if the aquaculture area is too large, it may lead to insufficient desalinated water to meet the aquaculture needs; while if the aquaculture area is too small, the desalinated water cannot be fully utilized, resulting in a waste of resources. Therefore, through precise area ratio, the efficient operation of the entire system can be ensured while reducing the impact on the environment.

[0067] The innovation points of the present invention are reflected in:

[0068] 1) Full-process simulation: From the desalination of saline-alkali soil, the collection of desalination and alkali-drainage water to the aquaculture water cycle, the ecological chain of aquaculture in saline-alkali land is completely simulated.

[0069] 2) Precise control: Through sensors and adjustment devices, precise control of parameters such as salinity, light, and wind force is achieved, reducing experimental errors.

[0070] 3) Multi-dimensional comparison: The designs of different devices (horizontal / vertical) and aquaculture ponds (circular / rectangular / aquaculture and planting ponds) support horizontal comparison tests, improving research efficiency.

[0071] 4) Close industrial combination: The experimental results can directly guide the practice of aquaculture in saline-alkali land, promoting the utilization of saline-alkali water resources and sustainable development.

[0072] The simulation experiment method of the present invention is as follows:

[0073] S1. Lay the first test saline-alkali soil 112 and the second test saline-alkali soil 122 in the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110 and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120 respectively. The first test saline-alkali soil 112 and the second test saline-alkali soil 122 can be soils of the same batch or different batches.

[0074] S2. Water the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110 and / or the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120 for desalination. Since the soil depth of the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device 120 is relatively deep, irrigation is used. While the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device 110 can use either irrigation or drip irrigation. Experimenters can use the two watering methods separately in two experiments, and then determine which watering and desalination method is better for this kind of soil according to the experimental data.

[0075] S3. The saline-alkali water generated during desalination is collected by the desalination and alkali-drainage water collection blind pipe 115 and discharged into the water collection cylinder 201.

[0076] S4. Transport the saline-alkali water in the water collection cylinder 201 to each aquaculture test pond through the saline-alkali water transfer pump 203.

[0077] S5. Put aquaculture organisms into the annular pond aquaculture pond 310, the rectangular aquaculture pond 320, and the planting and breeding pond 330, and supplement appropriate fresh water until the water levels of each aquaculture test pond reach the specified liquid level.

[0078] Collect various soil data of the first test saline-alkali soil 112 and the second test saline-alkali soil 122, the water quality data of the water collection cylinder 201, the water quality data, bottom mud composition data, and planted and bred animal and plant data of each aquaculture test pond. Establish an experimental record of the alkaline water aquaculture simulation experiment based on the various data, provide data records for the analysis of saline-alkali water aquaculture experiments, the application of new saline-alkali water aquaculture technologies, and the construction of saline-alkali water models. Subsequently, optimize the desalination methods of the first test saline-alkali soil 112 and the second test saline-alkali soil 122 according to the experimental data, optimize the acid-base adjustment of the saline-alkali water in the water collection cylinder 201, and optimize the aquaculture in each aquaculture test pond.

[0079] In order to simulate the influence of different salinity levels on the growth of aquatic animals, the present invention also designs a salinity adjustment system. This system can accurately control the salinity of the aquaculture water by adding appropriate amounts of salt and alkali into the water collection cylinder 201, so as to study the growth conditions and quality changes of aquatic animals under different salinity conditions. At the same time, by comparing the data of different aquaculture test ponds, the most suitable varieties and aquaculture conditions for saline-alkali water aquaculture can be screened out, providing a scientific basis for the popularization of saline-alkali land aquaculture.

[0080] In addition, the present invention also provides a set of data analysis and processing software, which can automatically collect, organize and analyze experimental data, generate intuitive charts and reports, help experimenters better understand the experimental results, and guide subsequent saline-alkali water aquaculture practices.

[0081] In summary, the saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system and method proposed in the present invention provide a scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable development of saline-alkali land aquaculture by simulating the soil and water quality conditions of different saline-alkali lands. The system has the advantages of simple operation, accurate data, intuitive results, etc., and has high practical value and application prospects.

[0082] The advantages of the saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system and method of the present invention are as follows:

[0083] Environmental simulation capabilities

[0084] 1. Multi-type soil simulation: Through horizontal and vertical saline-alkali soil laying devices, the thickness, density and structure of different saline-alkali soils can be simulated, covering shallow and deep saline-alkali soil environments. 2. Dynamic adjustment of salinity: Alkali addition pipes and salt washing and alkali water collection pipes support the dynamic addition and discharge of saline-alkali components, and flexibly adjust soil salinity.

[0085] Data monitoring and analysis

[0086] 3. Real-time multi-parameter monitoring: Integrates soil sensors (EC value, temperature, available nutrients) and water quality sensors (salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, etc.) to collect data in real time and support precise experimental analysis.

[0087] 4. Multi-level sampling design: Sampling water intakes are set at different soil depths to facilitate the study of the migration patterns of saline and alkali components and their impact on aquaculture water.

[0088] Farming system optimization

[0089] 5. Diversified aquaculture pond design: including circular ponds, rectangular ponds (aquaculture area + water treatment area), breeding ponds (sediment collection area), which can compare the effects of different aquaculture modes (physical filtration, biological purification, sediment sedimentation). 6. Water circulation control: The surface water circulation pump is used to achieve water exchange between aquaculture ponds, simulating the water exchange process in a real aquaculture environment.

[0090] Flexibility in experimental methods

[0091] 7. Multi-scenario experimental support: It can simulate different salt washing methods such as drip irrigation and irrigation, and can also simulate the impact of wind erosion and light on the soil through fans and incandescent lamps, adapting to the characteristics of saline-alkali land in different regions. 8. Saline-alkali water regulation expansion: By adding saline-alkali components through the saline-alkali water collection device, the differentiated effects of different salinities on the growth of aquatic animals can be studied.

[0092] Technology application value

[0093] 9. Data-driven decision-making: The experimental records cover soil, water quality, and plant and animal growth data, providing a scientific basis for optimizing saline-alkali land improvement methods, screening aquaculture conditions, and verifying new technologies. 10. Generalizability: The modular design of the system (such as detachable top covers and standardized sizes of subsurface pipes) facilitates large-scale replication and is applicable to scientific research and industrial applications.

[0094] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the equipment and structures not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system, characterized in that: The saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system comprises a saline-alkali soil laying device, a saline-alkali water collecting device, and a saline-alkali water aquaculture device, wherein the saline-alkali soil laying device is connected to the saline-alkali water collecting device through an alkali water collection main pipe, and the saline-alkali water collecting device is connected to the saline-alkali water aquaculture device through a drainage system; The saline-alkali soil laying device is composed of a horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and a vertical saline-alkali soil laying device, and both the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device are connected with a watering port. The horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device comprises an open box, a first test saline-alkali soil is laid in the open box, a drip irrigation pipe, an alkali-adding concealed pipe and a salt-washing and alkali-draining water collecting concealed pipe are arranged in the open box from top to bottom in the height direction, the drip irrigation pipe is laid on the surface of the first test saline-alkali soil, the alkali-adding concealed pipe is located in the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil, the salt-washing and alkali-draining water collecting concealed pipe is located at the bottom of the first test saline-alkali soil, and a plurality of alkali-adding ports and a first alkali-draining port are respectively opened on the surfaces of the alkali-adding concealed pipe and the salt-washing and alkali-draining water collecting concealed pipe; The vertical saline-alkali soil laying device comprises a vertical cylinder higher than the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device, a second test saline-alkali soil having a depth higher than the first test saline-alkali soil is laid in the vertical cylinder, and the bottom of the vertical cylinder is conical and provided with a second alkali discharge port; The saline-alkali water collection device comprises a water collecting cylinder, in which a first water quality sensor and a saline-alkali water delivery pump are arranged; The saline-alkali water aquaculture device comprises at least one aquaculture test pool, each of the aquaculture test pools is connected to the drain outlet of the saline-alkali water delivery pump, and a second water quality sensor is arranged in each of the aquaculture test pools.

2. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the alkali adding dark pipe and the salt washing and alkali drainage water collecting dark pipe are 10 mm and 50 mm respectively; The open box and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device are provided with sampling water inlets at different heights; The open box and the vertical cylinder are both equipped with soil sensors buried in the first test saline-alkali soil and the first test saline-alkali soil, and the soil sensors are connected to an external controller via a power signal line.

3. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The open box is provided with a first sampling water inlet at the bottom and the middle of the first test saline-alkali soil; The vertical saline-alkali soil laying device is provided with second sampling water inlets at the upper surface, middle and bottom of the second test saline-alkali soil.

4. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A top cover is detachably mounted on the top of the vertical saline-alkali soil paving device.

5. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The total area ratio of the saline-alkali soil laying device, the saline-alkali water collection device, and the saline-alkali water breeding device is (30-40):1:(10-20).

6. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system also includes an irradiation lamp and a blower arranged directly above the open box, the irradiation lamp is used to provide lighting, and the blower is used to blow gas to the surface of the first test saline-alkali soil.

7. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The open box is a long strip box, in which the alkali-adding concealed pipe is buried in half of the area in the length direction of the long strip box, and the irradiation lamp and the hair dryer are arranged just above the other half of the area.

8. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding test pond comprises: At least one circular pond culture pond; At least one rectangular culture pond, wherein a partition is provided in the rectangular culture pond, and the partition divides the first culture pond into a culture area and a water treatment area, an air stripping device is provided at one end of the partition to aerate and transport water in the culture area to the water treatment area, and a permeable wall is provided at the other end of the partition to connect the culture area and the water treatment area; At least one breeding pond, wherein the bottom of the breeding pond is concave toward the center to form a bottom mud collection area in the middle; A surface water circulation pump, the inlet and outlet water of the surface water circulation pump are connected by a water circulation pipeline, and the water circulation pipeline is arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet in the surface water of the annular pool breeding pool, the breeding area of ​​the rectangular breeding pool, and the breeding pond. The surface water circulation pump is used to realize the exchange of the surface breeding water of the annular pool breeding pool, the breeding area of ​​the rectangular breeding pool, and the breeding pond.

9. A saline-alkali water aquaculture simulation experimental system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The breeding test pond comprises two rectangular breeding ponds, wherein the first water treatment zone of the first rectangular breeding pond is paved with ceramsite filler at the bottom, and the second water treatment zone of the second rectangular breeding pond is paved with ceramsite filler at the bottom and / or salt-alkali tolerant plants are cultured.

10. An experimental method based on the alkaline water aquaculture simulation experimental system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The experimental method is as follows: Laying the first test saline-alkali soil and the second test saline-alkali soil in the horizontal saline-alkali soil laying device and the vertical saline-alkali soil laying device respectively; Watering and washing salt from the horizontal saline-alkali soil paving device and / or the vertical saline-alkali soil paving device; The saline water produced by salt washing is collected through the salt washing and alkali water collecting dark pipe and discharged into the water collecting cylinder; The saline-alkali water in the water collecting cylinder is transported to each of the aquaculture test ponds by the saline-alkali water delivery pump; Collect experimental data and establish experimental records. The various soil data of the first test saline-alkali soil and the second test saline-alkali soil, the water quality data of the water collecting drum, the water quality data of each aquaculture test pond, and the data of the cultivated animals and plants, and the experimental records of the alkaline water aquaculture simulation experiment are established based on the various data to provide data records for saline-alkali water aquaculture experimental analysis, application of new saline-alkali water aquaculture technologies, and construction of saline-alkali water models.

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