Quantitative characterization device for impact safety of energetic material

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of safety engineering, in particular to an energetic material impact safety quantitative characterization device. Comprising a lifting mechanism which is installed on a main body frame and provides kinetic energy for impacting energetic materials; the hammer body is detachably connected with the movable end of the lifting mechanism and is used for impacting the energetic material; the impact supporting mechanism is mounted on the main body frame, is positioned below the hammer body and is used for supporting an energetic material; the monitoring device is mounted on the main body frame and is used for detecting the falling speed, the impact pressure and the sound decibel of the hammer body; and the heating device is mounted on the main body frame and is used for providing initial heat energy for the energetic material. According to the invention, the critical ignition time, impulse and acting of different energetic materials can be obtained as impact safety characterization quantities, and the visualization and quantification of the novel impact safety testing device are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety engineering, and particularly to a device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials. Background Art

[0002] During the entire life cycle of energetic materials in research, development, production, storage, transportation, and use, "impact" is one of the most serious factors leading to accidents of explosives. The evaluation index generally adopts impact safety, which refers to the ease of initiating explosion or combustion of energetic materials after being subjected to mechanical impact. The level of impact safety is a key factor determining whether energetic materials can be safely used.

[0003] Currently, there are mainly six standard experimental methods for explosion probability and characteristic drop height: explosion probability method, 12-type tool method, characteristic drop height method, Bureau of Mines instrument test in the United States, Picatinny Arsenal test in the United States, and test by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) in Germany. At the same time, the national military standard GJB772A-97 has given detailed experimental regulations. Among the six testing methods, the BAM test uses a sample with a fixed volume, and the other five testing methods all use a sample with a fixed mass. The explosion probability of the specimen is related to the impact energy borne by the unit mass of the sample. The higher the impact energy borne by the unit mass of the sample, the higher the sensitivity. It can be seen that in the existing testing methods at the present stage, the subjective judgment of the explosion result by humans may affect the repeatability and accuracy of the test results; some testing devices still rely on manual operation and recording, lacking automation and digital functions, and in the case of close-range observation, the safety of personnel must also be considered. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials to solve the above problems. Through the combination of software and hardware, the process images of the impact sample and the combustion reaction expansion and the data collected by the sensors are automatically recorded and analyzed to obtain the critical ignition time, impulse, and work done of different energetic materials as the impact safety characterization quantities, realizing the visualization and quantification of the new impact safety testing device.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] A device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials, comprising:

[0007] A lifting mechanism, installed on the main frame, providing kinetic energy for impacting the energetic materials;

[0008] A hammer body, detachably connected to the movable end of the lifting mechanism, for impacting the energetic materials;

[0009] An impact support mechanism, mounted on the main frame and located below the hammer body, for supporting energetic materials;

[0010] A monitoring device, mounted on the main frame, for detecting the falling speed of the hammer, the impact pressure, the explosive force of the energetic material, and the sound decibel;

[0011] A heating device is installed on the main frame and is used to provide initial thermal energy for the energetic material.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting frame mounted on the main frame;

[0013] A guide column, mounted on one side of the lifting frame;

[0014] A lifting body, slidably connected to the guide column and detachably connected to the hammer body;

[0015] A spring connected between the top surface of the lifting body and the top wall of the lifting frame to provide elastic potential energy for the lifting body;

[0016] A servo motor is installed on the lifting frame and is used to lift the lifting body.

[0017] Preferably, the impact support mechanism comprises a mounting shell;

[0018] A hammer sleeve, mounted on the top surface of the mounting shell and located below the hammer body;

[0019] A striking post, slidably disposed at the center of the striking post sleeve, wherein the striking post is vertically slidably disposed;

[0020] A sapphire glass is slidably disposed in the mounting shell to provide support for the energetic material, and the sapphire glass is vertically slidably disposed;

[0021] An optical path observation component is arranged at the bottom of the mounting shell and is used to observe the explosion state of the energetic material on the sapphire glass.

[0022] Preferably, the optical path observation component comprises a reflector mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the mounting shell;

[0023] A clearance cavity is provided at the bottom of the mounting shell for the light path of the reflector to pass through;

[0024] A high-speed camera is arranged on one side of the reflector and is used to shoot the image inside the reflector;

[0025] A fill light, installed in the give way cavity, to provide fill light for the high-speed camera;

[0026] The optical path cavity is arranged in the mounting shell and located between the reflector and the sapphire glass.

[0027] Preferably, the monitoring device includes a speed sensor located on one side of the guide post for detecting the speed of the hammer body hitting the striking post.

[0028] A sound level sensor is located on one side of the striking post for detecting the sound decibel when the hammer body hits the striking post.

[0029] A pressure sensor is arranged below the sapphire glass for detecting the pressure when the energetic material explodes.

[0030] Preferably, the heating device includes a telescopic arm mounted on the main body frame.

[0031] A heating sheet is mounted on the movable end of the telescopic arm for heating the energetic material.

[0032] Preferably, an anti-secondary impact mechanism is arranged outside the impact support mechanism. The anti-secondary impact mechanism includes at least two columns mounted on the main body frame.

[0033] A cylinder is mounted on one side of the column.

[0034] A swing arm is rotatably connected to the column at the middle part, and one end is slidably connected to the cylinder.

[0035] A roller is rotatably connected to the other end of the swing arm.

[0036] Preferably, the weight of the hammer body is one of 2 kg, 5 kg, and 10 kg.

[0037] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0038] 1. The device designed in the present invention is equipped with a variety of sensors, which can automatically record and analyze the process images of hitting the sample and the combustion reaction propagation and the data collected by the sensors, and obtain the critical ignition time, impulse, work done and other impact safety characterization quantities of different energetic materials.

[0039] 2. The anti-secondary impact mechanism designed in the present invention can only hit once during the test, eliminating the possibility of secondary impact and making the test results more accurate and reliable.

[0040] 3. The lifting mechanism designed in the present invention converts the potential energy of the compressed spring into the kinetic energy of the falling hammer body, so that the hammer body has a higher impact speed under the condition of the same falling height.

[0041] 4. Reflective mirrors are installed on both the hammer body and the impact part, and a sapphire glass is also installed at the sample position of the impact part to form a visual path, enabling the whole process of impact to be observed. Description of the Drawings

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 Front view of the present invention

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the impact mechanism of the present invention

[0046] Figure 4 Partial cross-sectional view of the impact mechanism of the present invention

[0047] Among them, 1. Main body frame; 2. Lifting mechanism; 3. Impact support mechanism; 4. Monitoring device; 5. Heating device; 6. Installation shell; 7. Top cover; 8. Support frame; 9. Servo motor; 10. Guide post; 11. Spring; 12. Lifting frame; 13. Lifting body; 14. Hammer body; 15. Anti-secondary impact mechanism; 16. Impact column; 17. Impact column sleeve; 18. Sapphire glass; 19. Reflector; 20. Speed sensor; 21. Sound level sensor; 22. Pressure sensor; 23. Heating sheet; 24. Telescopic arm; 25. Roller; 26. Swing arm; 27. Cylinder; 28. Column. Specific embodiments

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Referring to Figures 1 - 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an apparatus for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials, including:

[0051] A lifting mechanism 2, installed on the main body frame 1, providing kinetic energy for impacting the energetic material;

[0052] A hammer body 14, detachably connected to the movable end of the lifting mechanism 2, for impacting the energetic material;

[0053] The impact support mechanism 3 is installed on the main body frame 1, below the hammer body 14, and is used to support the energetic material;

[0054] The monitoring device 4 is installed on the main body frame 1 and is used to detect the falling speed, impact pressure, and sound decibels of the hammer body 14;

[0055] The heating device 5 is installed on the main body frame 1 and is used to provide initial thermal energy for the energetic material.

[0056] For a further optimized solution, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a lifting frame 12 installed on the main body frame 1;

[0057] The guide post 10 is installed on one side of the lifting frame 12;

[0058] The lifting body 13 is slidably connected to the guide post 10 and is detachably connected to the hammer body 14;

[0059] The spring 11 is connected between the top surface of the lifting body 13 and the top wall of the lifting frame 12 to provide elastic potential energy for the hammer body 14;

[0060] The servo motor 9 is installed on the lifting frame 12 and is used to lift the lifting body 13.

[0061] Specifically, a support frame 8 is installed on the top surface of the main body frame 1, a top cover 7 is installed on the top surface of the support frame 8, the servo motor 9 is located inside the top cover 7, the support frame 8 provides support for the lifting mechanism 2, and the detachable connection between the lifting body 13 and the hammer body 14 can use the decoupling structure with the publication number CN 115180074 A or other existing technologies as long as the functions of hooking and detaching the lifting body 13 and the hammer body 14 can be ensured;

[0062] The servo motor 9 can lift the lifting body 13 by connecting a lead screw to the output shaft of the servo motor 9 and adopting corresponding matching between the lifting body 13 and the lead screw to ensure that the servo motor 9 can drive the lifting body 13 to move upward. After the lifting body 13 moves to an appropriate height, the hammer body 14 can be released through the detachable decoupling structure to realize the impact of the hammer body 14 on the energetic material. When it is necessary to lift the hammer body 14, the lifting body 13 is moved downward, then the hammer body 14 is hooked by the decoupling structure, and then the hammer body 14 is driven to the corresponding height by the lifting body 13.

[0063] For a further optimized solution, the impact support mechanism 3 includes a mounting shell 6;

[0064] The striker sleeve 17 is installed on the top surface of the mounting shell 6, below the hammer body 14;

[0065] The striker 16 is slidably arranged at the center of the striker sleeve 17, and the striker 16 is vertically slidably arranged;

[0066] Sapphire glass 18, slidably disposed in the mounting shell 6, to provide support for the energetic material, the sapphire glass 18 being vertically slidably disposed;

[0067] The optical path observation component is arranged at the bottom of the mounting shell 6 and is used to observe the explosion state of the energetic material on the sapphire glass 18 .

[0068] In a further optimized solution, the optical path observation component includes a reflector 19 mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the mounting shell 6;

[0069] A clearance cavity is provided at the bottom of the mounting shell 6 for the light path of the reflector 19 to pass through;

[0070] A high-speed camera is provided on one side of the reflector 19 and is used to shoot the image inside the reflector 19;

[0071] Fill light, installed in the cavity, to provide fill light for the high-speed camera;

[0072] The optical path cavity is arranged in the mounting shell 6 and is located between the reflector 19 and the sapphire glass 18 .

[0073] In a further optimized solution, the monitoring device 4 includes a speed sensor 20, which is located on one side of the guide column 10 and is used to detect the speed of the hammer 14 when it strikes the striking column 16;

[0074] A sound level sensor 21, located on one side of the striking post 16, is used to detect the decibel of sound when the hammer 14 strikes the striking post 16;

[0075] The pressure sensor 22 is disposed below the sapphire glass 18 and is used to detect the pressure during the impact process and the explosion of the energetic material.

[0076] Specifically, after the hammer 14 is released, it falls freely downward. If the spring 11 is compressed, the force of the spring 11 will also act on the hammer 14 when it moves downward. When the hammer 14 contacts the striking column 16, the striking column 16 moves downward to press the energetic material. When the downward pressure of the hammer 14 meets the explosion requirement of the energetic material, the energetic material explodes. The explosive force of the energetic material will be transmitted to the pressure sensor 22. Since the hammer 14 hits the striking column 16 to generate a pressure, the pressure will suddenly change when the energetic material explodes. In this way, the pressure sensor 22 can detect the force generated when the hammer 14 hits the striking column 16 and the force generated when the energetic material explodes. When the downward pressure of the hammer 14 does not meet the explosion requirement of the energetic material, the pressure sensor 22 only detects the downward pressure of the hammer 14.

[0077] In a further optimized solution, the heating device 5 includes a telescopic arm 24 mounted on the main frame 1;

[0078] The heating plate 23 is installed at the movable end of the telescopic arm 24 and is used to heat the energetic material.

[0079] For a further optimized solution, an anti-secondary-impact mechanism 15 is provided outside the impact support mechanism 3. The anti-secondary-impact mechanism 15 includes at least two columns 28, which are symmetrically installed on the main frame 1 relative to the hammer body 14;

[0080] A cylinder 27 is installed on one side of the column 28;

[0081] A swing arm 26 is rotatably connected to the column 28 in the middle and slidably connected to the cylinder 27 at one end;

[0082] A roller 25 is rotatably connected to the other end of the swing arm 26.

[0083] For a further optimized solution, the weight of the hammer body 14 is one of 2 kg, 5 kg, and 10 kg.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0085] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials, characterized in that: include: A lifting mechanism (2) is mounted on the main frame (1) to provide kinetic energy for impacting the energetic material; A hammer (14) is detachably connected to the movable end of the lifting mechanism (2) and is used to strike the energetic material; An impact support mechanism (3) is mounted on the main frame (1) and is located below the hammer body (14) and is used to support energetic materials; A monitoring device (4) is installed on the main frame (1) and is used to detect the falling speed, impact pressure, explosive force of energetic materials, and sound decibel of the hammer (14); A heating device (5) is installed on the main frame (1) and is used to provide initial thermal energy for the energetic material.

2. The device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (2) comprises a lifting frame (12) mounted on the main frame (1); A guide column (10) mounted on one side of the lifting frame (12); A lifting body (13) is slidably connected to the guide column (10) and is detachably connected to the hammer body (14); A spring (11) connected between the top surface of the lifting body (13) and the top wall of the lifting frame (12) to provide elastic potential energy for the hammer body (14); A servo motor (9) is mounted on the lifting frame (12) and is used to lift the lifting body (13).

3. The device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impact support mechanism (3) comprises a mounting shell (6); A hammer sleeve (17) is mounted on the top surface of the mounting shell (6) and is located below the hammer body (14); A striking post (16) is slidably arranged at the center of the striking post sleeve (17), and the striking post (16) is vertically slidably arranged; A sapphire glass (18) is slidably disposed in the mounting shell (6) to provide support for the energetic material, and the sapphire glass (18) is vertically slidably disposed; An optical path observation component is arranged at the bottom of the mounting shell (6) and is used to observe the explosion state of the energetic material on the sapphire glass (18).

4. The device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical path observation component comprises a reflector (19) mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the mounting shell (6); A clearance cavity is provided at the bottom of the mounting shell (6) for the light path of the reflector (19) to pass through; A high-speed camera is arranged on one side of the reflective mirror (19) and is used to shoot the image inside the reflective mirror (19); A fill light, installed in the give way cavity, to provide fill light for the high-speed camera; The optical path cavity is arranged in the mounting shell (6) and is located between the reflector (19) and the sapphire glass (18).

5. The device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring device (4) comprises a speed sensor (20) located on one side of the guide column (10) and used to detect the speed of the hammer (14) when it strikes the striking column (16); A sound level sensor (21), located on one side of the striking post (16), for detecting the decibel of sound when the hammer (14) strikes the striking post (16); The pressure sensor (22) is arranged below the sapphire glass (18) and is used to detect the pressure during the impact process and the pressure during the explosion of the energetic material.

6. The device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device (5) comprises a telescopic arm (24) mounted on the main frame (1); A heating plate (23) is mounted on the movable end of the telescopic arm (24) and is used to heat the energetic material.

7. A device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An anti-secondary impact mechanism (15) is provided outside the impact support mechanism (3), and the anti-secondary impact mechanism (15) comprises two uprights (28) which are symmetrically mounted on the main frame (1) relative to the hammer body (14); A cylinder (27) is mounted on one side of the column; A swing arm (26), the middle portion of which is rotatably connected to the column, and one end of which is slidably connected to the movable end of the cylinder (27); The roller (25) is rotatably connected to the other end of the swing arm (26).

8. The device for quantitatively characterizing the impact safety of energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of the hammer (14) is one of 2kg, 5kg and 10kg.

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