Pressure transmitting device for plateau frozen soil pressure measurement

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure transmission device for plateau frozen soil pressure measurement, relates to the technical field of pressure measurement devices, and aims to solve the problems that an optical fiber sensor is arranged in a wiring box, rainwater can permeate into the wiring box when the wiring box is not well sealed during raining, a cladding layer and a coating layer of an optical fiber can be subjected to hydrolysis reaction due to long-term contact with water, and the pressure of the optical fiber cannot be measured. The invention relates to an optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box, which solves the problems of material aging or performance degradation, water vapor condensation on the surface of an optical fiber, formation of tiny water drops or ice crystals, and light scattering or absorption loss in the prior art, and comprises a bus box and a junction box, and the adjacent bus boxes are connected in a clamping manner. A plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors are arranged in the optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box, an outer shell is arranged at the outer end of the bus box, an inner shell is arranged at the inner end of the bus box, an inner shell inner connecting end is arranged at one end of the inner shell, an inner shell outer connecting end is arranged at the other end of the inner shell, and an outer shell inner connecting end is arranged at the other end of the inner shell. The inner shell inner connecting end is connected with the inner shell outer connecting end in a sealed mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure measurement devices, especially a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil. Background Art

[0002] Alpine frozen soil refers to the soil formed under alpine frigid zone moraine lichen and scree vegetation on the plateau. It is distributed in modern ice margin areas of alpine regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang in China. It has the youngest soil formation age, weak biological and chemical weathering effects, strong frost weathering effects, well-developed stone flows, stone seas, and talus cones, and the soil cover is not continuous. The pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil is a device specifically designed to accurately measure the soil pressure in the plateau frozen soil environment. Such devices usually need to consider the special properties of plateau frozen soil, such as low temperature, frost heaving, thaw settlement, etc., to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. The special mechanical properties of frozen soil make it show complex mechanical behaviors under load, which may cause engineering diseases. When the water in frozen soil freezes, its volume expands, generating frost heaving force. If not effectively controlled, it may lead to engineering accidents such as roadbed heaving, pipeline rupture, and building cracking. After the frozen soil thaws, its strength drops sharply, and insufficient bearing capacity may cause settlement and collapse. The device needs to work normally in a low-temperature environment of -20°C to -40°C, and the materials and structure need to have frost resistance. It can accurately measure tiny pressure changes to meet the needs of scientific research and engineering. Maintain the measurement accuracy during long-term use and reduce the influence of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Prevent the influence of external electromagnetic interference and mechanical vibration on the measurement results.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN211234788U discloses an oil chamber type pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of frozen soil, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical tests. The oil chamber type pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of frozen soil includes a test mechanism and a pressure transmission mechanism. The test mechanism includes a test chamber, a cover plate, and a wet soil sample. The cover plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the test chamber, and the wet soil sample is filled in the inner cavity of the test chamber. Through the action of a pressure sensor, a butterfly oil chamber, hydraulic oil, an exhaust screw, an O-ring, a wet soil sample, a test chamber, a partition board, and a display screen, the utility model achieves the purpose of being able to sensitively sense the pressure in the frozen soil and eliminating the influence of the soil arch effect on the soil pressure measurement, improves the problem that the size of the oil chamber type pressure sensor is relatively large, is suitable for field use, has a large amount of test samples when applied to indoor small model tests, and is not easy to keep the laboratory clean. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a small-sized, sensitive, and accurate measuring device to study the pressure transmission law in frozen soil.

[0004] The existing technical solutions in the above have the following defects: The fiber optic sensor is placed in the cable duct. When it rains and the cable duct is not well sealed, rainwater will seep into the cable duct. The cladding and coating of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reactions due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation. Water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber, forming tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption losses. Therefore, we propose a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil to solve the problems raised above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that when the fiber optic sensor is placed in the cable duct and the cable duct is not well sealed during rain, rainwater will seep into the cable duct, and the cladding and coating of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reactions due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation. Water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber, forming tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption losses.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A pressure transmission device for measuring the pressure of plateau frozen soil includes an optical fiber demodulator and a cable duct for optical fiber pressure sensors. The cable duct for optical fiber pressure sensors includes a main cable duct and a branch cable duct. Adjacent main cable ducts are connected by snap connection. A branch cable duct is fixedly and sealedly installed at the middle position on one side of the main cable duct. A plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors are arranged inside the cable duct for optical fiber pressure sensors. A temperature sensor is installed on one side of an optical fiber pressure sensor. An outer housing is arranged at the outer end of the main cable duct. An inner housing is arranged at the inner end of the main cable duct. An inner housing inner connection end is arranged at one end of the inner housing, and an inner housing outer connection end is arranged at the other end of the inner housing. The inner housing inner connection end is hermetically connected to the inner housing outer connection end. A water immersion sensor is arranged at the middle position at the lower end inside the inner housing inner connection end.

[0007] Preferably, an optical fiber pressure sensor interface is arranged on one side of the front end of the optical fiber demodulator. One end of the optical fiber pressure sensor is provided with an optical fiber pressure sensor connector, and the optical fiber pressure sensor connector is fixedly connected to the optical fiber pressure sensor interface.

[0008] Preferably, a shock absorption mechanism is installed below the optical fiber demodulator. The shock absorption mechanism includes an upper connecting plate, a lower support plate, a rubber spring pad, and a shock absorption cylinder. The upper connecting plate is located at the upper end of the shock absorption mechanism, and the lower support plate is located at the lower end of the shock absorption mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, eight rubber spring pads are respectively installed at the four corners and the center positions of the four peripheral edges between the upper connecting plate and the lower support plate. The upper end of the rubber spring pad is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate, the lower end of the rubber spring pad is fixedly connected to the lower support plate, damping cylinders are obliquely installed on both sides of the rubber spring pad, and both ends of the damping cylinder are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower support plate through rotating shafts respectively. The lower support plate is fixedly connected to the optical fiber demodulator fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the outer shell and the inner shell are fixedly connected by a plurality of fixing rods arranged at equal intervals. A first sealing strip is fixedly attached to the inner side of the outer connecting end of the inner shell. Three sealing gaskets are arranged at equal intervals on one side of the outer connecting end of the inner shell. The sealing gasket is fixedly attached to the outer connecting end of the inner shell. Three positioning blocks are arranged at equal intervals on the outer side of the inner connecting end of the inner shell. The positioning blocks are correspondingly located between the first sealing strip and the sealing gasket and between adjacent sealing gaskets.

[0011] Preferably, both the first sealing strip and the sealing gasket are attached to the outer wall of the inner connecting end of the inner shell. The diameter of the outer connecting end of the inner shell gradually increases near the inner connecting end of the inner shell and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters. The diameter of the inner connecting end of the inner shell gradually increases near the outer connecting end of the inner shell and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the outer shell is provided with an outer shell connecting edge, a limiting block groove is arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell connecting edge, two limiting blocks are arranged at the other end of the outer shell, and the limiting blocks are correspondingly arranged with the limiting block groove.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting end of the outer shell is obliquely arranged. A second sealing strip is fixedly attached to the outer side of one end of the outer shell. Three third sealing strips are arranged at equal intervals on the other side of the second sealing strip. A water blocking strip is arranged between adjacent third sealing strips.

[0014] Preferably, three third sealing strip grooves are equidistantly opened at the connecting end of the other end of the outer shell. The third sealing strip grooves are attached to the third sealing strips. A water blocking strip groove is opened between adjacent third sealing strip grooves. The water blocking strip groove is attached to the water blocking strip. The connection part of the second sealing strip and one end of the outer shell is hermetically attached and connected.

[0015] Preferably, the edge of one end of the outer connecting end of the inner shell is obliquely arranged, the edge of one end of the outer shell connecting edge is obliquely arranged, and one end of the outer shell connecting edge covers the connecting end of the outer shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. When the present invention is in use, the distribution box is embedded in the soil. The lower end of the distribution box needs to be embedded below the frozen soil layer. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor is inserted into the distribution box to contact the soil, and the temperature sensor is embedded in the soil at the same depth. The main line box is placed on the ground. The distribution box is fixedly connected to the main line box, and multiple main line boxes are spliced together. The two outer shells correspond to each other, and at the same time, the inner connection end inside the inner shell corresponds to the outer connection end outside the inner shell. The two main line boxes are brought closer. The connection edge of the outer shell is of a flexible structure. When approaching, the connection edge of the outer shell allows the limit block to enter the inside of the limit block groove through slight deformation, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the two main line boxes. The sealing connection between the outer shells is achieved through the settings of the second sealing strip, the third sealing strip, and the water blocking strip. When water enters, it is first blocked by the second sealing strip. A small amount of water continues to flow in and is then blocked by the third sealing strip and the water blocking strip in sequence, thereby improving the sealing performance of the outer shell. Through the sandwich setting between the outer shell and the inner shell, the transmission of external temperature to the inside of the outer shell is blocked by the barrier of air, thereby effectively protecting the fiber optic pressure sensor in the main line box from being affected by temperature. When the inner connection end box inside the inner shell is spliced with the outer connection end of the inner shell, three sealing gaskets and the first sealing strip seal the gap between the outer shell and the inner shell. Through multiple layers of blocking, water vapor can be blocked from entering the inside of the inner shell again. The setting of the positioning block improves the sealing limit between adjacent outer shells. Due to the inclined settings of the inner connection end and the outer connection end of the inner shell, when a small amount of water enters, it will first gather here, and the gathered water will trigger the water immersion sensor, thereby prompting the staff to deal with the water ingress in the main line box in a timely manner. The temperature sensor and the fiber optic pressure sensor are buried at the same depth. The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the frozen soil layer at this depth and transmits it to the fiber optic demodulator, thereby facilitating the collection of temperature changes in the frozen soil layer in this area, effectively eliminating the interference caused by data changes of the fiber optic pressure sensor due to temperature changes to pressure detection, and thus improving the accuracy of frozen soil pressure measurement. The fiber optic pressure sensor is affected by the change of pressure below the frozen soil layer, which affects the light transmitted inside it. At the same time, the fiber optic pressure sensor transmits the reflected light to the fiber optic demodulator, and the fiber optic demodulator demodulates the wavelength information reflected back, thereby realizing the accurate measurement and monitoring of the pressure of the frozen soil, solving the problem that when the fiber optic sensor is placed in the wiring box and the wiring box is not well sealed when it rains, rainwater will seep into the wiring box, and the cladding and coating of the optical fiber will undergo hydrolysis reactions due to long-term contact with water, resulting in material aging or performance degradation, and water vapor will condense on the surface of the optical fiber to form tiny water droplets or ice crystals, causing light scattering or absorption loss.

[0017] 2. When the fiber optic demodulator in the present invention is affected by vibration during use, when the rubber spring pad is vibrated, the molecular chains inside it will undergo friction and internal friction, converting the vibration energy into heat energy and dissipating it. This energy conversion process can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude and frequency, thus achieving the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction. The rubber spring pad can also isolate the vibration source from the object to be protected, preventing the vibration from being transmitted through rigid connections. The shock absorption cylinders on both sides of the rubber spring pad improve the stability on both sides of the rubber spring pad. When encountering vibration during use, the piston inside the shock absorption cylinder will move up and down accordingly. One end of the shock absorption cylinder is connected to the lower support plate, and the other end is connected to the upper connecting plate, thus realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston. The shock absorption cylinder is filled with air inside, which is the key medium for generating damping force. When the piston moves, the shock absorption cylinder will flow from one chamber to another through the small holes on the piston. The shock absorption cylinder will be subject to the frictional resistance between the hole wall and the oil molecules during the flow process, achieving the shock absorption effect. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fiber optic demodulator in the present invention; Figure 3 is a connection relationship diagram of the fiber optic pressure sensor wiring box and the fiber optic pressure sensor in the present invention; Figure 4 is a connection relationship diagram of the bus box in the present invention; Figure 5 In the present invention Figure 4 partial enlarged view of Area A.

[0019] In the figure: 1, fiber optic demodulator; 2, fiber optic pressure sensor wiring box; 3, bus box; 4, distribution box; 5, fiber optic pressure sensor; 6, temperature sensor; 7, fiber optic pressure sensor connector; 8, fiber optic pressure sensor interface; 9, shock absorption mechanism; 10, upper connecting plate; 11, lower support plate; 12, rubber spring pad; 13, shock absorption cylinder; 14, outer housing; 15, inner housing; 16, fixed rod; 17, water immersion sensor; 18, inner housing connection end inside; 19, inner housing connection end outside; 20, outer housing connection edge; 21, first sealing strip; 22, gasket; 23, positioning block; 24, limit block; 25, second sealing strip; 26, third sealing strip; 27, third sealing strip groove; 28, water blocking strip; 29, water blocking strip groove; 30, limit block groove. Detailed Embodiment

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a pressure transmission device for plateau permafrost pressure measurement, comprising an optical fiber demodulator 1 and an optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box 2. The optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box 2 includes a main wiring box 3 and a branch wiring box 4. The adjacent main wiring boxes 3 are connected by snap connection. A branch wiring box 4 is fixedly and hermetically installed at the middle position on one side of the main wiring box 3. A plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors 5 are arranged inside the optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box 2. A temperature sensor 6 is installed on one side of an optical fiber pressure sensor 5. An outer housing 14 is arranged at the outer end of the main wiring box 3. An inner housing 15 is arranged at the inner end of the main wiring box 3. An inner housing inner connection end 18 is arranged at one end of the inner housing 15. An inner housing outer connection end 19 is arranged at the other end of the inner housing 15. The inner housing inner connection end 18 is hermetically connected to the inner housing outer connection end 19. A water immersion sensor 17 is arranged at the middle position at the lower end inside the inner housing inner connection end 18.

[0022] During use, the distribution box 4 is embedded in the soil. The lower end of the distribution box 4 needs to be embedded below the frozen soil layer. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is inserted into the distribution box 4 to contact the soil, and the temperature sensor 6 is embedded in the soil at the same depth. The main box 3 is placed on the ground. The distribution box 4 is fixedly connected to the main box 3, and multiple main boxes 3 are spliced together. The two outer shells 14 correspond to each other, and at the same time, the inner shell connection end 18 inside the inner shell corresponds to the outer shell connection end 19 outside the inner shell. The two main boxes 3 are brought closer. The outer shell connection edge 20 is a flexible structure. When approaching, the outer shell connection edge 20 allows the limiting block 24 to enter the inside of the limiting block groove 30 through slight deformation, thus realizing the fixed connection between the two main boxes 3. The sealing connection between the outer shells 14 is achieved through the settings of the second sealing strip 25, the third sealing strip 26, and the water blocking strip 28. When water enters, it is first blocked by the second sealing strip 25. A small amount of water continues to flow in and is then blocked by the third sealing strip 26 and the water blocking strip 28 in sequence, thereby improving the sealing performance of the outer shell 14. Through the sandwich setting between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15, the transmission of the external temperature to the inside of the outer shell 14 is blocked by the barrier of air, thus effectively protecting the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 in the main box 3 from being affected by temperature. When the inner shell connection end 18 inside the inner shell is spliced with the outer shell connection end 19 outside the inner shell, the three sealing gaskets 22 and the first sealing strip 21 seal the gap between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15. Through multiple layers of blocking, water vapor can be blocked from entering the inside of the inner shell 15 again. The setting of the positioning block 23 improves the sealing and limiting between adjacent outer shells 14. Due to the inclined setting of the inner shell connection end 18 and the outer shell connection end 19 outside the inner shell, when a small amount of water enters, it will first gather here, and the gathered water will trigger the water immersion sensor 17, thereby prompting the staff to deal with the water ingress in the main box 3 in time. The temperature sensor 6 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 are buried at the same depth. The temperature sensor 6 collects the temperature of the frozen soil layer at this depth and transmits it to the fiber optic demodulator 1, thus facilitating the collection of the temperature change of the frozen soil layer in this area and effectively eliminating the interference caused by the data change of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 due to temperature change to the pressure detection, thereby improving the accuracy of frozen soil pressure measurement. The fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is affected by the change of the pressure below the frozen soil layer, which affects the light transmitted inside it. At the same time, the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 transmits the reflected light to the fiber optic demodulator 1, and the fiber optic demodulator 1 demodulates the wavelength information reflected back, thereby realizing the accurate measurement and monitoring of the pressure of the frozen soil.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-2 One side of the front end of the fiber optic demodulator 1 is provided with a fiber optic pressure sensor interface 8, and one end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is provided with a fiber optic pressure sensor connector 7. The fiber optic pressure sensor connector 7 is fixedly connected to the fiber optic pressure sensor interface 8.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 2, a shock absorption mechanism 9 is installed below the optical fiber demodulator 1. The shock absorption mechanism 9 includes an upper connecting plate 10, a lower support plate 11, a rubber spring pad 12, and a shock absorption cylinder 13. The upper connecting plate 10 is located at the upper end of the shock absorption mechanism 9, and the lower support plate 11 is located at the lower end of the shock absorption mechanism 9. Eight rubber spring pads 12 are respectively installed at the four corners and the central positions of the four peripheries between the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower support plate 11. The upper end of the rubber spring pad 12 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 10, and the lower end of the rubber spring pad 12 is fixedly connected to the lower support plate 11. Shock absorption cylinders 13 are inclinedly installed on both sides of the rubber spring pad 12. Both ends of the shock absorption cylinder 13 are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower support plate 11 through rotating shafts respectively. The lower support plate 11 is fixedly connected to the optical fiber demodulator fixing frame.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15 are fixedly connected through a plurality of equally spaced fixing rods 16. A first sealing strip 21 is fixedly attached to the inner side of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell. Three sealing gaskets 22 are equally spaced on one side of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell. The sealing gasket 22 is fixedly attached to the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell. Three positioning blocks 23 are equally spaced on the outer side of the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell. The positioning blocks 23 are correspondingly located between the first sealing strip 21 and the sealing gasket 22 and between adjacent sealing gaskets 22. Both the first sealing strip 21 and the sealing gasket 22 are in contact with the outer wall of the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell. The diameter of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters near the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell. The diameter of the inner connection end 18 of the inner shell gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters near the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , one end of the outer shell 14 is provided with an outer shell connection edge 20. A limit block groove 30 is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell connection edge 20. Two limit blocks 24 are provided at the other end of the outer shell 14. The limit blocks 24 are correspondingly arranged with the limit block groove 30. The connection end of the outer shell 14 is inclined. A second sealing strip 25 is fixedly attached to the outer side of one end of the outer shell 14. Three third sealing strips 26 are equally spaced on the other side of the second sealing strip 25. A water blocking strip 28 is arranged between adjacent third sealing strips 26. Three third sealing strip grooves 27 are equally spaced at the connection end of the other end of the outer shell 14. The third sealing strip grooves 27 are in contact with the third sealing strips 26. A water blocking strip groove 29 is opened between adjacent third sealing strip grooves 27. The water blocking strip groove 29 is in contact with the water blocking strip 28. The connection between the second sealing strip 25 and one end of the outer shell 14 is hermetically connected. The edge of one end of the outer connection end 19 of the inner shell is inclined. The edge of one end of the outer shell connection edge 20 is inclined. One end of the outer shell connection edge 20 covers the connection end of the outer shell 14.

[0027] Working principle: When in use, embed the distribution box 4 in the soil. The lower end of the distribution box 4 needs to be embedded below the frozen soil layer. Insert the detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 into the distribution box 4 to contact the soil, and embed the temperature sensor 6 in the soil at the same depth. Place the bus box 3 on the ground, fixedly connect the distribution box 4 and the bus box 3, and splice multiple bus boxes 3 together. Align the two outer shells 14, and at the same time, align the inner shell inner connection end 18 and the inner shell outer connection end 19. Move the two bus boxes 3 closer. The outer shell connection edge 20 is of a flexible structure. When approaching, the outer shell connection edge 20 undergoes slight deformation to allow the limit block 24 to enter the inside of the limit block groove 30, thus realizing the fixed connection between the two bus boxes 3. The sealing connection between the outer shells 14 is achieved through the settings of the second sealing strip 25, the third sealing strip 26, and the water blocking strip 28. When water enters, it is first blocked by the second sealing strip 25. A small amount of water continues to flow in and is then blocked by the third sealing strip 26 and the water blocking strip 28 in sequence, thereby improving the sealing performance of the outer shell 14. Through the sandwich setting between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15, the transmission of external temperature to the inside of the outer shell 14 is blocked by the barrier of air, thus effectively protecting the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 in the bus box 3 from being affected by temperature. When the inner shell inner connection end 18 and the inner shell outer connection end 19 are spliced, the three sealing gaskets 22 and the first sealing strip 21 seal the gap between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 15. Through multiple layers of blocking, water vapor can be blocked from entering the inside of the inner shell 15 again. The setting of the positioning block 23 improves the sealing limit between adjacent outer shells 14. Due to the inclined setting of the inner shell inner connection end 18 and the inner shell outer connection end 19, when a small amount of water enters, it will first accumulate here, and the accumulated water will trigger the water immersion sensor 17, thus prompting the staff to deal with the water ingress in the bus box 3 in a timely manner. The temperature sensor 6 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 are buried at the same depth. The temperature sensor 6 collects the temperature of the frozen soil layer at this depth and transmits it to the fiber optic demodulator 1, thereby facilitating the collection of the temperature change of the frozen soil layer in this area, effectively eliminating the interference caused by the data change of the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 due to temperature change to the pressure detection, and thus improving the accuracy of frozen soil pressure measurement. The fiber optic pressure sensor 5 is affected by the change in pressure below the frozen soil layer, which affects the light transmitted inside it. At the same time, the fiber optic pressure sensor 5 transmits the reflected light to the fiber optic demodulator 1, and the fiber optic demodulator 1 demodulates the reflected wavelength information, thereby realizing the precise measurement and monitoring of the pressure of the frozen soil. When the fiber optic demodulator 1 is affected by vibration during use, when the rubber spring pad 12 is vibrated, the molecular chains inside it will undergo friction and internal energy dissipation, converting the vibration energy into heat energy and dissipating it. This energy conversion process can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude and frequency, thus achieving the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction.The rubber spring pad can also isolate the vibration source from the object to be protected and prevent the vibration from being transmitted through the rigid connection. The shock-absorbing cylinders 13 on both sides of the rubber spring pad 12 improve the stability on both sides of the rubber spring pad 12. When encountering vibration during use, the piston inside the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 will move up and down accordingly. One end of the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 is connected to the lower support plate 11, and the other end is connected to the upper connecting plate 10, thus realizing the reciprocating motion of the piston. The inside of the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 is filled with air, which is the key medium for generating the damping force. When the piston moves, the shock-absorbing cylinder 13 will flow from one chamber to another through the small holes on the piston. The shock-absorbing cylinder 13 will be subject to the frictional resistance between the hole wall and the oil molecules during the flowing process, achieving the shock-absorbing effect.

[0028] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure, comprising an optical fiber demodulator (1) and an optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box (2), characterized in that: The optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box (2) comprises a bus box (3) and a junction box (4), adjacent bus boxes (3) are connected by snapping, a junction box (4) is fixedly and sealedly installed at a middle position on one side of the bus box (3), a plurality of optical fiber pressure sensors (5) are arranged inside the optical fiber pressure sensor wiring box (2), a temperature sensor (6) is installed on one side of one of the optical fiber pressure sensors (5), an outer shell (14) is arranged at the outer end of the bus box (3), an inner shell (15) is arranged at the inner end of the bus box (3), an inner shell inner connection end (18) is arranged at one end of the inner shell (15), an inner shell outer connection end (19) is arranged at the other end of the inner shell (15), the inner shell inner connection end (18) is sealedly connected to the inner shell outer connection end (19), and a water immersion sensor (17) is arranged at a middle position of the lower end of the inner shell inner connection end (18).

2. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A fiber optic pressure sensor interface (8) is provided at one side of the front end of the fiber optic demodulator (1), and a fiber optic pressure sensor connector (7) is provided at one end of the fiber optic pressure sensor (5), and the fiber optic pressure sensor connector (7) is fixedly connected to the fiber optic pressure sensor interface (8).

3. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A shock absorbing mechanism (9) is installed below the optical fiber demodulator (1), the shock absorbing mechanism (9) comprising an upper connecting plate (10), a lower supporting plate (11), a rubber spring pad (12) and a shock absorbing cylinder (13), the upper connecting plate (10) being located at the upper end of the shock absorbing mechanism (9), and the lower supporting plate (11) being located at the lower end of the shock absorbing mechanism (9).

4. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Eight rubber spring pads (12) are respectively installed at the four corners and the center positions of the four edges between the upper connecting plate (10) and the lower supporting plate (11); the upper ends of the rubber spring pads (12) are fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate (10); the lower ends of the rubber spring pads (12) are fixedly connected to the lower supporting plate (11); shock-absorbing cylinders (13) are obliquely installed on both sides of the rubber spring pads (12); the two ends of the shock-absorbing cylinders (13) are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate (10) and the lower supporting plate (11) through a rotating shaft; and the lower supporting plate (11) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame of the optical fiber demodulator.

5. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer shell (14) and the inner shell (15) are fixedly connected via a plurality of equidistantly arranged fixing rods (16); a first sealing strip (21) is fixedly fitted on the inner side of the outer connecting end (19) of the inner shell; three sealing pads (22) are equidistantly arranged on one side of the outer connecting end (19) of the inner shell; the sealing pads (22) are fixedly fitted and connected to the outer connecting end (19) of the inner shell; and three positioning blocks (23) are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the inner connecting end (18) of the inner shell; the positioning blocks (23) are correspondingly located between the first sealing strip (21) and the sealing pads (22) and between adjacent sealing pads (22).

6. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first sealing strip (21) and the sealing gasket (22) are both fitted with the outer wall of the inner shell inner connection end (18); the diameter of one end of the inner shell outer connection end (19) close to the inner shell inner connection end (18) gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters; the diameter of one end of the inner shell inner connection end (18) close to the inner shell outer connection end (19) gradually increases and then remains unchanged for ten centimeters.

7. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: One end of the outer shell (14) is provided with an outer shell connecting edge (20), the inner wall of the outer shell connecting edge (20) is provided with a limit block groove (30), and the other end of the outer shell (14) is provided with two limit blocks (24), the limit blocks (24) and the limit block grooves (30) being arranged correspondingly.

8. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The connecting end of the outer shell (14) is arranged obliquely, a second sealing strip (25) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of one end of the outer shell (14), three third sealing strips (26) are arranged equidistantly on the other side of the second sealing strip (25), and a water retaining strip (28) is arranged between adjacent third sealing strips (26).

9. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting end of the other end of the outer shell (14) is provided with three third sealing strip grooves (27) at equal intervals, the third sealing strip grooves (27) and the third sealing strip (26) are arranged in close contact with each other, a water retaining strip groove (29) is provided between adjacent third sealing strip grooves (27), the water retaining strip groove (29) and the water retaining strip (28) are arranged in close contact with each other, and the second sealing strip (25) is in close contact and sealing connection with the connecting portion of one end of the outer shell (14).

10. The pressure transmission device for measuring plateau frozen soil pressure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The edge of one end of the outer connection end (19) of the inner shell is arranged at an angle, and the edge of one end of the outer shell connection edge (20) is arranged at an angle, and one end of the outer shell connection edge (20) covers the connection end of the outer shell (14).

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