Container photovoltaic panel installation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic panel installation method for a container, and aims to solve the problem that the installation angle and orientation of an existing photovoltaic panel installed at the top of the container cannot be adaptively adjusted. The method comprises the following steps that four photovoltaic panel installation devices of a photovoltaic panel installation system are detachably arranged at the four corners of the top face of a container, the first photovoltaic panel installation device and the second photovoltaic panel installation device are arranged in the direction of one diagonal line of the top face of the container, and the third photovoltaic panel installation device and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device are arranged in the direction of the other diagonal line of the top face of the container; the photovoltaic panel is detachably connected to the tops of the four photovoltaic panel mounting devices, the sensing system transmits monitoring data to the control system, and the optimal inclination angle between the two perpendicular side edges of the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane and the adjusting distance of elevator screws of the four photovoltaic panel mounting devices are calculated. And a four-axis cooperative motion instruction is generated, the four photovoltaic panel mounting devices are driven to execute corresponding motion, the displacement amount of each axis of the four lifters is dynamically distributed, and adjustment of the pitching space attitude of the photovoltaic panel is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a method for installing photovoltaic panels on a container. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of the global demand for clean energy, photovoltaic power generation has received extensive attention as a sustainable energy solution. Installing photovoltaic panels on the top of a container is an innovative application method, which reduces the dependence on the traditional power grid, especially suitable for remote or power-unstable areas. Moreover, the photovoltaic panels can move flexibly with the container and can adapt to the energy needs of different locations.

[0003] Due to the limited space on the top of the container, the fixing brackets of the photovoltaic panels need to be compact and efficient, and can achieve the maximum power generation efficiency in the limited space. The traditional fixing brackets determine a fixed installation angle according to factors such as local latitude. Once installed, the angle is basically non-adjustable, resulting in a lower sunlight reception efficiency of the photovoltaic panels during some time periods and affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. In addition, the container has a certain mobility and moves with the transfer of the construction site. Therefore, the fixing brackets of the photovoltaic panels need to be easy to install, disassemble and transport, and can be quickly adjusted to the angle and orientation suitable for the local lighting conditions to adapt to the usage requirements of different locations. However, the existing tracking brackets for photovoltaic panels are mainly applied to large-scale projects such as centralized photovoltaic power stations, and there are problems such as high costs, complex installation and debugging for small-scale and distributed photovoltaic power generation scenarios like containers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problem that the installation angle and orientation of the photovoltaic panels installed on the top of the container cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the lighting conditions, affecting the overall power generation efficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for installing photovoltaic panels on a container.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a method for installing photovoltaic panels on a container, the steps are as follows:

[0006] S1: Install a photovoltaic panel installation system on the top surface of the container. The photovoltaic panel installation system includes four photovoltaic panel installation devices, a sensing system, and a control system. The four photovoltaic panel installation devices are detachably connected to the four corners of the top surface of the container, and the photovoltaic panels are detachably connected to the tops of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices. Among them, the first photovoltaic panel installation device and the second photovoltaic panel installation device with a bidirectional sliding rail mechanism are arranged along one diagonal direction of the top surface of the container, and the third photovoltaic panel installation device and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device with a unidirectional sliding rail mechanism are arranged along the other diagonal direction of the top surface of the container. The sliding rails of the third photovoltaic panel installation device and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device are respectively parallel to two mutually perpendicular sides of the photovoltaic panel. The control system is respectively signal-connected to the sensing system and the elevators of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices;

[0007] S2: Install a sensing system on the top of the photovoltaic panel. The sensing system is signal-connected to the control system. The sensing system includes an inclination sensor and a photosensitive sensor, which are used to monitor the position of the sun and the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time, and transmit the monitoring data to the control system to calculate the optimal inclination angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane, and calculate the screw adjustment distance of the elevators of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices;

[0008] S3: The control system generates a four-axis coordinated motion command through a multivariable control algorithm, drives the motors of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices to perform corresponding motions, and dynamically distributes the displacements of each axis of the four elevators based on the attitude decoupling algorithm based on the least squares method to adjust the pitch spatial attitude of the photovoltaic panel to the optimal angle for receiving solar radiation;

[0009] S4: After the attitude of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted, read the actual inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel again through the inclination sensor, compare the actual inclination angle with the calculated optimal inclination angle for error analysis, calculate the angle residual and evaluate whether the displacement deviation meets the installation requirements of the spatial attitude of the photovoltaic panel. If so, the four photovoltaic panel installation devices enter the sleep state; otherwise, trigger the control system and return to step S3 to continue with the corresponding fine-tuning.

[0010] The method for installing photovoltaic panels on a container according to the present invention, first, four photovoltaic panel installation devices of the photovoltaic panel installation system are detachably installed at the four corners of the top surface of the container. The first photovoltaic panel installation device and the second photovoltaic panel installation device containing a bidirectional slide rail mechanism are arranged along a diagonal direction of the top surface of the container, and the third photovoltaic panel installation device and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device containing a unidirectional slide rail mechanism are arranged along the other diagonal direction of the top surface of the container; the photovoltaic panels are detachably connected to the tops of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices. The sensing system transmits the monitoring data to the control system, and calculates the optimal inclination angles between the two mutually perpendicular sides of the photovoltaic panels and the horizontal plane; and the adjustment distance δd of the screws of the elevators of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices. The control system calculates the structure based on the matrix transformation of the real-time attitude parameters and the target attitude of the photovoltaic array, generates a four-axis cooperative motion instruction through a multivariable control algorithm, and drives the four motors of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices to perform corresponding motions. The photovoltaic panel installation device converts the rotational motion into a linear displacement by using the translational force of the slide rail, realizing the omnidirectional three-degree-of-freedom rotation of the photovoltaic panel 6; during the motion process, the four-axis synchronous controller dynamically distributes the displacement amounts of each axis of the four elevators based on the attitude decoupling algorithm of the least squares method, realizing the omnidirectional tracking of sunlight, realizing the precise and efficient adjustment of the pitch space attitude of the photovoltaic panel, and ensuring that the photovoltaic panel always receives solar radiation at the best angle; by using the unidirectional slide rail mechanism or the bidirectional slide rail mechanism to cooperate with the inclined state of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel can be quickly adjusted to an angle and orientation suitable for the local lighting conditions to adapt to the usage requirements of different locations, enabling the photovoltaic panel to receive sunlight irradiation to the maximum extent within the limited space on the top of the container, thereby improving the power generation efficiency; through the integrated modular slide rail mechanism and the intelligent sensing system, the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power generation system is improved, the installation time and labor cost of the photovoltaic panels are reduced, and the installation and commissioning efficiency are improved; in summary, the installation and commissioning operations of this method are simple, which can not only realize the free adjustment of the angle and orientation of the photovoltaic panel, but also reduce the space occupied by itself.

[0011] Further, it further includes step S5: generating an adjustment trajectory report, updating the energy efficiency optimization model, and storing the historical attitude data of the photovoltaic panel.

[0012] Further, the first photovoltaic panel installation device includes an elevator, a base, a connecting piece, and a photovoltaic connecting piece. The base is connected to the top of the elevator. The two ends of the connecting piece are respectively hinged to the base and the photovoltaic connecting piece. The photovoltaic panel is detachably connected to the top of the photovoltaic connecting piece; the base is composed of a bottom plate and a lug 1 vertically connected to the bottom plate, and the photovoltaic connecting plate is composed of a top plate and a lug 2 vertically connected to the top plate. The connecting piece includes a connecting plate, and a first double-ear plate and a second double-ear plate vertically connected to both sides of the connecting plate, and the installation directions of the first double-ear plate and the second double-ear plate are perpendicular to each other.

[0013] Further, the third photovoltaic panel mounting device and the fourth photovoltaic panel mounting device further include a unidirectional slide rail mechanism. The unidirectional slide rail mechanism includes a first chute, a first slide rail mounting plate, and a first slide rail. A first double-ear plate is vertically connected to the first chute. The first slide rail is vertically connected to one side of the first slide rail mounting plate. A second double-ear plate is vertically connected to the other side of the first slide rail mounting plate. The mounting directions of the first double-ear plate and the second double-ear plate are perpendicular to each other. The first slide rail is snapped into the first chute and can slide along the extension direction of the first chute.

[0014] Further, the second photovoltaic panel mounting device further includes a bidirectional slide rail mechanism. The bidirectional slide rail mechanism includes a first chute, a first slide rail mounting plate, a first slide rail, a second chute, a second slide rail mounting plate, and a second slide rail. A first double-ear plate is vertically connected to the first chute. The first slide rail is vertically connected to one side of the first slide rail mounting plate. The first slide rail is snapped into the first chute and can slide along the extension direction of the first chute. The second chute is vertically connected to the first slide rail mounting plate. The second slide rail is vertically connected to one side of the second slide rail mounting plate. A second double-ear plate is vertically connected to the other side of the second slide rail mounting plate. The mounting directions of the first double-ear plate and the second double-ear plate are perpendicular to each other. The mounting directions of the first slide rail and the second slide rail are perpendicular to each other. The second slide rail is snapped into the second chute and can slide along the extension direction of the second chute.

[0015] Further, the elevator uses an electric screw elevator, and the motor is a high-precision servo motor.

[0016] Further, the induction system further includes a wind pressure sensor disposed on the top of the photovoltaic panel. The wind pressure sensor is signal-connected to the control system for real-time monitoring of the wind pressure and transmitting the data to the control system.

[0017] Further, the induction system is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel.

[0018] Further, the control system includes a PLC control unit and a motor driver. The induction system monitors the light intensity in real time, converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and feeds back the real-time monitoring information to the PLC control unit. The PLC control unit sends an instruction to the motor driver, and the motor driver drives the screw of the elevator to extend and retract according to the instruction.

[0019] Further, a molybdenum disulfide coating is sprayed on the surfaces of the chutes and slide rails of the unidirectional slide rail mechanism and the bidirectional slide rail mechanism that are in contact with each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an embodiment of the method for mounting photovoltaic panels on a container of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the photovoltaic panel mounting system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a lift in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a first photovoltaic panel installation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a third photovoltaic panel installation device and a fourth photovoltaic panel installation device with a one-way slide rail mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second photovoltaic panel installation device with a two-way slide rail mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the optimal inclination angles between the two mutually perpendicular sides of a photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of installing a photovoltaic panel on the top of a container by the photovoltaic panel installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0029] The first photovoltaic panel installation device 1; the second photovoltaic panel installation device 2; the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3; the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device 4; the container 5; the photovoltaic panel 6; the bottom plate 11; the first lug 12; the top plate 17; the second lug 18; the connecting plate 14; the first double-ear plate 15; the second double-ear plate 16; the first chute 21; the first slide rail 24; the first slide rail mounting plate 25; the second chute 26; the second slide rail 27; the second slide rail mounting plate 28; the lift 40; the motor 42; the screw 41. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. For the convenience of description, the "upper" and "lower" directions mentioned below are consistent with the upper and lower directions of the drawings, but this cannot be a limitation to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0031] In conjunction with Figures 1 to 8 The photovoltaic panel installation method for the container of the present invention will be described, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0032] S1, Initial installation: Install a photovoltaic panel installation system on the top surface of the container 5. The photovoltaic panel installation system includes four photovoltaic panel installation devices, a sensing system, and a control system. The four photovoltaic panel installation devices are detachably connected to the four corners of the top surface of the container 5, and the photovoltaic panel 6 is detachably connected to the tops of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices. Among them, the first photovoltaic panel installation device 1 and the second photovoltaic panel installation device 2 with a bidirectional sliding rail mechanism are arranged along a diagonal direction of the top surface of the container 5, and the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device 4 with a unidirectional sliding rail mechanism are arranged along the other diagonal direction of the top surface of the container 5. The sliding rails of the two photovoltaic panel installation devices are respectively parallel to two mutually perpendicular sides of the photovoltaic panel 6, that is, the extending direction of the first sliding rail 24 of the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 is parallel to the Y-axis, and the extending direction of the first sliding rail 24 of the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device 4 is parallel to the X-axis. The sensing system is arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel 6, and the control system is respectively signal-connected to the sensing system and the elevators 40 of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices;

[0033] S2, Data acquisition and calculation: Install a sensing system on the top of the photovoltaic panel 6. The sensing system is signal-connected to the control system. The sensing system includes an inclination sensor and a photosensitive sensor, which are used to monitor the sun position and the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel 6 in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the control system. The reference plane of the inclination sensor is the earth reference horizontal plane. The user needs to consult the geographical latitude information of the installation location and preliminarily set the photovoltaic panel 6 through the pitch attitude adjustment system in advance to make the front of the photovoltaic panel 6 face the sun as much as possible. The photosensitive sensor triggers and collects the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle once an hour and transmits the monitoring data to the control system to calculate the optimal inclination angle between the photovoltaic panel 6 and the horizontal plane. The specific steps are as follows:

[0034] The photosensitive sensor collects the solar azimuth angle as α1 and the solar altitude angle as β1, and outputs the direction vector of the sunlight:

[0035]

[0036] From Output the current normal vector of the photovoltaic panel 6:

[0037]

[0038] Assume that the photovoltaic panel 6 is rectangular, input the size L×W (length×width) of the photovoltaic panel 6, and establish a photovoltaic panel plane equation with the adapter of the first photovoltaic panel installation device 1 as the origin (0, 0, z) (z is the extending distance of the screw 41 at this time), such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the optimal inclination angles α2 and β2 between the two mutually perpendicular sides of the photovoltaic panel 6 and the horizontal plane are calculated; the extended distance d of the screw 41 in the current state of the four photovoltaic panel mounting device elevators 40 is calculated, and then the adjustment distance δd of the screw 41 of the four photovoltaic panel mounting device elevators 40 is calculated. δd is the distance that the screw 41 needs to extend or retract further.

[0039] S3, Motion control: The control system calculates the structure based on the real-time attitude parameters and the matrix transformation of the target attitude of the photovoltaic array, generates four-axis collaborative motion commands through a multivariable control algorithm, and drives the four high-precision servo motors of the four photovoltaic panel mounting devices to execute corresponding motions. Adopting a master-slave control architecture, the elevator 40 of the first photovoltaic panel mounting device 1 is designated as the master station, and the elevators 40 of the other three photovoltaic panel mounting devices are slave stations. The high-precision servo motor of the master station drives the screw 41 to extend or retract a distance of δd, pushing the hinge points of the other three photovoltaic panel mounting devices to generate an inclination change of 0° to 45°. During the adjustment process, the master station only serves as a rotation fulcrum and remains relatively stationary along the X and Y directions to reduce vibration and wear. The rotation of the master station drives the other three photovoltaic panel mounting devices to translate along the slide rail. The translation of the slide rail and the rotation of the double-ear plate hinge cooperate with each other. The rotation center axis and the slide rail plane maintain a dynamic orthogonal relationship. The translational force of the slide rail is used to convert the rotational motion into a linear displacement, realizing the omnidirectional three-degree-of-freedom rotation of the photovoltaic panel 6. Moreover, during the motion process, the four-axis synchronous controller dynamically distributes the displacement of each axis of the four elevators 40 based on the attitude decoupling algorithm of the least squares method, realizing the omnidirectional tracking of sunlight, and realizing the precise and efficient adjustment of the pitching space attitude of the photovoltaic panel 6, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 6 always receives solar radiation at the best angle.

[0040] S4, Attitude verification: After the attitude adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 6 is completed, the actual inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel 6 is read again through the inclination sensor, and the actual inclination angle is compared with the calculated optimal inclination angle for error analysis. The angular residual is calculated and it is evaluated whether the displacement deviation meets the installation requirements of the spatial attitude of the photovoltaic panel 6. If so, the four photovoltaic panel mounting devices enter the sleep state; otherwise, the control system is triggered and returns to step S3 to continue with the corresponding fine-tuning.

[0041] The photovoltaic panel installation method for a container of the present invention comprises the following steps: first, four photovoltaic panel installation devices of the photovoltaic panel installation system are detachably mounted on four corners of the top surface of the container 5; the first photovoltaic panel installation device 1 and the second photovoltaic panel installation device 2 having a bidirectional slide rail mechanism are arranged along a diagonal direction of the top surface of the container 5; the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device 4 having a unidirectional slide rail mechanism are arranged along another diagonal direction of the top surface of the container 5; the photovoltaic panel 6 is detachably connected to the top of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices; the sensing system transmits monitoring data to the control system, calculates the optimal inclination angle between the two mutually perpendicular sides of the photovoltaic panel 6 and the horizontal plane; and the adjustment distance δd of the screw 41 of the lift 40 of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices; the control system generates a four-axis coordinated motion instruction based on the matrix transformation calculation structure of the real-time posture parameters of the photovoltaic array and the target posture through a multivariable control algorithm, drives the four motors of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices to perform corresponding movements, and the photovoltaic panel installation device converts the rotational motion into Linear displacement is used to realize omnidirectional three-degree-of-freedom rotation of the photovoltaic panel 6; during the movement, the four-axis synchronous controller dynamically allocates the displacement of each axis of the four elevators 40 based on the least squares posture decoupling algorithm, realizes all-round tracking of sunlight, and realizes accurate and efficient adjustment of the pitch spatial posture of the photovoltaic panel 6, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 6 always receives solar radiation at the best angle; using a one-way slide rail mechanism or a two-way slide rail mechanism in conjunction with the tilt state of the photovoltaic panel 6, the photovoltaic panel 6 can be quickly adjusted to an angle and orientation suitable for local lighting conditions to meet the use requirements of different locations, so that the photovoltaic panel 6 can receive sunlight to the maximum extent within the limited space on the top of the container 5, thereby improving the power generation efficiency; by integrating a modular slide rail mechanism and an intelligent sensing system, the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power generation system is improved, the installation time and labor cost of the photovoltaic panel 6 are reduced, and the installation and debugging efficiency is improved; in summary, the method is simple to install and debug, which can not only realize the free adjustment of the angle and orientation of the photovoltaic panel 6, but also reduce its own space occupancy.

[0042] The photovoltaic panel installation method for the container also includes step S5, digital twin: generating an adjustment trajectory report, updating the energy efficiency optimization model, and storing historical posture data of the photovoltaic panel 6.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first photovoltaic panel installation device 1 includes a lift 40, a base, an adapter and a photovoltaic connector. The base is connected to the top of the lift 40, and the two ends of the adapter are respectively hingedly connected to the base and the photovoltaic connector. The photovoltaic panel 6 ( Figure 1The photovoltaic panel is detachably connected to the top of the photovoltaic connector as shown by the dashed line in the figure; the base is composed of a bottom plate 11 and a lug 12 vertically connected to the bottom plate 11, the photovoltaic connector is composed of a top plate 17 and a lug 18 vertically connected to the top plate 17, the adapter includes a connecting plate 14, and a first double-ear plate 15 and a second double-ear plate 16 vertically connected to both sides of the connecting plate 14, and the installation directions of the first double-ear plate 15 and the second double-ear plate 16 are perpendicular to each other. The first double-ear plate 15 of the adapter is hinged to the lug 12 of the base, so that the photovoltaic panel connector can rotate around the Y axis, and the second double-ear plate 16 of the adapter is hinged to the lug 18 of the photovoltaic connector, so that the photovoltaic connector can rotate around the X axis. Therefore, the first photovoltaic panel installation device 1 can drive the photovoltaic panel 6 to expand and contract along the Z axis, rotate along the X and Y axes, but cannot move along the X and Y axes.

[0044] As Figure 2 and Figure 5 shown, the structures of the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device 4 are the same. Here, the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 will be taken as an example for description. The third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 includes a lift 40, a base, a one-way slide rail mechanism and a photovoltaic connector. The base is composed of a bottom plate 11 and a lug 12 vertically connected to the bottom plate 11, the photovoltaic connector is composed of a top plate 17 and a lug 18 vertically connected to the top plate 17, the one-way slide rail mechanism includes a chute 21, a first slide rail mounting plate 25, a slide rail 24, a first double-ear plate 15 and a second double-ear plate 16. The first double-ear plate 15 is vertically connected to the chute 21, the slide rail 24 is vertically connected to one side of the first slide rail mounting plate 25, the second double-ear plate 16 is vertically connected to the other side of the first slide rail mounting plate 25, and the installation directions of the first double-ear plate 15 and the second double-ear plate 16 are perpendicular to each other. The slide rail 24 is buckled in the chute 21 and can slide along the extension direction of the chute 21. The lug 12 of the base is hinged to the first double-ear plate 15, so that the photovoltaic connector can rotate around the X axis. The slide rail 24 is embedded in the chute 21, so that the photovoltaic connector can translate along the X axis. The second double-ear plate 16 mounted on the first slide rail mounting plate 25 is hinged to the lug 18 of the connecting plate 14 of the photovoltaic panel 6, so that the photovoltaic connector can rotate around the Y axis. Therefore, the third photovoltaic panel installation device 3 and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device 4 containing the one-way slide rail mechanism can expand and contract along the Z axis, rotate along the X and Y axes, and can translate along the X or Y axis.

[0045] As Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the second photovoltaic panel mounting device 2 includes a lift 40, a base, a bidirectional slide rail mechanism, and a photovoltaic connector. The base consists of a bottom plate 11 and a lug 12 vertically connected to the bottom plate 11. The photovoltaic connector consists of a top plate 17 and a lug 18 vertically connected to the top plate 17. The bidirectional slide rail mechanism includes a chute 21, a first slide rail mounting plate 25, a slide rail 24, a chute 26, a second slide rail mounting plate 28, a slide rail 27, a first double-ear plate 15, and a second double-ear plate 16. The first double-ear plate 15 is vertically connected to the chute 21. The slide rail 24 is vertically connected to one side of the first slide rail mounting plate 25. The slide rail 24 is snapped into the chute 21 and can slide along the extension direction of the chute 21. The chute 26 is vertically connected to the first slide rail mounting plate 25. The slide rail 27 is vertically connected to one side of the second slide rail mounting plate 28. The second double-ear plate 16 is vertically connected to the other side of the second slide rail mounting plate 28. The installation directions of the first double-ear plate 15 and the second double-ear plate 16 are perpendicular to each other. The slide rail 27 is snapped into the chute 26 and can slide along the extension direction of the chute 26. The installation directions of the slide rail 24 and the slide rail 27 are perpendicular to each other. Therefore, the second photovoltaic panel mounting device 2 containing the bidirectional slide rail mechanism can be telescoped in the z-axis direction, rotated in the x-axis and y-axis directions, and translated in the x-axis and y-axis directions. The above photovoltaic panel mounting system realizes rotation in the x-axis and y-axis directions through articulated connections of various components in different directions, and by adding a single-direction or bidirectional slide rail mechanism, multiple photovoltaic panel mounting devices can move synergistically in space, having multiple degrees of freedom, and improving the flexibility of the pitch attitude adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 6.

[0046] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown in the figure, the lift 40 of this embodiment adopts an electric screw lift. The motor 42 is a high-precision servo motor. The motor 42 drives the nut to rotate, thereby driving the screw 41 to lift. By controlling the steering and speed of the high-precision servo motor, the lifting height and speed of the screw 41 can be accurately controlled.

[0047] The induction system further includes a wind pressure sensor arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel 6. The wind pressure sensor is signal-connected to the control system and is used to monitor the wind pressure in real time and transmit the data to the control system. When encountering bad weather such as strong wind, it can automatically stop adjusting the action of the photovoltaic panel 6 or adjust the photovoltaic panel 6 to a safe posture.

[0048] Preferably, the induction system is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 6. The electric energy converted by the photovoltaic panel 6 can be transmitted to the induction system to supply power or perform energy management for it, and can provide clean and renewable energy for the induction system.

[0049] The control system includes a PLC control unit and a motor driver. The induction system monitors the light intensity in real time, converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and feeds back the real-time monitoring information to the PLC control unit. The PLC control unit sends an instruction to the motor driver, and the motor driver drives the screw 41 of the elevator 40 to expand and contract according to the instruction, so as to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 6.

[0050] Preferably, a molybdenum disulfide coating is sprayed on the surfaces of the chutes and rails where the one-way rail mechanism and the two-way rail mechanism are in contact, which can control the friction coefficient of the rail mechanism below 0.08 and reduce the motor load.

[0051] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art of the present invention based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container, characterized in that: Here are the steps: S1: Install a photovoltaic panel installation system on the top surface of the container, the photovoltaic panel installation system includes four photovoltaic panel installation devices, a sensing system and a control system, the four photovoltaic panel installation devices are detachably connected to the four corners of the top surface of the container, and the photovoltaic panels are detachably connected to the tops of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices, wherein the first photovoltaic panel installation device and the second photovoltaic panel installation device with a two-way slide rail mechanism are arranged along a diagonal direction of the top surface of the container, the third photovoltaic panel installation device with a one-way slide rail mechanism and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device are arranged along another diagonal direction of the top surface of the container, the slide rails of the third photovoltaic panel installation device and the fourth photovoltaic panel installation device are respectively parallel to the two mutually perpendicular sides of the photovoltaic panel, and the control system is respectively connected to the sensing system and the elevator signals of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices; S2: Install a sensing system on the top of the photovoltaic panel. The sensing system is connected to the control system signal. The sensing system includes a tilt sensor and a photosensitive sensor, which are used to monitor the sun's position and the photovoltaic panel's pitch angle in real time, and transmit the monitoring data to the control system, calculate the optimal tilt angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane, and calculate the screw adjustment distance of the four photovoltaic panel installation device lifts; S3: The control system generates four-axis coordinated motion instructions through a multivariable control algorithm, drives the motors of the four photovoltaic panel installation devices to perform corresponding movements, dynamically allocates the displacement of each axis of the four lifts based on the least squares attitude decoupling algorithm, and adjusts the pitch spatial attitude of the photovoltaic panel to the optimal angle for receiving solar radiation; S4: After the photovoltaic panel posture adjustment is completed, the actual inclination of the photovoltaic panel is read again through the inclination sensor, and the actual inclination is compared with the calculated optimal inclination for error analysis, and the angle residual is calculated and the displacement deviation is evaluated to see whether it meets the installation requirements of the photovoltaic panel spatial posture. If so, the four photovoltaic panel installation devices enter the sleep state, otherwise the control system is triggered and returns to step S3 to continue the corresponding fine-tuning.

2. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes step S5: generating an adjustment trajectory report, updating the energy efficiency optimization model, and storing historical posture data of the photovoltaic panel.

3. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first photovoltaic panel installation device includes a lift, a base, an adapter and a photovoltaic connector. The base is connected to the top of the lift, and the two ends of the adapter are hingedly connected to the base and the photovoltaic connector respectively. The photovoltaic panel is detachably connected to the top of the photovoltaic connector. The base is composed of a bottom plate and a lug 1 vertically connected to the bottom plate, and the photovoltaic connecting plate is composed of a top plate and a lug 2 vertically connected to the top plate. The adapter includes a connecting plate, and a first double-ear plate and a second double-ear plate vertically connected to both sides of the connecting plate, and the installation directions of the first double-ear plate and the second double-ear plate are perpendicular to each other.

4. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third photovoltaic panel mounting device and the fourth photovoltaic panel mounting device also include a one-way slide rail mechanism, which includes a slide groove one, a first slide rail mounting plate and a slide rail one, the first double-ear plate is vertically connected to the slide groove one, the slide rail one is vertically connected to one side of the first slide rail mounting plate, the second double-ear plate is vertically connected to the other side of the first slide rail mounting plate, and the installation directions of the first double-ear plate and the second double-ear plate are perpendicular to each other, and the slide rail one is snapped into the slide groove one and can slide along the extension direction of the slide groove one.

5. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second photovoltaic panel mounting device also includes a bidirectional slide rail mechanism, which includes a slide groove 1, a first slide rail mounting plate, slide rail 1, slide groove 2, a second slide rail mounting plate and slide rail 2. The first double-ear plate is vertically connected to the slide groove 1, the slide rail 1 is vertically connected to one side of the first slide rail mounting plate, the slide rail 1 is snapped into the slide groove 1 and can slide along the extension direction of the slide groove 1, the slide groove 2 is vertically connected to the first slide rail mounting plate, the slide rail 2 is vertically connected to one side of the second slide rail mounting plate, the second double-ear plate is vertically connected to the other side of the second slide rail mounting plate, the installation directions of the first double-ear plate and the second double-ear plate are perpendicular to each other, the installation directions of the slide rail 1 and the slide rail 2 are perpendicular to each other, and the slide rail 2 is snapped into the slide groove 2 and can slide along the extension direction of the slide groove 2.

6. The method for installing a photovoltaic panel in a container according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The elevator adopts an electric screw elevator, and the motor is a high-precision servo motor.

7. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing system also includes a wind pressure sensor disposed on the top of the photovoltaic panel, which is connected to the control system signal for real-time monitoring of wind pressure and transmitting data to the control system.

8. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction system is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel.

9. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes a PLC control unit and a motor driver. The sensing system monitors the light intensity in real time, converts the light signal into an electrical signal, and feeds back the real-time monitoring information to the PLC control unit. The PLC control unit sends instructions to the motor driver, and the motor driver drives the screw of the elevator to extend and retract according to the instructions.

10. The method for installing photovoltaic panels in a container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces where the slide grooves and slide rails of the one-way slide rail mechanism and the two-way slide rail mechanism contact each other are sprayed with a molybdenum disulfide coating.

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