Soil collecting device for rationalization analysis of saline-alkali soil rice-oil rotation cropping soil
By designing a soil collection device including cutting teeth and vibration spiral rails, the problem of low soil collection efficiency in saline-alkali land environment is solved, and efficient collection of complex soil environments is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510356998.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing soil collectors are difficult to overcome the influence of plant roots in saline-alkali land environments, resulting in inaccurate collection efficiency. Traditional samplers are difficult to use in soils with severe plate-shaping, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-area sampling.
A soil collection device including an outer cylinder, a rotary rod, a rail, a clamping rod, an inner shaft and a spiral soil collecting drill bit is designed. The soil root system is cut through the cutting teeth at the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the vibration spiral rail generates vibration when encountering the plate latching layer, automatically loosens the soil, and realizes coaxial and concurrent speed down-digging and collection through the linkage of the rails.
It effectively avoids the problem of sampling soil falling off caused by soil root involvement, improves the efficiency and accuracy of soil collection, and adapts to the collection needs of complex soil environments under saline-alkali rice tanker crops.
Smart Images
Figure CN120141907A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil collection devices, and specifically to a soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil crop rotation soil. Background Technique
[0002] As a land resource that can be developed and utilized, the main way for saline-alkali land is through soil improvement and planting salt-tolerant varieties. As important grain and oil crops in the world, rice and rapeseed have many advantages such as a large planting area, a wide planting region, strong tolerance to infertility and salinity, and high biological yields, and are considered ideal crops for developing saline soil.
[0003] The rotation of rice and rapeseed in saline-alkali land is an agricultural model for improving saline-alkali land and enhancing land use efficiency. The rotation of rice and rapeseed helps to improve soil structure, reduce salt accumulation, and enhance soil fertility. However, the soil conditions in saline-alkali land are complex, with large variations in salt content, pH value, nutrients, etc. Therefore, soil analysis at different times is required to guide planting. Although the root systems of rice and rapeseed have two different depth differences in the shallow and deep zones, both root systems are characterized by dense fibrous roots and well-developed lateral roots with strong penetration. Existing soil samplers cannot effectively overcome the influence of plant roots, and it is easy to reduce the efficiency of soil collection due to the entanglement of dense roots, making it difficult to adapt to the effective soil collection work under the rice-oil crop rotation soil environment. In addition, the soil in saline-alkali land is severely compacted, with poor air permeability and a harsh environment. Traditional soil samplers have low working efficiency and high usage difficulty in the saline-alkali land environment, making it difficult to meet the large-area soil sampling requirements in the fields of saline-alkali land rice-oil crop rotation, and consuming a large amount of manpower. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the use of existing saline-alkali land soil samplers in the background technique.
[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: A soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil crop rotation soil, including an outer cylinder. On both sides of the top of the outer cylinder, there are rotatable rods fixedly connected, and anti-slip handles are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotatable rods. On both sides of the middle section of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, there are clamping rails, and clamping rods are movably clamped through the clamping rails. At the bottom of the middle of the clamping rod, there is an inner shaft fixedly connected, and a spiral soil collection drill bit is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner shaft. A cutting tooth is provided at the bottom end of the outer cylinder.
[0006] Preferably, the clamping rail includes a horizontal rotating rail, a downward sliding rail, and an upward sliding rail. At the upper side inside the outer cylinder, there is a fixed top plate fixedly connected. At the bottom of the middle of the fixed top plate, there is a push spring fixedly installed. The bottom of the push spring is fixedly connected to a push plate. A vibration rotating rail is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder at the top end of the upward sliding rail. Preferably, the diameter of the clamping rod is smaller than the inner wall diameter of the clamping rail and larger than the inner wall diameter of the outer cylinder. When the outer cylinder rotates, the clamping rail pushes the clamping rod to rotate coaxially and at the same speed as the outer cylinder.
[0007] Preferably, the length of the transverse rotary rail is one quarter of the arc length of the inner diameter of the outer cylinder, the upper slide rail is vertically located on the upper side of one end of the transverse rotary rail, and the direction of the connecting end of the upper slide rail and the transverse rotary rail is consistent with the downward rotation direction of the spiral soil collecting drill bit.
[0008] Preferably, the bottom surface of the pushing plate is in contact with the top surface of the clamping rod, and the pushing spring pushes the clamping rod to be in a compressed state when the clamping rod is in the transverse rotary track section.
[0009] Preferably, the distance between the transverse rotary track and the bottom end of the outer cylinder is consistent with the total length of the inner shaft.
[0010] Preferably, the vibrating rotary rail is in a sawtooth step shape, and the spacing between the opposite sides of the steps is always consistent with the diameter of the inner wall of the rail, and the vibrating rotary rail connects the top ends of the upper slide rails in the two sets of rails.
[0011] Preferably, the lower sliding rail is vertically located at the lower side of the other end of the transverse rotating rail.
[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adds an outer cylinder to the outer side of the inner shaft and the spiral soil collecting drill bit, and uses cutting teeth to cut the roots involved on the side of the soil, thereby avoiding the problem of sampled soil falling off due to lateral root traction; and by setting a vibrating rotary track, the inner shaft vibrates when encountering a soil compaction layer, effectively realizing the automatic vibration loosening operation of the soil compaction layer.
[0013] 2. The present invention adds an outer cylinder to the outer side of the inner shaft and the spiral soil-collecting drill bit, and links the inner shaft and the outer cylinder through a rail so that the two rotate coaxially and at the same speed to dig downward, thereby achieving the problem of the collected soil falling off due to the lateral root system being pulled when the spiral soil-collecting drill bit is pulled upward by the cutting teeth at the bottom of the outer cylinder during the digging and sampling process of the spiral soil-collecting drill bit.
[0014] 3. The present invention arranges a transverse rotary rail, a lower sliding rail and a vibrating rotary rail structure on the clamping rail, and arranges a push spring on the top of the clamping rod. When digging, the resistance of the saline-alkali soil compaction layer to the spiral soil collecting drill bit is used as feedback, and the inner shaft is pressed to move up to the two ends of the clamping rod and fall to the vibrating rotary rail, so that the inner shaft and the outer cylinder make coaxial differential rotation, thereby generating vibration on the spiral soil collecting drill bit at the bottom of the inner shaft, and effectively realizing the automatic vibration loosening operation of the soil compaction layer.
[0015] 4. By providing a transverse rotating track on the card track in the present invention, after the collection is completed, the spiral soil collection drill bit can easily rotate and slide out of the outer cylinder, facilitating the subsequent operation of collecting the soil sample on the spiral soil collection drill bit, and greatly improving the efficiency of soil collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the downward excavation state of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure at position B in; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure at position A in; Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the structure in the vibration and soil loosening state of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure at position C in; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the downward sliding and collection state of the present invention.
[0017] In the figure: 1. Outer cylinder; 101. Rotating rod; 102. Anti-slip handle; 103. Cutting teeth; 2. Card track; 201. Transverse rotating track; 202. Downward sliding track; 203. Upward sliding track; 204. Vibration rotating track; 3. Card connecting rod; 301. Inner shaft; 302. Spiral soil collection drill bit; 4. Fixed top plate; 401. Push spring; 402. Push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0019] Please refer to Figures 1-3, A soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil crop rotation soil, including an outer cylinder 1. On both sides of the top of the outer cylinder 1, there are rotatable rods 101 fixedly connected. At both ends of the rotatable rods 101, there are anti-slip handles 102 fixedly installed to reduce sliding and facilitate the user to hold and apply force. In the middle section of both sides of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, there are clamping tracks 2 fixedly opened, and a clamping rod 3 is movably clamped through the clamping tracks 2. The diameter of the clamping rod 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner wall of the clamping track 2 and larger than the inner diameter of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, ensuring that it can slide along the clamping track 2 while not extending outside the outer cylinder 1 to affect the downward excavation of the outer cylinder 1. When the outer cylinder 1 rotates, the clamping track 2 pushes the clamping rod 3 to rotate coaxially and at the same speed as the outer cylinder 1. At the bottom of the middle of the clamping rod 3, there is an inner shaft 301 fixedly connected. At the bottom of the inner shaft 301, there is a spiral soil collection drill bit 302 fixedly installed. At the bottom end of the outer cylinder 1, there are cutting teeth 103 to cut the roots involved in the side of the soil on the spiral soil collection drill bit 302 during downward excavation, so as to reduce the problem of the collected soil falling off caused by root entanglement during upward pulling and collection.
[0020] Please refer to Figures 4-6, the card rail 2 includes a transverse rotating rail 201, a lower sliding rail 202 and an upper sliding rail 203. The length of the transverse rotating rail 201 is one-fourth of the arc length of the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 1. The upper sliding rail 203 is vertically located above one end of the transverse rotating rail 201, and the direction of the connecting end of the upper sliding rail 203 and the transverse rotating rail 201 is the same as the downward rotating direction of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302. When the side wall of the upper sliding rail 203 on the outer cylinder 1 pushes the clamping rod 3 to rotate, the rotating direction of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 is the rotating and digging state. A fixed top plate 4 is fixedly connected to the upper side inside the outer cylinder 1. A pushing spring 401 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the middle of the fixed top plate 4. The bottom of the pushing spring 401 is fixedly connected to a pushing plate 402. The bottom surface of the pushing plate 402 is in contact with the top surface of the clamping rod 3. When the pushing spring 401 pushes the clamping rod 3 to be in the transverse rotating rail 201 section, it is in a compressed state. The distance between the transverse rotating rail 201 and the bottom end of the outer cylinder 1 is the same as the total length of the inner shaft 301. At this time, the bottom surface of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 is on the same horizontal line as the bottom surface of the outer cylinder 1. A vibrating rotating rail 204 is provided at the top end of the upper sliding rail 203 on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. The vibrating rotating rail 204 is in a serrated stepped shape, and the distance between the opposite sides of the steps is always the same as the inner diameter of the inner wall of the card rail 2, ensuring that the clamping rod 3 can rotate normally at the vibrating rotating rail 204. The vibrating rotating rail 204 connects the top ends of the upper sliding rails 203 in the two groups of card rails 2. When the resistance generated by the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 encountering a soil hardening layer increases during the downward digging process, the pushing spring 401 is compressed upward, causing both ends of the clamping rod 3 to move upward along the upper sliding rail 203 until the resistance compresses the inner shaft 301 upward until both ends of the clamping rod 3 fall to the vibrating rotating rail 204. At this time, when the outer cylinder 1 is rotated continuously during the downward digging, the inner shaft 301 no longer rotates coaxially and at the same speed as the outer cylinder 1. Instead, both ends of the clamping rod 3 vibrate and shift along the vibrating rotating rail 204, causing the inner shaft 301 and the outer cylinder 1 to rotate at different speeds coaxially. As a result, the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 at the bottom of the inner shaft 301 generates vibrating rotation to loosen the hardening layer by vibration until the soil in the hardening layer becomes loose and the resistance decreases. Then, both ends of the clamping rod 3 rotate again along the vibrating rotating rail 204 to the top end of the upper sliding rail 203. At this time, the soil resistance is reduced and is not sufficient to push the pushing spring 401 to continue compressing. At this time, the pushing spring 401 pushes the clamping rod 3 to move downward along the upper sliding rail 203 and return to the transverse rotating rail 201, completing the automatic vibrating soil loosening operation of the soil hardening layer.
[0021] Please refer to Figure 7, the lower slide rail 202 is vertically located below the other end of the horizontal rotating rail 201. After the collection is completed, the upper pull rotating rod 101 drives the outer cylinder 1 away from the soil. The bottom surface of the horizontal rotating rail 201 pulls the clamping rod 3 and at the same time takes out the inner shaft 301 and the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302. At this time, after placing the bottom of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 on the ground and rotating the outer cylinder 1 in the reverse direction, the two ends of the clamping rod 3 rotate along the horizontal rotating rail 201 to the top of the lower slide rail 202. Then, pulling up the outer cylinder 1 makes the clamping rod 3 move downward relative to the outer cylinder 1 along the lower slide rail 202, so as to slide the end of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 out of the outer cylinder 1, facilitating the subsequent collection of the soil sample collected on the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302.
[0022] The working principle of the usage method of the present invention is as follows: During use, the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 is pushed into the outer cylinder 1 until the two ends of the clamping rod 3 are located at the horizontal rotating track 201 and then rotated horizontally. At this time, the compression spring 401 is in a compressed state, pushing the clamping rod 3 to closely adhere to the bottom surface of the horizontal rotating track 201. The device is vertically placed at the location to be collected. Press the rotating rod 101 to press down and rotate, so that while the cutting teeth 103 at the bottom end of the outer cylinder 1 rotate to cut the soil, the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 rotates into the soil. Subsequently, continuously rotate the rotating rod 101. Driven by the spiral structure of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302, the inner shaft 301 continuously moves downward while rotating. At this time, the inner shaft 301 and the outer cylinder 1 perform coaxial and same-speed movement. At the same time, both sides of the clamping rod 3 press down on the sliding track 202 to assist the outer cylinder 1 to rotate and dig downward, making it easier for the operator to dig downward. At this time, the outer periphery of the soil sample collected on the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 is cut by the cutting teeth 103 at the bottom of the outer cylinder 1, and the roots involved in the soil are cut off, avoiding the problem of the collected soil falling off due to the entanglement of plant roots in the soil sample during the subsequent upward pulling and collection. When the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 digs down to the bottom and contacts the soil hardpan layer, the resistance of the hardpan soil compresses the compression spring 401 upward, causing the two ends of the clamping rod 3 to move upward along the upper sliding track 203 until the resistance compresses the inner shaft 301 upward until the two ends of the clamping rod 3 fall to the vibration rotating track 204. At this time, when continuing to dig and rotate the outer cylinder 1, the inner shaft 301 no longer performs coaxial and same-speed rotation with the outer cylinder 1. Instead, the two ends of the clamping rod 3 vibrate and shift along the vibration rotating track 204, causing the inner shaft 301 and the outer cylinder 1 to perform coaxial differential rotation. As a result, the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 at the bottom of the inner shaft 301 generates vibration rotation to loosen the hardpan layer by vibration until the resistance of the hardpan layer soil decreases. Then, the two ends of the clamping rod 3 rotate along the vibration rotating track 204 to the top of the upper sliding track 203 again. At this time, the soil resistance is reduced and is not sufficient to push the compression spring 401 to continue compressing. At this time, the compression spring 401 pushes the clamping rod 3 to move downward along the upper sliding track 203 and return to the horizontal rotating track 201, completing the automatic vibration and loosening operation of the soil hardpan layer. When the collection is completed, pull up the rotating rod 101 to drive the outer cylinder 1 away from the soil. The bottom surface of the horizontal rotating track 201 pulls the clamping rod 3 and at the same time brings out the inner shaft 301 and the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302. At this time, place the bottom of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 on the ground and rotate the outer cylinder 1 in the reverse direction, so that the two ends of the clamping rod 3 rotate along the horizontal rotating track 201 to the top of the sliding track 202. Then, pull up the outer cylinder 1 to make the clamping rod 3 move downward relative to the outer cylinder 1 along the sliding track 202, thereby sliding the end of the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302 out of the outer cylinder 1 to collect the soil sample collected on the spiral soil collecting drill bit 302.
[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.
[0024] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil, comprising an outer cylinder (1), characterized in that: The top of the outer cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (101) on both sides, and anti-slip handles (102) are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating rod (101). The middle section of the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with a clamping rail (2) on both sides, and a clamping rod (3) is movably clamped through the clamping rail (2). The bottom of the middle of the clamping rod (3) is fixedly connected to an inner shaft (301), and a spiral soil collecting drill bit (302) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner shaft (301). The bottom end of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with cutting teeth (103).
2. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping rail (2) comprises a transverse rotating rail (201), a lower sliding rail (202) and an upper sliding rail (203); a fixed top plate (4) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner part of the outer cylinder (1); a push spring (401) is fixedly installed at the bottom in the middle of the fixed top plate (4); the bottom of the push spring (401) is fixedly connected to the push plate (402); and a vibration rotating rail (204) is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) at the top end of the upper sliding rail (203).
3. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the clamping rod (3) is smaller than the inner wall diameter of the clamping rail (2) and larger than the inner wall diameter of the outer cylinder (1); when the outer cylinder (1) rotates, the clamping rail (2) pushes the clamping rod (3) to rotate coaxially with the outer cylinder (1) at the same speed.
4. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the transverse rotary rail (201) is one quarter of the arc length of the inner diameter of the outer cylinder (1); the upper slide rail (203) is vertically located on the upper side of one end of the transverse rotary rail (201); and the direction of the connection end between the upper slide rail (203) and the transverse rotary rail (201) is consistent with the downward rotation direction of the spiral soil collecting drill bit (302).
5. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the push plate (402) is in contact with the top surface of the clamping rod (3), and the push spring (401) pushes the clamping rod (3) to be in a compressed state when it is in the transverse rotary track (201) section.
6. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the transverse rotating rail (201) and the bottom end of the outer cylinder (1) is consistent with the total length of the inner shaft (301).
7. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibrating rotary rail (204) is in the shape of a sawtooth step, and the spacing between the steps is always consistent with the inner wall diameter of the clamping rail (2). The vibrating rotary rail (204) connects the top ends of the upper slide rails (203) in the two sets of clamping rails (2).
8. The soil collection device for rational analysis of saline-alkali land rice-oil rotation soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower sliding rail (202) is vertically located at the lower side of the other end of the transverse rotating rail (201).