Refractory material repair construction technology for expansion joints of waste incinerators

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refractory material repair construction process for an expansion joint of a waste incinerator, which relates to the technical field of repair construction of incinerators. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Demolish the damaged part of the expansion joint; Step 2: Process the prefabricated part (1); Step 3: Weld and install; Step 4: Fill and cure; Step 5: Apply a coating on the outer layer. Through the above repair steps, the present invention facilitates the standardized and reliable repair operation of the expansion joint of the waste incinerator. Workers use the prefabricated part processing device designed by the present invention to produce prefabricated parts, which can realize the modular and standardized production operation of prefabricated structural parts with standard dimensions and quality, replacing most of the operations that need to be completed on site in the prior art. It can avoid the problems of great operation difficulty for construction workers, non-standardized processes and standards caused by the harsh on-site construction environment, and at the same time can reduce the working hours of construction workers in the harsh construction environment and improve the service strength after the repair of this part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of maintenance and construction of incinerators, in particular to a refractory material maintenance and construction process for expansion joints of a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] The expansion joint of a traditional waste incinerator is a Z-shaped structure. The gap of the expansion joint is filled with aluminum silicate fiber felt. The overall skeleton is a heat-resistant steel plate structure. Y-shaped nails are vertically welded on the heat-resistant steel plate, and the outer layer of refractory castables is made on this basis to ensure the normal operation of the expansion joint. However, the expansion joint is located at the top of the incinerator furnace. This area is affected by the high temperature of incineration and the corrosive gases produced by waste incineration. It is very easy to erode, break and fall off at the expansion joint. At the same time, due to the damage and fall of refractory materials, the heat-resistant steel plate in the expansion joint is eroded and damaged by flue gas, which greatly increases the difficulty of shutdown and maintenance. When the expansion joint of the incinerator is in the above damaged state, the main hazards include:

[0003] 1. Reduced safety: Severe damage and shedding of refractory materials and heat-resistant steel plates will cause the expansion joint to be exposed to the waste incineration flue gas and high temperature environment, which is very likely to cause damage to the expansion joint, threatening the safe operation of the waste incineration boiler;

[0004] 2. Increased maintenance costs: Due to the frequent occurrence of this situation in the original waste incinerator design, the boiler needs to be frequently shut down for maintenance, which increases operating costs and downtime, affecting the operating efficiency of the waste incinerator and the economic benefits of the incinerator user;

[0005] 3. Environmental pollution: The damage of expansion joints will lead to the leakage of flue gas, the emission of incompletely burned particles and untreated flue gas, and the reduction of the amount of waste incineration due to the reduction of efficiency, which will have a negative impact on the environment.

[0006] In order to facilitate the maintenance of expansion joints of a waste incinerator, a refractory material maintenance construction process for expansion joints of a waste incinerator is provided. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refractory material maintenance construction process for the expansion joint of a garbage incinerator in order to facilitate the maintenance of the expansion joint of the garbage incinerator.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a refractory material maintenance construction process for the expansion joint of a waste incinerator, the specific steps are as follows:

[0009] Step 1: Remove the damaged part of the expansion joint; use an electric pick to remove the refractory material of the damaged part. After the refractory material on the surface is removed, grind and clean the internal heat-resistant steel plate;

[0010] Step 2: Prefabricated component processing; Use a prefabricated component processing device to quickly produce prefabricated structural components with preset dimensional specifications.

[0011] Step 3: Welding and installation; Use a prefabricated component clamping, lifting and fixing device to clamp the prefabricated component and insert it into the construction part demolished by an electric pickaxe, and temporarily squeeze it in the space from the outside for welding operations.

[0012] Step 4: Filling and curing; Leave a Z-shaped connection seam between adjacent prefabricated blocks, and fill the connection seam with a zirconium-containing aluminosilicate fiber board.

[0013] Step 5: Outer layer coating; Coat refractory materials on the prefabricated components fixed at the construction part and the surrounding gaps to seal the unsealed gaps.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present invention: The prefabricated component is a prefabricated brick body with grab nails as the skeleton and refractory materials cast outside the grab nails; The grab nails include connecting nail parts and inverted Y-shaped nail parts. One end of the connecting nail part is horizontally arranged inside the prefabricated component, and the other end of the connecting nail part extends out of the prefabricated component and is welded to the internal heat-resistant steel plate; Two or more inverted Y-shaped nail parts are welded and connected below the connecting nail part located inside the prefabricated component; Before casting, the outer wall of the grab nails except the welding parts is coated with asphalt paint, and after drying, it is placed into the prefabricated component processing device for casting and forming operations.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present invention: The prefabricated component processing device includes a base and a drying bin. The base is located below the drying bin. The mold is spliced and formed through a forming mechanism. The grab nails are positioned in the inner cavity of the mold through a positioning mechanism. The forming mechanism includes a movable groove. The movable groove is opened at the top end of the base. The inner wall of the movable groove is slidably connected with a movable seat. One end of the base is equipped with a first motor. The output end of the first motor is connected with a first threaded rod. The first threaded rod penetrates through the movable seat. The top end of the movable seat is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame. The top end of the movable seat is symmetrically provided with side plates on both sides of the U-shaped frame. The outer wall of the side plate is fixedly connected with a movable plate. The movable plate is symmetrically slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat. A second threaded rod penetrating through the movable plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable seat. The outer wall of the second threaded rod is fixedly connected with a first straight gear.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: A toothed plate penetrating through the movable seat is slidably connected inside the movable seat. The toothed plate is located at the top of the first spur gear and meshes with the first spur gear for transmission. Fixed slots are symmetrically formed inside the movable seat at the top of the toothed plate. Extrusion blocks extending from both ends are symmetrically slidably connected inside the toothed plate. An activity frame is slidably connected inside the toothed plate at one end of the extrusion block. A first spring is connected between the bottom end of the activity frame and the toothed plate. A fixed block extending upward from the toothed plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the activity frame. First inclined surfaces are symmetrically formed on both sides of the activity frame, and the extrusion blocks are in contact with the first inclined surfaces.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: The positioning mechanism includes a docking block fixedly connected to the top end of the side plate. Positioning slots are formed at the connection positions of the two docking blocks. A through slot is formed on the outer wall of the outer extension end of the connecting nail part of the grab nail. A slot is formed inside one of the docking blocks. An insertion block penetrating through the docking block is slidably connected inside the other docking block. A second spring is connected between the insertion block and the docking block. A clamping block is slidably connected inside the docking block at the bottom end of the insertion block. A third spring is connected between the clamping block and the docking block. Ratchet teeth are formed at the bottom end of the insertion block, and the top end of the clamping block is engaged with the ratchet teeth.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: A displacement frame is slidably connected inside the docking block on one side of the clamping block. A second inclined surface is provided on one side of the clamping block, and the top end of the displacement frame is on one side of the second inclined surface. The displacement frame is C-shaped and the crossbar part at the lower end extends out of the side plate. A fourth spring is connected between the displacement frame and the side plate.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: The clamping and lifting fixing device includes a mounting seat. Rollers are installed at the bottom end of the mounting seat. The prefabricated part is lifted and clamped by a lifting and clamping mechanism, and the prefabricated part is horizontally moved by a pushing mechanism. The lifting and clamping mechanism includes a placement groove formed at the top end of the mounting seat. A support plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove. A mounting frame extending above the mounting seat is slidably connected inside the mounting seat. A second motor is installed at one end of the mounting seat. The output end of the second motor is connected to a third threaded rod that penetrates through the mounting frame. A chute is provided at the bottom end of the support plate. A third motor is installed inside the bottom top end of the mounting frame. The output end of the third motor is connected to a fourth threaded rod. A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom top end of the mounting frame. A supporting frame is slidably connected to the outer walls of the fourth threaded rod and the limiting rod.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the support plate, a cross rod is horizontally slidably connected inside the mounting frame, and a connecting groove for inserting the connecting rod is formed on the outer wall of the cross rod; the pushing mechanism includes a clamping groove formed on the outer wall of the connecting rod, a horizontal groove for the cross rod to slide is formed on the outer wall of the mounting frame, a clamping plate extending into the inner cavity of the connecting groove is slidably connected inside the cross rod, a fifth spring is connected between the clamping plate and the cross rod, a pressing block is slidably connected inside the cross rod above the clamping plate, the top of the pressing block extends out of the cross rod, a third inclined surface is arranged at the top end of the clamping plate, and the bottom end of the pressing block is in contact with the third inclined surface.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: a vertical plate is fixedly connected to one end of the cross rod, a first toothed rod penetrating through the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the mounting frame, a second spur gear is meshingly rotatably connected inside the vertical plate above the first toothed rod, a second toothed rod is meshingly connected inside the vertical plate above the second spur gear, one end of the second toothed rod is fixedly connected to a pushing seat, the pushing seat is slidably connected inside the cross rod, a connecting column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pushing seat, a pushing frame is slidably connected to the top end of the support plate, a connecting hole is formed at the top end of the pushing frame, a fourth motor is installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame, and an output end of the fourth motor is connected to a third spur gear, and the third spur gear is in meshing transmission with a second tooth groove arranged at the bottom end of the cross rod.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: a limiting block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pushing frame, a limiting groove for the limiting block to slide is formed on the outer wall of the support plate, third tooth grooves are formed on the outer walls of the first toothed rod and the second toothed rod, and the third tooth grooves are meshed with the second spur gear.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. By setting repair steps such as the removal of the damaged part of the expansion joint, prefabricated part processing, welding, filling steps, and outer layer painting, the present invention facilitates the standardized and reliable maintenance operation of the expansion joint of the waste incinerator; workers can use the prefabricated part processing device designed by the present invention to produce prefabricated parts, which can realize the modular and standardized production operation of prefabricated structural parts with standard sizes and quality, replace most of the operations that construction workers need to complete on site in the prior art, avoid the problems of difficult operation for construction workers and non-standardized processes and standards caused by the harsh on-site construction environment, and at the same time can reduce the working hours of construction workers in the harsh construction environment and improve the service strength after the repair of this part.

[0025] 2. The prefabricated part processing device of the present invention is provided with a forming mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The side plate and the U-shaped frame are spliced to form a mold inner cavity. At this time, the grab nails are positioned in the inner cavity through the cooperation of the parts in the positioning mechanism, and then the prefabricated part casting material is injected into the inner cavity. The movable seat moves into the drying bin to dry the prefabricated parts. The movable seat moves to the discharging end. At this time, the displacement of the movable plate drives the side plate to move away from the U-shaped frame, so that the side plate is separated from the U-shaped frame, facilitating the removal operation of the formed prefabricated parts. This design facilitates the pouring and removal operations of the prefabricated parts. At the same time, when the prefabricated parts are formed, the position of the grab nails is positioned, making the forming of the prefabricated parts more standard and the quality constant and reliable.

[0026] 3. The prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device of the present invention is provided with a lifting and clamping mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The second motor operates to drive the lifting frame to move below the prefabricated part to be moved. The third motor operates to drive the lifting frame to displace, pushing the support plate upward. The displacement of the support plate drives the prefabricated part to move upward. The support plate and the cross bar jointly clamp the prefabricated part. The fourth motor operates to drive the third spur gear to rotate. The rotation of the third spur gear drives the cross bar to displace. At the same time, the transverse pushing frame displaces to push the prefabricated part to move, facilitating the lifting and clamping operation of the prefabricated part and conveniently pushing the prefabricated part into the preset fixed position. By setting the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device, the work of at least two people for the repair operation in the expansion furnace can be simplified to be implemented by one person, which is more labor-saving, greatly shortens the repair time in the furnace, and improves the efficiency of the repair operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction state of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 of the present invention Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram in the A-A direction;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the prefabricated part of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 of the present invention Figure 3 is a right view;

[0031] Figure 5 of the present invention Figure 3 is a top view;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the prefabricated part processing device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base of the prefabricated part processing device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the movable seat of the prefabricated part processing device according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic internal structural diagram of the movable seat of the prefabricated part processing device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic installation diagram of the toothed plate of the prefabricated part processing device according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 Schematic internal structural diagram of the toothed plate of the prefabricated part processing device according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 Schematic installation diagram of the position of the grab nails in the prefabricated part processing device according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 Schematic internal structural diagram of the docking block of the prefabricated part processing device according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 Schematic structural diagram of the mounting seat of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 Schematic structural diagram of the placement groove of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 Schematic internal structural diagram of the mounting seat of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 17 Schematic internal structural diagram of the displacement frame of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 18 Schematic internal structural diagram of the support plate of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 19 Schematic internal structural diagram of the cross bar of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 20 Drying temperature control curve graph of the prefabricated part according to the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1, prefabricated part; 2, aluminum silicate fiber board; 3, grab nail; 4, forming mechanism; 401, movable groove; 402, movable seat; 403, first threaded rod; 404, first motor; 405, U-shaped frame; 406, side plate; 407, movable plate; 408, second threaded rod; 409, first straight gear; 410, toothed plate; 411, fixed groove; 412, extrusion block; 413, movable frame; 414, first spring; 415, fixed block; 5, positioning mechanism; 501, docking block; 502, positioning groove; 503, through groove; 504, slot; 505, plug block; 506, second spring; 507, clamping block; 508, third spring; 509, displacement frame; 510, fourth spring; 6, base; 7, drying bin; 8, lifting and clamping mechanism; 801, placing groove; 802, supporting plate; 803, mounting frame; 804, third threaded rod; 805, second motor; 806, sliding groove; 807, third motor; 808, fourth threaded rod; 809, limiting rod; 810, supporting frame; 811, connecting rod; 812, cross bar; 813, connecting groove; 9, pushing mechanism; 901, clamping groove; 902, horizontal groove; 903, clamping plate; 904, fifth spring; 905, pressing block; 906, vertical plate; 907, first toothed rod; 908, second straight gear; 909, second toothed rod; 910, pushing seat; 911, connecting column; 912, pushing frame; 913, connecting hole; 914, fourth motor; 915, third straight gear; 10, limiting groove; 11, limiting block; 12, mounting seat; 13, roller; 14, internal heat-resistant steel plate. Detailed implementation manner

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Next, according to the overall structure of the present invention, its embodiments will be described.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1 to 20 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a refractory material repair construction process for an expansion joint of a waste incinerator is as follows:

[0051] Step 1: Demolition of the damaged part of the expansion joint; after the furnace is stopped and the ventilation of the furnace chamber is completed, the construction personnel enter the furnace chamber to set up a scaffold, and then use an electric pickaxe to demolish the refractory material at the damaged part. The area size of the demolition can be determined according to the degree of damage (such as Figure 1 the dotted line area shown is the demolition area); after the refractory material on the surface is demolished, the grinding and cleaning work of the internal heat-resistant steel plate 14 is carried out;

[0052] In some working conditions described in the invention, the vertically installed heat-resistant steel plate on the fire-facing side of the expansion joint is at the edge of corrosion, breakage and shedding. At this time, the demolition speed is relatively fast, and the construction personnel can use plasma cutting to quickly cut off the heat-resistant steel plate that is exposed outside and hinders the repair operation.

[0053] Step 2: Processing of the prefabricated part 1; the production workers determine the size and quantity of the replacement prefabricated part 1 for the repair part according to the drawing size of the expansion joint and the demolition range. Use the prefabricated part processing device to quickly produce prefabricated structural parts with preset size specifications;

[0054] Step 3: Welding and installation; use the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device to clamp the prefabricated part 1 and insert it into the construction part demolished by the electric pickaxe, and temporarily squeeze it in the space from the outside for welding operations;

[0055] Step 4: Filling and curing; a Z-shaped connection seam is reserved between adjacent precast blocks, and a zirconium-containing aluminum silicate fiber board 2 is filled into the connection seam;

[0056] Step 5: Outer layer coating; a refractory material is coated on the precast member 1 fixed at the construction site and the surrounding gaps to seal the unsealed gaps.

[0057] As Figures 3 - 5 shown, the precast member 1 is a precast brick body with a stud 3 as the skeleton and a refractory material cast outside the stud 3; the stud 3 includes a connecting stud portion and an inverted Y-shaped stud portion. One end of the connecting stud portion is horizontally arranged inside the precast member 1, and the other end of the connecting stud portion extends out of the precast member 1 and is welded to the internal heat-resistant steel plate 14; two or more inverted Y-shaped stud portions are welded below the connecting stud portion located inside the precast member 1; before casting, the outer wall of the stud 3 except for the welded part is coated with asphalt paint, and after drying, it is placed into the precast member processing device for casting operation.

[0058] Please refer specifically to Figures 6 to 11 , the precast member processing device includes a base 6 and a drying bin 7. The base 6 is located below the drying bin 7. The mold is assembled and formed through a forming mechanism 4, and the stud 3 is positioned in the inner cavity of the mold through a positioning mechanism 5. The forming mechanism 4 includes a movable groove 401 opened at the top end of the base 6. The inner wall of the movable groove 401 is slidably connected with a movable seat 402. One end of the base 6 is equipped with a first motor 404, and the output end of the first motor 404 is connected with a first threaded rod 403. The first threaded rod 403 passes through the movable seat 402. The top end of the movable seat 402 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame 405. The top end of the movable seat 402 is symmetrically provided with side plates 406 on both sides of the U-shaped frame 405. The outer wall of the side plate 406 is fixedly connected with a movable plate 407. The movable plate 407 is symmetrically slidably connected inside the movable seat 402. A second threaded rod 408 passing through the movable plate 407 is rotatably connected inside the movable seat 402. A first straight gear 409 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second threaded rod 408. A toothed plate 410 passing through the movable seat 402 is slidably connected inside the movable seat 402. The toothed plate 410 is located above the first straight gear 409 and meshes with the first straight gear 409 for transmission. Fixed grooves 411 are symmetrically opened inside the movable seat 402 above the toothed plate 410. The toothed plate 410 is symmetrically slidably connected with extrusion blocks 412 extending from both ends out of the toothed plate 410. An activity frame 413 is slidably connected to one end of the extrusion block 412 inside the toothed plate 410. A first spring 414 is connected between the bottom end of the activity frame 413 and the toothed plate 410. The top end of the activity frame 413 is fixedly connected with a fixing block 415 extending out of the toothed plate 410 from above.

[0059] In this embodiment: The two ends of the base 6 are respectively a pouring end and a discharging end. When the movable seat 402 is located at the pouring end of the base 6, at this time, the side plates 406 are closely attached to both sides of the U-shaped frame 405. The side plates 406 and the U-shaped frame 405 are spliced to form a mold inner cavity. At this time, the grab nails 3 are positioned in the inner cavity through the cooperation of the parts in the positioning mechanism 5. Then, the refractory castable of the precast member 1 is injected into the inner cavity. After that, the first motor 404 is started. The operation of the first motor 404 drives the first threaded rod 403 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 403 drives the movable seat 402 to slide in the movable groove 401. The movable seat 402 moves into the drying bin 7 to perform a drying operation on the precast member 1. The drying temperature control curve graph is as Figure 20 shown. After the drying operation is completed, the movable seat 402 continues to move. The movable seat 402 moves to the discharging end. During this process, the extrusion block 412 first contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The extrusion block 412 is stressed and displaced. The displacement of the extrusion block 412 pushes the movable frame 413 to displace, squeezing the first spring 414. The displacement of the movable frame 413 drives the fixed block 415 to displace out of the fixed groove 411, canceling the fixation of the toothed plate 410. Then, the toothed plate 410 contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The toothed plate 410 is stressed and displaced. The displacement of the toothed plate 410 drives the first spur gear 409 to rotate. The rotation of the first spur gear 409 drives the second threaded rod 408 to rotate. The rotation of the second threaded rod 408 drives the two movable plates 407 to move in opposite directions. The displacement of the movable plates 407 drives the side plates 406 to move away from the U-shaped frame 405, thereby separating the side plates 406 from the U-shaped frame 405 and facilitating the operation of taking out the formed precast member 1.

[0060] Please refer specifically to Figures 12 to 13 , the positioning mechanism 5 includes a docking block 501. The docking block 501 is fixedly connected to the top end of the side plate 406. A positioning groove 502 is opened at the connection position of the two docking blocks 501. A through groove 503 is opened on the outer wall of the outer extension end of the connecting nail part of the grab nail 3. A slot 504 is opened inside one docking block 501. An insert block 505 that penetrates through the docking block 501 is slidably connected inside the other docking block 501. A second spring 506 is connected between the insert block 505 and the docking block 501. A clamping block 507 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the insert block 505 inside the docking block 501. A third spring 508 is connected between the clamping block 507 and the docking block 501. A displacement frame 509 is slidably connected to one side of the clamping block 507 inside the docking block 501. The displacement frame 509 is C-shaped and the horizontal bar part at the lower end extends out of the side plate 406. A fourth spring 510 is connected between the displacement frame 509 and the side plate 406.

[0061] In this embodiment: When the side plates 406 are closely attached to both sides of the U-shaped frame 405, the bottom of the displacement frame 509 contacts the U-shaped frame 405 and undergoes displacement under force. The displacement frame 509 displaces and separates from the latch 507, squeezing the fourth spring 510. At this time, the latch 507 contacts the plug 505 under the elastic force of the third spring 508, and at the same time, the two docking blocks 501 are in contact with each other. At this time, the grab nail 3 can be placed between the two side plates 406. The outer extension end of the connecting nail part of the grab nail 3 is inserted into the positioning groove 502 from bottom to top. Then, the plug 505 is pushed to displace, squeezing the second spring 506. The plug 505 passes through the through groove 503 and enters the positioning groove 502 to fix the position of the grab nail 3. At this time, the latch 507 performs a clamping and positioning operation on the plug 505; when the side plates 406 are separated from the U-shaped frame 405, the displacement frame 509 displaces under the elastic force of the fourth spring 510. The displacement frame 509 displaces and contacts the latch 507, pushing the latch 507 to displace and separate from the plug 505, canceling the positioning of the plug 505. The plug 505 displaces and resets under the elastic force of the second spring 506. The plug 505 automatically displaces out of the slot 504 and the through groove 503, canceling the positioning of the grab nail 3 to avoid blocking when the prefabricated part 1 is taken out; this design facilitates positioning the position of the grab nail 3 when the prefabricated part 1 is formed.

[0062] Please refer specifically to Figures 14 to 17 , the clamping, lifting and fixing device includes a mounting base 12. A roller 13 is installed at the bottom end of the mounting base 12. The prefabricated part 1 is lifted and clamped by a lifting and clamping mechanism 8, and the prefabricated part 1 is horizontally moved by a pushing mechanism 9. The lifting and clamping mechanism 8 includes a placement groove 801. The placement groove 801 is opened at the top end of the mounting base 12. A support plate 802 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove 801. An installation frame 803 extending above the mounting base 12 is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting base 12. A second motor 805 is installed at one end of the mounting base 12. The output end of the second motor 805 is connected to a third threaded rod 804. The third threaded rod 804 penetrates through the installation frame 803. A chute 806 is provided at the bottom end of the support plate 802. A third motor 807 is installed inside the bottom of the installation frame 803. The output end of the third motor 807 is connected to a fourth threaded rod 808. A limiting rod 809 is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom of the installation frame 803. A moving support 810 is slidably connected to the outer walls of the fourth threaded rod 808 and the limiting rod 809. A connecting rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top end of the support plate 802. A cross bar 812 is horizontally slidably connected to the inside of the installation frame 803. A connection groove 813 for inserting the connecting rod 811 is opened on the outer wall of the cross bar 812.

[0063] In this embodiment: When moving the prefabricated part 1, place the prefabricated part 1 on the top of the pallet 802. At this time, the second motor 805 can be started. The operation of the second motor 805 drives the third threaded rod 804 to rotate. The rotation of the third threaded rod 804 drives the mounting frame 803 to displace. The displacement of the mounting frame 803 drives the supporting frame 810 to move below the prefabricated part 1 that needs to be moved. At this time, the third motor 807 can be started. The operation of the third motor 807 drives the fourth threaded rod 808 to rotate. The rotation of the fourth threaded rod 808 drives the supporting frame 810 to displace. The supporting frame 810 displaces into the sliding groove 806, and then pushes the pallet 802 to move upward. The displacement of the pallet 802 drives the prefabricated part 1 to move upward until the prefabricated part 1 contacts the bottom end of the cross bar 812. The pallet 802 and the cross bar 812 together perform a clamping operation on the prefabricated part 1, facilitating the lifting and clamping operation of the prefabricated part 1.

[0064] Please refer specifically to Figures 16 to 19 , the pushing mechanism 9 includes a clamping groove 901, which is opened on the outer wall of the connecting rod 811. A horizontal groove 902 for the cross bar 812 to slide is opened on the outer wall of the mounting frame 803. A clamping plate 903 extending into the inner cavity of the connecting groove 813 is slidably connected inside the cross bar 812. A fifth spring 904 is connected between the clamping plate 903 and the cross bar 812. A pressing block 905 is slidably connected inside the cross bar 812 at the top of the clamping plate 903. The top of the pressing block 905 extends out of the cross bar 812. One end of the cross bar 812 is fixedly connected to a vertical plate 906. The top of the mounting frame 803 is fixedly connected to a first toothed rod 907 passing through the vertical plate 906. A second spur gear 908 is meshingly and rotatably connected inside the vertical plate 906 at the top of the first toothed rod 907. A second toothed rod 909 is meshingly connected inside the vertical plate 906 at the top of the second spur gear 908. One end of the second toothed rod 909 is fixedly connected to a pushing seat 910. The pushing seat 910 is slidably connected inside the cross bar 812. The bottom end of the pushing seat 910 is fixedly connected to a connecting column 911. A pushing frame 912 is slidably connected to the top of the pallet 802. A connecting hole 913 is opened at the top of the pushing frame 912. A fourth motor 914 is installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame 803. The output end of the fourth motor 914 is connected to a third spur gear 915. The third spur gear 915 is meshingly driven with a second tooth groove provided at the bottom end of the cross bar 812.

[0065] In this embodiment: When the pallet 802 and the cross bar 812 together clamp the prefabricated part 1, the connecting rod 811 is inserted into the connecting groove 813, and the connecting column 911 is inserted into the connecting hole 913. At this time, the pressing block 905 is located in the inner cavity of the horizontal groove 902, and the pressing block 905 contacts the inner wall of the horizontal groove 902 and is displaced by the force. The displacement of the pressing block 905 pushes the clamping plate 903 to displace out of the connecting groove 813 without hindering the insertion of the connecting rod 811. At the same time, the clamping plate 903 squeezes the fifth spring 904.

[0066] When it is necessary to push the prefabricated part 1 into the preset fixed position, the fourth motor 914 is started. The operation of the fourth motor 914 drives the third spur gear 915 to rotate. The rotation of the third spur gear 915 drives the cross bar 812 to displace. The displacement of the cross bar 812 drives the support plate 802 to displace through the connecting rod 811. At this time, the support frame 810 slides in the chute 806 to support the support plate 802 until the pressing block 905 displaces out of the transverse groove 902, and the clamping plate 903 is clamped into the clamping groove 901 under the elastic force of the fifth spring 904 to fix the connection between the cross bar 812 and the connecting rod 811; at the same time, the displacement of the cross bar 812 causes the first toothed rod 907 to displace relative to the vertical plate 906. The displacement of the first toothed rod 907 drives the second spur gear 908 to rotate. The rotation of the second spur gear 908 drives the second toothed rod 909 to displace. The displacement of the second toothed rod 909 drives the pushing seat 910 to displace. The displacement of the pushing seat 910 drives the pushing frame 912 to displace through the connecting column 911. The displacement of the pushing frame 912 pushes the prefabricated part 1 to move. When the cross bar 812 moves to the opening of the preset fixed position, the pushing frame 912 pushes the prefabricated part 1 into the preset fixed position.

[0067] Please refer specifically to Figures 6 to 11 , the inner wall of the movable groove 401 fits with the outer wall of the movable seat 402. The outer wall of the movable seat 402 is provided with a first threaded hole, and the first threaded hole matches the first threaded rod 403. The bottom end of the toothed plate 410 is provided with a first tooth groove, and the first tooth groove meshes with the first spur gear 409. The outer wall of the movable plate 407 is provided with a second threaded hole, and the outer wall of the second threaded rod 408 is symmetrically provided with external threads, and the external threads match the second threaded hole. The top outer wall of the fixed block 415 fits with the inner wall of the fixed groove 411. The two sides of the movable frame 413 are symmetrically provided with first inclined surfaces, and the extrusion block 412 contacts the first inclined surface.

[0068] In this embodiment: The operation of the first motor 404 drives the first threaded rod 403 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 403 drives the movable seat 402 to slide in the movable groove 401; the extrusion block 412 first contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The extrusion block 412 is forced to displace. The displacement of the extrusion block 412 drives the movable frame 413 to displace, squeezing the first spring 414. The displacement of the movable frame 413 drives the fixed block 415 to displace out of the fixed groove 411, canceling the fixation of the toothed plate 410. Then the toothed plate 410 contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The toothed plate 410 is forced to displace. The displacement of the toothed plate 410 drives the first spur gear 409 to rotate. The rotation of the first spur gear 409 drives the second threaded rod 408 to rotate. The rotation of the second threaded rod 408 drives the two movable plates 407 to move in opposite directions. The displacement of the movable plate 407 drives the side plate 406 to move away from the U-shaped frame 405.

[0069] Please refer particularly to Figures 12 to 13 , the outer wall of the insertion block 505 fits against the inner walls of the through groove 503 and the insertion slot 504, the outer wall of the top of the grab nail 3 fits against the inner wall of the positioning groove 502, the bottom end of the insertion block 505 is provided with ratchet teeth, the top end of the latch block 507 is engaged with the ratchet teeth, a second inclined surface is arranged on one side of the latch block 507, and the top end of the displacement frame 509 is located on one side of the second inclined surface.

[0070] In this embodiment: the two docking blocks 501 are fitted together. At this time, the top of the grab nail 3 can be inserted into the positioning groove 502. Then, the insertion block 505 is pushed to displace, squeezing the second spring 506. The insertion block 505 passes through the through groove 503 and enters the positioning groove 502 to fix the position of the grab nail 3. At this time, the latch block 507 performs a latching and positioning operation on the insertion block 505; when the side plate 406 is separated from the U-shaped frame 405, the displacement frame 509 is displaced under the elastic force of the fourth spring 510. The displacement frame 509 contacts the latch block 507 during displacement, pushing the latch block 507 to displace and separate from the insertion block 505, canceling the positioning of the insertion block 505. The insertion block 505 is displaced and reset under the elastic force of the second spring 506, and the insertion block 505 automatically displaces out of the insertion slot 504 and the through groove 503, canceling the positioning of the grab nail 3.

[0071] Please refer particularly to Figures 14 to 17 , the inner wall of the placement groove 801 fits against the outer wall of the support plate 802. The outer wall of the mounting frame 803 is provided with a third threaded hole, and the third threaded hole matches the third threaded rod 804. The outer wall of the lifting frame 810 is provided with a fourth threaded hole and a limiting hole, the fourth threaded rod 808 matches the fourth threaded hole, and the outer wall of the limiting rod 809 fits against the inner wall of the limiting hole.

[0072] In this embodiment: the second motor 805 operates to drive the third threaded rod 804 to rotate. The rotation of the third threaded rod 804 drives the mounting frame 803 to displace. The displacement of the mounting frame 803 drives the lifting frame 810 to move below the prefabricated part 1 that needs to be moved. At this time, the third motor 807 can be started. The operation of the third motor 807 drives the fourth threaded rod 808 to rotate. The rotation of the fourth threaded rod 808 drives the lifting frame 810 to displace. The lifting frame 810 displaces into the sliding groove 806, and then the support plate 802 is pushed to move upward.

[0073] Please refer particularly to Figures 16 to 19 , the bottom end of the cross bar 812 is provided with a second tooth groove, the second tooth groove meshes with the third spur gear 915, the inner wall of the transverse groove 902 fits against the outer wall of the cross bar 812, the inner wall of the connecting groove 813 fits against the outer wall of the connecting rod 811, the outer wall of one end of the clamping plate 903 fits against the inner wall of the clamping groove 901, a third inclined surface is arranged at the top end of the clamping plate 903, and the bottom end of the pressing block 905 contacts the third inclined surface.

[0074] In this embodiment: The fourth motor 914 operates to drive the third spur gear 915 to rotate. The rotation of the third spur gear 915 drives the cross bar 812 to displace. The displacement of the cross bar 812 drives the support plate 802 to displace through the connecting rod 811. At this time, the support frame 810 slides in the chute 806 to support the support plate 802 until the lower pressing block 905 displaces out of the horizontal groove 902, and the clamping plate 903 is clamped into the clamping groove 901 under the elastic force of the fifth spring 904 to fix the cross bar 812 and the connecting rod 811.

[0075] Please refer specifically to Figures 16 to 19 , the inner wall of the chute 806 fits with the top outer wall of the support frame 810, the outer wall of the connecting column 911 fits with the inner wall of the connecting hole 913, the bottom end of the pushing frame 912 is fixedly connected with a limiting block 11, a limiting groove 10 for the limiting block 11 to slide is formed on the outer wall of the support plate 802, and third tooth grooves are formed on the outer walls of the first tooth bar 907 and the second tooth bar 909, and the third tooth grooves are engaged with the second spur gear 908.

[0076] In this embodiment: The displacement of the first tooth bar 907 drives the second spur gear 908 to rotate. The rotation of the second spur gear 908 drives the second tooth bar 909 to displace. The displacement of the second tooth bar 909 drives the pushing seat 910 to displace. The displacement of the pushing seat 910 drives the pushing frame 912 to displace through the connecting column 911. At this time, the limiting block 11 slides in the limiting groove 10.

[0077] It should be noted that the refractory materials used for preparing the prefabricated part 1 and the refractory materials used for coating the outer layer and the gaps in step five can be prepared according to the invention patent "A Boiler Lining Crack Repair Material and Its Preparation and Construction Method" with the publication number of CN116143503B applied by the applicant on April 18, 2023.

[0078] The patented technology has been tested by the applicant. The precast blocks described in the present invention are prefabricated in the workshop and then transported to the construction site. The on-site staff can quickly assemble them, reducing the time for on-site preparation of refractory materials and manual pouring and ramming. The construction time has been shortened from the traditional ten days to five days. The daily labor requirement has been reduced from the original 12 man-days to 7 man-days. The total labor requirement has been reduced from the original 120 man-days to only 35 man-days. The on-site working time and labor intensity of the construction workers have been greatly reduced, reducing the exposure time of the construction workers in the harsh environment, which has a very positive effect on the health of the construction workers. At the same time, due to the inaccurate proportion of refractory materials prepared on-site in the existing technology, the strength of the refractory materials after construction is likely to be insufficient. The production of precast blocks in the workshop follows a standardized production plan, enabling each precast block to meet the quality standards for product design and use. After construction sampling and testing comparison, the refractory material indicators are as follows:

[0079]

[0080] It can be seen from this control experiment that the performance indicators of the refractory material precast blocks used in the present invention are significantly better than those of the refractory materials prepared on-site during traditional construction. The excellent performance can better protect the expansion joints behind the precast blocks, greatly improve the boiler operation time, reduce the number of boiler shutdowns, and enhance economic, social and ecological benefits.

[0081] The above is only the preferred specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refractory material repair construction process for an expansion joint of a waste incinerator, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Demolish the damaged part of the expansion joint; Use a pneumatic pick to demolish the refractory material at the damaged part. After the surface refractory material is demolished, carry out the grinding and cleaning work on the internal heat-resistant steel plate (14). Step 2: Process the prefabricated parts (1); Use the prefabricated part processing device to quickly produce prefabricated structural parts with preset size specifications. Step 3: Weld and install; Use the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device to clamp the prefabricated part (1) and insert it into the construction part demolished by the pneumatic pick, and temporarily squeeze it in the space from the outside for welding operations. Step 4: Fill and cure; Leave a Z-shaped connection seam between adjacent precast blocks, and fill the connection seam with zirconium-containing aluminosilicate fiber board (2). Step 5: Coat the outer layer; Coat the refractory material on the prefabricated part (1) fixed at the construction part and the surrounding gaps to seal the unsealed gaps.

2. The refractory repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated part (1) is a precast brick body with nails (3) as the skeleton and refractory material cast outside the nails (3); The nail (3) includes a connecting nail part and an inverted Y-shaped nail part. One end of the connecting nail part is horizontally arranged inside the prefabricated part (1), and the other end of the connecting nail part extends out of the prefabricated part (1) and is welded to the internal heat-resistant steel plate (14); Two or more inverted Y-shaped nail parts are welded and connected below the connecting nail part located inside the prefabricated part (1); Before casting, the outer wall of the nail (3) except for the welding part is coated with asphalt paint, and after drying, it is placed into the prefabricated part processing device for casting and forming operations.

3. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The prefabricated part processing device includes a base (6) and a drying bin (7). The base (6) is located below the drying bin (7). The mold is spliced and formed by a forming mechanism (4). The nail (3) is positioned in the inner cavity of the mold through a positioning mechanism (5). The forming mechanism (4) includes a movable groove (401). The movable groove (401) is opened at the top end of the base (6). The inner wall of the movable groove (401) is slidably connected with a movable seat (402). One end of the base (6) is equipped with a first motor (404). The output end of the first motor (404) is connected with a first threaded rod (403). The first threaded rod (403) penetrates through the movable seat (402). The top end of the movable seat (402) is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame (405). The top end of the movable seat (402) is symmetrically provided with side plates (406) on both sides of the U-shaped frame (405). The outer wall of the side plate (406) is fixedly connected with a movable plate (407). The movable plate (407) is symmetrically slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat (402). A second threaded rod (408) penetrating through the movable plate (407) is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable seat (402). The outer wall of the second threaded rod (408) is fixedly connected with a first spur gear (409).

4. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, A toothed plate (410) is slidably connected inside the movable seat (402) and penetrates through the movable seat (402). The toothed plate (410) is located at the top of the first spur gear (409) and meshes with the first spur gear (409) for transmission. Fixed grooves (411) are symmetrically formed inside the movable seat (402) at the top of the toothed plate (410). Extrusion blocks (412) that extend out of the toothed plate (410) from both ends are symmetrically slidably connected inside the toothed plate (410). An activity frame (413) is slidably connected inside the toothed plate (410) at one end of the extrusion block (412). A first spring (414) is connected between the bottom end of the activity frame (413) and the toothed plate (410). A fixed block (415) that extends out of the toothed plate (410) from above is fixedly connected to the top end of the activity frame (413). First inclined surfaces are symmetrically formed on both sides of the activity frame (413), and the extrusion block (412) is in contact with the first inclined surfaces.

5. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (5) includes a docking block (501). The docking block (501) is fixedly connected to the top end of the side plate (406). A positioning groove (502) is formed at the connection position of the two docking blocks (501). A through groove (503) is formed on the outer wall of the outer extension end of the connecting pin part of the grab nail (3). A slot (504) is formed inside one docking block (501). An insertion block (505) that penetrates through the docking block (501) is slidably connected inside the other docking block (501). A second spring (506) is connected between the insertion block (505) and the docking block (501). A clamping block (507) is slidably connected inside the docking block (501) at the bottom end of the insertion block (505). A third spring (508) is connected between the clamping block (507) and the docking block (501). Ratchet teeth are formed at the bottom end of the insertion block (505), and the top end of the clamping block (507) is engaged with the ratchet teeth.

6. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that, A displacement frame (509) is slidably connected inside the docking block (501) on one side of the clamping block (507). A second inclined surface is provided on one side of the clamping block (507), and the top end of the displacement frame (509) is located on one side of the second inclined surface. The displacement frame (509) is C-shaped and the horizontal bar part at the lower end extends out of the side plate (406). A fourth spring (510) is connected between the displacement frame (509) and the side plate (406).

7. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping, lifting and fixing device includes a mounting base (12). A roller (13) is installed at the bottom end of the mounting base (12). The prefabricated component (1) is lifted and clamped by a lifting and clamping mechanism (8), and the prefabricated component (1) is horizontally moved by a pushing mechanism (9). The lifting and clamping mechanism (8) includes a placement groove (801). The placement groove (801) is opened at the top end of the mounting base (12). A support plate (802) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove (801). An installation frame (803) extending above the mounting base (12) is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting base (12). A second motor (805) is installed at one end of the mounting base (12). The output end of the second motor (805) is connected to a third threaded rod (804). The third threaded rod (804) penetrates through the installation frame (803). A chute (806) is arranged at the bottom end of the support plate (802). A third motor (807) is installed inside the bottom of the installation frame (803). The output end of the third motor (807) is connected to a fourth threaded rod (808). A limiting rod (809) is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom of the installation frame (803). A lifting frame (810) is slidably connected to the outer walls of the fourth threaded rod (808) and the limiting rod (809).

8. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 7, characterized in that, A connecting rod (811) is fixedly connected to the top end of the support plate (802). A cross bar (812) is horizontally slidably connected to the inside of the installation frame (803). A connection groove (813) for inserting the connecting rod (811) is opened on the outer wall of the cross bar (812). The pushing mechanism (9) includes a clamping groove (901). The clamping groove (901) is opened on the outer wall of the connecting rod (811). A horizontal groove (902) for the cross bar (812) to slide is opened on the outer wall of the installation frame (803). A clamping plate (903) extending into the inner cavity of the connection groove (813) is slidably connected to the inside of the cross bar (812). A fifth spring (904) is connected between the clamping plate (903) and the cross bar (812). A pressing block (905) is slidably connected to the inside of the cross bar (812) above the clamping plate (903). The top of the pressing block (905) extends out of the cross bar (812). A third inclined surface is arranged at the top end of the clamping plate (903). The bottom end of the pressing block (905) is in contact with the third inclined surface.

9. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 8, characterized in that, One end of the cross bar (812) is fixedly connected with a vertical plate (906). The top end of the mounting frame (803) is fixedly connected with a first toothed bar (907) penetrating through the vertical plate (906). Inside the vertical plate (906), a second spur gear (908) is meshed and rotatably connected to the top end of the first toothed bar (907). Inside the vertical plate (906), a second toothed bar (909) is meshed and connected to the top end of the second spur gear (908). One end of the second toothed bar (909) is fixedly connected with a pushing seat (910). The pushing seat (910) is slidably connected inside the cross bar (812). The bottom end of the pushing seat (910) is fixedly connected with a connecting column (911). The top end of the support plate (802) is slidably connected with a pushing frame (912). A connecting hole (913) is opened at the top end of the pushing frame (912). A fourth motor (914) is installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame (803). The output end of the fourth motor (914) is connected with a third spur gear (915). The third spur gear (915) is in meshing transmission with a second toothed groove arranged at the bottom end of the cross bar (812).

10. The refractory material repair construction process of an expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 9, characterized in that, A limiting block (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pushing frame (912). A limiting groove (10) for the limiting block (11) to slide is opened on the outer wall of the support plate (802). Third toothed grooves are opened on the outer walls of the first toothed bar (907) and the second toothed bar (909). The third toothed grooves are meshed with the second spur gear (908).

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