Thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoplastic high-strength fiber covering yarn woven fabric and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric comprises the following steps: 1) impregnating high-strength fiber core yarns in a resin sizing agent and resin slurry, and carrying out pre-impregnation treatment to obtain pretreated high-strength fiber core yarns; wherein the material of the resin slurry is selected from at least one of polyether-ether-ketone, nylon and polypropylene; 2) coating the surface of the pretreated high-strength fiber core yarn with resin yarn by using a wrapping machine to obtain covering yarn; and (3) taking the covering yarns as warp yarns and weft yarns, finishing a threading process after the warp yarns are subjected to warping, denting, drafting and dropper threading, respooling the weft yarns, introducing the weft yarns into the fabric through a weft insertion device, interweaving the weft yarns with the warp yarns, and coating the surfaces of the warp yarns with the weft yarns to obtain the fabric. The thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven fabric has excellent mechanical properties and good weaving performance, and can be used for mass production of the thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and relates to a woven fabric of a thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Carbon fiber and glass fiber reinforced composites have the characteristics of high specific strength and specific stiffness, good dimensional stability, strong designability, etc., and have been widely used in the fields of national defense, aerospace, and sports and leisure in recent decades. Traditional fiber reinforced composites are usually made by impregnating unidirectional fibers with resin and then curing at high temperature. Although such materials have excellent properties, the prefabricated parts are bulky, have low flexibility and insufficient interfacial bonding strength, which are not convenient for storage and transportation. In addition, the prefabricated parts of prepreg composites are costly and time-consuming to manufacture, limited in size and shape complexity, and have strict requirements for storage and handling. At the same time, their in-plane shear strength and interlaminar shear strength are low, and their impact toughness and thickness-direction stiffness are also low.

[0003] In the modern industrial field, the importance of weaving technology has become increasingly prominent. It not only plays a crucial role in the traditional textile industry but also an indispensable role in the manufacturing of composite materials. Through weaving technology, high-performance fibers can be woven into fabrics with specific structures, making the manufacturing of materials more flexible and efficient. Compared with traditional laminated composite materials, woven composite materials have many performance advantages. Laminated composite materials are usually formed by stacking and curing single-layer prepregs at specific angles. Although they can achieve high strength and stiffness, they have deficiencies in interlaminar strength and impact resistance. Woven composite materials, on the other hand, form a more complex three-dimensional structure by interweaving fibers in multiple directions, thus having obvious advantages in improving interlaminar strength and delamination resistance. Due to the specific distribution of yarns in the microstructure, woven structural composite materials have excellent mechanical properties. Multidirectional fiber composite materials have balanced mechanical properties in multiple directions, enabling the material to perform well under multiaxial stress and being particularly suitable for use in components with complex structures. Secondly, multidirectional fiber composite materials have a higher damage tolerance and can still maintain good overall performance even when locally damaged. In addition, this material also has good thermal stress mismatch performance, which can effectively reduce internal stress caused by temperature changes. Compared with laminated composite materials, multidirectional fiber composite materials have significant improvements in impact resistance, fatigue resistance, and the stability of the overall structure. These advantages have enabled multidirectional fiber composite materials to be widely used in fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and sports equipment. However, despite the significant advantages shown by woven composite materials, there are still problems with resin impregnation difficulties in their production. Especially in multilayer woven structures, due to the need to repeatedly perform weaving, impregnation, and curing processes, it is easy to result in low resin content inside the fiber bundles, uneven resin distribution, and weak interlaminar bonding force, affecting the overall performance of the material. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] By improving the yarn structure and preparation process, the present invention enables it to have excellent mechanical properties while also having good weavability and being capable of being used in the mass production of thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven fabrics. The present invention will solve the resin impregnation problem of fiber-reinforced composite materials, improve the mechanical properties, production efficiency, and interlaminar bonding strength of composite materials, and reduce the storage and transportation difficulty of composite materials.

[0006] A preparation method of a thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric provided by the present invention includes the following steps: 1) impregnating high-strength fiber core yarns in a resin sizing agent and a resin slurry for pre-impregnation treatment to obtain pre-treated high-strength fiber core yarns; Among them, the material of the resin slurry is selected from at least one of polyetheretherketone, nylon, and polypropylene; 2) Using a wrapping machine, wrap the resin yarn around the surface of the pretreated high-strength fiber core yarn to obtain a core-spun yarn; 3) Use the core-spun yarn as the warp and weft yarns. After the warp yarns complete the yarn threading process through warping, reed threading, heddle threading, and stop motion threading, and the weft yarns are introduced into the fabric through a weft insertion device after rewinding and form an interlacement with the warp yarns, and the weft yarns are wrapped on the surface of the warp yarns, then a woven fabric of thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn is obtained.

[0007] In the above preparation method, in step 1), the material of the high-strength fiber core yarn is selected from at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and basalt fiber; The material of the resin yarn is selected from at least one of polyetheretherketone, nylon, and polypropylene; The resin sizing agent includes at least one of ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate, cyclohexanone, and a dichloromethane solution of polyetheretherketone.

[0008] In the above preparation method, in step 2), the wrapping parameters of the wrapping machine are as follows: the wrapping speed is 1200 - 1400 m / h, and the twist is 1800 - 2400 turns / m; the wrapping is generally divided into single wrapping and double wrapping, with single wrapping being one yarn and double wrapping being two yarns.

[0009] In the above preparation method, in step 2), the resin yarn is wrapped around the surface of the pretreated high-strength fiber core yarn through bidirectional interlaced wrapping of Z twist and S twist. In the above preparation method, in step 3), the warp yarns form an interlacement with the warp yarns through a loom; The parameters of the loom are as follows: the warp beam tension can be 10 - 15 N; the weaving speed can be 30 - 40 picks per minute.

[0010] The present invention also provides a woven fabric of thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn prepared by the above preparation method.

[0011] The present invention further provides a preparation method for a rigid material of a woven fabric of thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn, including the following steps: subjecting the woven fabric of thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn to curing to obtain the rigid material of the woven fabric of thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn.

[0012] In the above preparation method, the curing conditions are as follows: orthogonally lay 5 - 10 layers of the thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric on the male mold of the molding press at 0 / 90°; at 80 - 85 °C and a pressure of 10 - 12 MPa, press for 10 - 15 min to complete preforming and trim the edges; then at 130 - 150 °C and a pressure of 20 - 25 MPa, press for 40 - 60 min to complete curing and forming; subsequently, maintain a pressure of 20 - 25 MPa and reduce the temperature to 80 - 85 °C.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Core yarn fiber protection and reinforcement The present invention realizes in-situ full-coverage wrapping of the core yarn fiber through the Z-twist and S-twist bidirectional wrapping technology, which has a protective and reinforcing effect on the core yarn. For example, it avoids the phenomena of carbon fiber breakage and carbon wire dispersion in the traditional wrapping process, effectively protects the integrity of the fiber, and at the same time avoids local stress concentration, significantly improving the mechanical properties and safety of the material.

[0014] 2. Can realize the coordinated optimization of flexibility and strength The thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven prefabricated composite material developed by the present invention still has extremely high strength and stability while maintaining high flexibility. It can be curled, wound, and bent, greatly enhancing its operability, solving the problem of insufficient flexibility of traditional high-strength fiber-reinforced composite materials, expanding its application range, and reducing storage and transportation costs.

[0015] 3. Break through the limitation of poor weavability of high-strength fibers The present invention effectively solves the technical bottleneck that high-strength fiber materials such as carbon fiber and glass fiber are difficult to be woven, knitted, and braided into shape in the traditional process. Through the improved wrapping process, the high-strength fiber / resin core-spun yarn of the present invention can be directly used for woven forming, broadening the application prospects of these materials, especially having significant advantages in industries with high material performance requirements such as aerospace and automotive.

[0016] 4. Solve the problem of uneven sizing of prepreg materials The core-spun yarn of the present invention can effectively replace traditional prepreg materials and overcome the common problem of uneven sizing in prepreg materials. Based on the high-strength fiber / resin core-spun yarn of the present invention, it can be woven into a single-layer or multi-layer integrated fabric structure through the weaving forming process. Generally speaking, the resin is evenly distributed in the fabric. Thereby improving the manufacturing quality and production efficiency of the composite material, reducing the defects generated in the production process, and enhancing the overall performance of the final product.

[0017] 5. Improvement of mechanical properties after forming The core-spun yarn of the present invention can be transformed from a flexible material into a rigid material through a forming process such as high-temperature curing. After curing, the resin in the yarn is evenly distributed, further improving the durability, interfacial bonding strength, rigidity and strength of the material. Compared with the traditional process, the present invention ensures the uniform distribution of the resin and all-round enhancement, greatly improving the overall mechanical properties and service life of the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram for the preparation of high-strength fiber pre-impregnated resin and high-strength fiber / resin core-spun yarn of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven prefabricated composite material of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a physical diagram of a carbon fiber / polyether ether ketone core-spun yarn woven fabric in Example 1.

[0021] Each mark in the figure is as follows: Among them, 1-unwinder; 2-high-strength fiber; 3-drying cylinder; 4-free guiding roller; 5-sizing bath; 6-impregnation bath; 7-wrapping machine yarn bobbin; 8-resin yarn; 9-high-strength fiber / resin core-spun yarn; 10-winding bobbin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0024] Example 1 This example provides a carbon fiber / polyether ether ketone core-spun yarn woven fabric, as Figure 3 shown. The carbon fiber / polyether ether ketone core-spun yarn includes 1 3k / T700 continuous carbon fiber core wire located at the center of the yarn and 2 238 D / 30 F polyether ether ketone filaments wrapped on the surface. The covering rate of the core-spun yarn is above 99%, and the tensile strength is above 200 MPa.

[0025] 1. According to the technical requirements of carbon fiber pre-impregnation, 1 3k / T700 carbon fiber (CF) yarn is fixed in the high-strength fiber pre-impregnation system in the order of unwinder 1, drying cylinder 3; sizing bath 5; impregnation bath 6; and multiple yarn guiding rollers 4. Add a carboxyl-modified PEEK sizing agent to the sizing bath 5, add a uniformly dispersed peek turbid solution to the impregnation bath 6, set the temperature of the drying cylinder 3 to 300 °C, and carry out carbon fiber pre-impregnation processing.

[0026] 2. Use a filament splitting machine to wind 238D / 30F polyether ether ketone (Peek) yarns around the resin yarn tube 10 of the covering machine at a constant tension. The winding parameters are: winding speed of 2000 rpm, traverse speed of 100 rpm, and yarn length of 1500 m.

[0027] 3. Take the carbon fiber after the above-mentioned pre-impregnation processing as the core wire, and use Peek yarn as the covering wire. Equip 2 resin yarn tubes wound with peek yarns on the yarn bobbin 7 of the covering machine to prepare CF / Peek core-spun yarn. The parameters of the covering machine are set as follows: covering speed: 1200 m / h, twist: 2400 turns / m.

[0028] 4. Use the above-mentioned CF / Peek core-spun yarn as the warp and weft yarns for double-yarn plain weaving. The warp beam tension is 10 N; the weaving speed is: 35 picks per minute. Its structural schematic diagram is as Figure 2 shown, and the physical object of the woven fabric is as Figure 3 shown.

[0029] Example 2 The materials and methods are the same as those in Example 1, except that the carbon fiber is replaced by glass fiber.

[0030] Examples 3 and 4 The materials and methods are the same as those in Example 1, except that the polyether ether ketone is replaced by polypropylene and nylon.

[0031] Examples 5 and 6 The materials and methods are the same as those in Example 2, except that the polyether ether ketone is replaced by polypropylene and nylon.

[0032] The mechanical properties of the thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven preforms prepared in the above Examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0033] It can be seen from Table 1 that by comparing the performance data of Examples 1-6 with that of carbon fiber cloth, it can be known that the density of the plain woven fabric woven based on high-strength fiber-resin core-spun yarn is between the densities of high-strength fiber and resin yarn. While having more excellent mechanical properties than carbon fiber cloth, it also has a more excellent elongation at break. With the change of the selected resin yarn, its mechanical properties also change accordingly. The tensile strength specifically shows that high-strength fiber-polyether ether ketone > high-strength fiber-nylon 66 > high-strength fiber-polypropylene, and the elongation at break specifically shows that high-strength fiber-nylon 66 > high-strength fiber-polypropylene > high-strength fiber-polyether ether ketone. For carbon fiber and glass fiber, when the resin is the same, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber-resin woven fabric is better than that of the glass fiber-resin woven fabric, and the elongation at break of the glass fiber-resin woven fabric is better than that of the carbon fiber-resin woven fabric.

[0034] Example 7 The thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven preform developed in the above Examples 1-6 was hot-pressed and cured at high temperature. The curing process was as follows: 5 layers of thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven preforms were orthogonally laminated at 0 / 90° on the male mold of a molding press; at 85 °C and a pressure of 10 MPa, it was molded for 10 min to complete preforming and trimming; then at 130 °C and a pressure of 20 MPa, it was molded for 40 min to complete curing and forming; subsequently, while maintaining a pressure of 20 MPa, the temperature was lowered to 85 °C.

[0035] The cured thermoplastic high-strength fiber woven preform was transformed from flexible to rigid, and its mechanical properties are shown in Table 2.

[0036] Table 2

[0037] As can be seen from Table 2, the high-strength fiber / resin core-spun yarn woven fabric after high-temperature curing was transformed from flexible to rigid. By comparison, the density of the plain woven fabric based on high-strength fiber-resin core-spun yarns was between the densities of high-strength fibers and resin yarns. With the change of the selected resin yarn, its mechanical properties also changed. The tensile strength was specifically shown as high-strength fiber-polyetheretherketone > high-strength fiber-nylon 66 > high-strength fiber-polypropylene; the elongation at break was specifically shown as high-strength fiber-nylon 66 > high-strength fiber-polypropylene > high-strength fiber-polyetheretherketone; the flexural strength was specifically shown as high-strength fiber-polyetheretherketone > high-strength fiber-nylon 66 > high-strength fiber-polypropylene. For carbon fiber and glass fiber, under the same resin condition, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber-resin woven fabric was better than that of the glass fiber-resin woven fabric, the elongation at break of the glass fiber-resin woven fabric was better than that of the carbon fiber-resin woven fabric, and the flexural strength of the carbon fiber-resin woven fabric was better than that of the glass fiber-resin woven fabric.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric, comprising the following steps: 1) impregnating the high-strength fiber core yarn in a resin sizing agent and a resin slurry for pre-preg treatment to obtain a pre-treated high-strength fiber core yarn; in, The material of the resin slurry is selected from at least one of polyetheretherketone, nylon and polypropylene; 2) using a wrapping machine to wrap the resin yarn on the surface of the pretreated high-strength fiber core yarn to obtain the core-covered yarn; 3) The core-spun yarn is used as warp yarn and weft yarn. The warp yarn is threaded through warping, reeding, heddle drawing and stopper piece. The weft yarn is introduced into the fabric through a weft insertion device after rewinding to form an interweaving with the warp yarn. The weft yarn is coated on the surface of the warp yarn to obtain a thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the material of the high-strength fiber core yarn is selected from at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber; The material of the resin yarn is selected from at least one of polyetheretherketone, nylon and polypropylene; The resin sizing agent includes at least one of a dichloromethane solution of ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate, cyclohexanone, and polyetheretherketone.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step 2), the wrapping parameters of the wrapping machine are as follows: the wrapping speed is 1200-1400 m / h, and the twist is 1800-2400 twists / m.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that In step 2), the resin yarn is coated on the surface of the pretreated high-strength fiber core yarn by bidirectional interweaving of Z twist and S twist.

5. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step 3), the warp yarns are interwoven with each other through a loom; The parameters of the loom are as follows: the warp tension is 10-15N; the weaving speed is 30-40 picks / min.

6. Thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A method for preparing a rigid material of a thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric, comprising the following steps: curing the thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric described in claim 6 to obtain the rigid material of the thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The curing conditions are as follows: 5 to 10 layers of the thermoplastic high-strength fiber core-spun yarn woven fabric are orthogonally stacked at 0 / 90° on the positive mold of the molding machine; the pre-molding is completed and the edges are trimmed at 80 to 85°C and 10 to 12 MPa pressure; then the pre-molding is completed at 130 to 150°C and 20 to 25 MPa pressure for 40 to 60 minutes; and the curing molding is completed; then the pressure is maintained at 20 to 25 MPa and the temperature is reduced to 80 to 85°C.

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