Composite nano leaf fertilizer, preparation method thereof and application of composite nano leaf fertilizer in improvement of potassium content and quality of tobacco

Abstract

The invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof and application of the composite nano foliar fertilizer in improvement of potassium content and quality of tobacco, and belongs to the technical field of foliar fertilizers. The composite nano leaf fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the following components: macroelements, nano elements, a surfactant, a stabilizer, chitosan, a plant extract and water, the nano elements comprise nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium and nano hafnium. According to the composite nano leaf fertilizer provided by the invention, the nano fertilizer is compounded on the basis of a macro-element basic leaf fertilizer, meanwhile, citric acid is used as a surfactant, and functional components, namely chitosan and a plant extract, are added, so that the yield, quality, potassium content and disease resistance of tobacco are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, and particularly to a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof in improving the potassium content and quality of tobacco. Background Art

[0002] As an important cash crop, tobacco has a relatively high demand for nutrient elements during its growth process. Traditional fertilizers have problems such as low utilization rate, easy loss, and environmental pollution during application. In recent years, the application of nanotechnology in the agricultural field has gradually attracted attention. Nano fertilizers have become a research hotspot due to their advantages such as high efficiency, slow release, and environmental protection. However, existing nano fertilizers mostly focus on the nanoization of single elements, lacking composite nano fertilizers with the synergistic effect of multiple elements.

[0003] The quality of tobacco directly affects the economic benefits of the tobacco industry. Traditional foliar fertilizers have certain limitations in improving the quality and disease resistance of tobacco. In recent years, plant extracts have been more frequently used in agricultural growth. For example, plant growth promoting preparations, plant-derived pesticide preparations, or are used to resist certain plant diseases. Therefore, it is reasonable and feasible to use plant extracts to improve the quality and disease resistance of tobacco. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite nano foliar fertilizer capable of improving the quality, potassium content, yield, and disease resistance of tobacco, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following components: macronutrients, nano elements, surfactants, stabilizers, chitosan, plant extracts, and water;

[0007] The nano elements include nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium, and nano hafnium.

[0008] Preferably, the macronutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The content of nitrogen in the foliar fertilizer in terms of N is 100 - 200 g / L, the content of phosphorus in the foliar fertilizer in terms of P 2 O 5 is 40 - 60 g / L, and the content of potassium in the foliar fertilizer in terms of K 2 O is 100 - 200 g / L.

[0009] Preferably, the contents of nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium, and nano hafnium in the foliar fertilizer are 10 - 50 g / L, 20 - 80 g / L, 20 - 60 g / L, 1 - 10 g / L, and 1 - 10 g / L in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the surfactant is citric acid, and the content of citric acid in the foliar fertilizer is 0.1-1 g / L.

[0011] Preferably, the stabilizer is xanthan gum or carboxymethyl cellulose. The content of xanthan gum in the foliar fertilizer is 10-20 g / L, and the content of carboxymethyl cellulose in the foliar fertilizer is 1-5 g / L.

[0012] Preferably, the content of chitosan in the foliar fertilizer is 1-5 g / L; the plant extract includes aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract, and the content of the plant extract in the foliar fertilizer is 20-30 g / L; the mass ratio of aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract is 8-12:4-6:4-6:2-3:2-3.

[0013] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a composite nano foliar fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Dissolve the macronutrients and nano-elements in water respectively to obtain a basic nutrient solution containing macronutrients and a nano-suspension containing nano-elements;

[0015] (2) Mix the basic nutrient solution and the nano-suspension, then add a surfactant, a stabilizer, chitosan, a plant extract and the remaining water, and adjust the pH value to obtain the composite nano foliar fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, the pH value is 6.0-7.5.

[0017] The present invention also provides an application of a composite nano foliar fertilizer or a composite nano foliar fertilizer obtained by the preparation method in tobacco.

[0018] Preferably, the composite nano foliar fertilizer is applied to tobacco crops by foliar spraying at different growth stages of tobacco. The composite nano foliar fertilizer is diluted 40-50 times with water and then sprayed on the leaf surface.

[0019] Preferably, it is sprayed on the 45th day, 60th day and 75th day after transplanting, for a total of three sprays.

[0020] The composite nano foliar fertilizer provided by the present invention is compounded with nano-fertilizer on the basis of a basic foliar fertilizer containing macronutrients, uses citric acid as a surfactant, and adds functional components chitosan and plant extracts to improve the yield, quality, potassium content and disease resistance of tobacco. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The present invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, which has the functions of improving the quality of tobacco and enhancing the disease resistance of tobacco.

[0022] A compound nano foliar fertilizer provided by the present invention comprises the following components: macronutrients, nano elements, surfactant, stabilizer, chitosan, plant extract and water;

[0023] The nano elements include nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium and nano hafnium.

[0024] In the present invention, the contents of the nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium and nano hafnium in the foliar fertilizer are 10-50 g / L, 20-80 g / L, 20-60 g / L, 1-10 g / L and 1-10 g / L in sequence, preferably 20-40 g / L, 40-60 g / L, 30-50 g / L, 2-8 g / L and 3-7 g / L, and further preferably 30 g / L, 50 g / L, 40 g / L, 5 g / L and 5 g / L.

[0025] In the present invention, the nano carbon is multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10-20 nm, and is purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0026] The nano calcium, nano magnesium and nano vanadium are purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0027] The nano hafnium is purchased from Guangzhou Nano Nano Technology Co., Ltd.

[0028] In the present invention, the macronutrients are mainly nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

[0029] In the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is calculated by N, and its content in the foliar fertilizer is 100-200 g / L, preferably 120-180 g / L, and further preferably 150 g / L; the phosphate fertilizer is calculated by P 2 O 5 and its content in the foliar fertilizer is 40-60 g / L, preferably 50 g / L; the potassium is calculated by K 2 O, and its content in the foliar fertilizer is 100-200 g / L, preferably 200 g / L.

[0030] In the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably urea or ammonium nitrate, and further preferably urea; the phosphate fertilizer is preferably potassium dihydrogen phosphate or superphosphate, and further preferably potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the potassium fertilizer is preferably potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate, and further preferably potassium sulfate.

[0031] In the present invention, the surfactant is citric acid; the content of the citric acid in the foliar fertilizer is 0.1-1 g / L, preferably 0.3 g / L.

[0032] In the present invention, the stabilizer is xanthan gum or carboxymethyl cellulose, preferably xanthan gum; the content of xanthan gum in the foliar fertilizer is 10 - 20 g / L, preferably 15 g / L; the content of carboxymethyl cellulose in the foliar fertilizer is 1 - 5 g / L, preferably 3 g / L.

[0033] In the present invention, the content of chitosan in the foliar fertilizer is 1 - 5 g / L, preferably 3 g / L.

[0034] In the present invention, the plant extract includes aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract; the content of the plant extract in the foliar fertilizer is 20 - 30 g / L, preferably 25 g / L; the mass ratio of aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract is 8 - 12:4 - 6:4 - 6:2 - 3:2 - 3, preferably 10:5:5:2.5:2.5.

[0035] In the present invention, the aloe extract is preferably aloe gel freeze-dried powder, purchased from Xi'an Aosai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0036] In the present invention, the astragalus extract is preferably prepared by the following method: pulverize astragalus, extract with water by soaking, centrifuge and separate, take the supernatant, and freeze-dry to obtain the astragalus extract.

[0037] In the present invention, after pulverizing astragalus, it is preferably sieved through a 100-mesh sieve; the ratio of astragalus to water is 1 - 2 g:50 - 100 mL, preferably 1 g:50 mL; the temperature of the extraction by soaking is 60 - 90 °C, preferably 70 - 80 °C, more preferably 75 °C; the time of the extraction by soaking is 8 - 12 h, preferably 9 - 11 h, more preferably 10 h. The rotation speed of the centrifugation is 5000 - 800 rpm, preferably 6000 rpm; the time is 10 - 30 min, preferably 20 min. The conditions of the freeze-drying are to pre-freeze in liquid nitrogen for 6 h first, and then freeze at -80 °C for 12 h to obtain the astragalus extract.

[0038] In the present invention, the preparation methods of the licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract are: take licorice, houttuynia and chrysanthemum respectively, decoct with water, separate and reserve the decoction liquid, take the medicinal residues and decoct with water again, separate the decoction liquid, and after combining the two decoction liquids, freeze-dry to obtain the licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract respectively.

[0039] In the present invention, the mass-volume ratio of liquorice, houttuynia cordata and chrysanthemum to water is 1-2 g: 40-80 mL, preferably 1 g: 50 mL; the decocting time is 2-4 h, preferably 3 h; the conditions for freeze-drying are pre-freezing in liquid nitrogen for 24 h first, and then freezing at -80 °C for 12 h.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite nano foliar fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Dissolve the macronutrients and nano-elements in water respectively to obtain a basic nutrient solution containing macronutrients and a nano-suspension containing nano-elements;

[0042] (2) Mix the basic nutrient solution and the nano-suspension, then add a surfactant, a stabilizer, chitosan, a plant extract and the remaining water, and adjust the pH value to obtain the composite nano foliar fertilizer.

[0043] In the present invention, when dissolving in water in step (1) above, the amount of water added only needs to be able to dissolve the macronutrients and nano-elements.

[0044] In the present invention, preferably after the basic nutrient solution and the nano-suspension are completely dissolved, they are passed through a sieve with 80-120 meshes, preferably through a 100-mesh sieve.

[0045] In the present invention, the pH is preferably adjusted to 6.0-7.5.

[0046] The present invention also provides an application of the composite nano foliar fertilizer in tobacco. Specifically, the composite nano foliar fertilizer is applied to tobacco crops by foliar spraying at different growth stages of tobacco. The composite nano foliar fertilizer is diluted 40-50 times with water and then sprayed on the leaf surface, preferably diluted 50 times.

[0047] In the present invention, the tobacco variety is K326. The growth period of this variety is divided into the rosette stage (the first 30 days), the vigorous growth stage (30 days), the topping stage (60 days), the vigorous growth stage (45-60 days after transplanting), and the topping stage (75 days after transplanting). After transplanting, it is sprayed once every 15 days, and sprayed on the 45th, 60th, and 75th days after transplanting, for a total of three sprays.

[0048] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Macronutrients: nitrogen fertilizer is urea, phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate; content: urea (N) 150 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P 2 O 5) 50 g / L, potassium sulfate (K 2 O) 200 g / L;

[0051] Nano-elements: Nano-carbon is multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10 - 20 nm, purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Material Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-calcium, nano-magnesium, and nano-vanadium are purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Material Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-hafnium is purchased from Guangzhou Nano Nano Technology Co., Ltd. Content: Nano-carbon 30 g / L, nano-suspended calcium 50 g / L, nano-chelated magnesium 40 g / L, nano-vanadium 5 g / L, nano-hafnium 5 g / L;

[0052] The surfactant is citric acid with a content of 0.3 g / L;

[0053] The stabilizer is xanthan gum with a content of 15 g / L;

[0054] The chitosan content is 3 g / L;

[0055] The plant extracts are aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract, with a total content of 25 g / L; among them, the aloe extract is aloe gel freeze-dried powder, purchased from Xi'an Aosai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0056] Astragalus extract: Astragalus is added with water at a ratio of 1 g:50 mL, extracted at 75 °C for 10 h, centrifuged (6000 rpm, 20 min), the supernatant is taken, pre-frozen in liquid nitrogen for 6 h, and then frozen at -80 °C for 12 h to obtain astragalus extract.

[0057] Licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract: Licorice, houttuynia, and chrysanthemum are respectively added with water for decoction according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL, the decoction liquid is separated and reserved, the medicinal residues are added with water for decoction again according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL, the decoction liquid is separated, and the two decoction liquids are combined and freeze-dried (under the same conditions) to obtain licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract respectively.

[0058] The mass ratio of aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract is 10:5:5:2.5:2.5.

[0059] The balance is water.

[0060] Weigh each component accurately according to the above concentrations respectively. Dissolve the macronutrients and nano-elements in water separately (until completely dissolved), then pass through a 100-mesh sieve, take the filtrate to obtain a basic nutrient solution containing macronutrients and a nano-suspension containing nano-elements. Mix the basic nutrient solution and the nano-suspension evenly, then add citric acid, xanthan gum, chitosan, each plant extract, and the balance of water, and stir evenly to obtain a composite nano foliar fertilizer. When in use, it can be diluted according to the ratio and sprayed on the crop leaves.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Macronutrients: nitrogen fertilizer is urea, phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate; content: urea (N) 100 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P 2 O 5 ) 40 g / L, potassium sulfate (K 2 O) 100 g / L;

[0063] Nanonutrients: nano-carbon is multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10 - 20 nm, purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-calcium, nano-magnesium, and nano-vanadium are purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-hafnium is purchased from Guangzhou Nano Nano Technology Co., Ltd. Content: nano-carbon 10 g / L, nano-suspended calcium 80 g / L, nano-chelated magnesium 20 g / L, nano-vanadium 1 g / L, nano-hafnium 1 g / L;

[0064] The surfactant is citric acid, and the content is 0.5 g / L;

[0065] The stabilizer is xanthan gum, and the content is 15 g / L;

[0066] The chitosan content is 3 g / L;

[0067] The plant extracts are aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract, with a total content of 20 g / L; among them, the aloe extract is aloe gel freeze-dried powder, purchased from Xi'an Aosai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0068] Astragalus extract: Astragalus is added with water at a ratio of 1 g:50 mL, extracted at 75 °C for 10 h, centrifuged (6000 rpm, 20 min), the supernatant is taken, pre-frozen in liquid nitrogen for 6 h, and then frozen at -80 °C for 12 h to obtain the astragalus extract.

[0069] Licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract: Take licorice, houttuynia, and chrysanthemum, add water for decoction according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL respectively, separate the decoction liquid for standby, take the medicinal residues and add water for decoction again according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL, separate the decoction liquid, and freeze-dry the combined two decoction liquids (conditions are the same above) to obtain licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract respectively.

[0070] The mass ratio of aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract is 8:4:4:2:2.

[0071] The balance is water.

[0072] Accurately weigh each component according to the above concentrations. Dissolve the macronutrients and nano-elements separately in water (until completely dissolved), then pass through a 100-mesh sieve, take the filtrate to obtain a basic nutrient solution containing macronutrients and a nano-suspension containing nano-elements. Mix the basic nutrient solution and the nano-suspension evenly, then add citric acid, xanthan gum, chitosan, each plant extract, and the remaining water, and stir evenly to obtain a composite nano foliar fertilizer. When in use, dilute it according to the ratio and spray it on the leaves of the crops.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] Macronutrients: The nitrogen fertilizer is urea, the phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate; Content: Urea (N) 200 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P 2 O 5 ) 60 g / L, potassium sulfate (K 2 O) 150 g / L;

[0075] Nano-elements: Nano-carbon is multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10 - 20 nm, purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-calcium, nano-magnesium, and nano-vanadium are purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-hafnium is purchased from Guangzhou Nano Nano Technology Co., Ltd. Content: Nano-carbon 50 g / L, nano-suspended calcium 20 g / L, nano-chelated magnesium 60 g / L, nano-vanadium 10 g / L, nano-hafnium 10 g / L;

[0076] The surfactant is citric acid, with a content of 0.1 g / L;

[0077] The stabilizer is carboxymethyl cellulose, with a content of 3 g / L;

[0078] The chitosan content is 3 g / L;

[0079] The plant extracts are aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract, with a total content of 30 g / L; Among them, the aloe extract is aloe gel freeze-dried powder, purchased from Xi'an Aosai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0080] Astragalus extract: Astragalus is added with water at a ratio of 1 g:50 mL, extracted at 75 °C for 10 h, centrifuged (6000 rpm, 20 min), the supernatant is taken, pre-frozen in liquid nitrogen for 6 h, and then frozen at -80 °C for 12 h to obtain astragalus extract.

[0081] Licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract: Take licorice, houttuynia, and chrysanthemum, add water and decoct them according to the ratio of material to liquid of 1 g:50 mL, separate the decoction liquid for standby, take the medicinal residues and decoct them again according to the ratio of material to liquid of 1 g:50 mL, separate the decoction liquid, and combine the two decoction liquids and freeze-dry them (under the same conditions) to obtain licorice extract, houttuynia extract, and chrysanthemum extract respectively.

[0082] The mass ratio of aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia cordata extract and chrysanthemum extract is 12:6:6:3:3.

[0083] The balance is water.

[0084] Weigh each component accurately according to the above concentrations. Dissolve the macronutrients and nano-elements in water respectively (until completely dissolved), then pass through a 100-mesh sieve, take the filtrate to obtain a basic nutrient solution containing macronutrients and a nano-suspension containing nano-elements. Mix the basic nutrient solution and the nano-suspension evenly, then add citric acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitosan, each plant extract and the balance of water, and stir evenly to obtain a composite nano foliar fertilizer. When in use, dilute it according to the ratio and spray it on the crop leaves.

[0085] Experimental Example 1

[0086] The experimental concept is as follows:

[0087] First, a foliar fertilizer containing macronutrients and nano-elements was prepared, and a foliar fertilizer containing only macronutrients was used as a control. Then, surfactants, stabilizers, chitosan and plant extracts were successively added on the basis of macronutrients and nano-elements. To explore the effects of each component on the quality and disease resistance of tobacco.

[0088] The specific treatments are as follows:

[0089] Treatment 1: Macronutrients: The nitrogen fertilizer is urea, the phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate; Content: urea (N) 150 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P 2 O 5 ) 50 g / L, potassium sulfate (K 2 O) 200 g / L; The balance is water.

[0090] Treatment 2: The macronutrients are the same as in Treatment 1, and then nano-elements are added. The nano-carbon is multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10 - 20 nm, purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-calcium, nano-magnesium and nano-vanadium are purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Nano-hafnium is purchased from Guangzhou Nano Nano Technology Co., Ltd. Content: nano-carbon 30 g / L, nano-suspended calcium 50 g / L, nano-chelated magnesium 40 g / L, nano-vanadium 5 g / L, nano-hafnium 5 g / L; The balance is water.

[0091] Treatment 3: The macronutrients and nano-elements are the same as in Treatment 2, and then the surfactant is citric acid, 0.3 g / L; The balance is water.

[0092] Treatment 4: The macronutrients, nano-elements and surfactant are the same as in Treatment 3, and then the stabilizer xanthan gum 15 g / L and chitosan 3 g / L are added; The balance is water.

[0093] Treatment 5: The same as Example 1.

[0094] Treatment 6: Based on Example 1, chitosan is discarded.

[0095] The selected experimental fields are divided according to the above treatments, and the experimental area of each plot is 36 m 2 , and there are 3 replicates for each treatment. Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to the row spacing of 1.2 m × 0.6 m. 10 plants are transplanted in each row, and a total of 5 rows are transplanted, with 50 plants transplanted in each plot. The tobacco variety is K326.

[0096] The growth period of this variety is divided into the rosette stage (the first 30 days), the vigorous growth stage (30 days), the topping stage (60 days), the vigorous growth stage (45 - 60 days after transplanting), and the topping stage (75 days after transplanting). After transplanting, it is sprayed once every 15 days, diluted 50 times with clear water and sprayed. It is sprayed on the 45th, 60th, and 75th days after transplanting, for a total of three sprays. The spraying amount each time is 50 L / mu, and the spraying is completed before 9 am. Other management is carried out according to the conventional method until harvesting. During the management period, the number of diseased plants of black shank, brown spot, and mosaic disease in each group is counted, and the incidence rate is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1. After the flue-cured tobacco is harvested, the tobacco leaf yield and the proportion of superior tobacco are calculated, as shown in Table 1.

[0097] The harvesting standard of tobacco leaves refers to "GB 2635—1992 Flue-cured Tobacco" for harvesting tobacco leaves.

[0098] The identification standard of superior tobacco refers to "GB 2635—1992 Flue-cured Tobacco" for grading tobacco leaves.

[0099] Proportion of superior tobacco leaves (%) = (quality of superior tobacco leaves / quality of tobacco leaves meeting the harvesting standard) × 100%.

[0100] Incidence rate (%) = (number of diseased plants / total number of transplanted plants) × 100%.

[0101] Select the middle and upper tobacco leaves to determine the quality of flue-cured tobacco. The measurement indexes include the contents of total nitrogen, nicotine, total sugar, and potassium. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0102] The measurement method of total nitrogen content refers to YC / T 161-2002 Determination of Total Nitrogen in Tobacco and Tobacco Products - Continuous Flow Method for determination;

[0103] The measurement method of nicotine content refers to YC / T 160-2002 Determination of Total Alkaloids in Tobacco and Tobacco Products - Continuous Flow Method for determination.

[0104] The measurement method of total sugar content refers to YC / T 159-2019 Determination of Water-soluble Sugars in Tobacco and Tobacco Products - Continuous Flow Method for determination;

[0105] The determination method of potassium content was carried out with reference to YC / T 217-2007 Tobacco and Tobacco Products - Determination of Potassium - Continuous Flow Method.

[0106] Table 1 Yield, proportion of superior tobacco leaves, and incidence rate of tobacco leaves under each treatment

[0107]

[0108] As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention increases the yield of tobacco leaves. Applying nano - fertilizer on the basis of basic fertilizer (macronutrients) can significantly increase the per - mu yield of tobacco leaves. Compared with Treatment 1, the yield of Treatment 2 increased by 8.74%; after further adding surfactant (citric acid), the yield of Treatment 3 increased by 10.93% compared with Treatment 1, indicating that citric acid can promote the absorption of macronutrients and nano - elements, thus promoting the increase of tobacco leaf yield; after adding chitosan (Treatment 4) and plant extract (Treatment 5), the yield further increased, increasing by 12.57% and 14.21% respectively compared with Treatment 1. Finally, on the basis of Example 1, discarding trehalose resulted in a decrease in yield, and the growth rate relative to Treatment 1 was 13.66%.

[0109] The proportion of superior tobacco leaves increased significantly. Applying nano - fertilizer on the basis of basic fertilizer (macronutrients) can increase the proportion of superior tobacco leaves. Compared with Treatment 1, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves in Treatment 2 increased by 7.14%. However, on this basis, after adding surfactant (citric acid) and chitosan, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves did not increase significantly further. Until Treatment 5 using the composite nano - foliar fertilizer of Example 1, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves increased significantly compared with Treatment 1, with a growth rate of 23.81%. However, on the basis of Example 1, after discarding chitosan, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves decreased significantly again, and the growth rate decreased to 11.90%. This shows that chitosan and plant extract have a synergistic effect on producing superior tobacco leaves.

[0110] The incidence rate decreased significantly. It can be seen that after applying nano-fertilizer on the basis of Treatment 1, the incidence rate of black shank disease dropped below 3%. After that, when surfactant, chitosan and plant extract were added, the incidence rate of black shank disease in each treatment decreased, but the decrease range was not large. Therefore, it can be considered that the use of nano-fertilizer improved the resistance of tobacco plants to black shank disease. For mosaic disease, the incidence rate of Treatment 1 was 14.00%. After adding nano-fertilizer, surfactant and chitosan on the basis of the macronutrients in Treatment 1, although it was improved to some extent, the incidence rate was still relatively high. However, after applying the composite nano foliar fertilizer containing plant extract in Treatment 5, the incidence rate of mosaic disease dropped to 5.33%. And on this basis, the incidence rate of Treatment 6 without chitosan did not increase significantly. Therefore, it can be considered that plant extract has a significant resistance effect on mosaic disease, thus improving the resistance of tobacco to mosaic disease. The incidence rate of brown spot disease showed a similar trend to that of mosaic disease. Therefore, the composite nano foliar fertilizer provided by the present invention can significantly improve the resistance of tobacco to mosaic disease and brown spot disease.

[0111] Table 2 Tobacco leaf quality of each treatment

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] As can be seen from Table 2, after adding nano-fertilizer, the content of total nitrogen in middle leaves and upper leaves can be increased to a certain extent, while the addition of plant extract can reduce the content of total nitrogen, making the aroma of the whole tobacco leaf softer and the quality higher. After adding nano-fertilizer and surfactant (citric acid), the nicotine content decreased; the total sugar content of Treatments 5 and 6 increased significantly compared with other treatments; the potassium content increased significantly. In summary, the composite nano foliar fertilizer provided by the present invention can improve the quality of tobacco leaves as a whole.

[0115] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite nano foliar fertilizer, characterized in that: The composition includes the following ingredients: macroelements, nanoelements, surfactants, stabilizers, chitosan, plant extracts and water; The nano elements include nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium and nano hafnium.

2. The composite nano foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The macroelements include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The content of the nitrogen in the foliar fertilizer calculated as N is 100-200 g / L, the content of the phosphorus in the foliar fertilizer calculated as P2O5 is 40-60 g / L, and the content of the potassium in the foliar fertilizer calculated as K2O is 100-200 g / L.

3. The composite nano foliar fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contents of the nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium and nano hafnium in the foliar fertilizer are 10-50 g / L, 20-80 g / L, 20-60 g / L, 1-10 g / L and 1-10 g / L respectively.

4. The composite nano foliar fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfactant is citric acid, and the content of the citric acid in the foliar fertilizer is 0.1-1 g / L.

5. The composite nano foliar fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stabilizer is xanthan gum or carboxymethyl cellulose, the content of the xanthan gum in the foliar fertilizer is 10-20 g / L, and the content of the carboxymethyl cellulose in the foliar fertilizer is 1-5 g / L.

6. The composite nano foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The content of chitosan in the foliar fertilizer is 1-5 g / L; the plant extracts include aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract, and the content of the plant extracts in the foliar fertilizer is 20-30 g / L; the mass ratio of the aloe extract, astragalus extract, licorice extract, houttuynia extract and chrysanthemum extract is 8-12:4-6:4-6:2-3:2-3.

7. A method for preparing the composite nano foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) adding water to dissolve the macro-elements and nano-elements respectively to obtain a basic nutrient solution containing the macro-elements and a nano-suspension containing the nano-elements; (2) After the basic nutrient solution and the nano suspension are mixed, a surfactant, a stabilizer, chitosan, a plant extract and the remaining water are added, and the pH value is adjusted to obtain the composite nano foliar fertilizer.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pH value is 6.0-7.

5.

9. Use of the composite nano foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the composite nano foliar fertilizer obtained by the preparation method according to claim 7 or 8 in tobacco.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The composite nano foliar fertilizer is applied to tobacco crops by foliar spraying at different growth stages of tobacco. The composite nano foliar fertilizer is diluted 40 to 50 times with water and then sprayed on the leaves.

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