Anti-icing and deicing device for wind turbine generator blades

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generators, and discloses a wind turbine generator blade anti-icing and deicing device which comprises a fan blade and elastic outer films covering the surface of the fan blade, the elastic outer films are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fan blade correspondingly, and the multiple elastic outer films are arranged in the length direction of the fan blade. A plurality of deicing units are formed, and a fixing strip used for fixing the elastic outer films to the surface of the fan blade is arranged between every two adjacent elastic outer films. The fan blade further comprises a first positioning rod, a driving assembly and a linkage assembly, a second positioning groove used for containing the elastic outer film is formed in the leeside of the fan blade, and the driving assembly can drive the linkage assembly to lock the end of the elastic outer film in the second positioning groove; the driving assembly can drive the linkage assembly to unlock the elastic outer film. The energy consumption of deicing can be reduced, and the deicing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of wind turbines, and in particular to an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of wind power generation as an environmental-friendly energy source, wind power generation facilities are often installed in uninhabited desert areas or ocean regions. Although these areas are rich in wind resources, they are often cold. In such an environment, the blades of wind turbines are installed at a high position and continuously affected by wind force, so the blades of the wind turbines are prone to icing, which will affect the normal operation of the wind turbines and reduce the power generation efficiency. Although existing technologies have been dedicated to preventing blade icing, their effects are not satisfactory.

[0003] A common anti-icing technology is to blow hot air into the blade interior to heat the entire blade. The Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN220101438U sends the hot air formed by a blower and a heater to the interior of the wind turbine blade through a hot air pipeline, so as to achieve the effect of heating and de-icing.

[0004] In view of the above related technologies, due to the long length and large internal space of the wind turbine blade, to achieve the de-icing effect by filling the entire blade cavity with hot air, a large amount of hot air is required to effectively de-ice. This de-icing method has high energy consumption and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the energy consumption of de-icing and improve the de-icing efficiency, this application provides an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades.

[0006] This application provides an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades, adopting the following technical solutions: An anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades includes a wind turbine blade, and an elastic outer membrane covering the surface of the wind turbine blade. The elastic outer membrane is respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the wind turbine blade. An air inlet is formed between one end of the elastic outer membrane on the windward side and the surface of the wind turbine blade, and an air outlet is formed between one end of the elastic outer membrane on the leeward side and the surface of the wind turbine blade. A plurality of the elastic outer membranes are arranged along the length direction of the wind turbine blade to form a plurality of de-icing units. A fixing strip for fixing the elastic outer membrane to the surface of the wind turbine blade is arranged between two adjacent elastic outer membranes; It further includes a first positioning rod, which is arranged corresponding to the elastic outer membrane one by one. One end of the elastic outer membrane on the windward side is fixed to the first positioning rod, and a first positioning groove for clamping the first positioning rod is formed on one side of the wind turbine blade on the windward side; It further includes a driving component which can drive the first positioning rod to move away from the first positioning groove or insert into the first positioning groove; It further includes a linkage component. The wind turbine blade is provided with a second positioning groove for accommodating the elastic outer membrane on the leeward side. When the first positioning rod is inserted into the first positioning groove, the driving component can drive the linkage component to lock the end of the elastic outer membrane in the second positioning groove; when the driving component moves away from the first positioning groove, the driving component can drive the linkage component to unlock the elastic outer membrane.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving component can drive the first positioning rod to slide away from the first positioning groove and slide out of the first positioning groove. At this time, an air inlet is formed between one end of the elastic outer membrane located on the windward side and the surface of the wind turbine blade; the wind at high altitude can enter between the elastic outer membrane and the wind turbine blade from the air inlet, causing the elastic outer membrane to deform and expand, and the ice layer attached to the surface of the elastic outer membrane will crack due to stress and can be blown off by the wind; at the same time, the linkage component can unlock the end of the elastic outer membrane located on the leeward side. When the wind enters the elastic outer membrane, it can be discharged from the air outlet on the leeward side; in the above way, the de-icing effect can be achieved, and at the same time, the energy consumption is low and the efficiency is high.

[0008] Optionally, the driving component includes a first rod arranged in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade, and second rods respectively arranged at both ends of the first rod. The end of the second rod far away from the first rod is connected to the end of the first positioning rod; in the same de-icing unit, two groups of the first rod, the second rod and the first positioning rod are arranged in parallel corresponding to the two elastic outer membranes. The driving component further includes a third rod arranged between the two first rods, a threaded rod rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade, and a power component for driving the threaded rod to rotate. A sliding groove for the second rod to slide is provided on the side wall of the wind turbine blade, and the sliding groove is communicated with the first positioning groove. The threaded rod passes through the third rod and is threadedly connected to the third rod.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, rotating the threaded rod can drive the third rod to move, and through the transmission of the first rod and the second rod, the two first positioning rods can be driven to slide simultaneously, so as to control the opening or closing of the air inlet.

[0010] Optionally, the power component includes a motor, a sprocket and a chain. The sprocket is coaxially arranged at the end of the threaded rod far away from the first positioning rod. The chain is wound between two adjacent sprockets, and a set of sprockets and chains are arranged between two adjacent threaded rods. The motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to one of the threaded rods.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor drives multiple threaded rods to rotate synchronously through a chain, thereby realizing the synchronous operation of multiple deicing units.

[0012] Optionally, the linkage assembly includes a winding roller rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade, a winding rope connected between the side wall of the winding roller and the elastic outer membrane, a reset member that always drives the winding roller to rotate and wind the winding rope, and a linkage rope connected between the side wall of the winding roller and the first rod. A through hole for the winding rope to pass through is provided on the fan blade, and the through hole communicates with the second positioning groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when deicing, the driving assembly drives the first positioning rod to slide out of the first positioning groove. At the same time, the winding roller is driven to rotate by the linkage rope, and a section of the winding rope is released, so that the air outlet can be blown open by the wind, and the wind can be discharged from the air outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the reset member is a torsion spring. A receiving box for accommodating the torsion spring is arranged in the fan blade. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the side wall of the winding roller, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the receiving box.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the torsion spring provides a reset driving force for the winding roller, enabling it to rotate and reset when the air inlet is closed, so as to drive the end of the elastic outer membrane to be retracted into the second positioning groove through the winding rope.

[0016] Optionally, a ventilation system is further included. The ventilation system includes a ventilation main pipe, ventilation sub-pipes, and a blower. One end of the ventilation main pipe is connected to the blower, and the other end extends along the length direction of the fan blade into the inner cavity of the fan blade. One end of the ventilation sub-pipe is connected to the ventilation main pipe, and the other end is connected to the second rod. A plurality of ventilation holes are arranged at intervals on the side of the first positioning rod facing the elastic outer membrane, and there is a gap between the outer side wall of the first positioning rod facing the elastic outer membrane and the side wall of the first positioning groove. The ventilation sub-pipe communicates with the ventilation holes.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the ventilation system can extract the cold air remaining on the surface of the elastic outer membrane and the fan blade after closing the air inlet and air outlet of the elastic outer membrane, reducing the possibility of ice formation on the surface of the elastic outer membrane and the fan blade, and at the same time making the elastic outer membrane fit more closely to the surface of the fan blade.

[0018] Optionally, the ventilation sub-pipe is a flexible pipe.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the flexible pipe has good flexibility and adaptability and can bend along with the movement of the second rod.

[0020] Optionally, the ventilation system further includes a heater, which is connected between the blower and the ventilation main pipe.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ice on the outside of the fan blade is relatively thick, hot air is sent into the ventilation main pipe through the blower and the heater, and can be sent into the first positioning rod along the ventilation secondary pipe to melt the ice layer near the first positioning rod, so that the first positioning rod can be smoothly removed, preventing the de-icing device from failing.

[0022] Optionally, it further includes a fan nacelle. The ventilation main pipes are respectively arranged among all the fan blades. The heater and the blower are arranged in the fan nacelle. The ventilation main pipe is rotationally connected between the fan nacelle and the fan blade through a pneumatic rotary joint.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation system of the ventilation component is specifically disclosed.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By providing an elastic outer membrane and making the elastic outer membrane expand by strong wind to change the ice layer attachment surface and break the ice layer through stress, the de-icing effect can be achieved, and at the same time, the energy consumption is low and the efficiency is high; 2. By adding a ventilation system, the cold air between the elastic outer membrane and the fan blade can be extracted after de-icing, reducing the possibility of ice formation on the surface of the elastic outer membrane and the fan blade, and at the same time making the elastic outer membrane fit more closely to the surface of the fan blade; 3. By cooperating the blower and the heater to send hot air into the first positioning rod, the ice layer near the first positioning rod can be melted, so that the first positioning rod can be smoothly removed, preventing the de-icing device from failing when the ice layer is relatively thick. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a partial internal structural diagram of the fan blade; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged structural diagram at A in Figure 4 is Figure 2 the enlarged structural diagram at B in Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the drive assembly; Figure 6 is Figure 2 the enlarged structural diagram at C in Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the power component; Figure 8 Exploded structural schematic diagram of the accommodation box Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of the ventilation system

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, support tower; 11, motor nacelle; 12, hub; 13, fan blade; 131, first positioning groove; 132, second positioning groove; 133, accommodation box; 2, elastic outer membrane; 21, air inlet; 22, air outlet; 23, fixing strip; 3, first positioning rod; 31, ventilation hole; 4, drive assembly; 41, first rod; 42, second rod; 43, third rod; 44, threaded rod; 45, power member; 451, motor; 452, sprocket; 453, chain; 5, linkage assembly; 51, winding roller; 511, separating ring; 52, winding rope; 53, reset member; 531, coil spring; 54, linkage rope; 6, ventilation system; 61, main ventilation pipe; 62, secondary ventilation pipe; 63, blower; 64, heater; 7, pneumatic rotary joint Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The following will further describe the present application in detail with reference to the attached Figure 1-7 drawings. 22 Embodiment 1

[0028] The embodiment of the present application discloses an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades. Referring to Figure 1 , it mainly includes two parts: a wind turbine and an anti-icing and de-icing device; in order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the wind turbine in the prior art can be understood first. The wind turbine mainly includes a support tower 1, a motor nacelle 11 arranged at the upper end of the support tower 1, a hub 12 arranged at the front end of the motor nacelle 11, and three fan blades 13 connected to the periphery of the hub 12; the wind turbine also includes a control system for controlling the operation, stop, yaw and other operations of the fan blades 13. During operation, the control system can control the rotation of the fan blades 13, so that the front end of the fan blades 13 is always in the windward side and the rear end is in the leeward side. At this time, since the upper surface of the fan blade 13 is more curved than the lower surface, the air flow speed on the upper surface of the blade is faster, thus generating a pressure difference to drive the blade to rotate

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the anti-icing and de-icing device includes an elastic outer membrane 2 covering the surface of the fan blade 13. The elastic outer membrane 2 is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fan blade 13 respectively. At the same time, a plurality of elastic outer membranes 2 are arranged along the length direction of the fan blade 13 to form a plurality of de-icing units, so that the elastic outer membrane 2 can better fit the surface structure of the fan blade 13, and the surface area of a single elastic outer membrane 2 can be reduced by reducing the length of a single elastic outer membrane 2, thereby reducing the pressure received by a single elastic outer membrane 2 and improving the working life of the elastic outer membrane 13. A fixing strip 23 for fixing the elastic outer membrane 2 to the surface of the fan blade 13 is arranged between two adjacent elastic outer membranes 2. The two sides of the elastic outer membrane 2 are fixedly attached to the surface of the fan blade 13 through the fixing strip 23. The fixing strip 23 is an arc-shaped strip, and the surface curvature thereof is adapted to the surface curvature of the fan blade 13. The fixing strip 23 can be detachably fixed to the fan blade 13 by means of bolts or the like, so that the elastic outer membrane 2 can be stably fixed and the elastic outer membrane 2 can be conveniently replaced.

[0030] Refer to Figure 2 And Figure 3 , further, in the embodiment of the present application, the anti-icing and de-icing device further includes a first positioning rod 3, a driving component 4 and a linkage component 5. The first positioning rod 3 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the elastic outer membrane 2. The first positioning rod 3 is a rectangular long rod, and its length direction extends along the length direction of the fan blade 13. One end edge of the elastic outer membrane 2 on the windward side is fixed to the first positioning rod 3, and preferably, the edge of the elastic outer membrane 2 can be inserted into the first positioning rod 3 to increase the fixing effect between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the first positioning rod 3.

[0031] A first positioning groove 131 for accommodating the first positioning rod 3 is formed on the surface of the fan blade 13, so as to Figure 2 Taking the middle azimuth as a reference, at this time, the first positioning groove 131 is formed at the left position of the fan blade 13. It should be noted that since the first positioning rod 3 is preferably set as a rectangular rod, correspondingly, relative to Figure 2 the azimuth reference, the first positioning groove 131 is horizontally formed on the left end surface of the fan blade 13, and the shape of the right bottom part of the first positioning groove 131 corresponds to the first positioning rod 3 to be rectangular for accommodating the first positioning rod 3. The other end of the first positioning groove 131 extends towards the left to penetrate through the left surface of the fan blade 13 for the first positioning rod 3 to slide out of the first positioning groove 131.

[0032] The driving component 4 can drive the first positioning rod 3 to slide away from the first positioning groove 131, that is, it can drive the first positioning rod 3 to slide towards the left side of the fan blade 13 and slide out of the first positioning groove 131; when the first positioning rod 3 disengages from the first positioning groove 131, it can drive the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 at the windward end to move a certain distance away from the first positioning groove 131. At this time, the left end of the elastic outer membrane 2 at the windward end moves leftward and forms an air inlet 21 between the left side surface of the fan blade 13 ( Figure 3 in the state where the first positioning rod 3 and the elastic outer membrane 2 have not moved), and the air inlet 21 is flared; the wind at high altitude can enter between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13 from the air inlet 21. Due to the wind force, the elastic outer membrane 2 undergoes slight deformation and expansion, and the ice layer attached to the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 cracks due to stress and can be blown off by the wind.

[0033] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , a second positioning groove 132 for accommodating the right edge portion of the elastic outer membrane 2 is provided at the leeward end of the fan blade 13. Since the thickness of the edge at the leeward end of the fan blade 13 gradually decreases, the second positioning groove 132 is provided at a position near the end of the leeward end of the fan blade 13, and the notch positions of the two second positioning grooves 132 provided corresponding to the upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2 are opened in the directions of tilting upward and tilting downward along with the surface curvature of the fan blade 13. When the first positioning rod 3 is located in the first positioning groove 131, the right end of the elastic outer membrane 2 is inserted into the second positioning groove 132, and the elastic outer membrane 2 is positioned in the second positioning groove 132 through the linkage component 5, restricting the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 from sliding out of the second positioning groove 132, so that a sealed state is formed between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13; when the driving component 4 drives the first positioning rod 3 to slide leftward out of the first positioning groove 131, the driving component 4 can also drive the linkage component 5 to unlock the elastic outer membrane 2. At this time, the linkage component 5 releases the positioning restriction on the elastic outer membrane 2. When the wind surges between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13 from the air inlet 21, the elastic outer membrane 2 deforms and expands. At the same time, the part of the right end of the elastic outer membrane 2 inserted into the second positioning groove 132 disengages from the second positioning groove 132 under the action of the wind force. For example, the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 located above disengages upward from the second positioning groove 132. At this time, an air outlet 22 is formed between the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 at the leeward end of the fan blade 13 and the upper surface of the fan blade 13 ( Figure 4 in the state where the elastic outer membrane 2 is inserted into the second positioning groove 132); therefore, during the de-icing process, when the wind surges into the elastic outer membrane 2, it can be discharged from the air outlet 22.

[0034] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5, in the embodiment of the present application, the driving component 4 includes a first rod 41 disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, and second rods 42 respectively fixed to both ends of the first rod 41. One end of the second rod 42 far from the first rod 41 is connected to the end of the first positioning rod 3. Among them, the first rod 41, the second rod 42, and the first positioning rod 3 are all arranged as rectangular rods, and they form a "hui" shape when connected. In the same deicing unit, two groups of the first rod 41, the second rod 42, and the first positioning rod 3 are arranged in parallel corresponding to the upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2.

[0035] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the driving component 4 further includes a third rod 43 fixedly connected between the upper and lower first rods 41, a threaded rod 44 rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, and a power member 45 for driving the threaded rod 44 to rotate. When the power member 45 drives the threaded rod 44 to rotate, the threaded rod 44 can drive the third rod 43 to slide along the direction close to or away from the first positioning rod 3.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , taking Figure 3 orientation as a reference, the first positioning rod 3 is disposed in the first positioning groove 131 opened on the left surface of the fan blade 13. The first rod 41 slides left and right in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, and the second rod 42 is connected between the first positioning rod 3 and the first rod 41. Therefore, correspondingly, a sliding groove for the second rod 42 to slide left and right is opened on the side plate on the left side of the fan blade 13. The left side of the sliding groove is connected to the first positioning groove 131, and the right side of the sliding groove is connected to the internal space of the fan blade 13.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , a support for installing the threaded rod 44 is fixedly provided in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13. The threaded rod 44 is rotatably disposed on the support. The side wall of the threaded rod 44 has an external thread, and the threaded rod 44 passes through the third rod 43 and is rotatably connected to the third rod 43. When the power member 45 drives the threaded rod 44 to rotate, the third rod 43 can slide towards or away from the first positioning groove 131 under the drive of the threaded rod 44 and the limit of the second rod 42 on the third rod 43, that is, it can simultaneously control the two first positioning rods 3 in the same deicing unit to move simultaneously, so as to be able to open the air inlets 21 of the upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2 together, or close the air inlets 21 simultaneously.

[0038] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7, in the embodiment of the present application, the power member 45 includes a motor 451, a sprocket 452, and a chain 453. The sprocket 452 is coaxially fixed to one end of the threaded rod 44 away from the first positioning rod 3, and two sprockets 452 are arranged at intervals on the same threaded rod 44; the chain 453 is wound between adjacent sprockets 452, and a set of sprockets 452 and a chain 453 are arranged between adjacent threaded rods 44. The motor 451 is fixed in the fan blade 13 by means of a support, and the output end of the motor 451 is connected to one of the threaded rods 44. When the motor 451 is started, the threaded rod 44 connected thereto rotates, and all the threaded rods 44 can be driven to rotate through the transmission of the chain 453. The motor 451 is preferably arranged at the root of the fan blade 13, that is, at one end of the fan blade 13 close to the hub 12, which is convenient for overhauling the motor 451; at the same time, the wires connected to the motor 451 can be connected to the fan nacelle through a slip ring or a rotary connector and connected to the control system of the fan assembly to facilitate controlling the start of the motor 451. In order to reduce the weight, the sprocket 452 and the chain 453 are preferably made of high-strength lightweight materials, such as engineering plastics.

[0039] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 8 , in the embodiment of the present application, the linkage assembly 5 includes a winding roller 51 rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, a winding rope 52 connected between the side wall of the winding roller 51 and the right end of the elastic outer membrane 2, a reset member 53 that always drives the winding roller 51 to rotate and wind the winding rope 52, and a linkage rope 54 connected between the side wall of the winding roller 51 and the first rod 41. The winding roller 51 is preferably made of lightweight aluminum or engineering plastics. A plurality of partition rings 511 are coaxially fixed on the outer side wall of the winding roller 51, and a wire winding cavity for accommodating the rope is formed between adjacent partition rings 511.

[0040] In order to improve the stability, a plurality of linkage ropes 54 can be arranged on each first rod 41. In this embodiment, a linkage rope 54 is arranged at each of the left and right ends of the first rod 41; preferably, in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, generally two or three partitions are arranged at intervals to strengthen the strength of the fan blade 13. The end of the linkage rope 54 away from the third rod 43 sequentially passes through the partitions in the fan blade 13 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the winding roller 51, and a part of it is wound and stored in the corresponding wire winding cavity. One end of the winding rope 52 is fixed to the end of the elastic outer membrane 2, and a plurality of winding ropes 52 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction on the same elastic outer membrane 2. The other end of the winding rope 52 passes through the fan blade 13 and is wound and fixed in the wire winding cavity on the side wall of the winding roller 51. A through hole for the winding rope 52 to pass through is opened at the windward end of the fan blade 13, that is, the right end, and the through hole is communicated with the second positioning groove 132. It should be noted that different winding ropes 52 need to be stored in different wire winding cavities to ensure the stable operation of the linkage assembly 5.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 Figure 6 , the reset member 53 may adopt a coil spring 531. A receiving box 133 for accommodating the coil spring 531 is fixed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13. The coil spring 531 and the receiving box 133 are respectively arranged at both ends of the winding roller 51. One end of the coil spring 531 is connected to the side wall of the winding roller 51, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the receiving box 133. At the same time, preferably, both ends of the winding roller 51 are respectively rotatably connected in the two receiving boxes 133.

[0042] The implementation principle of the anti-icing and de-icing device for the blade of a wind turbine in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: When de-icing is required, the motor 451 is started to drive the first positioning rod 3 to slide out of the first positioning groove 131. At the same time, when the third rod 43 slides towards the first positioning groove 131, the linkage rope 54 is driven to move simultaneously. The linkage rope 54 can drive the winding roller 51 to rotate, so as to release an equidistant winding rope 52. At this time, the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 are opened synchronously, and the outside air enters the elastic outer membrane 2, causing the elastic outer membrane 2 to expand and driving the ice layer adhered to the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 to break and fall off. When the wind passes through the elastic outer membrane 2, it can blow open the air outlet 22 and flow out from the air outlet 22. After de-icing is completed, the motor 451 is started again to drive the first positioning rod 3 to slide into the first positioning groove 131. The third rod 43 slides towards the winding roller 51 at the same time to close the air inlet 21. At the same time, the linkage rope 54 is relaxed, and under the action of the coil spring 531, the linkage rope 54 is reversely rotated, and the winding rope 52 is wound at the same time, driving the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 into the second positioning groove 132 to close the air outlet 22. Embodiment 2

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the anti-icing and de-icing device further includes a ventilation system 6. The ventilation system 6 can extract the cold air remaining between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the surface of the fan blade 13 after closing the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 of the elastic outer membrane 2, reducing the possibility of icing on the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13, and at the same time making the elastic outer membrane 2 fit more closely to the surface of the fan blade 13.

[0044] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 9 , the ventilation system 6 includes a ventilation main pipe 61, a ventilation secondary pipe 62 and a blower 63. The ventilation main pipe 61 is arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13 along the length direction of the fan blade 13. In order to improve the stability of the ventilation main pipe 61, a plurality of fixing seats or fixing clamping rings for fixing the ventilation main pipe 61 can be arranged at intervals in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13. The blower 63 is preferably arranged in the motor nacelle 11 (referring to Figure 1), the blower 63 is connected to the ventilation main pipe 61, and the ventilation main pipe 61 can be rotatably connected between the motor cabin 11 and the hub 12 through a pneumatic rotating structure, and after the conversion, the ventilation main pipe 61 is connected into three and inserted into the inner cavities of the three fan blades 13 respectively.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 , one end of the ventilation secondary pipe 62 is connected to the ventilation main pipe 61, and the other end is connected to the second rod 42; a plurality of ventilation holes 31 are arranged at intervals on the side of the first positioning rod 3 facing the elastic outer membrane 2; correspondingly, the second plate 42 is provided with a first ventilation slot for air to pass through along its own length direction, and the first positioning rod 3 is provided with a second ventilation slot (not shown in the figure) along its own length direction, and the second ventilation slot is connected to all the ventilation holes 31; one end of the first ventilation slot is connected to the ventilation secondary pipe 62, and the other end of the first ventilation slot is connected to the second ventilation slot; at the same time, there is a gap between the outer side wall of the first positioning rod 3 facing the elastic outer membrane 2 and the side wall of the first positioning slot 131, that is, when the first positioning rod 3 is received in the first positioning slot 131, the space surrounded by the side wall of the first positioning slot 131, the side wall of the first positioning rod 3, and the inner wall of the elastic outer membrane 2 is connected to the ventilation hole 31. The blower 63 is thereby started, and the cold air remaining between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the side wall of the fan blade 13 can be sucked into the first positioning rod 3 through the ventilation hole 31, and enter the second rod 42 along the second ventilation groove inside the first positioning rod 3, and then enter the ventilation secondary pipe 62 along the first ventilation groove in the second rod 42, and finally be discharged through the ventilation secondary pipe 62, the ventilation main pipe 61 and the blower 63.

[0046] It should be noted that in each deicing unit, two upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2 are provided, and each elastic outer membrane 2 is correspondingly provided with a positioning rod 3, a first rod 41, and two second rods 42; the ventilation main pipe 61 is provided between the upper and lower groups of second rods 42, and in each deicing unit, at least two ventilation secondary pipes 62 are provided, and each ventilation secondary pipe 62 is respectively connected to one of the second rods 42 in the upper and lower groups of rods; optionally, four ventilation secondary pipes 62 can be provided in each deicing unit, so that each second rod 42 is connected to a ventilation secondary pipe 62 to improve the exhaust efficiency. At the same time, since the second rod 42 can move under the drive of the screw, the ventilation secondary pipe 62 needs to have deformation ability, and the ventilation secondary pipe 62 can be set as a hose or a corrugated pipe; the ventilation main pipe 61 can also be set as a hose to increase adaptability.

[0047] Reference Figure 9, Further, in an optional embodiment, the ventilation system 6 further includes a heater 64. The heater 64 is disposed in the fan nacelle and is connected between the blower 63 and the ventilation main pipe 61. And the hot air enters the first positioning rod 3 along the ventilation secondary pipe 62 and the second rod 42 and is discharged from the ventilation holes 31. This part of the hot air can melt the ice layer around the first positioning rod 3 and reduce the acting force of the ice layer. At this time, when the motor 451 is started again, the first positioning rod 3 can be smoothly pushed out. With the function of the heater 64 to pass hot air, the adaptability of equipment operation can be improved and the ice removal device can be prevented from failing.

[0048] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By adding the ventilation system 6, after ice removal is completed, when the blower 63 is started to draw air, the residual cold air in the elastic outer membrane 2 and the side wall of the fan blade 13 can be drawn out; when the ice layer is thick, the blower 63 is started to blow air and the heater 64 is started synchronously, so that the hot air can be sent to the first positioning rod 3 to quickly melt the ice formed around the first positioning rod 3, so as to smoothly push out the first positioning rod 3. The rod 42 enters the first positioning rod 3 and is discharged from the ventilation holes 31. This part of the hot air can melt the ice layer around the first positioning rod 3 and reduce the acting force of the ice layer. At this time, when the motor 451 is started again, the first positioning rod 3 can be smoothly pushed out. With the function of the heater 64 to pass hot air, the adaptability of equipment operation can be improved and the ice removal device can be prevented from failing.

[0049] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An anti-icing and de-icing device for a wind turbine blade, comprising a wind turbine blade (13), characterized in that: It also includes an elastic outer membrane (2) covering the surface of the fan blade (13), the elastic outer membrane (2) being arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fan blade (13), respectively; the elastic outer membrane (2) is located between one end of the windward surface and the surface of the fan blade (13) to form an air inlet (21), and the elastic outer membrane (2) is located between one end of the leeward surface and the surface of the fan blade (13) to form an air outlet (22); a plurality of the elastic outer membranes (2) are arranged along the length direction of the fan blade (13) to form a plurality of deicing units, and a fixing strip (23) for fixing the elastic outer membrane (2) to the surface of the fan blade (13) is arranged between two adjacent elastic outer membranes (2); It also comprises a first positioning rod (3), the first positioning rod (3) and the elastic outer membrane (2) being arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the elastic outer membrane (2) having one end located on the windward side fixed to the first positioning rod (3), and a first positioning groove (131) for clamping the first positioning rod (3) is provided on one side of the windward side of the fan blade (13); It also comprises a driving assembly (4), wherein the driving assembly (4) is capable of driving the first positioning rod (3) to move in a direction away from the first positioning groove (131), or in a direction to insert into the first positioning groove (131); The fan blade (13) further comprises a linkage component (5); the fan blade (13) is provided with a second positioning groove (132) on the leeward side for accommodating the elastic outer membrane (2); when the first positioning rod (3) is inserted into the first positioning groove (131), the driving component (4) can drive the linkage component (5) to lock the end of the elastic outer membrane (2) in the second positioning groove (132); when the driving component (4) moves in a direction away from the first positioning groove (131), the driving component (4) can drive the linkage component (5) to unlock the elastic outer membrane (2).

2. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (4) comprises a first rod (41) arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13), and second rods (42) respectively arranged at both ends of the first rod (41), and one end of the second rod (42) away from the first rod (41) is connected to the end of the first positioning rod (3); in the same deicing unit, the first rod (41), the second rod (42) and the first positioning rod (3) are arranged in parallel in two groups corresponding to the two elastic outer membranes (2); the driving assembly (4) also comprises a third rod (43) arranged between the two first rods (41), a threaded rod (44) rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13), and a power member (45) for driving the threaded rod (44) to rotate; a sliding groove for sliding the second rod (42) is provided on the side wall of the fan blade (13), and the sliding groove is connected to the first positioning groove (131); the threaded rod (44) passes through the third rod (43) and is threadedly connected to the third rod (43).

3. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power member (45) comprises a motor (451), a sprocket (452) and a chain (453); the sprocket (452) is coaxially arranged at one end of the threaded rod (44) away from the first positioning rod (3); the chain (453) surrounds two adjacent sprockets (452), and a group of sprockets (452) and chains (453) are arranged between two adjacent threaded rods (44); the motor (451) is arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13), and the output shaft of the motor (451) is connected to one of the threaded rods (44).

4. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage assembly (5) comprises a winding roller (51) rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13), a winding rope (52) connected between the side wall of the winding roller and the elastic outer membrane (2), a reset member (53) that always drives the winding roller (51) to rotate and wind up the winding rope (52), and a linkage rope (54) connected between the side wall of the winding roller (51) and the first rod (41), and a through hole for the winding rope (52) to pass through is opened on the fan blade (13), and the through hole is connected to the second positioning groove (132).

5. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset member (53) is a coil spring (531), and a housing box (133) for housing the coil spring (531) is provided in the fan blade (13), and one end of the coil spring (531) is connected to a side wall of the winding roller (51), and the other end is connected to a side wall of the housing box (133).

6. An anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a ventilation system (6), the ventilation system (6) comprising a ventilation main pipe (61), a ventilation secondary pipe (62) and a blower (63); one end of the ventilation main pipe (61) is connected to the blower (63), and the other end extends along the length direction of the fan blade (13) and is connected to the inner cavity of the fan blade (13); one end of the ventilation secondary pipe (62) is connected to the ventilation main pipe (61), and the other end is connected to the second rod (42); a plurality of ventilation holes (31) are arranged at intervals on one side of the first positioning rod (3) facing the elastic outer membrane (2), and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the first positioning rod (3) facing the elastic outer membrane (2) and the side wall of the first positioning groove (131); the ventilation secondary pipe (62) is connected to the ventilation holes (31).

7. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: The secondary ventilation pipe (62) is a hose.

8. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ventilation system (6) further comprises a heater (64), wherein the heater (64) is connected between the blower (63) and the ventilation main pipe (61).

9. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a fan cabin, the ventilation main pipe (61) is respectively arranged in all the fan blades (13), the heater (64) and the blower (63) are arranged in the fan cabin, and the ventilation main pipe (61) is rotatably connected between the fan cabin and the fan blades (13) via a pneumatic rotary joint (7).

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