Power management system and method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a power management system and method and a vehicle, the power management system is provided with a detection module, a management module and a voltage conversion module, and the detection module detects the power supply voltage of a power supply and the current input voltage of a load when the power supply supplies power to the load; the management module determines a voltage management strategy according to the power supply voltage and the current input voltage under the condition that the power supply voltage is within a preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within a target input voltage range of the load, and the voltage conversion module carries out boost or buck conversion on the power supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy, the converted input voltage of the load is located in the target input voltage range; the stability of the input voltage of the vehicle load end can be ensured, and the situation that the vehicle load cannot work normally due to the unstable vehicle power supply voltage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power management, and particularly to a power management system, method, and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In an electric vehicle or new energy vehicle, with a power battery, etc. as the main power source, when the power battery, etc. supplies power to vehicle loads (such as a vehicle controller, etc.), it is necessary to convert the input voltage of the power battery through a power management system, and use the converted voltage as the power supply voltage for the vehicle load. Therefore, the voltage conversion function of the power management system is particularly important.

[0003] In the related art, when there is an instantaneous voltage fluctuation in the vehicle power supply voltage, the converted voltage also fluctuates, resulting in an unstable power supply voltage for the vehicle load, thus affecting the normal operation of the vehicle load. In addition, the power management system in the related art also has poor adaptability to the input power supply voltage range, poor applicability to different usage scenarios, and there is still room for improvement in reasonable power distribution and energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, this application provides a power management system, method, and vehicle to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a power management system is provided, including: a detection module, configured to detect the power supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load when the power supply supplies power to the load; a management module, configured to determine a voltage management strategy according to the power supply voltage and the current input voltage when the power supply voltage is within a preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load; the target input voltage range is determined based on the type of the load; a voltage conversion module, configured to step up or step down the power supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes: a power cut-off module and an indicator light module. The power cut-off module is used to cut off the power supply according to a power cut-off instruction. Wherein, the power cut-off instruction is output by the management module when the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the operating current of the load is not within the preset load current operating range, or the operating voltage of the load is not within the preset load voltage operating range. The operating current or the operating voltage is detected by the detection module. The indicator light module is used to give an alarm indication according to an alarm control instruction. Wherein, the alarm control instruction is output by the management module when the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the operating current is not within the preset load current operating range, or the operating voltage is not within the preset load voltage operating range.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes: a power control unit, which is used to control a preset component to be in a low-power mode according to a standby control instruction. Wherein, the standby control instruction is output by the management module when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, or when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range. The preset component includes the power cut-off module and the indicator light module. The power of the low-power mode is less than a preset power threshold.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, the power control unit includes: a current control module, which is used to control the operating current of the preset component according to a current control instruction, so that the operating current of the preset component is less than a preset current threshold. Wherein, the current control instruction is determined by a standby control module based on the standby control instruction.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes: a power input module and a power output module. One end of the power input module is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the power input module is connected to the input end of the management module. The power output module is connected to the output end of the voltage conversion module and is used to deliver the converted input voltage to the load.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes: a forward overvoltage protection module or a reverse overvoltage protection module; the positive electrode of the forward overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the power input module, the negative electrode of the forward overvoltage protection module is used to connect to a grounding component, and the forward overvoltage protection module is used to perform forward overvoltage protection on the management module; the positive electrode of the reverse overvoltage protection module is connected to the input end of the power output module, the negative electrode of the reverse overvoltage protection module is used to connect to the grounding component, and the reverse overvoltage protection module is used to perform reverse overvoltage protection on the voltage conversion module and the management module.

[0011] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a power management method is provided, including: obtaining the supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load; if the supply voltage is within a preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, determining a voltage management strategy according to the supply voltage and the current input voltage, so that the voltage conversion module performs a boost or buck conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy; the target input voltage range is determined based on the type of the load.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management method further includes: obtaining the working current, working voltage and converted input voltage of the load; if the supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the working current is not within the preset load current working range, or the working voltage is not within the preset load voltage working range, outputting a power cut-off instruction, so that the power switching module cuts off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction; if the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, outputting a standby control instruction, so that the power control unit controls the preset component to be in a low-power mode according to the standby control instruction; if the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, outputting the standby control instruction, so that the power control unit controls the preset component to be in a low-power mode according to the standby control instruction.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the process of determining a voltage management strategy based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage includes: calculating a reference duty cycle of pulse width modulation based on the supply voltage and a target input voltage; the target input voltage is a voltage value within the target input voltage range; if the supply voltage is greater than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is greater than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is reduced, and step-down conversion of the supply voltage with the reduced duty cycle is used as the voltage management strategy; if the supply voltage is less than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is greater than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is reduced, and boost conversion of the supply voltage with the reduced duty cycle is used as the voltage management strategy; if the supply voltage is greater than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is less than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is increased, and step-down conversion of the supply voltage with the increased duty cycle is used as the voltage management strategy; if the supply voltage is less than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is less than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is increased, and boost conversion of the supply voltage with the increased duty cycle is used as the voltage management strategy.

[0014] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle is provided, and the vehicle includes the power management system as described above.

[0015] Advantages of the present application: The present application provides a detection module, a management module, and a voltage conversion module. When the power supply powers the load, the detection module detects the supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load. When the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, the management module determines a voltage management strategy based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage. The voltage conversion module performs boost or step-down conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy, so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range. In the above process, even if the vehicle power supply voltage fluctuates instantaneously within the preset voltage range, the management module determines the voltage management strategy in real time based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage, and the voltage conversion module performs conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy determined in real time, so that the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, thereby ensuring the stability of the input voltage at the vehicle load end and avoiding the situation where the vehicle load cannot work properly due to unstable vehicle power supply voltage.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and subsequent detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0017] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with this application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of this application. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a power management system shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a module diagram of a power management system shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary system architecture shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a power management method shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a power management method shown in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system of an on-vehicle power management device suitable for implementing the embodiments of this application. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0025] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0026] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary descriptions, not necessarily including all content and operations / steps, nor necessarily executed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, and some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0027] As used in this application, "a plurality of" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0028] The technical solution of the embodiment of this application relates to related technologies such as analog-to-digital conversion, and is specifically described through the following embodiments:

[0029] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a power management system shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. As Figure 1 shown, the exemplary power management system includes:

[0030] The detection module 101 is configured to detect the supply voltage of the supply power and the current input voltage of the load when the supply power supplies power to the load;

[0031] The management module 102 is configured to determine a voltage management strategy based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage when the supply voltage is within a preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load;

[0032] The voltage conversion module 103 is configured to perform step-up or step-down conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range.

[0033] In an embodiment of this application, the preset voltage range can be set according to actual conditions. For example, it is 3V to 24V. The target input voltage range is determined according to the type of the load (such as a regional controller and a vehicle domain controller). Among them, the process of determining the target input voltage range according to the type of the load includes: obtaining the target input voltage based on the type of the load and the model of the load device; using the sum of the target input voltage and the voltage increment as the upper limit of the target input voltage range, and using the difference between the target input voltage and the voltage increment as the lower limit of the target input voltage range. The voltage increment can be set according to actual conditions. The voltage conversion module is a DC-DC converter that has both step-up conversion function and step-down conversion function. The DC-DC converter can be selected according to actual conditions and will not be specifically limited here.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, during the process of the vehicle power supply supplying power to the vehicle load, the power supply voltage will undergo instantaneous fluctuations, resulting in unstable input voltage of the load. Therefore, a detection module, a management module, and a voltage conversion module are provided. The detection module detects the supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load when the power supply supplies power to the load. The management module determines a voltage management strategy based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage when the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load. The voltage conversion module boosts or buck-converts the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range. In the above process, even if the vehicle power supply voltage undergoes instantaneous fluctuations within the preset voltage range, the management module determines the voltage management strategy in real time based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage, and the voltage conversion module converts the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy determined in real time, so that the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, thereby ensuring the stability of the input voltage at the vehicle load end and avoiding the situation where the vehicle load cannot work properly due to unstable vehicle power supply voltage.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, since the voltage conversion module has both a boost conversion function and a buck conversion function, the boost conversion mode or the buck conversion mode can be selected according to the magnitude relationship between the supply voltage and the target input voltage, which not only improves the applicability of the power management system to the supply voltage range, but also improves the applicability to different usage scenarios.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes:

[0037] A power cut-off module and an indicator light module. The power cut-off module is used to cut off the power supply according to a power cut-off instruction. Among them, the power cut-off instruction is output through the management module when the supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the working current of the load is not within the preset load current working range, or the working voltage of the load is not within the preset load voltage working range. The working current or the working voltage is detected by the detection module. The indicator light module is used to give an alarm indication according to an alarm control instruction. Among them, the alarm control instruction is output through the management module when the supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the working current is not within the preset load current working range, or the working voltage is not within the preset load voltage working range.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present application, the detection module includes a load detection module and a power supply detection module. The load detection module is used to detect the working current and working voltage of the load; the power supply detection module is used to detect the supply voltage of the power supply. The preset load current working range is determined according to factors such as the current factory data of the load device and the working environment, and the preset load voltage working range is determined according to factors such as the voltage factory data of the load device and the working environment.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, when the supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, it indicates that the power supply is abnormal. When the working current of the load is not within the preset load current working range or the working voltage of the load is not within the preset load voltage working range, it indicates that the load is working abnormally. Therefore, when the power supply is abnormal and the load is working abnormally, the management and control module outputs a power cut-off instruction, and the power cut-off module cuts off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the power management system.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes: a power control unit, which is used to control the preset components to be in a low-power mode according to the standby control instruction; wherein, the standby control instruction is output through the management module when the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, or when the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, the preset components include a power cut-off module, an indicator light module, a load detection module, the input and output ports of the management module, and the peripheral clock circuit in the power management system, etc. The power in the low-power mode is less than the preset power threshold, and the preset power threshold can be determined according to the actual situation. After the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, or, after the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, the management module controls the load detection module to periodically monitor the input voltage, working current, and working voltage of the load. At this time, if all components in the power supply system are in the working state, it will inevitably cause unnecessary power consumption. Therefore, within the time interval of the periodic monitoring, by controlling the preset components to be in the low-power mode, unnecessary power consumption is reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the power management system is improved.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the power cut-off module uses a relay or a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), etc., the load detection module uses an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), a low-power current sensor, a low-power voltage sensor, etc., the power detection module uses an analog-to-digital converter or a low-power voltage sensor, etc., and the management module uses a Microcontroller Unit (MCU), etc. During the operation of the power management system, the power cut-off module, the load detection module, and the management module can operate with low power consumption, thereby reducing the power consumption during the operation.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present application, the power control unit includes:

[0044] A current control module, configured to control the working current of the preset components according to a current control instruction, so that the working current of the preset components is less than a preset current threshold; wherein, the current control instruction is determined by the standby control module based on the standby control instruction.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, the preset current threshold can be set to 1 mA, or can be set to other current values, which are not specifically limited herein. By controlling the operating current of the preset component, standby control of the preset component is achieved. During the process that the preset component is in the low-power mode, the operating current of the preset component does not exceed the preset current threshold, thereby greatly reducing the power consumption of the preset component and improving the energy utilization rate of the power management system.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, after receiving the standby control instruction, the standby control module triggers and outputs a current control instruction, and realizes controlling the operating current of the preset component through the current control instruction.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes:

[0048] A power input module and a power output module. One end of the power input module is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the power input module is connected to the input end of the management module; the power output module is connected to the output end of the voltage conversion module and is used to deliver the converted input voltage to the load.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the power supply voltage is input through the power input module, the converted input voltage is provided for the load through the power output module, the power detection module detects the voltage at the input end of the management module, and takes the voltage at the input end of the management module as the power supply voltage. The input voltage of the load is the output voltage of the voltage converter, that is, the converted input voltage.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes:

[0051] A forward overvoltage protection module and a reverse overvoltage protection module; the positive pole of the forward overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the power input module, the negative pole of the forward overvoltage protection module is used to connect to the grounding component, and the forward overvoltage protection module is used to perform forward overvoltage protection on the management module; the positive pole of the reverse overvoltage protection module is connected to the input end of the power output module, the negative pole of the reverse overvoltage protection module is used to connect to the grounding component, and the reverse overvoltage protection module is used to perform reverse overvoltage protection on the voltage conversion module and the management module.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management system further includes a filtering module. One end of the filtering module is connected to the output end of the power input module, and the other end of the filtering module is connected to the input end of the management module. The filtering module is used to filter the power supply voltage. The filtering module is a filtering capacitor or the like. The setting of the filtering capacitor is beneficial to smoothing the power supply voltage, reducing the fluctuation and interference of the power supply voltage, and making the power supply voltage obtained at the input end of the management module more stable.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the grounding component can be a grounding resistor, a combination of a grounding resistor and a grounding inductor, etc. The forward overvoltage protection module is a diode with a first preset cut-off voltage (for example, a Zener diode of the 1N5220 series). The first preset cut-off voltage is 24V, or it can be other voltage values. When the voltage at the output end of the power input module does not exceed the first preset cut-off voltage, the forward overvoltage protection module is in an off state, and the voltage at the output end of the power input module enters the input end of the management module through the filtering module. When the voltage at the output end of the power input module exceeds the first preset cut-off voltage, the forward overvoltage protection module conducts, and the current at the output end of the power input module flows through the forward overvoltage protection module to the grounding component, thereby preventing the voltage at the output end of the power input module from being too large and damaging components such as the filtering module and the management module. The reverse overvoltage protection module is a diode with a second preset cut-off voltage (for example, a diode of the 1N4007 series). The second preset cut-off voltage can be 14V, or it can be other voltage values. When the reverse voltage at the output end of the voltage conversion module does not exceed 14V, the reverse overvoltage protection module is in an off state. When the reverse voltage at the output end of the voltage conversion module exceeds 14V, the reverse overvoltage protection module is in a conducting state, and the reverse current at the output end of the voltage conversion module flows through the reverse overvoltage protection module to the grounding component, thereby preventing the reverse voltage at the output end of the voltage conversion module from being too large and damaging components such as the voltage conversion module and the management module.

[0054] Figure 2 is a module diagram of a power management system shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as Figure 2 shown, the power management system includes: a core control unit, a power input and preprocessing unit, a power detection and protection unit, a power consumption management unit, and a power conversion and output unit. Among them, the core control unit serves as the management module, the power input and preprocessing unit includes a power input module, a forward overvoltage protection module, and a filtering module, the power detection and protection unit includes a power detection module, a protection mechanism module, and an indicator light module, the power consumption management unit includes a standby control module and a current control module, and the power conversion and output unit includes a load detection module, a DC-DC converter, a reverse overvoltage protection module, and a power output module.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the power input module is used to access the power supply voltage; the forward overvoltage protection module is used to protect the filtering module, the management module, etc. when the power supply voltage exceeds the first preset cut-off voltage; the filtering capacitor is used to smooth the power supply voltage and reduce the fluctuations and interferences of the power supply voltage; the power detection module is used to detect the supply voltage; the load detection module is used to detect the current input voltage, operating current and operating voltage of the load; the core control unit is used to determine the conversion mode of the DC-DC converter according to the comparison result of the supply voltage and the target input voltage when the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and is used to determine the voltage management strategy according to the current input voltage and the supply voltage; the core control unit is further used to output a power cut-off instruction when the supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the operating current is not within the preset load current operating range or the operating voltage is not within the preset load voltage operating range; the core control unit is further used to output a standby control instruction when the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, or when the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range; the DC-DC converter is used to boost or buck-convert the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range; the power output module is used to output the converted input voltage; the reverse overvoltage protection circuit is used to protect the DC-DC converter and the core control unit when the reverse voltage exceeds the second preset cut-off voltage; the protection mechanism module is used to cut off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction, and the power cut-off function of the protection mechanism module is implemented through the power cut-off module, etc.; the indicator light module is used to give an alarm indication according to the alarm control instruction; the standby control module is used to output a current control instruction when receiving the standby control instruction; the current control module is used to control the operating current of the preset components according to the current control instruction so that the preset components are in the low-power mode.

[0056] When the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the present application can cut off the power supply, and by setting a filtering module, a forward overvoltage protection module, and a reverse overvoltage protection module, ensure the safety of the power management system, ensure the stability of the power management system under harsh conditions, and is conducive to improving the service life of the power management system; when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage of the load is monitored in real time, and according to the power supply voltage and the current input voltage, the voltage management strategy is determined in real time, and the power supply voltage is boosted or buck-converted according to the voltage management strategy to ensure stable operation under various power supply voltages; when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, or when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, a standby control instruction is output, and by controlling the current of the preset component, the working state of the power management system is dynamically adjusted according to the current input voltage, power supply voltage, working current, and working voltage of the load, which is conducive to optimizing power distribution and energy management, improving the overall utilization rate of the power supply, reducing energy waste, reducing vehicle operation costs, and meeting the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0057] The method embodiments of the present application are introduced below, which can be applied to the power management system in the above embodiments of the present application. For details not disclosed in the method embodiments of the present application, please refer to the embodiments of the power management system in the above of the present application.

[0058] Referring to Figure 3 As shown, the system architecture may include a detection device 301 and a vehicle-mounted power management device 302. Among them, the vehicle-mounted power management device 302 may be at least one of a desktop Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) computer, a GPU computing cluster, a neural network computer, etc. Relevant technicians can use the vehicle-mounted power management device 302 to compare the power supply voltage with the preset voltage range and compare the current input voltage with the target input voltage range. If the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, the voltage management strategy is determined according to the power supply voltage and the current input voltage, so that the voltage conversion module boosts or buck-converts the power supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy. The detection device 301 is used to detect the power supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load. In this embodiment, the detection device 301 uses a voltage sensor or an analog-to-digital converter to detect the power supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load, and provides them to the vehicle-mounted power management device 302 for processing.

[0059] Schematically, after the in-vehicle power management device 302 obtains the supply voltage of the detection device 301 and the current input voltage, it compares the supply voltage with a preset voltage range and compares the current input voltage with a target input voltage range. If the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, it determines a voltage management strategy based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage, so that the voltage conversion module performs a boost or buck conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy. In the above process, if the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, it determines the voltage management strategy in real time based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage, and the voltage conversion module performs a conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy determined in real time, so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range, thereby ensuring the stability of the input voltage at the vehicle load end and avoiding the situation that the vehicle load cannot work properly due to unstable vehicle power supply voltage.

[0060] It should be noted that the power management method provided by the embodiments of the present application is generally executed by the in-vehicle power management device 302. Correspondingly, the management module is generally arranged in the in-vehicle power management device 302.

[0061] The implementation details of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are elaborated in detail below:

[0062] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a power management method shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application. This power management method can be executed by a computing processing device, and the computing processing device can be Figure 3 the in-vehicle power management device 302 shown in Figure 4 As shown, this power management method includes at least steps S410 to S420, which are introduced in detail as follows:

[0063] In step S410, the supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load are obtained. In an embodiment of the present application, the supply voltage and the current input voltage are obtained by collecting through a voltage sensor or an analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

[0064] In step S420, if the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, a voltage management strategy is determined based on the power supply voltage and the current input voltage, so that the voltage conversion module performs a boost or buck conversion on the power supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy. In an embodiment of the present application, the preset voltage range can be set according to the actual situation. For example, it is 3V to 24V. The target input voltage range is determined according to the type of the load (such as the zone controller and the vehicle domain controller). The process of determining the target input voltage range according to the type of the load includes: obtaining the target input voltage based on the type of the load and the model of the load device; taking the sum of the target input voltage and the voltage increment as the upper limit of the target input voltage range, and taking the difference between the target input voltage and the voltage increment as the lower limit of the target input voltage range. The voltage increment can be set according to the actual situation. The voltage conversion module is a DC-DC converter that has both a boost conversion function and a buck conversion function. The DC-DC converter can be selected according to the actual situation and is not specifically limited herein.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, during the process of the vehicle power supply powering the vehicle load, the power supply voltage will have instantaneous fluctuations, resulting in unstable input voltage of the load. Therefore, when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, a voltage management strategy is determined based on the power supply voltage and the current input voltage. The voltage conversion module performs a boost or buck conversion on the power supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy, so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range. In the above process, even when the vehicle power supply voltage has instantaneous fluctuations within the preset voltage range, the management module determines the voltage management strategy in real time based on the power supply voltage and the current input voltage, and the voltage conversion module performs a conversion on the power supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy determined in real time, so that the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, thereby ensuring the stability of the input voltage at the vehicle load end and avoiding the situation that the vehicle load cannot work properly due to unstable vehicle power supply voltage.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, since the voltage conversion module has both a boost conversion function and a buck conversion function, the boost conversion mode or the buck conversion mode can be selected according to the magnitude relationship between the power supply voltage and the target input voltage, which not only improves the applicability of the power management system to the power supply voltage range, but also improves the applicability to different usage scenarios.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present application, the power management method further includes:

[0068] Obtain the working current, working voltage of the load, and the converted input voltage. In an embodiment of the present application, the working current, working voltage of the load, and the converted input voltage are detected by a load detection module.

[0069] If the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the working current is not within the preset load current working range, or the working voltage is not within the preset load voltage working range, then output a power cut-off instruction, so that the power switching module cuts off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction. In an embodiment of the present application, when the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, it indicates that the power supply is abnormal. When the working current of the load is not within the preset load current working range or the working voltage of the load is not within the preset load voltage working range, it indicates that the load is working abnormally. Therefore, when the power supply is abnormal and the load is working abnormally, the management control module outputs a power cut-off instruction, and the power cut-off module cuts off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the power management system.

[0070] If the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, then output a standby control instruction, so that the power control unit controls the preset components to be in a low-power mode according to the standby control instruction. In an embodiment of the present application, the preset components include a power cut-off module, an indicator light module, a load detection module, the input and output ports of the management module, and the peripheral clock circuit in the power management system, etc. The power of the low-power mode is less than the preset power threshold, and the preset power threshold can be determined according to the actual situation. After the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, the management module controls the load detection module to periodically monitor the input voltage, working current, and working voltage of the load. At this time, if all components in the power supply system are in a working state, it will inevitably cause unnecessary power consumption. Therefore, within the time interval of the periodic monitoring, by controlling the preset components to be in a low-power mode, unnecessary power consumption is reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the power management system is improved.

[0071] If the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, then a standby control instruction is output, so that the power control unit controls the preset component to be in the low-power mode according to the standby control instruction. In an embodiment of the present application, after the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, the management module controls the load detection module to periodically monitor the input voltage, operating current, and operating voltage of the load. At this time, if all components in the power supply system are in the working state, it will inevitably cause unnecessary power consumption. Therefore, within the time interval of the periodic monitoring, by controlling the preset component to be in the low-power mode, unnecessary power consumption is reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the power management system is improved.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the power cut-off module uses a relay or a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), etc., the load detection module uses an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), a low-power current sensor, a low-power voltage sensor, etc., the power detection module uses an analog-to-digital converter or a low-power voltage sensor, etc., and the management module uses a Microcontroller Unit (MCU), etc. During the operation of the power management system, the power cut-off module, the load detection module, and the management module can operate with low power consumption, thereby reducing the power consumption during the operation.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present application, the process of determining the voltage management strategy according to the supply voltage and the current input voltage includes:

[0074] Based on the supply voltage and the target input voltage, calculate the reference duty cycle of pulse width modulation. In an embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the reference duty cycle is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] where D represents the reference duty cycle, V out represents the target input voltage, and V in represents the supply voltage.

[0077] If the supply voltage is greater than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is greater than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is decreased, and the supply voltage is step - down converted with the decreased duty cycle as the voltage management strategy. In an embodiment of the present application, the reduction amplitude of the reference duty cycle can be determined according to the actual situation. The supply voltage is step - down converted with the decreased duty cycle, so that the converted input voltage is closer to the target input voltage, thereby making the input voltage at the vehicle load end more accurate.

[0078] If the supply voltage is less than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is greater than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is decreased, and the supply voltage is step - up converted with the decreased duty cycle as the voltage management strategy. In an embodiment of the present application, the reduction amplitude of the reference duty cycle can be determined according to the actual situation. The supply voltage is step - up converted with the decreased duty cycle, so that the converted input voltage is closer to the target input voltage, thereby making the input voltage at the vehicle load end more accurate.

[0079] If the supply voltage is greater than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is less than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is increased, and the supply voltage is step - down converted with the increased duty cycle as the voltage management strategy. In an embodiment of the present application, the increase amplitude of the reference duty cycle can be determined according to the actual situation. The supply voltage is step - down converted with the increased duty cycle, so that the converted input voltage is closer to the target input voltage, thereby making the input voltage at the vehicle load end more accurate.

[0080] If the supply voltage is less than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is less than the target input voltage, then the reference duty cycle is increased, and the supply voltage is step - up converted with the increased duty cycle as the voltage management strategy. In an embodiment of the present application, the increase amplitude of the reference duty cycle can be determined according to the actual situation. The supply voltage is step - up converted with the increased duty cycle, so that the converted input voltage is closer to the target input voltage, thereby making the input voltage at the vehicle load end more accurate.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the power management method further includes:

[0082] Obtain the converted input voltage. In an embodiment of the present application, the converted input voltage is detected by a load detection module.

[0083] If the converted input voltage is not within the target input voltage range, then based on the converted input voltage and the supply voltage, the voltage management strategy is re-determined, so that the voltage conversion module boosts or buck-converts the supply voltage according to the re-determined voltage management strategy until the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range. In an embodiment of the present application, if the converted input voltage is not within the target input voltage range, then by continuously adjusting the reference duty cycle, the converted input voltage is changed until the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, thereby ensuring the stability of the input voltage at the vehicle load end.

[0084] If the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range, then the working current and working voltage of the load are detected. If the working current is within the preset current working range and the working voltage is within the preset voltage working range, then a standby control instruction is output, so that the power control unit controls the preset component to be in the low-power mode according to the standby control instruction. In an embodiment of the present application, after the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the working current is within the preset load current working range, and the working voltage is within the preset load voltage working range, the management module controls the load detection module to perform periodic monitoring on the input voltage, working current, and working voltage of the load. At this time, if all components in the power supply system are in the working state, it will inevitably cause unnecessary power consumption. Therefore, within the time interval of the periodic monitoring, by controlling the preset component to be in the low-power mode, unnecessary power consumption is reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the power management system is improved.

[0085] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of the power management method shown in another exemplary embodiment of the present application, as Figure 5As shown, the power management method includes: (1) Connecting to the power supply: The power management system connects to the power supply and starts running, with the power supply voltage ranging from 3V to 24V; (2) Initializing the MCU: Initializing the MCU, configuring the reference duty cycle of the analog-to-digital converter and pulse width modulation; (3) Using a filter capacitor: Using a filter capacitor to smooth the power supply voltage, reducing voltage fluctuations and interference to obtain the supply voltage; (4) Collecting the supply voltage through the analog-to-digital converter: The analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signal of the supply voltage into a digital signal for the MCU to read; (5) The MCU reads the supply voltage data: The MCU reads the supply voltage data converted by the analog-to-digital converter and determines whether the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range (for example, 3V to 24V); (6) Triggering the protection mechanism: If the supply voltage data exceeds the preset voltage range, the MCU triggers the protection mechanism, cuts off the power supply, and turns on a red light to prompt the user; (7) Controlling the switch to cut off the power supply: The MCU controls the switch (for example, MOSFET or relay) to cut off the power supply; (8) Turning on the red light: Sending a warning signal through an indicator light (for example, an LED, Light Emitting Diode) to prompt the user that the supply voltage is not compatible; (9) Enabling the DC-DC voltage converter: If the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range, enable the DC-DC voltage converter to convert the supply voltage into an output voltage (for example, 12V) and supply it to the vehicle load; (10) Collecting the current input voltage of the load: Collecting the current input voltage through the analog-to-digital converter; (11) Data analysis: The MCU determines whether the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range; (12) Judging whether the current input voltage is abnormal: If the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range, the MCU determines the voltage management strategy based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage; (13) Adjusting the PWM signal: Adjusting the reference duty cycle according to the voltage management strategy, thereby adjusting the converted input voltage until the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range; (14) Whether there is an abnormal situation in the load: In the case where the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range and the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, or, in the case where the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range and the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, if an abnormal situation in the load (such as short circuit, open circuit, etc.) is detected, trigger the protection mechanism and cut off the power supply; (15) Triggering the protection mechanism: The MCU triggers the protection mechanism and cuts off the power supply; (16) Entering the standby mode: Enter the standby mode when the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, and there is no abnormality in the load, or, when the supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range, the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range and there is no abnormality in the load, and cut off the power supply of the preset components through the MOSFET;(17) Turn off preset components: Turn off preset components (such as MOSFET, MCU input / output interfaces, etc.) to reduce power consumption; (18) Keep the power detection module and MCU running: In the standby mode, keep the power detection module and MCU running to ensure the safety of the power management system; (19) Cyclic monitoring: Periodically monitor the input voltage of the load and perform data analysis when the power supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, and the load is normal, or when the power supply voltage data is within the preset voltage range, the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range, and the load is normal.

[0086] It should be noted that the power management method provided in the above embodiments and the power management system provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific ways in which each module and unit perform operations have been described in detail in the method embodiments, and will not be elaborated here. In practical applications, the power management method provided in the above embodiments can, according to needs, allocate the above functions to different functional modules, that is, divide the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. This is not limited here either.

[0087] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle-mounted power management device, including: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the vehicle-mounted power management device to implement the power management methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0088] Figure 6 The structural diagram of a computer system suitable for implementing the vehicle-mounted power management device of the embodiments of the present application is shown. It should be noted that Figure 6 The computer system 600 of the vehicle-mounted power management device shown is only an example and should not impose any limitations on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0089] As Figure 6As shown, the computer system 600 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in the Read-Only Memory (ROM) 602 or the program loaded from the storage section 608 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 603, such as executing the method in the above embodiments. In the RAM 603, various programs and data required for system operation are also stored. The CPU 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are connected to each other via a bus 604. An Input / Output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0090] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 605: an input section 606 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output section 607 including, for example, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), etc. and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 608 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, a modem, etc. The communication section 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 610 is also connected to the I / O interface 605 as needed. A removable medium 611, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 610 as needed so that the computer program read from it can be installed into the storage section 608 as needed.

[0091] Specifically, according to the embodiments of the present application, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments of the present application include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a computer program for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network via the communication section 609, and / or installed from the removable medium 611. When the computer program is executed by the Central Processing Unit (CPU) 601, various functions defined in the system of the present application are executed.

[0092] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present application can be a computer-readable signal medium, a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable computer program. Such a propagated data signal can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer program contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0093] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Among them, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code, and the above module, program segment, or part of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0094] The units involved in the embodiments described in this application can be implemented in software or in hardware, and the described units can also be provided in a processor. Among them, the names of these units do not, in some cases, constitute a limitation on the units themselves.

[0095] On the other hand, this application also provides a vehicle, which includes the power management system or in-vehicle power management device described in the above embodiments. The vehicle may include the in-vehicle power management device described in the above embodiments, or may exist alone without assembling the in-vehicle power management device described in the above embodiments into the vehicle.

[0096] It should be noted that although several modules or units of the devices for action execution are mentioned in the above detailed description, such a division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of this application, the features and functions of the two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0097] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented in software or in a manner combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, server, touch terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of this application.

[0098] After considering the specification and practicing the embodiments disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of this application. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application, which follow the general principles of this application and include known common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in this application.

[0099] It should be understood that the above content is only a preferred exemplary embodiment of this application and is not used to limit the implementation of this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make corresponding adaptations or modifications very conveniently according to the main idea and spirit of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope required by the claims.

Claims

1. A power management system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A detection module, used to detect the supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load when the power supply supplies power to the load; a management module, configured to determine a voltage management strategy according to the supply voltage and the current input voltage when the supply voltage is within a preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within a target input voltage range of the load; the target input voltage range is determined based on the type of the load; A voltage conversion module is used to perform step-up or step-down conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy, so that the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range.

2. The power management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management system further comprises: Power cut-off module and indicator light module, The power cut-off module is used to cut off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction; wherein the power cut-off instruction is output through the management module when the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the load operating current is not within the preset load current operating range, or the load operating voltage is not within the preset load voltage operating range; the operating current or the operating voltage is detected by the detection module; The indicator light module is used to make an alarm indication according to the alarm control instruction; wherein, the alarm control instruction is output through the management module when the power supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the operating current is not within the preset load current operating range, or the operating voltage is not within the preset load voltage operating range.

3. The power management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power management system further comprises: A power control unit, used for controlling a preset component to be in a low power consumption mode according to a standby control instruction; wherein the standby control instruction is output through the management module when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, or when the power supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the converted input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range; the preset component includes the power cut-off module and the indicator light module; the power of the low power consumption mode is less than a preset power threshold.

4. The power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power control unit comprises: A current control module is used to control the working current of the preset component according to a current control instruction so that the working current of the preset component is less than a preset current threshold; wherein the current control instruction is determined by a standby control module based on the standby control instruction.

5. The power management system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power management system further comprises: Power input module and power output module, One end of the power input module is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the power input module is connected to the input end of the management module; The power output module is connected to the output end of the voltage conversion module and is used to transmit the converted input voltage to the load.

6. The power management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power management system further comprises: Forward overvoltage protection module and reverse overvoltage protection module; The positive electrode of the forward overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the power input module, the negative electrode of the forward overvoltage protection module is used to connect to the grounding component, and the forward overvoltage protection module is used to perform forward overvoltage protection on the management module; The positive pole of the reverse overvoltage protection module is connected to the input end of the power output module, the negative pole of the reverse overvoltage protection module is used to connect to the grounding component, and the reverse overvoltage protection module is used to perform reverse overvoltage protection on the voltage conversion module and the management module.

7. A power management method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the supply voltage of the power supply and the current input voltage of the load; If the supply voltage is within a preset voltage range and the current input voltage is not within the target input voltage range of the load, a voltage management strategy is determined based on the supply voltage and the current input voltage, so that the voltage conversion module performs a step-up or step-down conversion on the supply voltage according to the voltage management strategy; the target input voltage range is determined based on the type of the load.

8. The power management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power management method further includes: Obtaining an operating current, an operating voltage, and a converted input voltage of the load; If the supply voltage is not within the preset voltage range, the operating current is not within the preset load current operating range, or the operating voltage is not within the preset load voltage operating range, a power cut-off instruction is output, so that the power switching module cuts off the power supply according to the power cut-off instruction; If the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the current input voltage is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, then a standby control instruction is output, so that the power control unit controls the preset component to be in a low power consumption mode according to the standby control instruction; If the supply voltage is within the preset voltage range, the converted input voltage of the load is within the target input voltage range, the operating current is within the preset load current operating range, and the operating voltage is within the preset load voltage operating range, the standby control instruction is output so that the power control unit controls the preset component to be in low power consumption mode according to the standby control instruction.

9. The power management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of determining a voltage management strategy according to the supply voltage and the current input voltage includes: Calculating a reference duty cycle of pulse width modulation based on the supply voltage and the target input voltage; the target input voltage is a voltage value within the target input voltage range; If the supply voltage is greater than the target input voltage, and the current input voltage is greater than the target input voltage, the reference duty cycle is reduced, and the supply voltage is buck-converted with the reduced duty cycle as the voltage management strategy; If the supply voltage is less than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is greater than the target input voltage, the reference duty cycle is reduced, and the supply voltage is boosted with the reduced duty cycle as the voltage management strategy; If the supply voltage is greater than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is less than the target input voltage, the reference duty cycle is increased, and the supply voltage is stepped down with the increased duty cycle as the voltage management strategy; If the supply voltage is lower than the target input voltage and the current input voltage is lower than the target input voltage, the reference duty cycle is increased, and the supply voltage is boosted with the increased duty cycle as the voltage management strategy.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a power management system as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.

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