Draft tube arrangement and method of regulation

Abstract

The application provides a draft tube device and a regulating method, wherein the draft tube device comprises: a draft tube body having a water inlet and a water outlet; a water blocking structure comprising a first driving structure and a water blocking piece, the first driving structure being connected with the draft tube body, the first driving structure being drivingly matched with the water blocking piece, the water blocking piece being rotatably arranged at the water inlet, the water blocking structure having an avoiding state and a water blocking state; an inflation structure comprising a plurality of inflation pieces arranged at the water inlet, the first end of each inflation piece being connected with a gas extraction structure, the second end of each inflation piece extending into the draft tube body and being located at the water inlet, a plurality of gas outlets being arranged on each inflation piece; a pressure detection piece arranged on the water blocking piece; and a controller being signal connected with the pressure detection piece, the first driving structure and the inflation structure. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the tail water vortex belt can damage the inner wall of the draft tube body in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of impact engine technology, and more specifically, to a tailpipe device and adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydropower, impulse engines, such as water turbines, are key equipment for converting the energy of flowing water into rotational mechanical energy. The draft tube of a water turbine, serving as the channel through which water flows from the runner into the downstream water body, has a significant impact on the overall efficiency and stability of the turbine. However, in existing technologies, during turbine operation, especially under high head and high flow conditions, a localized low-pressure zone easily forms at the inlet of the draft tube below the runner, resulting in a draft tube vortex phenomenon. Air bubbles in the draft tube burst under pressure changes, causing cavitation, which not only damages the inner wall of the draft tube, causing unit vibration and noise, but also reduces the turbine's operating efficiency. Cavitation mainly occurs due to uneven pressure distribution caused by shear flow as water passes through the runner, and the ineffective replenishment of air at the draft tube inlet.

[0003] Currently, common methods for solving cavitation problems include optimizing turbine runner design, increasing water flow pressure at the tailrace inlet, or using anti-cavitation materials. Although these methods can alleviate cavitation to some extent, they all have certain limitations. For example, optimizing the runner design may increase the turbine's manufacturing cost, and increasing water flow pressure may lead to increased energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a tailrace pipe device and adjustment method to solve the problem in related technologies where tailrace vortexes can damage the inner wall of the tailrace pipe body.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a tailrace pipe device is provided, comprising: a tailrace pipe body having an inlet and an outlet; a water-blocking structure including a first driving structure and a water-blocking member, the first driving structure being connected to the tailrace pipe body and drivingly cooperating with the water-blocking member, the water-blocking member being rotatably disposed at the inlet, and the water-blocking structure having an avoidance state and a water-blocking state; an inflation structure and an air extraction structure, the inflation structure including a plurality of inflation members disposed at the inlet, the first end of each inflation member being connected to the air extraction structure, the second end of each inflation member extending into the tailrace pipe body and located at the inlet, and each inflation member being provided with a plurality of air outlets; a pressure detection element disposed on the water-blocking member; and a controller being signal-connected to the pressure detection element, the first driving structure, and the inflation structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the air component includes an inflation tube and an inflation head. The first end of the inflation tube is connected to the air extraction structure, and the inflation head is located at the second end of the inflation tube. The inflation head has multiple air outlets.

[0007] Furthermore, the inflation structure also includes multiple second drive structures, each of which is connected to the controller signal. Each of the multiple second drive structures is set up in a one-to-one correspondence with a multiple inflation tube, and the corresponding second drive structure cooperates with the inflation tube to drive the inflation tube to extend and retract along the direction from the inside of the tailwater pipe body to the outside of the tailwater pipe body.

[0008] Furthermore, the extension length of the inflation tube is L, and L satisfies: in: ω is vorticity, s -1 ; ▽ represents the Hamiltonian operator; t represents the running time of the second driving structure, in seconds.

[0009] Furthermore, the inflation structure also includes an annular connecting pipe, which has a first connecting port and multiple second connecting ports. The first connecting port is connected to the air extraction structure, and the multiple second connecting ports are connected to the first ends of multiple inflation pipes one by one.

[0010] Furthermore, each second drive structure is connected between the annular connecting pipe and the inflation pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple first drive structures and multiple water baffles, with each first drive structure and multiple water baffles arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple water baffles are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the inlet of the tailwater pipe body.

[0012] Furthermore, the tailwater pipe assembly also includes mounting components, with the second end of each water-blocking component rotatably connected to the mounting components.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting component is a mounting ring, which is located at the center of the inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, in the circumferential direction at the water inlet, at least one air-filled component is provided between any two adjacent water-blocking components.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for adjusting a tailrace pipe device is provided, for adjusting the tailrace pipe device, wherein the tailrace pipe device is the tailrace pipe device described above, and the tailrace pipe device adjustment method includes:

[0016] The operation of the first drive structure and the inflation structure is controlled based on the pressure detection value;

[0017] When the pressure detection value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the controller controls the first drive structure to operate, so that the water-blocking structure switches from the avoidance state to the water-blocking state, and controls multiple inflatable components to inflate.

[0018] When the pressure detection value is greater than the second preset value, the controller controls the first drive structure to stop running so that the water-blocking structure remains in the avoidance state.

[0019] According to the technical solution of this invention, the tailrace pipe device includes a tailrace pipe body, a water-blocking structure, an air-inflating structure, an air-extraction structure, a pressure detection element, and a controller. The tailrace pipe body has an inlet and an outlet. The water-blocking structure includes a first driving structure connected to the tailrace pipe body and a water-blocking component that drives and cooperates with the first driving structure. The water-blocking component is rotatably disposed at the inlet. The air-inflating structure includes multiple air-inflating components disposed at the inlet. The first end of each air-inflating component is connected to the air-extraction structure, and the second end of each air-inflating component extends into the tailrace pipe body. The second end of each air-inflating component is located at the inlet, and each air-inflating component has multiple air outlets. The pressure detection element is disposed on the water-blocking component. The controller is signal-connected to the pressure detection element, the first driving structure, and the air-inflating structure. With the above-described configuration, when the pressure detection device detects low pressure, the controller controls the first drive structure to operate, causing it to rotate the water-blocking component. This switches the water-blocking component from an avoidance state to a water-blocking state, thereby disrupting the draft tube vortex. This prevents bubbles in the draft tube from contacting the inner wall of the draft tube body during flow, which would otherwise cause bubble collapse and release energy, forming micro-shock waves and resulting in cavitation, damaging the inner wall of the draft tube body and causing turbine vibration and noise. The controller can also control the operation of the air-filling component of the air-filling structure, allowing gas to enter the draft tube body through multiple air outlets for air replenishment. Therefore, the technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of draft tube vortex damaging the inner wall of the draft tube body in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the tailrace pipe device according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the water-blocking structure and the air-filling structure of the tailwater pipe device;

[0023] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the air-filling component and the second drive structure of the tailrace pipe device.

[0024] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tailrace pipe assembly;

[0025] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the water-blocking component of the tailwater pipe device;

[0026] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the water-blocking component.

[0027] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0028] 10. Tailwater pipe body; 11. Inlet; 12. Outlet; 20. Water-blocking structure; 21. First drive structure; 22. Water-blocking component; 221. Water-blocking plate; 2211. Plate segment; 222. Elastic reset component; 30. Inflating structure; 31. Inflating component; 311. Air outlet; 312. Inflating pipe; 313. Inflating head; 314. Connecting pipe; 3141. First pipe segment; 3142. Second pipe segment; 32. Second drive structure; 33. Annular connecting pipe; 40. Air extraction structure; 50. Pressure detection component; 60. Controller; 70. Mounting component; 71. Mounting ring; 80. First connecting component; 81. First connecting shaft; 82. Sliding plate; 90. Third drive structure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0032] When water flows through the turbine runner, the rotation of the runner causes shear flow, which creates a local low pressure at the lower end of the runner. When the local pressure in the water drops below the vapor pressure of water, bubbles are generated in the water, forming a spiral tailrace vortex. When the bubbles in the tailrace vortex come into contact with the inner wall of the tailrace tube during the flow, they burst and release energy, forming tiny shock waves, which is the phenomenon of cavitation. This damages the inner wall of the tailrace tube, causing turbine vibration and noise.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tailwater pipe device of this embodiment includes: a tailwater pipe body 10, a water-blocking structure 20, an air-inflating structure 30, an air-extraction structure 40, a pressure detection element 50, and a controller 60. The tailwater pipe body 10 has an inlet 11 and an outlet 12. The water-blocking structure 20 includes a first driving structure 21 and a water-blocking element 22. The first driving structure 21 is connected to the tailwater pipe body 10, and the first driving structure 21 drives the water-blocking element 22. The water-blocking element 22 is rotatably disposed at the inlet 11. The air-inflating structure 30 includes a plurality of air-inflating elements 31 disposed at the inlet 11. The first end of each air-inflating element 31 is connected to the air-extraction structure 40, and the second end of each air-inflating element 31 extends into the tailwater pipe body 10 and is located at the inlet 11. Each air-inflating element 31 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 311. The pressure detection element 50 is disposed on the water-blocking element 22. The controller 60 is connected to the pressure detection element 50, the first drive structure 21, and the inflation structure 30 via signals.

[0034] Using the technical solution of this embodiment, the tailwater pipe device includes a tailwater pipe body 10, a water-blocking structure 20, an air-inflating structure 30, an air-extraction structure 40, a pressure detection element 50, and a controller 60. The tailwater pipe body 10 has an inlet 11 and an outlet 12. The water-blocking structure 20 includes a first driving structure 21 connected to the tailwater pipe body 10 and a water-blocking member 22 driven and cooperated with the first driving structure 21. The water-blocking member 22 is rotatably disposed at the inlet 11. The air-inflating structure 30 includes a plurality of air-inflating members 31 disposed at the inlet 11. The first end of each air-inflating member 31 is connected to the air-extraction structure 40, and the second end of each air-inflating member 31 extends into the tailwater pipe body 10. The second end of each air-inflating member 31 is located at the inlet 11, and each air-inflating member 31 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 311. The pressure detection element 50 is disposed on the water-blocking member 22. The controller 60 is signal-connected to the pressure detection element 50, the first drive structure 21, and the air-filling structure 30. Through the above configuration, when the pressure detection element 50 detects a low pressure, the controller 60 controls the first drive structure 21 to operate, causing it to rotate the water-blocking element 22. This switches the water-blocking structure 20 from an avoidance state to a water-blocking state, allowing the water-blocking element 22 to disrupt the tailrace vortex. This prevents bubbles in the tailrace vortex from contacting the inner wall of the tailrace tube body 10 during flow, which would cause bubble collapse and release energy, forming micro-shock waves, i.e., cavitation, damaging the inner wall of the tailrace tube body 10 and causing turbine vibration and noise. The controller 60 can also control the operation of the air-filling element 31 of the air-filling structure 30, allowing gas to enter the tailrace tube body 10 through multiple air outlets 311 for air replenishment. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of tailrace vortex damaging the inner wall of the tailrace tube body in related technologies.

[0035] When the water-blocking structure 20 is in the avoidance state, the width direction of the water-blocking component 22 is parallel to the height direction of the tailwater pipe body 10. When the water-blocking structure 20 is in the water-blocking state, the width direction of the water-blocking component 22 has a preset angle with the height direction of the tailwater pipe body 10, and the inflation component 31 is inflated. In the width direction of the water-blocking component 22, the thickness of the water-blocking component first increases and then decreases, and the two ends of the width direction of the water-blocking component are rounded.

[0036] It should be noted that the tailrace pipe is one of the core components of the turbine. It is installed inside the concrete and its main function is to guide the water flow through the runner and ensure the stability of the turbine operation.

[0037] The water-blocking component 22 includes a water-blocking plate 221, which has a streamlined shape and is made of high-strength stainless steel.

[0038] The pressure detection element 50 is a pressure sensor. The pressure detection element 50 is used to monitor the water pressure at the inlet 11 of the tailwater pipe body 10.

[0039] The first drive structure 21 can rotate the baffle plate according to the detection value of the pressure detection element 50. When a spiral tailwater vortex appears, a low-pressure area will be formed. The controller 60 controls the first drive structure 21 to start, so that the baffle plate is placed horizontally, that is, the baffle element 22 is in the water blocking state, which will destroy the generated tailwater vortex. When no spiral tailwater vortex appears, in order to reduce the head loss during the water flow process, the controller 60 controls the first drive structure 21 to start, so that the baffle plate is placed vertically, that is, the baffle element 22 is in the avoidance state.

[0040] The first drive structure 21 is a drive motor.

[0041] The signal connection can be wired or wireless.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inflation component 31 includes an inflation tube 312 and an inflation head 313. The first end of the inflation tube 312 is connected to the suction structure 40, and the inflation head 313 is disposed at the second end of the inflation tube 312. The inflation head 313 has multiple air outlets 311. The suction structure 40 can extract gas, facilitating the flow of gas through the inflation tube 312 to the inflation head 313, and then out through the multiple air outlets 311 on the inflation head 313. The air outlets 311 ensure uniform gas replenishment, avoiding flow turbulence caused by uneven gas replenishment.

[0043] Both the inflation tube 312 and the inflation head 313 are made of high-strength stainless steel.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inflation structure 30 further includes multiple second drive structures 32, each of which is signal-connected to the controller 60. Each second drive structure 32 is correspondingly arranged with a corresponding inflation tube 312, and the corresponding second drive structure 32 drives the inflation tube 312 to extend or retract along the direction from the inside of the tailwater pipe body 10 to the outside of the tailwater pipe body 10. When the pressure detection element 50 detects a low pressure, the controller 60 controls the second drive structure 32 to operate, thereby causing the second drive structure 32 to extend or retract the inflation tube 312, facilitating the movement of the inflation tube 312 to a position with lower pressure for inflation.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the telescopic length of the inflation tube 312 is L, and L satisfies: in: ω is vorticity, s -1▽ represents the Hamiltonian operator. t represents the operating time of the hydraulic retractable device, in seconds. The above settings facilitate the determination of the retraction length of the inflation tube.

[0046] It should be noted that the value of t can be determined according to actual needs.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the inflation structure 30 further includes an annular connecting pipe 33. The annular connecting pipe 33 is provided with a first connecting port and a plurality of second connecting ports. The first connecting port is connected to the air extraction structure 40, and the plurality of second connecting ports are connected one-to-one with the first ends of the plurality of inflation pipes 312. The gas extracted by the air extraction structure 40 can flow into the annular connecting pipe 33 through the first connecting port, and then the gas can flow into each of the second connecting ports in the annular connecting pipe 33, and then into each inflation pipe 312.

[0048] The annular connecting pipe 33 is located outside the tailrace pipe body 10. This facilitates the maintenance of the annular connecting pipe 33. An installation space for the annular connecting pipe 33 is provided in the concrete outside the tailrace pipe device.

[0049] The air extraction structure 40 includes an air intake pipe and an air supply tank. The air supply tank has a storage space and an air inlet and an air outlet. Both the air inlet and the air outlet are connected to the storage space, and the air outlet is connected to a first connecting port. The air intake pipe is connected to the air inlet. A regulating valve is installed between the air supply tank and the first connecting port to control the connection between the air outlet and the first connecting port.

[0050] The air supply tank can draw in gas from the external environment, pressurize it, and ensure that high-pressure gas flows out through the outlet.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, each second driving structure 32 is connected between the annular connecting pipe 33 and the inflation pipe 312. This facilitates the movement of the inflation pipe 312 relative to the annular connecting pipe 33.

[0052] The second drive structure 32 extends from the outside of the tailwater pipe body 10 to the inside of the tailwater pipe body 10 and is connected to the air inlet pipe 312. The contact point between the second drive structure 32 and the tailwater pipe body 10 is sealed.

[0053] The second drive structure 32 is a hydraulic telescopic device. The hydraulic telescopic device has excellent sealing performance and there is no air leakage caused by poor sealing during the air replenishment process.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the inflation component 31 also includes a plurality of connecting pipes 314, with an inflation pipe 312 movably sleeved on the first end of the connecting pipe 314, and the second end of the connecting pipe 314 connected to the annular connecting pipe 33.

[0055] The connecting pipe 314 includes a first pipe section 3141 and a second pipe section 3142. The first end of the first pipe section 3141 extends into the inflation pipe 312, which is movably sleeved outside the first pipe section 3141. The first end of the second pipe section 3142 is connected to the first pipe section 3141, and the second end of the second pipe section 3142 is connected to the annular connecting pipe 33. The first pipe section 3141 passes through the interior of the hydraulic telescopic air replenishment device.

[0056] When the hydraulic expansion joint is replenished with oil, i.e., when the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic expansion joint increases, the air inlet pipe 312 can move towards the center of the water inlet. When the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic expansion joint decreases, the air inlet pipe 312 can move away from the center of the water inlet.

[0057] The connection between the inflation pipe 312 and the first pipe section 3141 can be sealed to prevent hydraulic oil from entering the inflation pipe 312 through the connection between the inflation pipe 312 and the first pipe section 3141.

[0058] The connecting pipe 314 also includes a tapered pipe section connected between the first pipe section 3141 and the second pipe section 3142, which allows the gas to flow more rapidly. The diameter of the tapered pipe section gradually decreases from the second pipe section 3142 to the inflation pipe 312, further enabling the gas to flow more rapidly.

[0059] The diameter of the end of the first pipe section 3141 away from the second pipe section 3142 gradually decreases in the direction from the second pipe section 3142 to the inflation pipe 312, which allows the gas to flow more quickly.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are multiple first driving structures 21 and multiple water-blocking components 22, with each first driving structure 21 and multiple water-blocking components 22 arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The multiple water-blocking components 22 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the inlet 11 of the tailwater pipe body 10. This allows the multiple water-blocking components 22 to cover a larger area, facilitating the disruption of the tailwater vortex by the water-blocking components 22.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the tailwater pipe device also includes a mounting member 70, and the second end of each water-blocking member 22 is rotatably connected to the mounting member 70. This allows the water-blocking member 22 to be arranged more stably within the tailwater pipe body 10, and facilitates the rotation of the water-blocking member 22 by the first driving structure 21.

[0062] In the radial direction at the inlet 11 of the tailwater pipe body 10, the mounting component 70, the water baffle 22, and the first drive structure 21 corresponding to the water baffle 22 are arranged sequentially from the inside of the tailwater pipe body 10 to the outside of the tailwater pipe body 10.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the mounting member 70 is a mounting ring 71, which is located at the center of the water inlet 11. The mounting ring 71 reduces the impact of the mounting member 70 on the water flow.

[0064] The tailrace pipe device also includes a flow velocity monitoring plate, which is set on the outer surface of the mounting ring 71.

[0065] The tailwater pipe assembly also includes a coupling, which is mounted on the mounting ring 71. The second end of the water-blocking member 22 is connected to the mounting ring 71 via the coupling.

[0066] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, at least one air-filling component 31 is provided between any two adjacent water-blocking components 22 in the circumferential direction at the water inlet 11. This facilitates the water-blocking components 22 in disrupting the tailwater vortex while the air-filling components 31 can also provide targeted air replenishment.

[0067] When the pressure detection device 50 detects that the water pressure is lower than the normal value, the pressure detection device 50 transmits the pressure information to the controller 60 set on the air replenishment tank via radio. The controller 60 controls the air intake pipe to draw in air, which is then forced into the annular connecting pipe 33 through the air replenishment tank. The annular connecting pipe 33 is located above the hydraulic telescopic device. The air enters multiple parallel air inflators 31 through the annular connecting pipe 33 and is inflated through the air inflator 313. The air inflator 31 can accurately replenish air according to the actual pressure, and at the same time, it can be retracted when air replenishment is not needed, reducing the head loss caused by local obstruction during water flow.

[0068] Multiple inspection wells are installed in the concrete outside the tailwater pipe device. There is one inspection well at each of the first drive structures 21 and one inspection well at each of the air extraction structures 40.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the baffle plate 221 includes multiple plate segments 2211, which are movably arranged in the radial direction of the water inlet 11, and adjacent plate segments 2211 are nested together.

[0070] The pressure detection element 50 includes multiple elements, and each plate segment 2211 is provided with one pressure detection element 50.

[0071] The water-blocking component 22 also includes multiple elastic reset components 222, with at least one elastic reset component provided between two adjacent plate segments 2211 in a water-blocking plate 221. This facilitates the reset of the plate segment 2211 after it has moved.

[0072] The tailwater pipe device also includes a first connector 80, which is connected between the coupling and the second end of the water baffle.

[0073] The first connector 80 includes a first connecting shaft 81 and a sliding plate 82, with the first connecting shaft 81 installed between the mounting member 70 and the sliding plate 82.

[0074] Specifically, the first connecting shaft 81 is installed between the coupling and the sliding plate 82.

[0075] The sliding plate 82 is located in the plate segment 2211 closest to the mounting member 70 among the multiple plate segments 2211, and is slidably disposed and guides the inner wall of the plate segment 2211.

[0076] The tailwater pipe device also includes a third drive structure 90 that is connected to the controller signal. The third drive structure 90 is disposed between the sliding plate 82 and the inner wall of a plate segment 2211 closest to the mounting member 70.

[0077] When the third drive structure 90 is in operation, it can push the plate segment 2211 closest to the mounting member 70 among the multiple plate segments 2211 to move away from the mounting member 70. As a result, all the plate segments 2211 can move away from the mounting member 70, that is, the length of the baffle plate 221 can be reduced, and the multiple plate segments 2211 can move to the area where the pressure value detected by the multiple pressure detection elements 50 is smaller, which is more convenient for more targeted destruction of the tailrace vortex.

[0078] The tailrace pipe assembly also includes a second connecting shaft connecting the first drive structure 21 and the baffle plate 221. Multiple second connecting shafts are included, each corresponding to one of the multiple first drive structures 21. A first end of each second connecting shaft is connected to the output shaft of the first drive structure 21. A second end of each second connecting shaft is connected to the plate segment 2211 furthest from the mounting member 70. The second connecting shaft extends out of the tailrace pipe body 10 and connects to the output shaft of the first drive structure 21. A sealed connection is established between the second connecting shaft and the tailrace pipe body 10.

[0079] The draft tube in this embodiment is a turbine draft tube with a vortex-eliminating and air-injection device for vibration and noise reduction. Vortex elimination is achieved through water-blocking components, and air injection is achieved through an air-injection structure, thereby achieving vibration and noise reduction.

[0080] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the tailwater pipe device adjustment method is used to adjust the tailwater pipe device, which is the tailwater pipe device described above. The tailwater pipe device adjustment method includes:

[0081] The operation of the first drive structure 21 and the inflation structure 30 is controlled based on the pressure detection value.

[0082] Specifically, when the pressure detection value is greater than a first preset value and less than or equal to a second preset value, the controller 60 controls the first drive structure 21 to operate, so that the water-blocking structure 20 switches from the avoidance state to the water-blocking state, and controls multiple inflation components 31 to inflate. When the pressure detection value is greater than the second preset value, the controller 60 controls the first drive structure 21 to stop operating, so that the water-blocking structure 20 remains in the avoidance state.

[0083] With the above settings, the controller can control the operation of the first drive structure and the inflation structure to inflate based on the detection value of the pressure sensor.

[0084] The first preset value is greater than 0. The second preset value is P, where P satisfies the condition that P is less than 0.7P. a P a Standard atmospheric pressure.

[0085] The steps for controlling the operation of the first drive structure 21 and the inflation structure 30 based on the pressure detection value include:

[0086] Pressure sensors detect pressure;

[0087] Flow rate monitoring strips detect flow rate.

[0088] With the above settings, when the flow velocity monitoring plate detects that the water flow velocity is too high, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure at the inlet 11 of the draft tube body 10 is too low, a draft vortex is generated. The first drive structure drives the water-blocking structure 20 to switch from the avoidance state to the water-blocking state, thereby disrupting the draft vortex. The air supply structure 30 delivers airflow into the draft tube body 10. The airflow is delivered to the low-pressure vortex area through the air supply component 31 to replenish the air, thereby eliminating the effect of bubbles generated by the draft vortex on the inner wall of the draft tube body 10, which would cause cavitation. This eliminates the damage to the draft tube body 10 caused by the collapse of steam bubbles and the noise generated, thereby improving the operating efficiency and stability of the turbine.

[0089] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0090] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0091] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0092] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailrace pipe device, characterized in that, include: The tailwater pipe body (10) has an inlet (11) and an outlet (12). The water-blocking structure (20) includes a first driving structure (21) and a water-blocking component (22). The first driving structure (21) is connected to the tailwater pipe body (10). The first driving structure (21) and the water-blocking component (22) drive each other. The water-blocking component (22) is rotatably disposed at the water inlet (11). The water-blocking structure (20) has an avoidance state and a water-blocking state. An inflation structure (30) and an air extraction structure (40) are provided. The inflation structure (30) includes a plurality of inflation components (31) provided at the water inlet (11). The first end of each inflation component (31) is connected to the air extraction structure (40). The second end of each inflation component (31) extends into the tailwater pipe body (10) and is located at the water inlet (11). Each inflation component (31) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (311). A pressure detection element (50) is installed on the water-blocking element (22); The controller (60) is signal connected to the pressure detection element (50), the first drive structure (21) and the inflation structure (30); The inflation component (31) includes an inflation tube (312) and an inflation head (313). The first end of the inflation tube (312) is connected to the air extraction structure (40), and the inflation head (313) is disposed at the second end of the inflation tube (312). The inflation head (313) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (311). The inflation structure (30) further includes a plurality of second drive structures (32), each of which is signal-connected to the controller (60). The plurality of second drive structures (32) are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of inflation tubes (312), and the corresponding second drive structures (32) cooperate with the inflation tubes (312) to drive the inflation tubes (312) to extend and retract along the direction from the inside of the tailwater pipe body (10) to the outside of the tailwater pipe body (10). When the water-blocking structure (20) is in the water-blocking state, the inflatable component (31) is inflated.

2. The tailrace pipe device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic length of the inflation tube (312) is L, and L satisfies: ； in: ; ω is vorticity, s -1 ; ▽ represents the Hamiltonian operator; t is the running time of the second drive structure, in seconds.

3. The tailrace pipe device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inflation structure (30) further includes an annular connecting pipe (33), which is provided with a first connecting port and a plurality of second connecting ports. The first connecting port is connected to the air extraction structure (40), and the plurality of second connecting ports are connected one-to-one with the first ends of the plurality of inflation pipes (312).

4. The tailrace pipe device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the second drive structures (32) is connected between the annular connecting pipe (33) and the inflation pipe (312).

5. The tailrace pipe device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple first drive structures (21) and multiple water baffles (22), and multiple first drive structures (21) and multiple water baffles (22) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple water baffles (22) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inlet (11) of the tailwater pipe body (10).

6. The tailrace pipe device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tailwater pipe device also includes an installation component (70), the second end of each of the water-blocking components (22) being rotatably connected to the installation component (70).

7. The tailrace pipe device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting component (70) is a mounting ring (71), which is located at the center of the inlet (11).

8. The tailrace pipe device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, At least one of the air-filling elements (31) is provided between any two adjacent water-blocking elements (22) in the circumferential direction at the water inlet (11).

9. A method for adjusting a tailrace pipe device, characterized in that, The tailwater pipe device is the tailwater pipe device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the tailwater pipe device adjustment method includes: The operation of the first drive structure (21) and the inflation structure (30) is controlled according to the pressure detection value; When the pressure detection value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the controller (60) controls the first drive structure (21) to operate, so that the water blocking structure (20) switches from the avoidance state to the water blocking state, and controls the multiple inflatable components (31) to inflate; When the pressure detection value is greater than the second preset value, the controller (60) controls the first drive structure (21) to stop running so that the water-blocking structure (20) remains in the avoidance state.

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