Electric heating system of ship

Abstract

According to the electric heating system of the ship, an existing power supply line serves as a communication medium, the operation condition of a heating element is transmitted to the upper-level power line carrier unit through the power line carrier communication technology, and then the upper-level power line carrier unit is connected to an existing centralized monitoring center. Compared with a common electric heating system, on the basis of almost not increasing extra cable wiring and not changing existing system equipment composition, only a certain number of power line carrier units and control units need to be added, an existing equipment power supply network and a centralized monitoring center are utilized, and the electric heating efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the electric heating equipment can be automatically turned on or turned off or the required heating temperature can be automatically adjusted according to the working environment temperature, an alarm can be automatically sent to related systems of the whole ship, an operation log or an overhaul report of the electric heating system can be automatically generated, the electric heating system of the whole ship can be visually and interactively managed, and a large amount of daily inspection is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship communication control, and in particular to an electric heating system of a ship. Background Art

[0002] According to the relevant specifications for ships sailing in ice areas, seabed doors, air inlets, oil and water tanks partially or completely exposed above the waterline of the ice belt, living quarters, service quarters, machinery quarters, superstructure outer windows, outer doors, escape routes, open-air equipment, open-air pipelines, etc. all need to have anti-icing and de-icing measures. Combined with the ice class symbol and ship classification symbol, as well as the number of anti-icing objects and the minimum design temperature requirements for equipment, an electric heating system is usually equipped, which is mainly composed of an electric heating transformer, an electric heating distribution board, an electric heater distribution box, a temperature sensor, electric heating, an electric heater, an electric heating canvas cover, etc., to ensure that the ship and its equipment and systems have the ability to operate in a low temperature environment.

[0003] For self-destructing ships sailing in polar regions, electric heating and electric heat tracing are used in more and more objects and in a wider range, and the operating environment is relatively harsh. In order to ensure navigation safety and personnel safety, and as the shipowner's cost awareness and energy-saving and environmental protection awareness are getting stronger, the daily operation and maintenance costs of the electric heating system are increasing.

[0004] Conventional electric heating systems cannot remotely control and view the operating status of related heating equipment of the electric heating system, let alone issue related alarms or automatically adjust the protective temperature of the equipment. Electric heating or electric heat tracing requires on-site switching, operation and maintenance, and often requires active discovery, which often results in late discovery of faults, making repairs and maintenance more difficult. If remote viewing and control capabilities are required, it is necessary to purchase terminal equipment with communication functions, network the equipment with distribution boxes or control stations through cable wiring, and equip several remote control panels or workstations, which invisibly greatly increases system costs and daily operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an electric heating system, which utilizes the existing equipment power supply network or system without rewiring or changing the composition of the existing equipment, reduces the signal cables or communication cables between the load control boxes or distribution boxes, and utilizes the power carrier module to transmit analog and digital signals to the existing system at high speed through the carrier mode and network, so as to realize remote monitoring and control of the electric heating system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides an electric heating system for a ship, the electric heating system comprising:

[0007] Power supply bus;

[0008] The incoming line terminal of the electric heating distribution board is connected to the power supply bus through a power cable, and the outgoing line terminal of the electric heating distribution board is connected to the incoming line terminal of the heater distribution box through a power cable; the first power carrier unit is installed in the electric heating distribution board and electrically connected to the power cable between the electric heating distribution board and the power supply bus;

[0009] The outgoing line terminal of the heater distribution box is connected with heating elements through a power cable, and each of the heating elements connected to the heater distribution box is equipped with a control unit, a temperature sensor and a second power carrier unit;

[0010] The second power carrier unit uses power line carrier communication technology to transmit the operation data of the supporting heating elements and temperature sensors to the first power carrier unit through the power cable, and the first power carrier unit transmits the operation data to the centralized monitoring center through a communication cable; at the same time, the control signal from the centralized monitoring center can be transmitted reversely to the second power carrier unit, and the second power carrier unit transmits the control signal to the control unit to control the operation of the heating elements.

[0011] Optionally, an electric heating transformer is also installed on the power cable between the incoming line terminal of the electric heating distribution board and the power supply bus.

[0012] Optionally, the heating elements include electric heaters, electric tracing, electric heating canvas covers, and heating air pipe heads.

[0013] Optionally, the electric heating system further includes an electric heating load control box. The incoming line terminal of the electric heating load control box is connected to the outgoing line terminal of the electric heating distribution board or to the power cable between the heater distribution box and the electric heating distribution board through a power cable equipped with a third power carrier unit; the electric heating load control box is equipped with a control unit and a temperature sensor itself.

[0014] Optionally, the outgoing line terminal of the electric heating load control box is also connected with heating elements; the third power carrier unit uses power line carrier communication technology to transmit the operation data of the connected heating elements and temperature sensors to the first power carrier unit through the power cable, and the first power carrier unit transmits the operation data to the centralized monitoring center through a communication cable; at the same time, the control signal from the centralized monitoring center can be transmitted reversely to the third power carrier unit, and the third power carrier unit transmits the control signal to the electric heating load control box to control the operation of the heating elements.

[0015] Optionally, the centralized monitoring center communicates with the ship local area network through a firewall, so that the electric heating system can be monitored, controlled and other operations and management can be carried out on all authorized computers in the whole ship local area network.

[0016] Optionally, the electric heating system is distributed in the bow area, midship area, and stern area of the ship; each area is equipped with an electric heating distribution board and a heater distribution box.

[0017] Optionally, the electric heating protection items in the bow area include: escape hatch, inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, open socket protection box, open control box, downspout, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door.

[0018] Optionally, the electric heating protection items in the midship area include: inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, open socket protection box, open control box, downspout, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door.

[0019] Optionally, the electric heating protection items in the stern area include: escape hatch, inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, open socket protection box, open control box, downspout, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door, wooden decking, mushroom ventilator.

[0020] As described above, the present invention provides an electric heating system for a ship. This electric heating system uses the existing power supply line as a communication medium and adopts power line carrier communication technology to transmit the operating conditions of the heating elements to the upper-level power line carrier unit, and then the upper-level power line carrier unit is connected to the existing centralized monitoring center, so as to communicate and share the information, control instructions, etc. collected by the electric heating system with the centralized monitoring center, thereby expanding the information collection, system control, and system monitoring of the electric heating system to the centralized monitoring center, without the need to additionally equip an electric heating system control station, workstation, interactive software system, etc.

[0021] Compared with the usual electric heating system by adding a communication module and networking, this system can reduce the cable wiring by about 20%. Compared with the usual electric heating system, this system can achieve almost no additional cable wiring and no change in the composition of the existing system equipment. On this basis, only a certain number of power line carrier units and control units need to be added. By using the existing equipment power supply network and centralized monitoring center, the electric heating equipment can be automatically switched on or off according to the working environment temperature or the heating temperature can be automatically adjusted, an alarm can be automatically sent to the relevant systems of the whole ship, an operation log or maintenance report of the electric heating system can be automatically generated, etc., and the electric heating system of the whole ship can be visually and interactively managed, reducing a large number of daily inspections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It shows a connection schematic diagram of the electric heating system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It shows as Figure 1 an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in

[0024] Figure 3Shown is another connection schematic diagram of the electric heating system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Shown as Figure 3 an enlarged schematic diagram of Region B in

[0026] Description of Component Labels

[0027] Power supply bus 100; communication cable 200; centralized monitoring center 10; electric heating transformer 11; electric heating distribution board 12; first power carrier unit 13; heater distribution box 14; third power carrier unit 15; electric heating load control box 16; control unit 21; temperature sensor 22; second power carrier unit 23. Specific Embodiments

[0028] The following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the drawings provided in this embodiment only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The types, quantities, and proportions of the components in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, this embodiment provides an electric heating system for a ship, which specifically includes:

[0032] Power supply bus 100;

[0033] The incoming line end of the electric heating distribution board 12 is connected to the power supply bus 100 through a power cable (power cable), and the outgoing line end of the electric heating distribution board 12 is connected to the incoming line end of the heater distribution box 14 through a power cable; the first power carrier unit 13 is embedded in the electric heating distribution board 12 and electrically connected to the power cable between the electric heating distribution board 12 and the power supply bus 100. An electric heating transformer 11 is also installed on the power cable between the incoming line end of the electric heating distribution board 12 and the power supply bus 100.

[0034] The outgoing line end of the heater distribution box 14 is connected to a heating element through a power cable. The heating element includes any one of an electric heater (such as a heating rod, heating wire), electric tracing, an electric heating canvas cover, and a heating air pipe head. Each heating element connected to the heater distribution box 14 is equipped with a control unit 21, a temperature sensor 22, and a second power line carrier unit 23. The control unit 21 is used to control the operating state of the heating element to achieve the required heating temperature.

[0035] The second power line carrier unit 23 uses power line communication technology to transmit the operating data of the supporting heating element and temperature sensor to the first power line carrier unit 13 through the power cable. The first power line carrier unit 13 transmits the operating data to the centralized monitoring center 10 through a communication cable 200 (dashed line in the figure); at the same time, the control signal from the centralized monitoring center 10 can be transmitted reversely to the second power line carrier unit 23, and the second power line carrier unit 23 transmits the control signal to the control unit, thereby controlling the operation of the heating element.

[0036] Specifically, the power line communication technology PLC (Power line Communication) refers to a communication method that uses the existing power line to transmit data and voice signals. The principle is to modulate analog or digital signals in ways such as PSK or OFDM through a carrier method, and then couple the modulated signal to the power line for transmission. Only a power line carrier unit needs to be installed, without the need for re-wiring or changing the existing equipment composition.

[0037] In this embodiment, the existing power supply line is used as the communication medium, and the power line communication technology is adopted to transmit the operating conditions of on-site electric heaters or other heating elements to the upper-level power line carrier unit, and then the upper-level power line carrier unit is connected to the existing centralized monitoring center (including signal acquisition stations, workstations). The centralized monitoring center is an existing equipped system on the ship. According to the complexity of the ship and the automation control level, this system is equipped with several signal acquisition stations and several workstations, and has the ability to communicate and control with other external systems (including ship end or shore end). This embodiment communicates and shares the information, control instructions, etc. collected by the electric heating system with the centralized monitoring center, thereby expanding the information collection, system control, and system monitoring of the electric heating system to the centralized monitoring center, without the need to additionally equip an electric heating system control station, workstation, interactive software system, etc.

[0038] Through the centralized processing capacity of the centralized monitoring center, according to the ambient temperature and the minimum design temperature of the equipment, the electric heating temperature is automatically set, the electric heating system is remotely monitored, the operating status of electric heaters, electric tracing, etc. is displayed in real time, as well as operations such as remote switching, and relevant information is automatically alarmed and recorded. For the operating status or data of the heating elements, they can be saved in real time in the workstations of the centralized monitoring center or sent and saved to a specified location.

[0039] Further, the electric heating system further includes an electric heating load control box 16, and the incoming line end of the electric heating load control box 16 is connected to the outgoing line end of the electric heating distribution board 12 through a power cable equipped with a third power carrier unit 15 (as Figure 3 shown) or connected to the power cable between the heater distribution box 14 and the electric heating distribution board 12 (as Figure 1 shown).

[0040] The outgoing line end of the electric heating load control box 16 can also be connected with heating elements, as Figure 4 shown. The heating elements include any one of electric heaters (such as heating rods, heating wires), electric tracing, electric heating canvas covers, heating air pipe heads, etc. Since the electric heating load control box itself is equipped with a control unit and a temperature sensor, it has an automatic control function and can control the connected heating elements. Therefore, different from the heater distribution box, there is no need to add additional control units and temperature sensors to each heating element.

[0041] Similarly, the third power carrier unit 15 also adopts power carrier communication technology to transmit the operating data of the connected heating elements and temperature sensors to the first power carrier unit through the power cable, and the first power carrier unit transmits the operating data to the centralized monitoring center through the communication cable; at the same time, the control signal from the centralized monitoring center can be transmitted reversely to the third power carrier unit, and the third power carrier unit transmits the control signal to the electric heating load control box to control the operation of the heating elements.

[0042] It should be noted that the distribution box is mainly used for power distribution, dividing the main power supply into multiple branches to supply different heating elements, and includes protection devices such as circuit breakers and fuses. The load control box is used to monitor and manage the power load and optimize the power use, including sensors, controllers, relays, etc., and it itself has an automatic control function to achieve the control of the heating elements.

[0043] In this embodiment, after the power line carrier unit installed in the heater distribution box establishes communication with external monitoring systems such as the centralized monitoring center, all control stations (workstations) in the centralized monitoring center can control the heating elements connected to the power line carrier unit. Therefore, the electric heating load control box can be selected as an option. That is to say, all heating elements can be installed in the heater distribution box, and the electric heating load control box is an optional equipment, thus reducing the transformation cost.

[0044] Furthermore, the centralized monitoring center communicates with the ship's local area network through a firewall, so that operations and management such as monitoring and controlling the electric heating system can be carried out on all authorized computers in the ship's local area network. Similarly, the shore section can authorize VAST to access the local area network through the firewall and monitor, control and other operations and management of the electric heating system by accessing the centralized monitoring center.

[0045] Furthermore, the electric heating system is distributed in three major areas of the ship, namely the bow area, the midship area, and the stern area. Each area is equipped with an electric heating distribution board and a heater distribution box.

[0046] Taking an icebreaker as an example, among them, the items that need electric heating protection at the bow include: escape hatch cover, inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, open socket protection box, open control box, downspout, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door, etc. The equipment required for electric heating in the bow area includes electric heating transformer, electric heating distribution board, end electric heating distribution box, cabin electric heater distribution box, electric heater, electric heating load control box, electric tracing, electric heating canvas cover, heating air pipe head, temperature sensor, etc.

[0047] The items that need electric heating protection in the midship include: inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, open socket protection box, open control box, downspout, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door, etc. The equipment required for electric heating in the midship area includes electric heating transformer, electric heating distribution board, electric heating glass distribution box, defrosting device electric control box, electric heater, electric heating load control box, electric tracing, electric heating canvas cover, heating air pipe head, temperature sensor, etc.

[0048] The items that need electric heating protection at the stern include: escape hatch cover, inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, open socket protection box, open control box, downspout, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door, wooden decking, mushroom ventilation duct, etc. The equipment required for electric heating in the stern area includes electric heating transformer, electric heating distribution board, end electric heating distribution box, defrosting device electric control box, electric heating, electric heating load control box, electric tracing, electric heating canvas cover, heating air pipe head, temperature sensor, etc.

[0049] In summary, the present invention provides an electric heating system for a ship. This electric heating system uses the existing power supply line as a communication medium and adopts power line carrier communication technology to transmit the operating conditions of the heating elements to the upper-level power line carrier unit, and then the upper-level power line carrier unit is connected to the existing centralized monitoring center, so as to communicate and share the information, control instructions, etc. collected by the electric heating system with the centralized monitoring center, thereby expanding the information collection, system control, and system monitoring of the electric heating system to the centralized monitoring center, without the need to additionally equip an electric heating system control station, workstation, interactive software system, etc.

[0050] Compared with the usual electric heating system by adding a communication module and networking, this system can reduce the cable wiring by about 20%. Compared with the usual electric heating system, this system can achieve almost no additional cable wiring and no change in the composition of the existing system equipment. On this basis, only a certain number of power line carrier units and control units need to be added, and by using the existing equipment power supply network and centralized monitoring center, the electric heating equipment can be automatically switched on or off according to the working environment temperature or the required heating temperature can be automatically adjusted, an alarm can be automatically sent to relevant systems throughout the ship, an operation log or maintenance report of the electric heating system can be automatically generated, etc., and the electric heating system of the whole ship can be managed visually and interactively, reducing a large number of daily inspections.

[0051] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric heating system for a ship, characterized in that: The electric heating system comprises: Power supply bus; The incoming line end of the electric heating distribution board is connected to the power supply bus through a power cable, and the outgoing line end of the electric heating distribution board is connected to the incoming line end of the heater distribution box through a power cable; the first power carrier unit is embedded in the electric heating distribution board and electrically connected to the power cable between the electric heating distribution board and the power supply bus; The outlet end of the heater distribution box is connected to a heating element via a power cable, and each of the heating elements connected to the heater distribution box is equipped with a control unit, a temperature sensor and a second power carrier unit; The second power carrier unit adopts power carrier communication technology to transmit the operating data of the matching heating element and temperature sensor to the first power carrier unit through the power cable, and the first power carrier unit transmits the operating data to the centralized monitoring center through the communication cable; at the same time, the control signal from the centralized monitoring center can be transmitted back to the second power carrier unit, and the second power carrier unit transmits the control signal to the control unit, thereby controlling the operation of the heating element.

2. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power cable between the incoming line end of the electric heating distribution board and the power supply bus is also equipped with an electric heating transformer.

3. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heating elements include electric heaters, electric heat tracing, electric heated canvas covers, and heated air pipe heads.

4. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating system also includes an electric heating load control box, the incoming line end of the electric heating load control box is connected to the outgoing line end of the electric heating distribution board or to the power cable between the heater distribution box and the electric heating distribution board through a power cable equipped with a third power carrier unit; the electric heating load control box itself is equipped with a control unit and a temperature sensor.

5. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet end of the electric heating load control box is also connected to a heating element; the third power carrier unit adopts power carrier communication technology to transmit the operating data of the connected heating element and temperature sensor to the first power carrier unit through a power cable, and the first power carrier unit transmits the operating data to a centralized monitoring center through a communication cable; at the same time, the control signal from the centralized monitoring center can be transmitted in reverse to the third power carrier unit, and the third power carrier unit transmits the control signal to the electric heating load control box, thereby controlling the operation of the heating element.

6. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centralized monitoring center communicates with the ship's local area network through a firewall, so that the electric heating system can be monitored, controlled, and managed on all authorized computers in the ship's local area network.

7. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating system is distributed in the bow area, the midship area and the stern area of ​​the ship; each area is equipped with an electric heating distribution board and a heater distribution box.

8. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating protection items in the bow area include: escape hatch, inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, outdoor socket protection box, outdoor control box, downpipe, fire hydrant, and steel weathertight door.

9. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electric heating protection items in the midship area include: inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, outdoor socket protection box, outdoor control box, downpipe, fire hydrant, and steel weathertight doors.

10. The electric heating system for a ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electric heating protection items in the stern area include: escape hatch, inclined ladder steps, inclined ladder handrails, outdoor socket protection box, outdoor control box, downpipe, fire hydrant, steel weathertight door, wooden planks, and mushroom-shaped ventilators.

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