Tailing material flow distribution regulation and control method and mine production system

Abstract

The invention discloses a tailing material flow distribution regulation and control method and a mine production system, the tailing material flow distribution regulation and control method is applied to a tailing treatment system, the tailing material flow distribution regulation and control system comprises a thickener unit and a distribution mechanism, the thickener unit comprises a main treatment area and an adjusting area, at least one thickener is arranged in the main treatment area, and at least one thickener is arranged in the adjusting area; the distribution mechanism is respectively connected with the feeding pipe and each thickener and is used for distributing slurry to each thickener according to a preset program; each thickener is provided with a low material level and a high material level; the distribution regulation and control method comprises the following steps: collecting the flow and density of tailing slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism; the distribution mechanism distributes the slurry by taking the main treatment area as a high priority according to the flow and density of the tailing slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism, and the thickener receiving the tailings performs flocculating settling on the tailing slurry; collecting the material level in the thickener in the working state, and if it is monitored that the material level of the thickener is overloaded, controlling the overloaded thickener to stop feeding sand; if the material level of the dense layer in the thickener is detected to be higher than the low material level, the corresponding thickener discharges sand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tailings-free mine production, and in particular, to a method for regulating and controlling the distribution of tailings material flow. In addition, the present invention also relates to a mine production system including the above-mentioned method for regulating and controlling the distribution of tailings material flow. Background Art

[0002] Due to more stringent requirements in terms of mine environmental protection and safety, the total amount of tailing ponds is only decreasing and not increasing, and it is almost impossible to newly approve and construct tailing ponds. Currently, a large number of mines are facing the problem that the storage capacity of tailing ponds is about to be exhausted, that is, in the future, a large number of mines will become tailings-free mines. The treatment of tailings is a difficult problem, so the buffer storage of tailings flow will become more important. Especially in mines where mining and filling can be balanced, all tailings must be used for underground filling, and the buffer storage of tailings becomes particularly important. In addition, the natural endowment of domestic regional mineral resources is generally poor, and the grade of raw ore is low. In order to more efficiently improve the beneficiation recovery rate and achieve efficient and green recovery, the ore must be ground finer to provide a better basis for beneficiation. Therefore, the tailings after beneficiation in domestic mines are generally finer, and there are many mines with extremely fine tailings. During the process of filling underground or backfilling open pits with extremely fine tailings, conventional thickening equipment and processes will face certain challenges in tailings thickening, paste preparation, and solidification. The difficulty of tailings disposal is large and the effect is poor. Currently, the technical route for disposing of extremely fine tailings in tailings-free mines is usually: filling new and old underground voids or open pits with low-cost solidification backfill. If there is still remaining, the rest can only be used for building material utilization.

[0003] In order to achieve low-cost solidification of extremely fine tailings paste and improve the mine production organization and coordination ability in the context of tailings-free mines, and realize the full utilization of tailings (underground filling or open pit backfilling), the key lies in the efficient thickening and paste preparation of extremely fine tailings, the regulation and control of the system production of tailings-free mines, and low-cost solidification. The conventional technologies for preparing extremely fine tailings paste in the prior art include: 1) Press filtration of extremely fine tailings + thickening of extremely fine tailings. Part of the incoming material from the concentrator is thickened by an ordinary high-efficiency thickener and then press-filtered into filter cakes (dehydrated to 70%), and the other part enters a conventional deep-cone thickener to be thickened to a medium concentration (about 50%). Finally, the two parts of the material are mixed and stirred to prepare paste. If production needs to be adjusted and the deep-cone thickener cannot be pressed and raked, all the tailings will enter the press filtration system for press filtration. This process has many technical links, is complex, has very high investment and costs, and occupies a large area; 2) Ultra-fine tailings thickening + crushed waste rock. The ultra-fine tailings are pumped into a deep-cone thickener for all-treatment and concentrated to a certain concentration (usually 50% - 55%), then enter the mixing system. At the other end, crushed waste rock enters the mixing system simultaneously. After the two are mixed, a paste is prepared. If production adjustment is required and the deep-cone thickener cannot be allowed to press the rake, a filter press system often needs to be built. This process often has large investment and costs, greatly reduces the tailings treatment volume, and also has a large floor area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for regulating the distribution of tailings material flow and a mine production system to solve the technical problems of high cost of ultra-fine tailings treatment, poor storage capacity, poor stability of production concentration, and poor regulation ability in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for regulating the distribution of tailings material flow, which is applied to a tailings treatment system. The tailings treatment system includes a thickening unit group and a distribution mechanism. The thickening unit group includes a main treatment area and an adjustment area. At least one thickener is arranged in the main treatment area, and at least one thickener is arranged in the adjustment area. The distribution mechanism is respectively connected to a feed pipe and each thickener, and is used to distribute slurry to each thickener according to a preset program. Each thickener is provided with a critical low level and a critical high level. The distribution regulation method includes: S1. Collect the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism. S2. The distribution mechanism distributes the slurry to the thickener with the main treatment area as the high-priority according to the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism, and the thickener receiving the tailings performs flocculation sedimentation on the tailings slurry. S3. Collect the level data in the thickener in the working state in real time or at intervals of a preset time. If it is detected that the level of the thickener is overloaded, control the thickener with the overloaded level to stop sand intake. If it is detected that the level of the compacted layer in the thickener is higher than the critical low level, the corresponding thickener discharges sand.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the tailings treatment system further includes a chemical dosing device, and the distribution regulation method further includes: The chemical dosing device matches the feeding amount according to the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry collected in step S1.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the distribution regulation method further includes: the chemical dosing device inputs a flocculant into the distribution mechanism according to the matched feeding amount.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the distribution mechanism is respectively connected to each thickener through a branch pipe, and the chemical dosing device is respectively connected to each thickener or connected to each branch pipe. The distribution regulation method further includes: The dosing device is connected to each thickener in the working state in sequence, so that the dosing device inputs flocculant into each thickener in the working state according to the matching feeding amount in sequence; Alternatively, electric control valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines between the dosing device and each thickener: the distribution control method further includes: respectively controlling the opening degree or opening and closing state of each electric control valve to control the amount of medicine input into each thickener in the working state.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the distribution control method further includes: S4. Collect the paste concentration and flow value prepared by the thickener in the working state, and control the sand discharge flow of the corresponding thickener according to the paste flow value; S5. Judge whether the paste concentration meets the requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, stop sand discharging or connect the discharge end of the current thickener to the thickener in the adjustment area for further concentration.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the tailings treatment system includes ultrasonic detectors arranged at the bottom of each thickener, which are used to detect the distribution of the dense layer and / or the compression layer and / or the settlement layer and / or the clear water layer.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the distribution control method further includes: Predict the qualified paste flow according to the thickener size parameters and the dense layer material level height collected in step S3 and according to the relationship between the dense layer height and the concentration; Step S4 further includes: Judge whether the sand discharge concentration meets the requirements according to the predicted qualified paste flow.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, when judging whether the paste concentration meets the requirements, step S5 further includes: judging whether the fluctuation of the sand discharge concentration is ≥4%. If so, the sand discharge concentration does not meet the requirements, stop sand discharging or connect the discharge end of the current thickener to the thickener in the adjustment area for further concentration. If not, the sand discharge concentration meets the requirements.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, it further includes step S6: record and sort out the working indexes of each thickener, and the working indexes include filling concentration, filling flow and tailings consumption.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a mine production system is further provided, which includes the above-mentioned tailings material flow distribution control method.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present tailings material flow distribution regulation method builds a group of thickeners based on thickeners, and separately plans and arranges a main treatment area and an adjustment area. The thickeners in the main treatment area are used for conventional tailings concentration and paste preparation. Under conditions such as a sudden increase in tailings feed, partial equipment failure in the main treatment area, unqualified treatment concentration in the main treatment area, and the need for further static storage, the tailings are pumped to the adjustment area for further concentration treatment or static storage, greatly improving the storage capacity, redundancy, and stability of the system and effectively ensuring the concentration. Further, a distribution mechanism is set to dissipate the energy of the slurry pumped from the concentrator plant, changing the slurry from turbulent flow to laminar flow, and the incoming material can be distributed through the distribution mechanism. This method collects the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry when pumping the slurry from the system to the distribution mechanism, and distributes the slurry to the thickeners with the main treatment area as the high priority according to the flow rate and density of the pumped tailings slurry. That is, according to the processing capacity of the thickeners, when the current thickener can process the incoming material with the current flow rate and concentration, it is transported to this thickener for treatment. When the amount of incoming slurry is too large or the concentration is too high, it can be distributed to multiple thickeners in the main treatment area for concentration, alleviating the problem of the processing difficulty of a single thickener for the tailings slurry, ensuring the clarification of the overflow return water, matching the production requirements, and reasonably controlling the energy consumption; by monitoring the material level of the working thickeners, when it is detected that the material level of the dense layer in the thickener is higher than the critical low material level, the corresponding thickener can discharge sand. Similarly, when it is detected that the material level of the dense layer in the thickener is lower than the critical low material level, the sand discharge is stopped, and the sand discharge is switched to other thickeners that meet the sand discharge conditions. If the material levels of all thickeners are all low to the critical low material level, the system as a whole stops discharging sand. When it is monitored that the material level of the thickener is overloaded, the thickener with the overloaded material level is controlled to stop feeding sand, and the distribution mechanism stops transporting tailings to this thickener, and the slurry is distributed to other thickeners in the main treatment area with processing capacity. This method realizes the coordinated control and dynamic adjustment of the thickener group, thereby effectively ensuring the concentration and stability of the paste slurry, avoiding equipment failures caused by concentration fluctuations and avoiding unstable pulp making quality; this system method can be applied to tailings-free mines. In the case where the mine has no tailings pond and all the tailings need to be used for underground or open-pit filling, based on the thickener group scheme and control system of this system, the coordinated control is realized to cache, store, and adjust all the tailings from the concentrator plant, keeping the production of the beneficiation, filling, and underground backfilling links of the mine smooth, avoiding the inability to handle tailings due to non-underground filling, and being able to completely replace the traditional filter press system, reducing equipment investment and floor area, and greatly reducing costs.

[0016] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other purposes, features, and advantages. The following will refer to the drawings for a further detailed description of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 1. Conveyor mechanism; 2. First flow rate monitoring unit; 3. First concentration monitoring unit; 4. Delivery pipe; 5. Distribution box; 6. Chemical addition pipe; 7. Branch pipe; 8. Electric control valve; 9. Central barrel; 10. Weight type level gauge; 11. Main treatment area; 12. Thickener; 13. Regulation area; 14. Pressure monitoring unit; 15. Ultrasonic detection unit; 16. Jet system; 17. Critical high level; 18. Critical low level; 19. Second flow rate monitoring unit; 20. Second concentration monitoring unit; 21. Underflow pump; 22. Diverting mechanism; 23. Stirring system; 24. Step-type drainage mechanism; 25. Screw pump; 26. Chemical addition device; 27. Circulation pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the following.

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the tailings material flow distribution and regulation method of this embodiment is applied to a tailings treatment system. The tailings treatment system includes a thickening unit group and a distribution mechanism. The thickening unit group includes a main treatment area 11 and a regulation area 13. At least one thickener 12 is arranged in the main treatment area 11, and at least one thickener 12 is arranged in the regulation area 13; the distribution mechanism is respectively connected to the feed pipe and each thickener 12, and is used to distribute the slurry to each thickener 12 according to a preset program; each thickener 12 is provided with a critical low level 18 and a critical high level 17; the distribution and regulation method includes: S1. Collect the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism; S2. The distribution mechanism distributes the slurry to the thickener 12 with the main treatment area 11 as the high priority according to the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism, and the thickener 12 receiving the tailings performs flocculation sedimentation on the tailings slurry; S3. Collect the level data in the thickener 12 during operation in real time or at preset intervals. If it is detected that the level in the thickener 12 is overloaded, stop the sand feeding of the thickener 12 with overloaded level; if it is detected that the level of the dense layer in the thickener 12 is higher than the critical low level 18, the corresponding thickener 12 will discharge sand. Among them, due to the limited storage capacity of the conventional deep cone thickener with a rake frame, it can only store for 8 hours under the full - tank condition. With a small volume, if it is not discharged in time, it will cause a rake - pressing accident and lead to the suspension of production in the mine. This system preferably adopts a paste - storage thickener 12 without a rake frame to improve the storage capacity and full - tank static storage time of the system; the front end of the distribution mechanism is connected to the conveying mechanism 1, that is, the conveying pump, to transport the tailings from the concentrator to the system; the tailings treatment system is directly connected to the mixing system 23. After the tailings are concentrated according to this method, they are cached and stored in the tailings treatment system, and are directly output to the mixing system 23 according to production requirements for subsequent processes, canceling and replacing the layout of the traditional filter - pressing system; the level data can be collected in real time or at preset intervals (such as 20 minutes), and there is no limit to it. It should be noted that in medium - sized and large - sized mines, at least two sets of thickeners are arranged in the main treatment area 11, and one set or more sets of thickeners are arranged in the adjustment area 13; in small mines, one set of thickeners can be arranged in the main treatment area 11 and the adjustment area 13 respectively. It is understandable that this method for regulating the distribution of tailings material flow constructs a group of thickeners based on the thickener 12, and separately plans and arranges the main treatment area 11 and the adjustment area 13. The thickener 12 in the main treatment area 11 is used for conventional tailings thickening and paste preparation. Under the conditions of sudden increase in tailings feed, partial equipment failure in the main treatment area 11, unqualified treatment concentration in the main treatment area 11, and the need for further static storage, etc., it is pumped to the adjustment area 13 for further thickening treatment or static storage, greatly improving the storage capacity, redundancy, and stability of the system and effectively ensuring the concentration. Further, by setting a distribution mechanism, the energy of the slurry pumped from the concentrator plant is dissipated, making the slurry change from turbulent flow to laminar flow, and the incoming material can be distributed through the distribution mechanism. This method collects the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry when the system pumps the slurry to the distribution mechanism, and distributes the slurry to the thickener 12 with the main treatment area 11 as the high priority according to the flow rate and density of the pumped tailings slurry, that is, according to the processing capacity of the thickener 12, when the current thickener can process the incoming material with the current flow rate and concentration, it is transported to this thickener for processing. When the amount of incoming slurry is too large or the concentration is too high, it can be distributed to multiple thickeners 12 in the main treatment area 11, and concentrated by multiple thickeners to relieve the problem of the processing difficulty of a single thickener for the tailings slurry, so as to ensure that the overflow return water is clarified, match the production demand, and control the energy consumption reasonably; by monitoring the material level of the working thickener 12, when it is detected that the material level of the dense layer in the thickener 12 is higher than the critical low material level 18, the corresponding thickener 12 can discharge sand. Similarly, when it is detected that the material level of the dense layer in the thickener 12 is lower than the critical low material level 18, the sand discharge is stopped, and the sand discharge is switched to other thickeners that meet the sand discharge conditions. If the material levels of all thickeners are all lowered to the critical low material level 18, the system as a whole stops sand discharge. When it is monitored that the material level of the thickener 12 is overloaded, the thickener 12 with the overloaded material level is controlled to stop sand intake, and the distribution mechanism stops transporting tailings to this thickener, and distributes the slurry to other thickeners in the main treatment area 11 with processing capacity. This method realizes the coordinated control and dynamic adjustment of the thickener group, thereby effectively ensuring the concentration and stability of the paste slurry, avoiding equipment failures caused by concentration fluctuations and avoiding unstable pulp making quality; this system method can be applied to tailings-free mines. In the case where the mine has no tailings pond and all tailings need to be used for underground or open-pit filling, based on the thickener group scheme and control system of this system, the coordinated control realizes the caching, storage, and adjustment of all the tailings from the concentrator plant, making the production of the concentrator, filling, and underground backfilling links of the mine proceed smoothly, avoiding the inability to process tailings due to non-underground filling, and being able to completely replace the traditional filter press system, reducing equipment investment and floor area, and greatly reducing costs.

[0022] In some embodiments, the height-diameter ratio in the treatment chamber of the thickener 12 is set to 1.8 - 2.2; it should be noted that ultra-fine tailings generally refer to those with the content of -20μm tailings particles accounting for more than 50% or an average particle size D < 20μm, which are called extremely fine tailings. Conventional thickeners have a small tailings treatment capacity (0.3 - 0.5t / ㎡•h), low efficiency, great difficulty in flocculation sedimentation, large consumption of flocculants, and are prone to running muddy. In order to achieve better flocculation and concentration effects, the selected deep-cone thickeners are very large in size, with large investment and floor area. After the extremely fine tailings particles are flocculated and sedimented and mixed, the flocculant molecular chains wrap the tailings particles to form flocs, and at the same time also wrap a large amount of water molecules. The water wrapped is difficult to separate out in a short time, and finally a relatively loose slurry is formed in the thickener, resulting in a low concentration. In addition, due to the structural design of conventional deep-cone thickening equipment, the height of the vertical side wall is generally 10m. Due to the rake frame, the height of the mud layer formed by the tailings flocs generally cannot exceed 7m, otherwise it is easy to press the rake, and the storage space and time of the tailings in the thickener are limited. The concentration gradient of the tailings slurry in the vertical direction in the thickener changes. Generally, from bottom to top, it is divided into a dense layer, a compression layer, a sedimentation layer, and a clear water layer. Since a higher mud layer height cannot be formed, the concentration of the bottom dense layer generally fails to meet the standard due to the short concentration time of the tailings in the thickener and the large water content in the flocs. In addition, as the sand discharging process proceeds, due to the imbalance of the tailings in and out (less entering than discharging), the mud layer level drops, and coupled with the fact that the mud layer level itself is not high, there is not enough room for buffer adjustment, resulting in the mud layer height dropping to the compression layer in a short time, and finally the concentration drops sharply and fluctuates greatly. Therefore, in this embodiment, a thickener 12 without a rake frame is adopted to improve the system storage capacity and storage time. In the prior art, the height-diameter ratio of various types of thickeners is usually in the range of 1.2 - 1.6. Based on the caching, storage, and stability requirements of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and based on the rake-free structure of the thickener 12, it is possible to set the height-diameter ratio in the treatment chamber of the thickener 12 to 1.8 - 2.2, increase the vertical height, ensure that the extremely fine tailings have a high enough mud layer height and sufficient concentration time, ensure that the tailings settle more fully in the thickener, ensure that the concentration of the bottom dense layer meets the standard, ensure the stability of the pulp making quality, avoid the problem of balance destruction caused by the drop of the mud layer level during sand discharging, and ensure the concentration stability.

[0023] It should be noted that the monitoring of various concentrations, flow rates, levels, etc. in this embodiment is realized through a monitoring and feedback system, and the coordinated control is realized by the control system according to the monitoring and feedback of the monitoring and feedback system; It should be noted that the distribution mechanism includes a distribution box 5 arranged above the thickening unit. The distribution box 5 is connected to the conveying mechanism 1 through a conveying pipe 4. The distribution box 5 is respectively connected to each thickener 12 in the main treatment area 11 through a branch pipe 7, and can also be connected to its central barrel 9. The number of branch pipes 7 matches the number of thickeners 12 in the main treatment area 11. Alternatively, the distribution box 5 is respectively connected to each thickener 12 through a branch pipe 7, and the number of branch pipes 7 matches the number of thickeners 12. Preferably, the distribution box 5 is respectively connected to each thickener 12 in the main treatment area 11 through a branch pipe 7. Specifically, the conveying mechanism 1 is connected to the distribution mechanism through a conveying pipe 4. The monitoring and feedback system includes a first flow monitoring unit 2 and a first concentration monitoring unit 3 arranged on the conveying pipe 4. According to the monitoring results of the first flow monitoring unit 2 and the first concentration monitoring unit 3, the control system controls the slurry in the distribution box 5 to be distributed into one or more thickeners in the main treatment area 11 for concentration treatment. That is, when one thickener can meet the usage requirements, only one thickener is turned on. When the incoming material flow or concentration is too large, two or more thickeners are turned on for treatment, avoiding the problem of limited processing capacity of a single thickener, ensuring the clarification of the overflow water, and avoiding the application of the pressure filtration system. On the other hand, the distribution box 5 can pump the tailing slurry of the system for energy dissipation, changing the slurry from turbulent flow to laminar flow, further improving the working ability of the thickener and enhancing the stability in the cavity. In some embodiments, the control system includes electric control valves 8 respectively arranged on each branch pipe 7. According to the incoming flow rate and concentration fed back by the first flow monitoring unit 2 and the first concentration monitoring unit 3, the opening degree and on / off of the electric control valves 8 on each branch pipe 7 are respectively controlled to realize intelligent distribution of the incoming material. In the embodiment where the distribution box 5 is connected to the thickener in the adjustment area 13 through a branch pipe 7, under working conditions such as a sudden increase in the tailing incoming material and partial equipment failure in the main treatment area 11, it can be distributed to the thickener in the adjustment area 13 through the distribution box 5 for treatment. It should be noted that the monitoring and feedback system includes a material level monitoring unit respectively arranged on each thickener 12, which is used to monitor the material level height in the thickener 12, so as to separately control the material level height of each thickener 12 to be maintained between the critical low material level 18 and the critical high material level 17. The critical high material level 17 can be monitored by a heavy hammer level gauge 10. When the material level of the current thickener sludge layer reaches the critical high material level 17, sand feeding is stopped and processed by other thickeners. When the material level of the current thickener sludge layer reaches the critical low material level 18, sand discharging is stopped and switched to other qualified thickeners for sand discharging. Through the coordinated control and dynamic adjustment of the thickener group, the concentration and stability of the paste slurry are effectively guaranteed, equipment failures caused by concentration fluctuations are avoided, and the instability of the pulp making quality is avoided. It can be understood that the control system controls the sand feeding of the thickener on the corresponding branch by controlling the opening and closing of the electric control valve 8. The control system also includes a bottom flow pump 21 arranged at the discharge end of each thickener, which is used to transport the materials at the discharge end. Both the transport pump and the bottom flow pump 21 at the bottom of the thickener are frequency-controlled to match the production requirements and reduce energy consumption.

[0024] In some embodiments, the tailings treatment system further includes a chemical dosing device 26, and the distribution and regulation method further includes: The chemical dosing device 26 matches the feeding amount according to the tailings slurry flow rate and density collected in step S1. Specifically, the instantaneous dry ore amount A t / h is calculated based on the flow rate and density of the slurry transported by the transport pump, and the chemical dosing amount is matched for the unit dry ore amount. The chemical dosing device 26 regulates the chemical dosing according to the set chemical dosing amount (g / t) to ensure that the thickening work of the thickener is more reliable and stable. In some embodiments, the distribution and regulation method further includes: the chemical dosing device 26 inputs the flocculant into the distribution mechanism according to the matched feeding amount. Specifically, the chemical dosing device 26 is connected to the distribution mechanism through a chemical dosing pipe 6, so that the flocculant is premixed with the tailings slurry in advance, increasing the reaction time between the tailings and the flocculant. At the same time, the matching mixing of the flocculant and the incoming material amount is completed, and the combination is more sufficient. When distributing to each thickener, it is no longer necessary to rely on controlling the chemical dosing amount of the chemical dosing device 26. In some embodiments, it can also be that the distribution mechanism is respectively connected to each thickener 12 through a branch pipe 7, and the chemical dosing device 26 is respectively connected to each thickener 12 or connected to each branch pipe 7. The distribution and regulation method further includes: controlling the chemical dosing device 26 to be sequentially connected to each thickener 12 in the working state, so that the chemical dosing device 26 sequentially inputs the flocculant into each thickener 12 in the working state according to the matched feeding amount; the addition of the flocculant to each thickener is more accurate and highly matched, ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the system. Specifically, the on-off of the pipeline can be controlled by respectively setting an electric control valve on the pipeline between the dosing device 26 and each thickener 12; that is, the dosing device 26 matches the dosing amount according to the feeding amount of one thickener 12, the electric control valve on the pipeline of the corresponding thickener 12 is opened, and after the dosing is completed, its electric control valve is closed, and then it is switched to another thickener 12 that needs dosing and the dosing is matched in the above manner; further, in this embodiment, the control system numbers each thickener 12 in the main treatment area in sequence. Taking the thickener numbered 1 as an example of starting to work, after detecting that the thickener No. 1 is overloaded in step S3, the incoming material is switched to the thickener No. 2, and at the same time, the electric control valve to the thickener No. 2 is opened to realize the dosing switch of the dosing device. In some embodiments, it can also be that the distribution control method further includes: respectively controlling the opening degree or the opening and closing state of each electric control valve to control the amount of medicine input to each thickener 12 in the working state; that is, the dosing device matches the total amount of medicine for dosing, and the flocculant is proportionally distributed by controlling the opening degree of the electric control valve on the pipeline of each thickener. Among them, the dosing device 26 controls the conveying flow rate through an adjustable conveying device such as a screw pump 25 to match the dosing amount with the sand inlet flow rate.

[0025] In some embodiments, the distribution control method further includes: S4. Collect the paste concentration and flow rate values prepared by the thickener 12 in the working state, and control the sand discharge flow rate of the corresponding thickener 12 according to the paste flow rate value; S5. Judge whether the paste concentration meets the requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, stop sand discharge or connect the discharge end of the current thickener 12 to the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13 for further concentration.

[0026] It can be understood that by collecting the paste concentration and flow rate values prepared by the thickener 12 in the working state, and controlling the sand discharge flow rate of the corresponding thickener 12 according to the paste flow rate value, the sand discharge flow rate is matched with the flow rate value of the paste with a concentration that meets the requirements, avoiding the situation that the sand discharge flow rate is too large and the thickener reaches the critical low material level 18 too quickly, and at the same time avoiding the situation that the sand discharge flow rate is too low and it reaches the critical high material level 17 too quickly; further, by judging whether the paste concentration meets the requirements, when the concentration of the discharged paste does not meet the requirements, stop sand discharge or connect the discharge end of the thickener with a concentration that does not meet the requirements to the thickener in the adjustment area 13 for further concentration treatment, effectively improving the storage capacity, redundancy, stability of the system and ensuring the concentration, realizing a complete replacement of the filter press system, thereby reducing equipment investment and space occupation. Specifically, the discharge ends of the thickeners 12 are respectively connected to the mixing system 23 through output pipes. The monitoring and feedback system includes a second flow rate monitoring unit 19 and a second concentration monitoring unit 20 respectively arranged on each output pipe. The control system includes a diversion mechanism 22 arranged on the output pipe in the main treatment area 11, and the diversion mechanism 22 is connected to the feed end of the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13. When the sand discharge concentration in each thickener 12 in the main treatment area 11 does not meet the requirements, the discharge end of the thickener 12 in the main treatment area 11 is controlled to communicate with the feed end of the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13. Specifically, according to the output concentration and flow rate of the thickeners in the main treatment area 11 fed back by the second flow rate monitoring unit 19 and the second concentration monitoring unit 20, when the density does not meet the preset requirements, the control system controls the diversion mechanism 22 to act, so that the output slurry passes through the diversion mechanism 22 to the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13 for further concentration, effectively improving the storage capacity, redundancy, stability of the system and ensuring the concentration, realizing a complete replacement of the filter press system, thereby reducing equipment investment and space occupation. On the other hand, based on the thickeners in the main treatment area 11, dynamic storage can be realized. When static storage is required and the main treatment area 11 cannot meet the storage requirements, the tailings can be output to the adjustment area 13 for static storage, greatly improving the storage capacity of the system. It should be understood that the diversion mechanism 22 is preferably a three-way diversion valve arranged on the output pipe, one interface is connected to the mixing system 23, and the other interface is connected to the thickener in the adjustment area 13 through a circulation pipeline 27. In other embodiments, a diversion mechanism 22 with the same effect can be used. Preferably, the second flow rate monitoring unit 19 and the second concentration monitoring unit 20 are arranged on the output pipe and between the diversion mechanism 22 and the discharge end of the corresponding thickener to ensure that the diversion mechanism 22 has sufficient response time and prevent the slurry with unqualified concentration from being output to the mixing system 23. Further, the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13 is provided with a stepped drainage mechanism 24 for discharging the excess water of the clear water layer in the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13 according to the height position of the clear water layer when the discharge end in the main treatment area 11 is communicated with the adjustment area 13. The stepped drainage mechanism 24 can be a drainage pipe designed step by step from the top of the thickener in the adjustment area 13 downward, and a drainage valve is correspondingly arranged to control the opening and closing of the drainage pipe. According to the detected height position of the clear water layer, the drainage valve with a matching height position or all the drainage valves above this position are opened to discharge the excess water of the supernatant. When the thickener in the main treatment area 11 needs to input the slurry with unqualified concentration or all the slurry into the thickener in the adjustment area 13, the slurry is all unqualified paste and cannot be directly used for filling. The excess water in the supernatant is discharged through the stepped drainage mechanism to further increase the concentration and then supplied to the mixing system 23. On the other hand, when there is no filling underground and the thickener in the main treatment area 11 reaches the high material level, the slurry is input into the adjustment area 13 for further storage, greatly improving the storage capacity.

[0027] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first concentration monitoring unit 3 and second concentration monitoring unit 20 may be concentration meters, and the first flow monitoring unit 2 and second flow monitoring unit 19 may be flow meters.

[0028] In some embodiments, the tailings treatment system includes ultrasonic detectors arranged at the bottoms of the thickeners 12 for detecting the distribution of the dense layer and / or compression layer and / or sedimentation layer and / or clear water layer; specifically, the material level monitoring unit includes a heavy hammer type level gauge 10 arranged at the top of the thickener 12, a pressure monitoring unit 14 arranged at the bottom for monitoring the slurry pressure, and / or an ultrasonic detection unit 15 arranged at the bottom of the thickener 12 for monitoring the height of the mud layer. Among them, the pressure monitoring unit 14 may be a pressure sensor, which can judge the height position of the mud layer by detecting the bottom slurry pressure. The mud layer can also be monitored by the ultrasonic detection unit 15, preferably an ultrasonic detector, which releases high-density high-frequency ultrasonic waves and can obtain the thickness and distribution height of the dense layer, compression layer, sedimentation layer, and clear water layer based on the density distribution of the mud layer feedback by the ultrasonic waves. Compared with the pressure sensor monitoring, it is more accurate, the system control is more stable, and the combined monitoring and mutual feedback of the two detection results are more accurate; further, the critical low material level 18 is set in the range of 5-7 m above the bottom of the treatment chamber of the thickener 12 in the main treatment area 11. Under this material level limit condition, the slurry concentration of sand discharge can be ensured to be stable and meet the requirements.

[0029] In some embodiments, the distribution control method further includes: Predict the qualified paste flow rate according to the thickener size parameters and the dense layer material level height collected in step S3 and according to the relationship between the dense layer height and the concentration; Step S4 further includes: Judge whether the sand discharge concentration meets the requirements according to the predicted qualified paste flow rate; It can be understood that through this method, based on the size parameters of the thickener and the collected dense layer material level height data and according to the relationship between the dense layer height and the concentration, the qualified paste flow rate is predicted by calculation. The system can then assist in judging whether the concentration meets the requirements according to the predicted paste flow rate, thereby improving the response speed of concentration judgment and making the sand discharge concentration of the system more stable.

[0030] In some embodiments, when determining whether the paste concentration meets the requirements, step S5 further includes: determining whether the sand discharge concentration fluctuation is ≥ 4%. If so, stop sand discharge or connect the discharge end of the current thickener 12 to the thickener 12 in the adjustment area 13 for further concentration. During the actual production process, the paste concentration has a certain qualified range. If it is determined whether it meets the requirements based on the concentration value, the response may be untimely when the concentration of the dense layer is insufficient. Therefore, in this embodiment, the change of the concentration is predicted based on the concentration fluctuation to more quickly determine whether the slurry concentration of the subsequent output meets the requirements. When the slurry concentration fluctuation is too large, it indicates that the slurry concentration at the discharge end drops rapidly, realizing a faster response processing to the change of the slurry concentration. Specifically, step S5 includes: first, determining whether the sand discharge concentration fluctuation is > 2%. If not, adjust the sand discharge flow according to the sand discharge concentration fluctuation. If so, then determine whether the sand discharge concentration fluctuation is ≥ 4%.

[0031] In some embodiments, it further includes step S6: recording and sorting out the working indexes of each thickener. The working indexes include filling concentration, filling flow rate, and tailings consumption. By recording and sorting out the working indexes of each thickener, the working ability of each thickener is judged, which is more convenient for further optimizing the system scheduling and control. Specifically, it is preferably recorded when the sand discharge concentration fluctuation is > 2% and < 4% for subsequent analysis and troubleshooting to determine the cause of the concentration fluctuation.

[0032] In some embodiments, a jet system 16 is further provided at the bottom of each thickener 12, which is used to input high-speed air at the bottom to blow and disperse the materials when discharging the materials in the bottom dense layer or emptying the slurry in the thickener, so that the materials can more easily pass through the discharge end.

[0033] On the other hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides a mine production system, which applies the above-mentioned tailings material flow distribution and regulation method. The mine production system includes a tailings treatment system and a mixing system. In this preferred embodiment, the parts not specifically described in the mine production system, such as the delivery pump and the mixing system, can all be implemented with reference to the prior art.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0036] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating and distributing tailings material flow, applied to a tailings processing system, characterized in that: The tailings processing system comprises a thickener unit and a distribution mechanism, wherein the thickener unit comprises a main processing area (11) and a regulating area (13), wherein the main processing area (11) is provided with at least one set of thickeners (12), and the regulating area (13) is provided with at least one set of thickeners (12); the distribution mechanism is respectively connected to a feed pipe and each of the thickeners (12) and is used to distribute slurry to each of the thickeners (12) according to a preset program; each of the thickeners (12) is provided with a critical low material level (18) and a critical high material level (17); the distribution control method comprises: S1. Collect the flow rate and density of tailings slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism; S2. The distribution mechanism distributes the slurry to the thickener (12) with the main treatment area (11) as a high priority according to the flow rate and density of the tailings slurry pumped to the distribution mechanism, and the thickener (12) receiving the tailings performs flocculation and sedimentation on the tailings slurry; S3. Collecting the material level data in the thickener (12) in the working state in real time or at preset intervals. If the thickener (12) is detected to be overloaded, the thickener (12) with overloaded material level is controlled to stop feeding sand; if the material level of the dense layer in the thickener (12) is detected to be higher than the critical low material level (18), the corresponding thickener (12) is discharged; S4. Collecting the paste concentration and flow rate value prepared by the thickener (12) in the working state, and controlling the sand discharge flow rate of the corresponding thickener (12) according to the paste flow rate value; S5. Determine whether the paste concentration meets the requirements. If not, stop adding sand or connect the discharge end of the current thickener (12) to the thickener (12) in the adjustment zone (13) for further concentration.

2. The tailings material flow distribution control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailings treatment system further comprises a dosing device (26), and the distribution and control method further comprises: The dosing device (26) matches the feeding amount according to the tailings slurry flow and density collected in step S1.

3. The tailings material flow distribution control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution control method further comprises: the dosing device (26) inputs flocculant into the distribution mechanism according to the matched feed amount.

4. The tailings material flow distribution control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution mechanism is connected to each thickener (12) through a branch pipe (7), and the dosing device (26) is connected to each thickener (12) or to each branch pipe (7). The distribution control method further includes: Controlling the dosing device (26) to be connected with each thickener (12) in working state in sequence, so that the dosing device (26) sequentially inputs flocculant into each thickener (12) in working state according to a matching feed amount; Alternatively, an electrically controlled valve is provided on the pipeline between the dosing device (26) and each of the thickeners (12). The distribution and control method further comprises: controlling the opening degree or the open / closed state of each of the electrically controlled valves to control the amount of medicine input to each thickener (12) in the working state.

5. The tailings material flow distribution and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailings processing system comprises an ultrasonic detector arranged at the bottom of each thickener (12) for detecting the distribution of the dense layer and / or the compressed layer and / or the sedimentation layer and / or the clear water layer.

6. The tailings material flow distribution and control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The allocation control method further comprises: Predicting the qualified paste flow rate according to the thickener size parameters and the dense layer material level height collected in step S3 and according to the relationship between the dense layer height and the concentration; Step S4 also includes: Determine whether the sand concentration meets the requirements based on the predicted qualified paste flow rate.

7. The tailings material flow distribution and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When judging whether the paste concentration meets the requirements, step S5 further includes: judging whether the sand release concentration fluctuation is ≥4%. If so, the sand release concentration does not meet the requirements, and the sand release is stopped or the discharge end of the current thickener (12) is connected to the thickener (12) in the adjustment area (13) for further concentration. If not, the sand release concentration meets the requirements.

8. The tailings material flow distribution and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S6: recording and arranging working indicators of each thickener, wherein the working indicators include filling concentration, filling flow rate and tailings consumption.

9. A mining production system, characterized in that: The method for distributing and controlling tailings material flow described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied.

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