Optimization opening method for flood discharge gate of hydraulic power plant

Abstract

The invention provides an optimization opening method for a flood discharge gate of a hydraulic power plant, which comprises the following steps of: 1, calculating flood discharge flow, and calculating and obtaining the flood discharge flow according to a water level condition, a weather condition, a power generation condition and an equipment condition; 2, gate opening modes are calculated, different gate opening positions and gate opening numbers are distributed according to flood discharge flow, and multiple different forms of gate opening combinations capable of meeting requirements are listed; 3, gate opening heights are calculated, specifically, the opening height of each gate is calculated for each gate opening combination, and multiple different forms of gate opening height combinations capable of meeting requirements are listed; and 4, calculating an optimal gate opening mode, obtaining evaluation factors influencing the operation condition of the hydraulic power plant, setting weight parameters of the evaluation factors, evaluating each gate opening height combination under each gate opening combination, and obtaining the optimal gate opening mode. According to the method, the damage influence of flood discharge on environmental equipment can be reduced, and the optimal power generation plan is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flood discharge in hydropower plants, and particularly to an optimal opening method for flood discharge gates in hydropower plants. Background Art

[0002] When a hydropower plant discharges flood, a flood discharge flow rate is calculated according to the requirements of the superior or through data such as rainfall, water level, and power generation conditions, and flood discharge is carried out according to this flood discharge flow rate. During the flood discharge process, the flood discharge flow rate is modified according to the water level of the hydropower plant, rainfall, flood control limited water level of the reservoir, etc., and flood discharge is carried out according to the new flood discharge flow rate.

[0003] Since the flood discharge gates of hydropower plants have surface holes, middle holes, and bottom holes, there are multiple gate opening methods for a flood discharge flow rate. After determining the flood discharge flow rate, multiple gate opening methods will be formed, that is, how many surface holes to open, how many middle holes to open, and the opening height of each flood discharge gate, etc.; different gate opening methods and gate opening heights have different impacts on flood discharge, the environment, and equipment, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal gate opening method according to various influencing factors during the flood discharge process to reduce the loss impact and ensure the power generation plan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an optimal opening method for flood discharge gates in hydropower plants. By setting evaluation factors and corresponding weight parameters, each gate opening method is evaluated, and according to the evaluation results, the optimal gate opening method is finally determined, which can ensure the power generation plan during the flood discharge process and reduce the damage impact, etc.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an optimal opening method for flood discharge gates in hydropower plants is provided, including the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, calculate the flood discharge flow rate, and calculate and obtain the flood discharge flow rate according to the water level condition, weather condition, power generation condition, and equipment condition;

[0007] Step 2, calculate the gate opening method, and according to the flood discharge flow rate, allocate different gate opening positions and the number of gate openings, and list various different forms of gate opening combinations that can meet the flood discharge requirements;

[0008] Step 3, calculate the gate opening height, for each gate opening combination, calculate the opening height of each gate, and list various different forms of gate opening height combinations that can meet the flood discharge requirements;

[0009] Step 4: Calculate the optimal gate opening method, obtain the evaluation factors affecting the operation of the hydropower plant, set the weight parameters for each evaluation factor according to the influence of different evaluation factors, form an evaluation factor weight library, and evaluate each gate opening height combination under each gate opening combination to obtain the optimal gate opening method.

[0010] Preferably, in the step 4, the evaluation factors include the later weather, reservoir water level, inflow, gate status, environmental impact, and adjustment reserve.

[0011] More preferably, when determining the weight of the environmental impact, it includes the following aspects:

[0012] The flood discharge scouring situation, to determine the influence of flood discharge scouring on the bottom of the gate sill, stilling basin, and hydraulic structures under different gate opening methods;

[0013] The flood discharge vibration situation, to determine the harm degree of the vibration generated by flood discharge to the gates and related equipment and the dam body;

[0014] The flood discharge water mist situation, to determine the influence of the water mist generated by flood discharge on high-voltage equipment, switchyards, and line transmission equipment.

[0015] More preferably, when determining the weight of the adjustment reserve, factors such as the convenience and operability of the flood discharge flow adjustment work need to be considered to enable the flood discharge flow to be adjusted within a certain range.

[0016] More preferably, when determining the weight of the equipment impact, obtain the operating states of different gates and determine the influence of different gate operating states on the flood discharge demand.

[0017] More preferably, in the step 1, when the power generation conditions are met:

[0018] When the power plant is in a non-flood discharge state and the reservoir water level is high, by adjusting the power generation plan, increasing the power generation of the power plant, and reducing the reservoir water level, flood discharge can be avoided;

[0019] When the power plant is in a flood discharge state, adjust the power generation plan to full load of the power plant to ensure the maximum utilization of water resources.

[0020] More preferably, in the step 1, when the water level conditions are met:

[0021] Combined with the inflow and peak flood flow, when the power plant is in a non-flood discharge state, the real-time inflow of the hydropower plant reservoir is obtained. Combined with the reservoir water level, when the inflow is large and the available storage capacity of the reservoir is insufficient, flood discharge preparation work is carried out in a timely manner;

[0022] When the power plant is in the flood discharge state, obtain the peak flood flow of the hydropower plant reservoir, predict and correct the peak flood flow in real time, and adjust the opening mode or opening height of the flood discharge gate according to the peak flood flow.

[0023] Further preferably, in step one, before calculating the flood discharge flow, determine the flood discharge control target, and the flood discharge control target includes the reservoir water level target and the flood discharge flow target;

[0024] When taking the reservoir water level target as the flood discharge control target, calculate the flood discharge flow regularly, and adjust the gate opening mode and the gate opening height according to the calculation result, and control the reservoir water level by the change of the flood discharge flow;

[0025] When taking the flood discharge flow target as the flood discharge control target, conduct flood discharge at a fixed flood discharge flow, monitor the reservoir water level situation and the inflow discharge situation in real time, and adjust the flood discharge flow in time according to the actual operation situation.

[0026] Further preferably, in step four, for different flood discharge control targets, select corresponding influence parameters, set corresponding weight parameters for different flood discharge control targets, and set them in the same weight library. After selecting the flood discharge control target, automatically extract the corresponding evaluation factors and weight parameters to form an evaluation scheme.

[0027] Even further preferably, retain each evaluation scheme, the corresponding evaluation result, and the recorded flood discharge process, and conduct comparative analysis based on the retained data to optimize the weight parameters of different evaluation factors in real time.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] For different flood discharge control targets, select corresponding evaluation factors specifically, determine their weight parameters according to the influence degree of each evaluation factor, list different combinations of gate opening modes after calculating the flood discharge flow, list different combinations of gate opening heights for each combination of gate opening modes, form corresponding evaluation schemes for each different combination of gate opening heights, obtain the evaluation results of each combination of gate opening heights, and obtain the optimal gate opening mode according to the evaluation results, which can optimize the influence after the gate opening in many aspects, ensure the power generation plan, and reduce the impact on the equipment environment, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is an optimal opening method for the flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides the following technical solution: An optimal opening method for flood discharge gates of a hydropower plant, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, calculate the flood discharge flow. Before calculating the flood discharge flow, determine the flood discharge control target, and the flood discharge control target is the reservoir water level target or the flood discharge flow target;

[0034] When the reservoir water level target is the flood discharge control target, calculate the flood discharge flow regularly, and adjust the gate opening method and the gate opening height according to the calculation results, and control the reservoir water level through the change of the flood discharge flow; in this case, it is necessary to monitor the reservoir water level, monitor the flood discharge flow and the inflow flow in real time, and monitor the rainfall to prevent large fluctuations in the reservoir water level caused by excessive rainfall;

[0035] When the flood discharge flow target is the flood discharge control target, conduct flood discharge at a fixed flood discharge flow, monitor the reservoir water level situation and the inflow flow situation in real time, and adjust the flood discharge flow in time according to the actual operation situation;

[0036] Calculate and obtain the flood discharge flow according to the water level conditions, weather conditions, power generation conditions, and equipment conditions;

[0037] When the water level conditions are met, the direct factors include the reservoir water level and the normal water level; the reservoir water level has a greater impact on the flood discharge work, and the height difference between the current water level and the normal operating water level or the flood limit water level affects the flood discharge work of the reservoir. When calculating the flood discharge flow, it is necessary to make the water level of the reservoir below the normal water level; the indirect factors include the inflow flow and the peak flood flow. Combine the inflow flow and the peak flood flow, and combine the reservoir water level to obtain the available storage capacity of the reservoir, so that the calculated flood discharge flow can enable the reservoir to have a normal available storage capacity;

[0038] When the weather conditions are met, it is necessary to consider the rainfall factor. According to the current rainfall combined with the current water level conditions, analyze the impact degree on the reservoir water level, obtain the change trend and speed of the current reservoir water level, and combine the later weather conditions to predict the change trend and speed of the subsequent reservoir water level, so that the calculated flood discharge flow meets the flood discharge requirements for a certain period of time at present and in the later stage;

[0039] When the power generation conditions are met, make the calculated flood discharge flow be able to meet the power generation plan to the greatest extent and make the best use of water resources; when the power plant is in a non-flood discharge state, when the reservoir water level is high, adjust the power generation plan to increase the power generation of the power plant and reduce the reservoir water level to avoid flood discharge; when the power plant is in a flood discharge state, adjust the power generation plan to full load of the power plant to ensure the best use of water resources;

[0040] When the device conditions are met, promptly obtain the operating status of each gate to obtain the normal range of adjustable flood discharge flow, so that the calculated flood discharge flow is within this normal range;

[0041] Step 2: Calculate the gate opening method. According to the flood discharge flow, allocate different gate opening positions and the number of opened gates, and list various different forms of gate opening combinations that can meet the flood discharge requirements. Generally, the gates are arranged vertically along the dam body. The gates of the surface outlets are located at the top, the gates of the middle outlets are in the middle, and the gates of the deep outlets are at the bottom. After different flood discharge gates are opened, the flood discharge flows are different, and the impacts on the upstream and downstream stilling basins are different. After calculating the flood discharge flow, a certain flood discharge flow can correspond to multiple different gate opening combinations, and all gate opening combinations need to be listed and recorded;

[0042] Step 3: Calculate the gate opening height. For each gate opening combination, calculate the opening height of each gate, and list various different forms of gate opening height combinations that can meet the flood discharge requirements. Different gates are involved in the gate opening combination, and the opening height of each gate is adjustable. All gate opening height combinations need to be listed and recorded;

[0043] Step 4: Calculate the optimal gate opening method. Obtain the evaluation factors that affect the operation of the hydropower plant. The evaluation factors include the later weather, reservoir water level, inflow, gate status, environmental impact, and adjustment reserve;

[0044] The later weather includes the later rainfall situation. The magnitude of the later flood discharge flow and the later rainfall will affect the magnitude of the flood discharge flow;

[0045] The reservoir water level includes the reservoir operating water level, the range of reservoir water level variation, and the water level rising situation, which affect the start and stop of the flood discharge work and the change of the flood discharge flow;

[0046] The inflow will have a short-term impact on the reservoir water level, affecting the staff's analysis of the rising trend of the reservoir water level, and then affecting the flood discharge work, especially when the short-term inflow is relatively large;

[0047] The gate status will directly affect the flow rate of the gate. According to the gate operating status, predict the later operating status of the gate and determine its weight parameter;

[0048] The environmental impact includes the scouring impact, vibration impact, and water mist impact generated during the flood discharge process. Among them: for the flood discharge scouring situation, determine the impact of flood discharge scouring on the gate bottom, stilling basin, and hydraulic structures under different gate opening methods; for the flood discharge vibration situation, determine the harm degree of the vibration generated by the flood discharge to the gate and related equipment and the dam body; for the flood discharge water mist situation, determine the impact of the water mist generated by the flood discharge on the high-voltage equipment, switchyard, and line transmission equipment, and determine its weight parameter according to the impact degree;

[0049] Adjust the reserve. After the flood discharge work starts, it is necessary to adjust the flood discharge flow according to the reservoir water level and rainfall conditions. Considering factors such as the convenience and operability of the flood discharge flow adjustment work, it is necessary to fully consider the flood discharge method, so that the flood discharge flow can be adjusted within a large range;

[0050] And for the influence of different evaluation factors, for different flood discharge control objectives respectively, determine the evaluation factors under the flood discharge control objectives, set the weight parameters of each evaluation factor according to the influence degree of each evaluation factor, and form an evaluation factor weight library with the above determined weight parameters of the evaluation factors. After selecting the flood discharge control objective, automatically extract the corresponding evaluation factors and weight parameters to form an evaluation plan, evaluate each gate opening height combination under each gate opening combination, compare and analyze the evaluation results, and obtain the optimal gate opening method;

[0051] After obtaining the optimal gate opening method, operate the flood discharge gates according to the optimal plan. During the flood discharge process, monitor and record the situation of the flood discharge process. At the same time, comprehensively monitor and record the gate opening method, the operation of the gates and related equipment. According to the real-time monitoring information, update the optimal gate opening method, and compare it with the real-time gate opening method. According to the comparison result, determine whether to adjust the gate opening method;

[0052] Retain each evaluation plan, the corresponding evaluation results, and the recorded flood discharge process, and compare and analyze according to the retained data to optimize the weight parameters of different evaluation factors in real time.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not restrictive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Calculate the flood discharge flow rate, and obtain the flood discharge flow rate based on water level conditions, weather conditions, power generation conditions, and equipment conditions; Step 2: Calculate the gate opening mode, allocate different gate opening positions and gate opening quantities according to the flood discharge, and list various gate opening combinations that can meet the flood discharge requirements; Step 3: Calculate the gate opening height. For each gate opening combination, calculate the opening height of each gate, and list various gate opening height combinations that can meet the flood discharge requirements. Step 4: Calculate the optimal gate opening method, obtain the evaluation factors that affect the operation of the hydropower plant, and set the weight parameters of each evaluation factor according to the impact of different evaluation factors to form an evaluation factor weight library. Evaluate each gate opening height combination under each gate opening combination to obtain the optimal gate opening method.

2. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the evaluation factors include future weather, reservoir water level, inflow, gate status, environmental impact, and adjustment reserve.

3. The optimal opening method for a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: When determining the weight of the environmental impact, the following aspects are included: Flood discharge scouring conditions: determine the impact of flood discharge scouring on gate sills, energy dissipation pools, and hydraulic structures under different gate opening modes; Flood discharge vibration situation, determine the degree of damage caused by the vibration of flood discharge to the gate and related equipment and dam body; Flood discharge fog conditions, determine the impact of water mist generated by flood discharge on high-voltage equipment, switch stations, and line transmission equipment.

4. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: When determining the weight of the regulation reserve, factors such as the convenience and operability of the flood discharge flow adjustment work must be taken into account so that the flood discharge flow can be adjusted within a certain range.

5. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: When determining the weight of the equipment impact, the operating status of different gates is obtained, and the impact of different gate operating status on flood discharge demand is determined.

6. A method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, when the power generation conditions are met: When the power plant is in a non-flood discharge state, when the reservoir water level is high, flood discharge can be avoided by adjusting the power generation plan, increasing the power plant's power generation, and lowering the reservoir water level; When the power plant is in a flood discharge state, the power generation plan is adjusted to fully utilize the power plant to ensure maximum utilization of water resources.

7. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1, when the water level condition is met: Combined with the inflow and peak flow, when the power plant is in a non-discharge state, the inflow of the hydropower plant reservoir is obtained in real time. Combined with the reservoir water level, when the inflow is large and the reservoir storage capacity is insufficient, flood discharge preparations are carried out in a timely manner; When the power plant is in the flood discharge state, the peak flow of the hydropower plant reservoir is obtained, and the peak flow is predicted and corrected in real time. The opening mode or opening height of the flood discharge gate is adjusted according to the peak flow.

8. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 1, before calculating the flood discharge, a flood discharge control target is determined, wherein the flood discharge control target includes a reservoir water level target and a flood discharge target; When the reservoir water level target is used as the flood discharge control target, the flood discharge flow is calculated regularly, and the gate opening method and gate opening height are adjusted according to the calculation results to control the reservoir water level through the change of flood discharge flow; When the flood discharge flow target is used as the flood discharge control target, flood discharge is carried out at a fixed flood discharge flow, the reservoir water level and inflow flow are monitored in real time, and the flood discharge flow is adjusted in time according to the actual operating conditions.

9. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 4, corresponding influencing parameters are selected for different flood discharge control targets, and corresponding weight parameters are set for different flood discharge control targets, and are set in the same weight library. After the flood discharge control target is selected, the corresponding evaluation factors and weight parameters are automatically extracted to form an evaluation plan.

10. The method for optimizing the opening of a flood discharge gate of a hydropower plant according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each evaluation plan, the corresponding evaluation results, and the corresponding recorded flood discharge process are retained, and based on comparative analysis of the retained data, the weight parameters of different evaluation factors are optimized in real time.

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