Fan device with retractable blades and blade retracting method

Abstract

The invention provides a fan device with retractable blades and a blade retracting method. The fan device with the retractable blades comprises a protective shell, a power generation mechanism, a lead screw linear mechanism, a blade retracting mechanism and a controller. An opening is formed in one side of the protective shell, a lead screw linear mechanism is arranged in the protective shell, a power generation mechanism is arranged at the output end of the lead screw linear mechanism, a blade retracting mechanism is arranged at the input end of the power generation mechanism, and the lead screw linear mechanism can drive blades of the blade retracting mechanism to stretch out of and retract into the opening of the protective shell. The lead screw linear mechanism is electrically connected with the controller. Through the arrangement of the protective shell, the power generation mechanism, the lead screw linear mechanism, the blade retracting mechanism and the controller, the controller controls the lead screw linear mechanism to start, and the lead screw linear mechanism drives the blades of the blade retracting mechanism to retract into the opening of the protective shell, so that the blades are prevented from being damaged under severe weather conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbines, and in particular to a blade-retractable wind turbine device and a blade-retracting method. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of demand for decentralized wind power and distributed energy, the importance of small wind turbines in off-grid power supply, emergency energy supply and other scenarios has become increasingly prominent. Unlike traditional large wind turbines, small wind turbines are often deployed on special scenarios with limited space and difficult operation and maintenance, such as urban building roofs, island border outposts, and mountain communication base stations. This places higher demands on the environmental adaptability, extreme weather resistance and self-protection mechanism of the equipment. However, under severe meteorological conditions such as strong winds and typhoons, traditional small wind turbines often face problems such as blade breakage and bearing overload due to the inability to adjust the blade fixing structure, resulting in equipment damage and power outages. Excessive wind speed will cause huge aerodynamic loads on the wind turbine blades, causing fatigue damage or even breakage of the blades. At the same time, excessive rotation speed may also cause the entire wind turbine to fail. In such extreme cases, the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine is greatly threatened, which will not only reduce the power generation efficiency and increase the equipment maintenance cost, but also seriously cause the wind turbine to be scrapped, resulting in huge economic losses.

[0003] In recent years, some studies have tried to improve the adaptability of wind turbines by strengthening blade materials or adding blade adjustment devices. For example, the comparative document with publication number CN110671262A discloses an active folding wind turbine that can resist strong typhoons. Each wind turbine blade includes an upper blade portion and a lower blade portion, which are hinged by a hinge device. A motor transmission system is installed in the lower blade portion, and the motor transmission system is connected to the hinge device. The motor transmission system can drive the upper blade portion to rotate relative to the lower blade portion through the hinge device, so that the wind turbine blade is bent. When the upper blade portion rotates to the end of its stroke, the tip of the upper blade portion just touches the adjacent blade portion. The upper end of the lower blade part of a wind turbine blade has a winch built into the upper part of the lower blade part. The winch is provided with a cable, one end of the cable is wound around the winch, and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjacent upper blade part. The winch tightens the cable to fix the blade, so that the blade group becomes a stable triangular structure, while reducing the slenderness ratio of the blade; the blades of the wind turbine are folded under severe weather conditions. Although they are more stable than fully unfolded blades, the airflow under severe weather conditions is complex and changeable. The exposed blades cannot be accurately adjusted according to the changes in real-time wind speed and wind direction, which may cause the wind turbine to be scrapped, resulting in huge economic losses. The safe operation of the wind turbine is still facing challenges. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to realize the retraction of the blades so that they do not leak out under adverse weather conditions.

[0005] The present invention achieves the solution to the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0006] A blade-retractable fan device includes a protective shell (1), a power generation mechanism (3), a lead screw linear mechanism (4), a blade retraction mechanism (5), and a controller; an opening is provided on one side of the protective shell (1), a lead screw linear mechanism (4) is arranged inside the protective shell (1), a power generation mechanism (3) is arranged on the output end of the lead screw linear mechanism (4), a blade retraction mechanism (5) is arranged on the input end of the power generation mechanism (3), the lead screw linear mechanism (4) can drive the blade (53) of the blade retraction mechanism (5) to extend out of and retract into the opening of the protective shell (1), and the lead screw linear mechanism (4) is electrically connected to the controller.

[0007] Beneficial effects: Through the settings of the protective shell, the power generation mechanism, the lead screw linear mechanism, the blade retraction mechanism, and the controller, the controller controls the lead screw linear mechanism to start, and the lead screw linear mechanism drives the blade of the blade retraction mechanism to retract into the opening of the protective shell, so that it is not exposed and damaged under harsh weather conditions.

[0008] Further, the power generation mechanism (3) includes a generator (31), the generator (31) is fixed on the output end of the lead screw linear mechanism (4), and the connecting shaft (30) of the generator (31) is fixed to the blade retraction mechanism (5).

[0009] Further, a first sleeve (33), a second bearing (32), and a second sleeve (34) are sequentially sleeved on the connecting shaft (30) of the generator (31), a stabilizing frame (35) is sleeved on the second bearing (32), the stabilizing frame (35) is provided with a plurality of legs, and the free ends of the legs are all rotatably connected with runners (36), and each runner (36) can slide along the inner wall of the protective shell (1).

[0010] Beneficial effects: Through the settings of the first sleeve, the second bearing, the second sleeve, the stabilizing frame, and the runners, the first sleeve and the second sleeve can limit the second bearing, the setting of the stabilizing frame can effectively reduce the radial disturbance during the rotation of the connecting shaft, and the setting of the runners, when the lead screw linear mechanism drives the power generation mechanism and the blade retraction mechanism to retract into the protective shell, the runners can slide along the inner wall of the protective shell to ensure the stability of the movement.

[0011] Further, the runner (36) is made of rubber.

[0012] Further, the blade retraction mechanism (5) includes a mounting plate (51), an adjustment assembly (52), and blades (53), the mounting plate (51) is fixed on the input end of the power generation mechanism (3), a plurality of adjustment assemblies (52) are fixed on the free side of the mounting plate (51), and blades (53) are fixed on each adjustment assembly (52).

[0013] Beneficial effect: through the setting of the adjustment components, blades are fixed on each adjustment component, and the adjustment components can realize the expansion and contraction of the blades.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly (52) includes a lower hinge (521), an upper hinge (522), and a spring (523); the lower hinge (521) is fixed on the mounting plate (51); the upper hinge (522) is rotatably connected to the lower hinge (521); a blade (53) is fixed to the free end of the upper hinge (522); and a spring (523) is fixed between the upper hinge (522) and the adjacent side wall of the mounting plate (51).

[0015] Beneficial effect: through the setting of the lower hinge, the upper hinge and the spring, when the weather is bad, each blade moves into the protective shell, and each blade is squeezed by the opening of the protective shell to drive the upper hinges to rotate inward. The rotation of each upper hinge drives the corresponding spring to be stretched, ensuring the contraction of each blade. When the weather is clear, each blade moves out of the protective shell, and the spring will slowly reset to make the blades unfold.

[0016] Furthermore, a baffle mechanism (2) is provided on the opening side of the protective shell (1), and the baffle (28) of the baffle mechanism (2) is movable relative to the opening of the protective shell (1) to achieve closing and opening of the opening of the protective shell (1).

[0017] Furthermore, the baffle mechanism (2) comprises a motor (21), a reducer (22), a screw rod (26), a slider (27), and a baffle (28); the output end of the motor (21) is fixed on the reducer (22); the output end of the reducer (22) is driven by the screw rod (26) through gear meshing; a slider (27) is threadedly sleeved on the screw rod (26); and the baffle (28) is fixed on the slider (27).

[0018] Beneficial effects: Through the arrangement of the motor, reducer, screw rod, slider and baffle, the motor can drive the reducer to rotate, the reducer drives the gear meshing transmission to rotate the screw rod, the rotation of the screw rod drives the slider to slide, and the slider can drive the baffle to move relative to the opening of the protective shell to achieve the closing and opening of the opening of the protective shell. Closing the opening can effectively avoid the influence of the harsh external environment on the inside of the protective shell.

[0019] Furthermore, the motor (21) is electrically connected to the controller.

[0020] Beneficial effect: Through the electrical connection between the motor and the controller, the controller can control the start of the motor, and then control the start of the reducer, the lead screw, the slider, and the baffle.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a blade retracting method of a blade retractable fan device using any of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps:

[0022] The S1 controller controls the start of the lead screw linear mechanism (4);

[0023] The lead screw linear mechanism (4) drives the power generation mechanism (3) and the blade retraction mechanism (5) to move into the protective housing (1);

[0024] Each blade (53) is driven by the opening of the protective housing (1) to drive each upper hinge (522) to rotate inward, and the rotation of each upper hinge (522) drives the corresponding spring (523) to be stretched until each blade (53) is retracted into the protective housing (1).

[0025] Beneficial effects: Through the setting of the blade retraction method, when the weather is bad, the controller controls the lead screw linear mechanism to start, drives each blade to move into the protective housing, each blade is driven by the opening of the protective housing to drive each upper hinge to rotate inward, and the rotation of each upper hinge drives the corresponding spring to be stretched, ensuring that each blade is retracted into the protective housing and not exposed to be damaged under bad weather conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 Is a perspective view of the blade retractable wind turbine device (blade deployed) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Is a perspective view of the blade retractable wind turbine device (blade retracted) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Is a perspective view of the baffle mechanism in the blade retractable wind turbine device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Is an assembly drawing of the power generation mechanism and the mounting plate in the blade retractable wind turbine device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Is a perspective view of the blade retraction mechanism (without blades) in the blade retractable wind turbine device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a blade-retractable fan device, which includes a protective shell 1, a baffle mechanism 2, a power generation mechanism 3, a screw linear mechanism 4, a blade retraction mechanism 5, a support rod 6, and a controller (not shown in the figure).

[0034] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown in the figure, a receiving space is provided inside the protective shell 1. One side of the protective shell 1 is open. The baffle mechanism 2 is arranged on the inside of the protective shell 1 at the open side. The baffle 28 of the baffle mechanism 2 can move along the Z-axis relative to the opening of the protective shell 1, and is used to block the opening of the protective shell 1 in a harsh environment. The screw linear mechanism 4 is fixed inside the protective shell 1. In this embodiment, the screw linear mechanism 4 is fixed inside the protective shell 1 by bolts. The output end of the screw linear mechanism 4 is fixed with the power generation mechanism 3. The screw linear mechanism 4 is a prior art. The screw linear mechanism 4 can drive the power generation mechanism 3 to move along the X-axis. The input end of the power generation mechanism 3 is fixed with the blade retraction mechanism 5. The blade 53 of the blade retraction mechanism 5 can be retracted into the protective shell 1. The support rod 6 is fixed on the bottom wall of the protective shell 1; the screw linear mechanism 4, the baffle mechanism 2 are electrically connected to the controller, and the controller can control the start and stop of the screw linear mechanism 4 and the baffle mechanism 2.

[0035] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown in the figure, the baffle mechanism 2 includes a motor 21, a reducer 22, a driving wheel 23, a driven wheel 24, a mounting seat 25, a lead screw 26, a slider 27, and a baffle 28. Inside the side wall of the protective shell 1 where the opening is formed, a storage shell 11 is fixed at the bottom. In this embodiment, the storage shell 11 is fixed to the protective shell 1 by bolts. Inside the storage shell 11, a reducer 22 is fixed by a bracket 29. The output end of the motor 21 is fixed to the reducer 22, and the motor 21 can drive the reducer 22 to rotate. The output end of the reducer 22 extends out of the bracket 29 and is fixed with a driving wheel 23. The reducer 22 drives the driving wheel 23 to rotate, and the driving wheel 23 meshes with the driven wheel 24. On the inner side wall of the protective shell 1 where the opening is formed, a mounting seat 25 is fixed along the Z-axis near the motor 21. Inside the mounting seat 25, a lead screw 26 is rotatably connected. In this embodiment, the lead screw 26 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 25 through a first bearing 20. A slider 27 is sleeved on the lead screw 26, and both sides of the slider 27 are slidably connected inside the mounting seat 25. One end of the lead screw 26 close to the driven wheel 24 extends out of the mounting seat 25 and is fixed to the driven wheel 24. The rotation of the driven wheel 24 can drive the lead screw 26 to rotate, thereby driving the slider 27 to slide along the mounting seat 25. The free side of the slider 27 is fixed with a baffle 28, and both sides of the baffle 28 are respectively slidably connected to both sides of the side wall of the protective shell 1. The slider 27 can drive the baffle 28 to move along the Z-axis to close and open the opening of the protective shell 1. Closing the opening can effectively avoid the influence of the external harsh environment on the inside of the protective shell 1. In this embodiment, the motor 21 is a stepping motor.

[0036] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the power generation mechanism 3 includes a generator 31, a second bearing 32, a first sleeve 33, a second sleeve 34, and a stabilizing frame 35. The generator 31 is fixed to the output end of the lead screw linear mechanism 4. The lead screw linear mechanism 4 can drive the generator 31 to move along the X-axis. A first sleeve 33, a second bearing 32, and a second sleeve 34 are sequentially sleeved on the connecting shaft 30 of the generator 31. The first sleeve 33 and the second sleeve 34 are used to limit the second bearing 32. A stabilizing frame 35 is sleeved on the second bearing 32. The stabilizing frame 35 is provided with a plurality of legs. In this embodiment, the stabilizing frame 35 is equally divided into three legs. The free end of each leg is rotatably connected with a runner 36 along the XZ plane. Inside the protective shell 1, a slideway 12 is opened along the X-axis near each runner 36. Each runner 36 is arranged in the slideway 12 at the corresponding position, and each runner 36 can slide along the X-axis in the slideway 12. In this embodiment, the runner 36 is made of rubber. The generator 31 is a prior art, and the connecting shaft 30 of the generator 31 can rotate. The setting of the stabilizing frame 35 can effectively reduce the radial disturbance during the rotation of the connecting shaft 30.

[0037] As Figure 1 ,Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , the blade retracting mechanism 5 includes a mounting disk 51, an adjusting assembly 52, and blades 53. The mounting disk 51 is fixed on the connecting shaft 30 by fastening bolts. A plurality of adjusting assemblies 52 are fixed on the free side of the mounting disk 51, and blades 53 are fixed on each adjusting assembly 52 by bolts. In this embodiment, three adjusting assemblies 52 and three blades 53 are respectively provided. The adjusting assembly 52 includes a lower hinge 521, an upper hinge 522, and a spring 523. The lower hinge 521 is fixed on the mounting disk 51. The upper hinge 522 is rotatably connected to the lower hinge 521. The free end of the upper hinge 522 is fixed with a blade 53 by bolts. A spring 523 is fixed between the upper hinge 522 and the side wall of the adjacent mounting disk 51. The rotation of the upper hinge 522 can drive the stretching of the spring 523. When the weather is bad, each blade 53 moves into the protection shell 1. Each blade 53 is squeezed by the opening of the protection shell 1 to drive each upper hinge 522 to rotate inwards. The rotation of each upper hinge 522 drives the corresponding spring 523 to be stretched, ensuring the contraction of each blade 53. When the weather is fine, each blade 53 moves out of the protection shell 1, and the spring 523 will slowly reset to make each blade 53 unfold.

[0038] When the environment is fine, the blades 53 are located outside the protection shell 1. The wind drives the blades 53 to rotate, and then drives the connecting shaft 30 of the generator 31 to rotate. The stabilizing frame 35 fixed on the connecting shaft 30 by the second bearing 32 can reduce the radial disturbance during the rotation of the connecting shaft 30. When the environment is bad, the controller controls the lead screw linear mechanism 4 to drive the generator 31 to move into the protection shell 1. Each blade 53 is squeezed by the protection shell 1 to drive the upper hinge 522 to rotate. The rotation of the upper hinge 522 drives the spring 523 to be stretched, ensuring the contraction of each blade 53. Finally, all the blades 53 are retracted into the protection shell 1. When the blades 53 are completely retracted into the protection shell 1, the controller starts the motor 21. The motor 21 drives the reducer 22 to rotate. The reducer 22 drives the driving wheel 23 to rotate. The driving wheel 23 drives the driven wheel 24 to rotate. The rotation of the driven wheel 24 drives the lead screw 26 to rotate, and then drives the slider 27 to slide along the mounting seat 25. The slider 27 drives the baffle 28 to move along the Z-axis to close the opening of the protection shell 1. Closing the opening can effectively avoid the influence of the external bad environment on the inside of the protection shell 1. When the environmental conditions meet the power generation conditions, the slider 27 drives the baffle 28 to move along the Z-axis to open the opening of the protection shell 1. The lead screw linear mechanism 4 drives the generator 31 to move out of the protection shell 1. Synchronously, each blade 53 moves out of the protection shell 1, and the spring 523 will slowly reset to make each blade 53 unfold, restoring the normal wind power generation state.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fan device with retractable blades, characterized in that: It comprises a protective shell (1), a power generation mechanism (3), a screw linear mechanism (4), a blade retracting mechanism (5), and a controller; An opening is provided on one side of the protective shell (1); a screw linear mechanism (4) is provided inside the protective shell (1); a power generation mechanism (3) is provided on the output end of the screw linear mechanism (4); a blade retracting mechanism (5) is provided on the input end of the power generation mechanism (3); the screw linear mechanism (4) can drive blades (53) of the blade retracting mechanism (5) to extend out of and retract into the opening of the protective shell (1); and the screw linear mechanism (4) is electrically connected to a controller.

2. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation mechanism (3) comprises a generator (31), the generator (31) is fixed on the output end of the screw linear mechanism (4), and the connecting shaft (30) of the generator (31) is fixed to the blade retracting mechanism (5).

3. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first sleeve (33), a second bearing (32), and a second sleeve (34) are sequentially sleeved on a connecting shaft (30) of the generator (31); a stabilizing frame (35) is sleeved on the second bearing (32); the stabilizing frame (35) is provided with a plurality of legs; a free end of each leg is rotatably connected to a rotating wheel (36); and each rotating wheel (36) is capable of sliding along the inner wall of the protective shell (1).

4. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating wheel (36) is made of rubber.

5. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade retracting mechanism (5) comprises a mounting plate (51), an adjusting component (52), and a blade (53); the mounting plate (51) is fixed on the input end of the power generation mechanism (3); a plurality of adjusting components (52) are fixed on the free side of the mounting plate (51); and a blade (53) is fixed on each adjusting component (52).

6. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (52) comprises a lower hinge (521), an upper hinge (522), and a spring (523); the lower hinge (521) is fixed on the mounting plate (51); the upper hinge (522) is rotatably connected to the lower hinge (521); a blade (53) is fixed to the free end of the upper hinge (522); and a spring (523) is fixed between the upper hinge (522) and an adjacent side wall of the mounting plate (51).

7. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle mechanism (2) is arranged on the opening side of the protective shell (1), and a baffle (28) of the baffle mechanism (2) can move relative to the opening of the protective shell (1) to achieve closing and opening of the opening of the protective shell (1).

8. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The baffle mechanism (2) comprises a motor (21), a reducer (22), a screw rod (26), a slider (27) and a baffle (28). The output end of the motor (21) is fixed on the reducer (22). The output end of the reducer (22) is driven by the screw rod (26) through gear meshing. The screw rod (26) is threadedly sleeved with a slider (27), and the slider (27) is fixed with the baffle (28).

9. The retractable blade fan device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The motor (21) is electrically connected to the controller.

10. A blade retracting method, characterized in that: The use of the retractable blade fan device according to claim 6 comprises the following steps: The S1 controller controls the screw linear mechanism (4) to start; The S2 screw linear mechanism (4) drives the power generation mechanism (3) and the blade retracting mechanism (5) to move into the protective shell (1); S3 Each blade (53) is squeezed by the opening of the protective shell (1) to drive each upper hinge (522) to rotate inward, and the rotation of each upper hinge (522) drives the corresponding spring (523) to be stretched until each blade (53) is retracted into the protective shell (1).

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