A double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and a forming device, wherein the process comprises the following steps: step 1, placing raw materials in a center extrusion cylinder for compaction; step 2, performing double-sided friction extrusion forming on the compacted blank through the rotation and feeding movement of a first rotating extrusion rod and a second rotating extrusion rod; and step 3, taking out the obtained circular plate or regenerated circular plate from the center extrusion cylinder. The device mainly comprises the first rotating extrusion rod, the second rotating extrusion rod, the center extrusion cylinder and corresponding driving devices and the like. The double-sided friction extrusion machine can realize double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming and double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming, has strong universality, wide application range and high forming efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of metal recycling, alloy preparation, metal composite material preparation, and high-end equipment and advanced manufacturing of high-performance plates, and particularly relates to a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Metal waste resource recycling can reduce the huge energy consumption brought by raw material refining production, and is of great significance to environmental protection, carbon dioxide emission, and product production cost. At present, metal waste recycling and recycling is still mainly based on smelting and recasting, which has problems such as long recycling cycle, high energy consumption, element burning loss, and degradation of the quality of recycled products, which seriously restricts the efficiency and economic benefit of waste resource recycling. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new process and supporting special equipment for metal waste recycling and recycling with short process, low energy consumption, high efficiency, low cost, and high quality.

[0003] Patent CN202410916354.4 discloses a spiral friction extrusion machine and an extrusion forming method. The forming method comprises the following steps: step 1, placing the raw material into the extrusion cylinder; for a cylindrical blank, directly placing it into the extrusion cylinder from the entrance of the extrusion cylinder; step 2, rotating the extrusion rod; step 3, synchronously approaching the extrusion rod and the extrusion cylinder to realize spiral friction extrusion forming; during the entire extrusion process, the extrusion speed is controlled by adopting the strategy of slow first, fast later, and then dynamic adjustment; step 4, the material generates spiral motion in the gap between the convex and concave dies, and becomes an extrusion after flowing out of the die.

[0004] The above method extrudes the metal from the die to obtain various types of materials with solid or hollow cross-sections and unlimited length in the length direction, such as rods, wires, pipes, and special-shaped materials, but cannot obtain plates. Plates are important raw materials for forming various thin-walled parts, and can be used for forming various sheet metal parts, which have wide application in the industrial field. In order to obtain high-quality recycled plates, especially plates with a thickness of more than 1mm, it is difficult to achieve the friction extrusion method between the extrusion rod and the blank by the currently reported extrusion method, and significant problems such as local area not solidified, porosity, cracks, and poor mechanical properties are prone to occur. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems of long recycling cycle, high energy consumption, element burning loss, degradation of the quality of recycled products, and the lack of high-quality recycled plate process method in the existing metal waste recycling and recycling, the purpose of the present application is to provide a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment, to realize short process, low energy consumption, high efficiency, low cost, and high-quality solid-phase double-sided friction extrusion forming manufacturing and recycling.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment, as follows:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process, as follows:

[0008] Step 1. The raw material is placed in the center extrusion cylinder for compaction;

[0009] Step 2. The compacted blank is subjected to double-sided friction extrusion forming through the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod;

[0010] Step 3. The circular plate obtained after forming is taken out from the center extrusion cylinder.

[0011] As a further technical solution, in step 2, the first rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed, and when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod stops; then, the second rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed, and when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotating extrusion rod stops.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the first rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, and at the same time, the second rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, and when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod stops.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the rotation directions of the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod are the same or different.

[0014] As a further technical solution, in step 1, for raw materials such as metal waste, metal powder and metal multi-element mixture, the raw material is first weighed, then the raw material is put into the center extrusion cylinder through the hopper, the raw material is compacted under the pressure of the first rotating extrusion rod by moving the first sliding block, and the density of the compacted blank is calculated according to the mass of the raw material and the volume of the compacted blank; for cylindrical blanks, they can be directly put into the center extrusion cylinder from one end of the center extrusion cylinder.

[0015] In the second aspect, the present application further provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process, as follows:

[0016] Step 1. The raw material is placed in the extrusion cylinder for compaction;

[0017] Step 2. The compacted raw material is subjected to single-sided friction extrusion forming through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotating extrusion rod;

[0018] Step 3. The top rod ejects the single-sided friction extrusion formed circular plate;

[0019] Step 4. The circular plate is flipped and placed in the extrusion cylinder;

[0020] Step 5. The circular plate is subjected to friction extrusion forming on the other side through the rotation and feeding motion of the third rotating extrusion rod;

[0021] Step 6. The top rod ejects the friction extrusion formed circular plate;

[0022] Step 7. Steps 4-6 are repeated to obtain high-performance circular plates through step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a double-sided friction extrusion machine, comprising a main machine and a work die; characterized in that the main machine comprises a first fixed beam, a first sliding block, a movable beam, a second sliding block, a second fixed beam, a first main cylinder, a second main cylinder, a third main cylinder, a fourth main cylinder, a first movable cylinder, a second movable cylinder, a first motor, a second motor, a guide column, a first speed reducer, a second speed reducer, a first rotary table, and a second rotary table; wherein the first fixed beam and the second fixed beam are respectively located at the two ends of the extrusion machine and are fixed in position; the first main cylinder, the second main cylinder, the first movable cylinder, and the second movable cylinder are fixed on the first fixed beam, the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder are centrally symmetrically distributed on the first fixed beam and connected with the first sliding block to drive the first sliding block to move linearly back and forth, and the first movable cylinder and the second movable cylinder are respectively located on the outer sides of the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder and connected with the movable beam to drive the movable beam to move linearly back and forth; the third main cylinder and the fourth main cylinder are fixed on the second fixed beam, the third main cylinder and the fourth main cylinder are centrally symmetrically distributed on the second fixed beam and connected with the second sliding block to drive the second sliding block to move linearly back and forth; the first rotary table is fixed on the first sliding block and driven by the first driving device to rotate; the second rotary table is fixed on the second sliding block and driven by the second driving device to rotate;

[0024] The work die comprises a first rotating extrusion rod, a second rotating extrusion rod, and a central extrusion cylinder; wherein the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the first rotary table, and a temperature measuring hole is provided on the first rotating extrusion rod for measuring the working zone temperature; the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the second rotary table, and a temperature measuring hole is provided on the second rotating extrusion rod for measuring the working zone temperature; the center lines of the first rotating extrusion rod, the second rotating extrusion rod, and the central extrusion cylinder are located on the central axis of the extrusion machine, facilitating accurate centering of the work die.

[0025] As a further technical solution, the temperature measuring system further comprises a first wireless transmitter, a second wireless transmitter, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; the first wireless transmitter is fixed on the first rotary table and rotates with the first rotary table when the first rotary table rotates; one end of the first temperature sensor is connected with the first wireless transmitter and the other end is arranged in the temperature measuring hole of the first rotary extrusion rod to measure the temperature change near the working zone of the first rotary extrusion rod in real time; the second wireless transmitter is fixed on the second rotary table and rotates with the second rotary table when the second rotary table rotates; one end of the second temperature sensor is connected with the second wireless transmitter and the other end is arranged in the temperature measuring hole of the second rotary extrusion rod to measure the temperature change near the working zone of the second rotary extrusion rod in real time.

[0026] As a further technical solution, the center extrusion cylinder is further provided with a hopper.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the application further provides a circular plate obtained by the double-sided friction extrusion forming process or by the double-sided friction extrusion machine.

[0028] The application has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. The double-sided friction extrusion machine can realize double-sided step-by-step friction extrusion forming in the same direction, double-sided step-by-step friction extrusion forming in opposite directions, double-sided synchronous friction extrusion forming in the same direction and double-sided synchronous friction extrusion forming in opposite directions, has strong versatility, wide application range and high forming efficiency.

[0030] 2. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process can improve the performance of recycled plates with a thickness of more than 1mm on both sides through double-sided friction, effectively solving the problems of unsolidified local area, porosity, cracks and poor mechanical properties in the existing friction extrusion method.

[0031] 3. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process realizes self-heating and plastic-viscous solidification of the material through the double-sided friction heat effect, avoids preheating treatment and melting and recasting of raw materials, can form high-performance plates, realizes level-preserving or even upgrading recycling and utilization of waste materials, effectively reduces energy consumption and shortens the process flow.

[0032] 4. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process has wide applicability and can be used for metal scrap recycling and utilization, alloy preparation, metal composite material preparation and high-performance plate preparation.

[0033] 5. The step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cycle friction extrusion forming process can not only achieve the performance of the double-sided friction extrusion machine in forming and manufacturing plates, but also reduce the dependence on and requirements for special forming equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 Top view of structure of double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine;

[0035] Figure 2 Partial sectional view of double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine;

[0036] Figure 3 Top view of structure of double-sided friction vertical extrusion machine;

[0037] Figure 4 Process flow diagram of double-sided friction extrusion forming process of metal scraps or powder raw materials by double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine;

[0038] Figure 5 Process flow diagram of double-sided friction extrusion forming process of cylindrical blank by double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine;

[0039] Figure 6 Process flow diagram of double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming process in multiple steps and multiple passes;

[0040] Figure 7 Microstructure diagram of cross section of regenerated circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming of 2195 aluminum lithium alloy machining scraps by double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine;

[0041] In the figure, 1 is a first fixed beam, 2 is a first sliding block, 3 is a movable beam, 4 is a second sliding block, 5 is a second fixed beam, 6 is a first main cylinder, 7 is a second main cylinder, 8 is a third main cylinder, 9 is a fourth main cylinder, 10 is a first movable cylinder, 11 is a second movable cylinder, 12 is a first motor, 13 is a second motor, and 14 is a guide column;

[0042] 15 is a first rotating extrusion rod, 16 is a second rotating extrusion rod, 17 is a first speed reducer, 18 is a second speed reducer, 19 is a first rotary table, 20 is a second rotary table, 21 is a first wireless transmitter, 22 is a second wireless transmitter, 23 is a first temperature measuring sensor, 24 is a second temperature measuring sensor, 25 is a hopper, 26 is a central extrusion cylinder, and 27 is a circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming;

[0043] 28 is metal scraps or powder raw materials, 29 is a compacted blank, 30 is a regenerated circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming, and 31 is a cylindrical blank;

[0044] 32 is a third rotating extrusion rod, 33 is an extrusion cylinder, 34 is a ejector rod, 35 is raw materials, and 36 is a circular plate obtained by double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming in multiple steps and multiple passes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] As introduced in the background, the prior art has defects, to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] The embodiment discloses a double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The extrusion machine mainly comprises a main machine, a work die and a temperature measurement system.

[0048] The main machine mainly comprises a first fixed beam 1, a first sliding block 2, a movable beam 3, a second sliding block 4, a second fixed beam 5, a first main cylinder 6, a second main cylinder 7, a third main cylinder 8, a fourth main cylinder 9, a first movable cylinder 10, a second movable cylinder 11, a first motor 12, a second motor 13, a guide column 14, a first speed reducer 17, a second speed reducer 18, a first rotary table 19 and a second rotary table 20.

[0049] The first fixed beam 1 and the second fixed beam 5 are respectively located at two ends of the extrusion machine and are fixed in position; the first sliding block 2 and the second sliding block 4 are located between the first fixed beam 1 and the second fixed beam 5 and can move linearly back and forth when the extrusion machine is running; the movable beam 3 is located between the first sliding block 2 and the second sliding block 4 and can move linearly back and forth when the extrusion machine is running; the guide column 14 passes through the first fixed beam 1, the first sliding block 2, the movable beam 3, the second sliding block 4 and the second fixed beam 5 and connects them in series to bear pressure and guide; specifically, the two ends of the guide column 14 are fixed on the first fixed beam 1 and the second fixed beam 5 respectively; the first sliding block 2, the movable beam 3 and the second sliding block 4 are installed on the guide column 14 and can slide back and forth relative to the guide column 14; further, in the embodiment, the guide column 14 comprises six guide columns, and every two guide columns 14 are arranged in parallel to guide the first sliding block 2, the movable beam 3 and the second sliding block 4 together.

[0050] The first main cylinder 6, the second main cylinder 7, the first movable cylinder 10 and the second movable cylinder 11 are fixed on the first fixed beam 1; the first main cylinder 6 and the second main cylinder 7 are centrally symmetrically distributed on the first fixed beam 1 and are connected with the first sliding block 2 to drive the first sliding block 2 to move linearly back and forth; the first movable cylinder 10 and the second movable cylinder 11 are respectively located on the outer sides of the first main cylinder 6 and the second main cylinder 7 and are connected with the movable beam 3 to drive the movable beam 3 to move linearly back and forth.

[0051] The third main cylinder 8 and the fourth main cylinder 9 are fixed on the second fixed beam 5; the third main cylinder 8 and the fourth main cylinder 9 are centrally symmetrically distributed on the second fixed beam 5 and are connected with the second sliding block 4 to drive the second sliding block 4 to move linearly back and forth.

[0052] The first motor 12, the first speed reducer 17 and the first rotary table 19 are fixed on the first sliding block 2, and the first motor 12 drives the first rotary table 19 to rotate through the first speed reducer 17.

[0053] The second motor 13, the second speed reducer 18 and the second rotary table 20 are fixed on the second sliding block 4, and the second motor 13 drives the second rotary table 20 to rotate through the second speed reducer 18.

[0054] Further, the work die in the embodiment mainly comprises a first rotary extrusion rod 15, a second rotary extrusion rod 16 and a center extrusion cylinder 26.

[0055] The first rotary extrusion rod 15 is fixed on the first rotary table 19, and a temperature measuring hole is arranged on the first rotary extrusion rod 15 for measuring the temperature of the working zone.

[0056] The second rotary extrusion rod 16 is fixed on the second rotary table 20, and a temperature measuring hole is arranged on the second rotary extrusion rod 16 for measuring the temperature of the working zone.

[0057] The center lines of the first rotary extrusion rod 15, the second rotary extrusion rod 16 and the center extrusion cylinder 26 are located on the center axis of the extruder, so that the work die can be accurately centered.

[0058] Further, the temperature measuring system in the embodiment mainly comprises a first wireless transmitter 21, a second wireless transmitter 22, a first temperature measuring sensor 23 and a second temperature measuring sensor 24.

[0059] The first wireless transmitter 21 is fixed on the first rotary table 19, and rotates with the first rotary table 19 when the first rotary table 19 rotates. One end of the first temperature measuring sensor 23 is connected with the first wireless transmitter 21, and the other end is arranged in the temperature measuring hole of the first rotary extrusion rod 15, for measuring the temperature change near the working zone of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 in real time.

[0060] The second wireless transmitter 22 is fixed on the second rotary table 20, and rotates with the second rotary table 20 when the second rotary table 20 rotates. One end of the second temperature measuring sensor 24 is connected with the second wireless transmitter 22, and the other end is arranged in the temperature measuring hole of the second rotary extrusion rod 16, for measuring the temperature change near the working zone of the second rotary extrusion rod 16 in real time.

[0061] In addition, the center extrusion cylinder 26 is also provided with a hopper 25, so as to add raw materials such as metal scraps, metal powder and metal multi-element mixture into the center extrusion cylinder 26.

[0062] The double-sided friction extrusion machine disclosed in this embodiment can realize a variety of forming process methods such as double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming and double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming. It has strong versatility, a wide range of applications, and high forming efficiency. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method realizes self-heating and visco-plastic solidification regeneration of materials through the double-sided friction heat effect, avoids pre-heating treatment and smelting and recasting of raw materials, and can form high-performance plates, realize grade preservation or even upgrading and recycling of waste materials, and effectively reduce energy consumption and shorten the process flow. Through the double-sided friction effect, the performance of recycled plates with a thickness of more than 1 mm can be simultaneously improved, effectively solving the significant problems of local unsolidified areas, pores, cracks and poor mechanical properties in existing friction extrusion methods.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment also discloses a double-sided friction vertical extruder, such as Figure 3 As shown, the double-sided friction vertical extruder is mainly composed of a main machine, a mold, and a temperature measurement system. The structure of the double-sided friction vertical extruder disclosed in this embodiment is similar to the structure of the double-sided friction horizontal extruder in Example 1. The main difference is that the first fixed beam 1, the first slider 2, the movable beam 3, the second slider 4, the second fixed beam 5, the first master cylinder 6, the second master cylinder 7, the third master cylinder 8, the fourth master cylinder 9, the first movable cylinder 10, the second movable cylinder 11, the first motor 12, the second motor 13, the guide column 14, the central extrusion cylinder 26, etc. on the main machine are arranged vertically, which is equivalent to rotating the entire device in Example 1 by 90° to form a vertical extruder. The connection relationship of each component is exactly the same as that in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Based on the double-sided friction horizontal extruder or double-sided friction vertical extruder disclosed in Example 1 or Example 2, this embodiment discloses a process method for double-sided friction extrusion molding using the double-sided friction horizontal (vertical) extruder as described above, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, specifically including:

[0067] Step 1. Place the raw material in the central extrusion cylinder 26 and compact it;

[0068] For raw materials 28 such as metal scrap, metal powder, and metal multi-element mixtures, the raw materials 28 are first weighed and then fed into the central extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25. The raw materials 28 are compacted under the pressure of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 by moving the first slider 2. The density of the compacted blank 29 is calculated based on the mass of the raw materials 28 and the volume of the compacted blank 29, and the density of the compacted blank is controlled to be above 70% of the density of the raw materials themselves.

[0069] For the cylindrical blank 31 can be directly put into the center extrusion cylinder 26 from one end of the center extrusion cylinder 26;

[0070] Step 2. Double-sided friction extrusion forming of the compacted blank is carried out by rotating and feeding movements of the rotating extrusion rods;

[0071] Double-sided friction extrusion forming includes four methods:

[0072] The first method: the first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 is fixed, when the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotating and feeding movements of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 stop; then, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is fixed, when the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotating and feeding movements of the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method realizes double-sided stepwise friction extrusion forming of the blank in the same direction.

[0073] The second method: the first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 is fixed, when the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotating and feeding movements of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 stop; then, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds towards the blank, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is fixed, when the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotating and feeding movements of the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method realizes double-sided stepwise friction extrusion forming of the blank in the opposite direction.

[0074] The third method: the first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank at the same time, when the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 measure that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotating and feeding movements of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method realizes double-sided synchronous friction extrusion forming of the blank in the same direction.

[0075] The fourth method: the first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds towards the blank at the same time, when the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 measure that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotating and feeding movements of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method realizes double-sided synchronous friction extrusion forming of the blank in the opposite direction.

[0076] Step 3. Take out the circular plate 27 or regenerated circular plate 30 obtained after forming from the center extrusion cylinder 26.

[0077] The double-sided friction extrusion forming process disclosed in the embodiment realizes self-heating and viscoplastic solidification and regeneration of materials through double-sided friction heat effect, avoids preheating treatment and melting and recasting of raw materials, can form high-performance plates, realizes level-preserving or even upgrading recycling and utilization of waste materials, effectively reduces energy consumption, and shortens the process flow; through double-sided friction, the double-sided performance of the regenerated plate with a thickness of 1 mm or more can be simultaneously improved, and the problems such as un-solidified local area, porosity, cracks, and poor mechanical properties of the existing friction extrusion method can be effectively solved.

[0078] The above process will be described as follows:

[0079] The first double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming method disclosed in the embodiment is suitable for forming raw materials such as metal scraps, metal powders, and metal multi-element mixtures, as shown in Figure 4 The method mainly includes the following steps:

[0080] S1. Adjust the distance between the first rotating extrusion rod 15, the second rotating extrusion rod 16, and the center extrusion cylinder 26 to be in a suitable position.

[0081] S2. Move the first rotating extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the center extrusion cylinder 26, and move the second rotating extrusion rod 16 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 form enough space in the center extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate the metal scraps and other raw materials 28.

[0082] S3. Add the weighed metal scraps and other raw materials 28 into the center extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25.

[0083] S4. The first rotating extrusion rod 15 feeds towards the metal scraps and other raw materials 28, so as to compact the metal scraps and other raw materials 28. In this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the center extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the compacted blank 29, and the density is controlled to be more than 70% of the density of the raw materials 28.

[0084] S5, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds to the direction of the compacted blank 29, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 is fixed, when the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 stops; then, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds to the direction of the compacted blank 29, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is fixed, when the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stops, and the regenerated circular plate 30 formed by double-face same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion is obtained.

[0085] The second double-face reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming method disclosed in the embodiment is suitable for forming metal scraps, metal powders and metal multi-element mixtures, and mainly comprises the following steps as shown in the figure: Figure 4

[0086] S1, adjust the distance between the first rotating extrusion rod 15, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 and the center extrusion cylinder 26 to be in a proper position;

[0087] S2, move the first rotating extrusion rod 15 so that it is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the center extrusion cylinder 26, and move the second rotating extrusion rod 16 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 form enough space in the center extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate the metal scraps and other raw materials 28;

[0088] S3, add the weighed metal scraps and other raw materials 28 into the center extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25;

[0089] S4, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 feeds to the direction of the metal scraps and other raw materials 28, so as to compact the metal scraps and other raw materials 28. During this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the center extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the compacted blank 29, and the density is controlled to be more than 70% of the density of the raw material itself.

[0090] S5, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds to the direction of the compacted blank 29, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 is fixed, when the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 stops; then, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds to the direction of the compacted blank 29, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is fixed, when the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stops, and the regenerated circular plate 30 formed by double-face same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion is obtained.

[0091] ​The third kind of double-face same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming method for forming raw materials such as metal chips, metal powder and metal multi-element mixture is disclosed in the embodiment, as shown in the figure, mainly including the following steps: Figure 4 as shown in the figure, mainly including the following steps:

[0092] S1, adjusting the distance between the first rotating extrusion rod 15, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 and the center extrusion cylinder 26 to be in a proper position;

[0093] S2, moving the first rotating extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the center extrusion cylinder 26, and moving the second rotating extrusion rod 16 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 form enough space in the center extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate the raw materials 28 such as metal chips;

[0094] S3, adding the weighed raw materials 28 such as metal chips into the center extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25;

[0095] S4, feeding the first rotating extrusion rod 15 towards the direction close to the raw materials 28 such as metal chips, so as to compact the raw materials 28. In this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the center extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the compacted blank 29. The density is controlled to be more than 70% of the density of the raw materials themselves.

[0096] S5, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 starts to rotate clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds the compacted blank 29 close to it, at the same time, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 starts to rotate clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds the compacted blank 29 close to it, when the forming temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding motion of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop, and the regenerated circular plate 30 formed by double-face same-direction synchronous friction extrusion is obtained.

[0097] The fourth kind of double-face reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming method for forming raw materials such as metal chips, metal powder and metal multi-element mixture is disclosed in the embodiment, as shown in the figure, mainly including the following steps: Figure 4 as shown in the figure, mainly including the following steps:

[0098] S1, adjusting the distance between the first rotating extrusion rod 15, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 and the center extrusion cylinder 26 to be in a proper position;

[0099] S2, moving the first rotating extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the center extrusion cylinder 26, and moving the second rotating extrusion rod 16 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 form enough space in the center extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate the raw materials 28 such as metal chips;

[0100] S3, the weighed metal scraps and other raw materials 28 are added into the center extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25;

[0101] S4, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 feeds towards the metal scraps and other raw materials 28, so as to compact the metal scraps and other raw materials 28. During this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the center extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the compacted blank 29. The density is controlled to be more than 70% of the density of the raw materials themselves.

[0102] S5, the first rotating extrusion rod 15 starts to rotate clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the compacted blank 29, while the second rotating extrusion rod 16 starts to rotate counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds towards the compacted blank 29. When the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24, the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop, and the regenerated circular plate 30 formed by double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion is obtained.

[0103] Specifically, Figure 7 The microstructure of the cross section of the regenerated circular plate obtained by using the double-sided friction horizontal extruder to perform double-sided friction extrusion forming on the machining scraps of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy is shown in the figure. The experimental results show that when the machining scraps of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy are formed into a circular plate by double-sided friction extrusion, the initial dispersed scraps realize good interface bonding under the action of pressure and temperature, and there are no defects such as pores, cracks and un-solidified.

[0104] Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the regenerated circular plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm obtained by using the double-sided friction horizontal extruder to perform double-sided friction extrusion forming on the machining scraps of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy. The experimental results show that the regenerated circular plate using 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy scraps has good mechanical properties. Along the circumferential direction of the circular plate, the yield strength, tensile strength and fracture elongation can reach 265 MPa, 382 MPa and 16.7%, respectively; along the radial direction of the circular plate, the yield strength, tensile strength and fracture elongation can reach 298 MPa, 422 MPa and 12.4%, respectively.

[0105] Table 1

[0106]

[0107] The experimental results show that the regenerated circular plate of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming has good microstructure and mechanical properties, and can achieve the mechanical properties of similar alloy extruded materials, realizing the recycling and cyclic utilization of aluminum-lithium alloy scraps.

[0108] It needs to be further explained that the double-sided friction extrusion forming process disclosed in the embodiment is not limited to the extrusion machines disclosed in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and other extrusion machines can also be used.

[0109] Embodiment 4

[0110] Another step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cycle friction extrusion forming process is disclosed in the embodiment, as shown in the figure, which specifically includes: Figure 6

[0111] Step 1. Put the raw material into the extrusion cylinder 33 for compaction;

[0112] Step 2. Single-sided (A side) friction extrusion forming is performed on the compacted raw material 35 through the rotation and feeding motion of the third rotating extrusion rod 32;

[0113] Step 3. The round plate 36 after A-side friction extrusion forming is ejected by the ejector rod 34;

[0114] Step 4. The A side and B side of the round plate 36 are turned over and placed into the extrusion cylinder 33;

[0115] Step 5. Single-sided (B side) friction extrusion forming is performed on the round plate 36 through the rotation and feeding motion of the third rotating extrusion rod 32;

[0116] Step 6. The round plate 36 after B-side friction extrusion forming is ejected by the ejector rod 34;

[0117] Step 7. The A side and B side of the round plate 36 are turned over and placed into the extrusion cylinder 33;

[0118] Step 8. Single-sided (A side) friction extrusion forming is performed on the round plate 36 through the rotation and feeding motion of the third rotating extrusion rod 32;

[0119] Step 9. The round plate 36 after A-side friction extrusion forming is ejected by the ejector rod 34;

[0120] Step 10. The A side and B side of the round plate 36 are turned over and placed into the extrusion cylinder 33;

[0121] Step 11. Single-sided (B side) friction extrusion forming is performed on the round plate 36 through the rotation and feeding motion of the third rotating extrusion rod 32;

[0122] Step 12. The round plate 36 after B-side friction extrusion forming is ejected by the ejector rod 34;

[0123] This is repeated multiple times, and through step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cycle friction extrusion forming, a high-performance round plate 36 is finally obtained.

[0124] ​The process method of the step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming proposed in the embodiment can be obtained by simply improving the double-sided friction vertical extruder proposed in Embodiment 2. Specifically, the driving part corresponding to one of the rotating extrusion rods in Embodiment 2 is replaced by the top rod 34 which moves linearly in the embodiment, and the rest of the design is the same as Embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0125] The double-sided friction extrusion forming process proposed in the embodiment realizes self-heating and viscous-plastic solidification and regeneration of the material through double-sided friction heat effect, avoids pre-heating treatment and melting and recasting of the raw material, can form high-performance plates, realizes level-preserving or even upgrading recycling and utilization of waste materials, effectively reduces energy consumption, and shortens the process flow; through double-sided friction, the double-sided performance of the regenerated plate with a thickness of 1 mm or more can be simultaneously improved, effectively solving the significant problems of existing friction extrusion methods, such as un-solidified local area, porosity, cracks and poor mechanical properties.

Claims

1. A double-sided friction extrusion forming process, characterized in that: Step 1. The raw material is placed in the center extrusion cylinder for compaction; Step 2. The compacted blank is subjected to double-sided friction extrusion forming through the rotation and feeding motion of the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod; Step 3. The circular plate obtained after forming is taken out from the center extrusion cylinder; In the step 2, the first rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed, the rotation and feeding motion of the first rotating extrusion rod stops when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature; then, the second rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed, the rotation and feeding motion of the second rotating extrusion rod stops when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature; Or the first rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, and the second rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank at the same time, the rotation and feeding motion of the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod stops when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature; A double-sided friction extrusion machine adopts the double-sided friction extrusion forming process as described above, comprising a main machine and a tooling die; the main machine comprises a first fixed beam, a first sliding block, a movable beam, a second sliding block, a second fixed beam, a first main cylinder, a second main cylinder, a third main cylinder, a fourth main cylinder, a first movable cylinder, a second movable cylinder, a first motor, a second motor, a guide column, a first speed reducer, a second speed reducer, a first rotary table, and a second rotary table; wherein the first fixed beam and the second fixed beam are respectively located at the two ends of the extrusion machine and are fixed in position; the first main cylinder, the second main cylinder, the first movable cylinder, and the second movable cylinder are fixed on the first fixed beam, the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder are centrally symmetrically distributed on the first fixed beam and connected with the first sliding block to drive the first sliding block to move linearly back and forth, and the first movable cylinder and the second movable cylinder are respectively located on the outer sides of the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder and connected with the movable beam to drive the movable beam to move linearly back and forth; the third main cylinder and the fourth main cylinder are fixed on the second fixed beam, the third main cylinder and the fourth main cylinder are centrally symmetrically distributed on the second fixed beam and connected with the second sliding block to drive the second sliding block to move linearly back and forth; the first rotary table is fixed on the first sliding block and driven by the first driving device to rotate; the second rotary table is fixed on the second sliding block and driven by the second driving device to rotate; The tooling die comprises a first rotating extrusion rod, a second rotating extrusion rod, and a center extrusion cylinder; wherein the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the first rotary table, a temperature measuring hole is provided on the first rotating extrusion rod for measuring the working zone temperature thereof; the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the second rotary table, a temperature measuring hole is provided on the second rotating extrusion rod for measuring the working zone temperature thereof; the center lines of the first rotating extrusion rod, the second rotating extrusion rod, and the center extrusion cylinder are located on the central axis of the extrusion machine, which facilitates accurate centering of the tooling die.

2. The double-sided friction extrusion process of claim 1, wherein: The rotation directions of the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod are the same or different.

3. The double-sided friction extrusion process of claim 1, wherein: Step 1 For the metal waste, metal powder and metal multi-element mixture raw materials, firstly, the raw materials are weighed, then the raw materials are put into the center extrusion cylinder through the hopper, the first slider is moved to make the raw materials compact under the pressure of the first rotating extrusion rod, and the compactness of the compacted blank is calculated according to the mass of the raw materials and the volume of the blank after compaction; for the cylindrical blank, the blank is directly put into the center extrusion cylinder from one end of the center extrusion cylinder.

4. A double-sided friction extrusion process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The double-sided friction extrusion machine further comprises a temperature measurement system, and the temperature measurement system comprises a first wireless transmitter, a second wireless transmitter, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first wireless transmitter is fixed on the first rotary table and rotates with the first rotary table when the first rotary table rotates, one end of the first temperature sensor is connected with the first wireless transmitter, and the other end is arranged in the temperature measurement hole of the first rotating extrusion rod to measure the temperature change near the working zone of the first rotating extrusion rod in real time. The second wireless transmitter is fixed on the second rotary table and rotates with the second rotary table when the second rotary table rotates, one end of the second temperature sensor is connected with the second wireless transmitter, and the other end is arranged in the temperature measurement hole of the second rotating extrusion rod to measure the temperature change near the working zone of the second rotating extrusion rod in real time.

5. A double-sided friction extrusion process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The center extrusion cylinder is further provided with a hopper.

6. A circular sheet material, characterized by The double-sided friction extrusion forming process is obtained by any one of claims 1-5; or the double-sided friction extrusion machine is obtained by claim 1. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process is obtained by any one of claims 1-5; or the double-sided friction extrusion machine is obtained by claim 1.

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