Fermented radix scutellariae as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed additives, in particular to fermented radix scutellariae as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the fermented scutellaria baicalensis comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing scutellaria baicalensis powder with bran powder and water to obtain a scutellaria baicalensis fermentation substrate; adding a bacterial enzyme compound into the scutellaria baicalensis fermentation substrate for fermentation, and then drying to obtain the fermented scutellaria baicalensis, the bacterium enzyme compound is prepared from aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus natto and cellulase. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the bacterium enzyme compound consisting of aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus natto and cellulase is used for fermenting the scutellaria baicalensis fermentation substrate, so that the relative content of baicalein in the obtained scutellaria baicalensis fermentation product is remarkably increased. The fermented baical skullcap root prepared by the method has the effect of improving the production performance of the milk goats in the perinatal period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of animal feed additives, and particularly to a fermented Scutellaria baicalensis and its preparation method and application. Background Art

[0002] The perinatal period is a special stage in the lactation cycle of dairy goats and is a crucial period determining the production efficiency of the lactation cycle. During this period, dairy goats face significant physiological and metabolic changes, such as a sharp increase in energy requirements, adjustment of the endocrine system, and low immune function. These changes easily lead to perinatal diseases in dairy goats, such as ketosis, milk fever, retained placenta, metritis, etc., thus affecting their production performance and health. Therefore, how to ensure the body health of perinatal dairy goats and improve their production performance is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in dairy goat breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above, the present invention provides a fermented Scutellaria baicalensis, its preparation method, and its application in improving the production performance of perinatal dairy goats.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a preparation method of a fermented Scutellaria baicalensis, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Mix Scutellaria baicalensis powder, bran powder, and water evenly to obtain a Scutellaria baicalensis fermentation matrix;

[0007] Add a fungal enzyme complex to the Scutellaria baicalensis fermentation matrix for fermentation, and then dry to obtain the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis;

[0008] The fungal enzyme complex is composed of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto, and cellulase.

[0009] Another technical solution of the present invention is a fermented Scutellaria baicalensis prepared according to the above preparation method.

[0010] Another technical solution of the present invention is the application of the above fermented Scutellaria baicalensis in the preparation of a product for improving the production performance of perinatal dairy goats.

[0011] Another technical solution of the present invention is a feed additive, the raw material of which includes the above fermented Scutellaria baicalensis.

[0012] Another technical solution of the present invention is a feed, the raw material of which includes the above fermented Scutellaria baicalensis or the above feed additive.

[0013] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0014] The present invention uses a bacterial enzyme complex composed of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto, and cellulase for the fermentation of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi fermentation substrate, significantly increasing the relative content of baicalein in the obtained Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi fermentation product. The fermented Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi prepared by the method of the present invention has the effect of improving the production performance of perinatal dairy goats. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] The various exemplary implementation manners of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0016] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not used to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0018] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific implementation manners of the present invention specification, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other implementation manners obtained from the present invention specification are obvious to those skilled in the art. The present invention specification and examples are only exemplary.

[0019] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in this article, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0020] The "%" mentioned in the present invention represents mass percentage unless otherwise specified.

[0021] The present invention aims to provide a method for converting baicalin into baicalein through microbial fermentation technology, so as to reduce the application cost of baical products and improve their bioavailability at the same time. Through this method, the problems of high cost and difficulty in widespread promotion of current baical extracts can be solved, and an economical and efficient health feed additive can be provided for dairy goats and other dairy animals, thereby effectively ensuring the health of perinatal dairy goats, improving their production performance, and promoting the sustainable development of the dairy goat breeding industry.

[0022] In the first aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of fermented baical is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Mix baical powder, wheat bran powder and water evenly to obtain a baical fermentation substrate;

[0024] Add a complex of bacteria and enzymes to the baical fermentation substrate for fermentation, and then dry to obtain the fermented baical;

[0025] The complex of bacteria and enzymes is composed of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto and cellulase.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the baical powder is obtained by pulverizing baical; the average particle size of the baical powder is not more than 1 mm; the wheat bran powder is wheat bran powder.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the baical powder, the wheat bran powder, water and the complex of bacteria and enzymes is 60∶180∶100∶2.

[0028] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the baical powder, the wheat bran powder, water and the complex of bacteria and enzymes is defined as 60∶180∶100∶2, which is the best ratio obtained through a large number of experiments. This ratio can ensure the microbial activity during the baical fermentation process and the effective conversion of baicalein. If the dosage of a certain component is adjusted beyond the above ratio, the following adverse effects will occur:

[0029] If the dosage of baical powder is too high, it will cause the fermentation substrate to be too viscous, affecting the uniform distribution of microorganisms and the fermentation efficiency; if the dosage of baical powder is too low, it cannot meet the demand for the conversion of baicalein during the fermentation process, affecting the quality of the final product. If the dosage of wheat bran powder is too high, it will increase the viscosity of the fermentation substrate and introduce too many impurities, affecting the purity of the fermentation product; if the dosage of wheat bran powder is too low, it cannot provide enough nutrition to support the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. If the dosage of water is too high, it will dilute the nutrients in the fermentation substrate and reduce the microbial activity; if the dosage of water is too low, it will cause the fermentation substrate to be too dry, which is not conducive to the growth and fermentation of microorganisms. If the dosage of the complex of bacteria and enzymes is too high, it will increase the fermentation cost and cause over-fermentation, destroying the active ingredients in baical; if the dosage of the complex of bacteria and enzymes is too low, it cannot meet the demand of microorganisms for enzymes during the fermentation process, affecting the fermentation efficiency and the conversion of baicalein.

[0030] Therefore, the present invention strictly limits the mass ratio of Scutellaria baicalensis powder, bran powder, water and the enzyme-microorganism complex to 60:180:100:2 to ensure the preparation efficiency and product quality of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto and cellulase is 1:1:1:1.

[0032] In the present invention, the reason for limiting the mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto and cellulase to 1:1:1:1 is that this ratio has been carefully designed and optimized to achieve the best fermentation effect. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus natto each have unique fermentation characteristics and can decompose different components in Scutellaria baicalensis, promoting the transformation and release of baicalein. Cellulase can degrade the cellulose in Scutellaria baicalensis, making it more easily utilized by microorganisms. If Aspergillus niger is omitted, the decomposition of certain specific components in Scutellaria baicalensis will be incomplete, affecting the quality of the fermentation product and the content of baicalein. Omitting Aspergillus oryzae will affect the acidity regulation and flavor formation during the fermentation process, resulting in an unpleasant taste of the fermentation product. The absence of Bacillus natto will reduce the biological activity of the fermentation product, affecting its effect in subsequent applications. Omitting cellulase will cause the cellulose in Scutellaria baicalensis to not be effectively degraded, increasing the viscosity of the fermentation substrate and being unfavorable for the growth and fermentation of microorganisms.

[0033] Therefore, each enzyme and microorganism plays an indispensable role in the fermentation process, and their synergistic effect is the key to achieving efficient fermentation and efficient baicalein transformation.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation is specifically carried out by culturing at a constant temperature of 37°C for 72 h; the drying temperature is 65°C and the time is 24 h.

[0035] In the present invention, the fermentation conditions are set as constant temperature culture at 37°C for 72 hours, based on the fact that under these conditions, the growth rate of microorganisms, the activity of enzymes, and the conversion efficiency of baicalein can all reach an optimal state. The selection of temperature not only affects the metabolic rate of microorganisms but also directly relates to the decomposition and conversion of the active ingredients in Scutellaria baicalensis. If the temperature is too high, it will accelerate the senescence and death of microorganisms, reduce the enzyme activity, and even cause the destruction of some thermosensitive components in Scutellaria baicalensis, thereby affecting the quality of the fermentation product and the content of baicalein. On the contrary, if the temperature is too low, the growth of microorganisms will be slow, the enzyme activity will be reduced, the fermentation process will be prolonged, and the conversion efficiency of baicalein will also decrease accordingly. As for the drying temperature and time set at 65°C and 24 hours, it is based on the fact that under these conditions, the moisture in the fermentation product can be effectively removed while maintaining its stability, and the active ingredients such as baicalein will not be damaged. If the drying temperature is too high, it will cause the denaturation and inactivation of thermosensitive components such as baicalein, affecting the biological activity of the product. If the drying temperature is too low or the time is too short, the moisture removal will be incomplete, affecting the shelf life and quality of the product.

[0036] Therefore, strictly controlling the fermentation and drying conditions is the key to achieving efficient baicalein conversion and preparing high-quality fermented Scutellaria baicalensis.

[0037] The present invention uses the microbial fermentation technology to successfully convert a large amount of baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis into baicalein that is more easily absorbed by animals, significantly improving the bioavailability of Scutellaria baicalensis and reducing the application cost.

[0038] The second aspect of the present invention provides a fermented Scutellaria baicalensis prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0039] The third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned fermented Scutellaria baicalensis in the preparation of products for improving the production performance of perinatal dairy goats.

[0040] The feeding amount of the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis is 2.5 or 5 g of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis per dairy goat.

[0041] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a feed additive, the raw materials of which include the above-mentioned fermented Scutellaria baicalensis.

[0042] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a feed, the raw materials of which include the above-mentioned fermented Scutellaria baicalensis or the above-mentioned feed additive.

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional solutions in the art. The reagents or raw materials used, unless otherwise specified, are all purchased from commercial channels or are publicly available.

[0044] The Scutellaria baicalensis powder used in the examples of the present invention was purchased from Shaanxi Xincheng Datang Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd.; the wheat bran powder was purchased from Shaanxi Huaqin Animal Husbandry and Technology Co., Ltd.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present invention, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis natto and cellulase were purchased from Shanxi Dayu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; among them, the units of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, and Bacillus subtilis natto are: 5.0×10 7 cfu / g; the unit of cellulase is: 25000U / g.

[0046] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] 60 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis powder, 180 parts of wheat bran powder, and 100 parts of pure water were mixed evenly to prepare a Scutellaria baicalensis fermentation matrix, and then 2 parts of the enzyme complex were added, and the mixture was cultured and fermented at a constant temperature of 37°C in a closed environment for 72 hours, and finally dried at 65°C for 24 hours to obtain fermented Scutellaria baicalensis. Among them, the enzyme complex is composed of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis natto and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0049] The main active ingredients and contents of the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis prepared in this example are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1

[0051] Item Content Baicalein g / kg 43.78 Baicalin g / kg 0.58

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Two kinds of basal diets (periparturient diet, early lactation diet) were formulated according to the nutritional needs of goats and the actual production level of the farm, and their raw material compositions and nutritional levels are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2 Composition and nutritional levels of two kinds of basal diets

[0055]

[0056] In order to prove the effect and appropriate dose of the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis prepared in Example 1 of the present invention on regulating the production performance of dairy goats, Experiment 1 was carried out.

[0057] Thirty healthy first-lactation Guanzhong dairy goats in good condition with a due date one month away, weighing (39.73 ± 0.64 kg), were randomly divided into a control group (CON), a low-dose fermented Scutellaria baicalensis group (LFSB), and a high-dose fermented Scutellaria baicalensis group (HFSB), with 10 goats in each group. They were separately housed in three experimental goat houses, one for each treatment group. The experimental period ranged from 4 weeks before parturition to 9 weeks after parturition, with the first week being the pre-feeding period. The control group was fed a basal diet; the low-dose fermented Scutellaria baicalensis group was supplemented with 2.5 g of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis per dairy goat per day on the basis of the diet; the high-dose fermented Scutellaria baicalensis group was fed 5.0 g of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis per dairy goat per day on the basis of the diet. The basal diet was fed twice a day (07:30 and 17:30). The perinatal diet was fed from the start of the experiment to 21 days after parturition, and the early lactation diet was fed from 22 days after parturition to 63 days after parturition. Each time when feeding, the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis was first mixed with part of the diet and then fed. After ensuring that the experimental goats had completely eaten, the normal feeding was carried out. At the same time, ensure that the remaining feed amount per day was more than 5%, and the goats had free access to food and water throughout the day.

[0058] Before the experiment, the goat houses were disinfected and cleaned. During the experimental period, the floors and walls of the goat houses were disinfected weekly. The goat houses were kept well ventilated, with suitable environmental temperature and humidity. Routine disinfection and immunization procedures were carried out on time to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment. The index measurements were as follows:

[0059] 1. Feed nutrient composition indicators

[0060] The fresh feed and remaining feed samples collected during the experimental period were put into an oven and dried at 65 °C for 48 h, then allowed to air-dry for 24 h, and the initial moisture content was measured by weighing to constant weight. The dried samples were ground and sieved to make ground samples, and the dry matter content was measured by drying at 105 °C for 8 h. The crude protein content of the ground samples was determined by the Kjeldahl method (GB / T 6432 - 2018); neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were determined by the filter bag technique (Van Soest et al., 1991), and anhydrous sodium sulfate and heat-stable amylase were added during the pretreatment; an appropriate amount of the ground samples was completely ashed at 550 °C to measure the crude ash content, which was used to calculate the organic matter content.

[0061] 2. Production performance indicators

[0062] Accurately record the daily feed intake, milk yield, and body weight data of dairy goats on the day of lambing and on days 21 and 63 after parturition; milk samples were collected on the last day of each week after parturition to measure milk components, including milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, lactose percentage, total milk solids percentage, and somatic cell count in milk. Calculate the dry matter intake, average daily gain, energy-corrected milk yield, and lactation efficiency of dairy goats. The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0063] Dry matter intake = (daily feeding amount - remaining feed amount the next day) × dry matter content;

[0064] Average daily gain = (Final weight - Initial weight) / Number of experimental days;

[0065] Energy-corrected milk yield = 0.327 × Milk yield + 12.95 × Milk fat yield + 7.20 × Milk protein yield;

[0066] Lactation efficiency = Energy-corrected milk yield / Dry matter intake.

[0067] 3. Statistical analysis of experimental data

[0068] The experimental data were calculated and sorted using Microsoft Excel 2023 software, and then IBM SPSS29 was used for data analysis. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance in the general linear model of the software. The results were expressed as "mean and standard error". P ≤ 0.05 indicated significant differences, 0.05 < P ≤ 0.10 indicated a statistically significant trend, and P > 0.10 indicated no significant differences.

[0069] 4. Experimental results

[0070] Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the production performance of dairy goats:

[0071] The effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the production performance of dairy goats is shown in Table 3. The results showed that compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis could significantly increase the milk yield and lactation efficiency of dairy goats (P < 0.05), effectively alleviate the weight loss of dairy goats in the late postpartum period (P < 0.05), and did not affect the dry matter intake of dairy goats (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in promoting the production performance of dairy goats between the two doses of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis supplemented.

[0072] Table 3 Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the production performance of dairy goats

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0076] Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the milk composition of dairy goats:

[0077] The effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the milk composition of dairy goats is shown in Table 4. The results showed that compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis did not affect the milk protein rate, milk fat rate, lactose rate and total solids rate of dairy goats (P > 0.05), but could significantly reduce the somatic cell count in the milk of dairy goats (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the effect of the two doses of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis supplemented on the milk composition of dairy goats.

[0078] Table 4 Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the milk composition of dairy goats

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0082] Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the component milk yield of dairy goats:

[0083] The effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the component milk yield of dairy goats is shown in Table 5. The results show that, compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis can significantly increase the milk protein yield, milk fat yield, lactose yield, 4% fat-corrected milk yield and energy-corrected milk yield of dairy goats (P<0.05). There is no significant difference in the effect of supplementary feeding of two doses of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the component milk yield of dairy goats.

[0084] Table 5 Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the component milk yield of dairy goats

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0088] The above experimental results show that supplementary feeding of 2.5 g or 5.0 g of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis per sheep per day can significantly increase the milk yield, component milk yield and lactation efficiency of dairy goats, reduce the number of somatic cells in milk, and effectively alleviate the weight loss of dairy goats in the late peripartum period, and will not affect the dry matter intake of dairy goats. However, considering economic benefits, it is more appropriate to choose supplementary feeding of low-dose fermented Scutellaria baicalensis (2.5 g / day).

[0089] It can be seen from Experiment 1 that supplementary feeding of 2.5 g of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis per day can significantly improve the production performance of dairy goats in the peripartum period, but its mechanism of action is not yet clear. Therefore, Experiment 2 aims to clarify the mechanism of action of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis in regulating the production performance of dairy goats in the peripartum period. The experimental design and animal feeding are the same as in Experiment 1. The index measurements are as follows:

[0090] 1. Rumen fermentation parameter indexes

[0091] At 2 h after morning feeding on the 7th, 21st, and 63rd days postpartum respectively, a gastric tube rumen fluid sampler was used to collect rumen fluid from dairy goats. After collection, the pH of the rumen fluid was immediately measured using a portable pH meter, and then it was aliquoted into 5 mL cryotubes and transported back to the laboratory by dry ice and stored in a -80 °C refrigerator for determination of volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in the rumen fluid. A gas chromatograph (7820A gas chromatography system, Agilent) was used to determine the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, and isovaleric acid in the rumen fluid. The ammonia nitrogen content in the rumen fluid was determined by colorimetry.

[0092] 2. Blood physiological indices

[0093] Before morning feeding on the 7th day before parturition, the day of lambing, and the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 63rd days postpartum respectively, jugular vein blood samples were collected from dairy goats using anticoagulant vacuum blood collection tubes containing sodium heparin. 5 mL of blood was collected, centrifuged at 4000 rmp for 10 min at 4 °C, and the supernatant was aliquoted into 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes, 500 μL per tube to make plasma samples, and then transported back to the laboratory by dry ice and stored in a -80 °C refrigerator for detection of blood physiological indices. A fully automatic blood biochemical analyzer 7020 system was used to determine total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), blood glucose (GLU), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GT), albumin (ALB), and total bilirubin (TBIL) in the plasma samples. Kits were used to determine non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the plasma (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Jiangsu, China).

[0094] 3. Fecal volatile acid indices

[0095] A gas chromatograph (7820A gas chromatography system, Agilent) was used to determine the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, and isovaleric acid in the feces.

[0096] 4. Statistical analysis of experimental data

[0097] The experimental data were calculated and sorted using Microsoft Excel 2023 software, and then IBM SPSS29 was used for data analysis. The independent sample T-test in the general linear model in the software was used for analysis of the two groups of data, and the results were expressed as "mean and standard error". P≤0.05 indicates significant difference, 0.05<P≤0.10 indicates a statistically significant trend, and P>0.10 indicates no significant difference.

[0098] 5. Test Results

[0099] Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on rumen fermentation parameters of dairy goats:

[0100] The effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on rumen fermentation parameters of dairy goats is shown in Table 6. The results show that, compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis can significantly increase the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid of dairy goats on the 7th day after parturition (P<0.05), the contents of acetic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid of dairy goats on the 21st day after parturition (P<0.05), and the contents of propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, NH 3 -N and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid of dairy goats on the 63rd day after parturition (P<0.05); it can significantly decrease the pH of the rumen fluid of dairy goats on the 7th, 21st and 63rd days after parturition, and the acetic acid to propionic acid ratio in the rumen fluid of dairy goats on the 63rd day after parturition (P<0.05).

[0101] Table 6 Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on rumen fermentation parameters of dairy goats

[0102]

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0106] Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on fecal fermentation parameters of dairy goats:

[0107] The effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on fecal fermentation parameters of dairy goats is shown in Table 7. The results show that, compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis can significantly increase the content of butyric acid in the feces of dairy goats on the 21st and 63rd days after parturition (P<0.05).

[0108] Table 7 Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on fecal fermentation parameters of dairy goats

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0112] Effect of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on glycolipid metabolism function of dairy goats:

[0113] The effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the glycolipid metabolism function of dairy goats are shown in Table 8. The results show that, compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis can significantly reduce the content of TG in the plasma of dairy goats on the 7th day before parturition, the day of lambing, and the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after parturition (P<0.05), and significantly increase the content of GLU in the plasma of dairy goats on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 63rd days after parturition (P<0.05).

[0114] Table 8 Effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the glycolipid metabolism function of dairy goats

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0118] Effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the liver health of dairy goats:

[0119] The effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the liver health of dairy goats are shown in Table 9. The results show that, compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis can significantly reduce the contents of ALT and AST in the plasma of dairy goats on the 7th day before parturition, the day of lambing, and the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 63rd days after parturition (P<0.05).

[0120] Table 9 Effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the liver health of dairy goats

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Note: n refers to the number of experimental repetitions

[0124] Effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the antioxidant function of dairy goats:

[0125] The effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the antioxidant function of dairy goats are shown in Table 10. The results show that, compared with the control group, supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis can significantly increase the content of T-AOC in the plasma of dairy goats on the 7th day before parturition and the day of lambing (P<0.05), and the content of GSH-Px in the plasma of dairy goats on the 7th day before parturition, the day of lambing, and the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after parturition (P<0.05); significantly reduce the content of MDA in the plasma of dairy goats on the 7th day before parturition, the day of lambing, and the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 63rd days after parturition (P<0.05).

[0126] Table 10 Effects of supplementary feeding of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis on the antioxidant function of dairy goats

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Note: n refers to the number of test repetitions

[0130] In summary, supplementing 2.5 g of fermented Scutellaria baicalensis to perinatal dairy goats every day can improve rumen and fecal fermentation levels and improve the body's energy supply; at the same time, it can improve the glycolipid metabolism function, liver health level and antioxidant function of dairy goats, thereby improving their production performance.

[0131] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing fermented Scutellaria baicalensis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The scutellaria powder, bran powder and water are mixed evenly to obtain a scutellaria fermentation matrix; adding a bacterial enzyme complex to the scutellaria baicalenzyme fermentation matrix for fermentation, and then drying to obtain the fermented scutellaria baicalensis; The bacterial enzyme complex consists of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto and cellulase.

2. The method for preparing fermented Scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scutellaria powder is obtained by crushing scutellaria; the average particle size of the scutellaria powder is no more than 1 mm; the bran powder is wheat bran powder.

3. The method for preparing fermented Scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the scutellaria powder to the bran powder, water and bacterial enzyme complex is 60:180:100:

2.

4. The method for preparing fermented Scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus natto and cellulase is 1:1:1:

1.

5. The method for preparing fermented Scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation is specifically carried out at a constant temperature of 37° C. for 72 hours; the drying temperature is 65° C. for 24 hours.

6. The fermented Scutellaria baicalensis obtained according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Use of the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis as claimed in claim 6 in preparing a product for improving the production performance of periparturient dairy goats.

8. A feed additive, characterized in that: The raw material includes the fermented Scutellaria baicalensis as claimed in claim 6.

9. A feed, characterized in that: The raw material comprises the fermented scutellaria baicalensis as claimed in claim 6 or the feed additive as claimed in claim 8.

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