Soil wind erosion treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil wind erosion treatment device which comprises a wavy grid structure, and the wavy grid structure is of a wavy three-dimensional structure formed by plastic sheets and is composed of a plurality of wave crest parts, a plurality of wave trough parts and grid units evenly distributed between the wave crest parts and the wave trough parts. A biomass rope is wound on the outer side of the trough part; the whole wavy grid structure is made of a plastic material with heat conductivity and an electrostatic adsorption function; the wave-shaped grid structure is fixed to the ground through anchoring inhaul cables. The whole soil wind erosion treatment device can be laid in a modularized mode, the wave crest arrangement direction and the anchoring point density are optimized according to the wind erosion terrain and the wind direction, and the soil wind erosion treatment device is suitable for wind erosion sensitive areas in arid and semi-arid areas. In practical application, the device can effectively relieve direct scouring of strong wind to surface sand grains, meanwhile, condensation, water catchment and sand stabilization are induced through the structure of the device, the ecological vegetation restoration process is gradually introduced, and the device has the ecological property and engineering property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil erosion, and in particular to a soil wind erosion control device. Background Art

[0002] Soil wind erosion refers to the process of material stripping, transportation and deposition caused by wind in arid, semi-arid or seasonally dry areas. It is one of the main driving factors of land degradation and ecosystem deterioration. Wind erosion can lead to the loss of organic matter and nutrients in the surface soil, destroy the surface structure, form sand dunes and sand ridges, and in severe cases, trigger sandstorms, threatening farmland, roads, buildings and human life and property.

[0003] To curb wind erosion, currently widely used engineering control measures include grass grids, sand barriers, ground films, fences and other structures. These methods mainly achieve the purpose of physical sand blocking and soil consolidation by increasing the surface roughness, dispersing wind energy and reducing the wind speed near the ground. Among them, the grass grid method is widely used in primary sand fixation projects in wind and sand front areas and degraded grasslands because of its simple structure and easy availability of materials.

[0004] However, the existing technology has exposed a series of problems in long-term application. For example, traditional grass grids usually use natural fiber materials such as straw and reeds, which are easy to rot, break, and fall off under strong winds, strong ultraviolet radiation or rain erosion, resulting in the overall failure of the sand-fixing structure. Traditional grass grids, sand barriers and other structures only have physical wind-blocking functions, single functions, and do not have ecological restoration effects, requiring follow-up measures such as vegetation restoration. In addition, existing sand-fixing structures mostly rely on simple primitive anchoring methods such as soil compaction and manual insertion of rods, which are often lifted up as a whole under strong winds and lose their sand control effects. Moreover, during the wind erosion process, the soil under the cover often becomes floating sand at the roots due to continuous sand blowing or vibration, causing the bottom contact of the structure to become unstable, forming potential slip points or anchor failure areas, causing the structure to shift as a whole or fall off at the edges after strong winds. Grass grids and sand barriers have a good deceleration effect on the windward side, but the leeward side often forms a low-pressure recirculation zone due to the detour of wind flow, which will cause the local wind speed to increase again, the sand to gather and the scouring to increase, and then induce the formation of secondary wind erosion cores. This phenomenon is particularly prominent in areas with uneven terrain and frequent wind direction changes, and is an important cause of the long-term failure of existing governance measures. Due to problems such as rapid material aging, weak anchoring, and lack of ecological functions, existing structures usually need to be repaired or replaced regularly, which restricts their actual promotion efficiency and cost-effectiveness in large-scale, long-term governance projects.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new type of soil wind erosion control device with comprehensive functions such as structural stability, combined with biological restoration and prevention of secondary erosion, so as to overcome the root loosening and leeward backflow problems existing in traditional grass grids or sand barriers in strong wind environments, thereby achieving more efficient and sustainable wind erosion control and ecological restoration goals. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for controlling soil wind erosion to reduce or avoid the problems mentioned above.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a device for controlling soil wind erosion, including a wavy grid structure. The wavy grid structure is formed by a plastic sheet into a wavy three-dimensional structure, which consists of a plurality of peak portions, a plurality of valley portions, and grid units evenly distributed between the peak portions and the valley portions. Among them: the peak portions are in a smooth arched shape, and the width of the peak portions gradually narrows towards the valley portions; a biomass rope is wound around the outside of the valley portions; the entire wavy grid structure is made of a plastic material with heat conductivity and electrostatic adsorption functions; the wavy grid structure is fixed to the ground by anchor cables.

[0008] Preferably, the plastic material is composed of high-density polyethylene containing 10 - 20wt% short glass fibers, 15 - 20wt% nano graphite, and 1 - 2wt% antioxidant.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the wavy grid structure is provided with condensate water drainage grooves guiding from the peak portions to the valley portions.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the wavy grid structure is coated with a hydrophilic coating.

[0011] Preferably, both ends of the anchor cable are respectively fixed to the anchor rods on both sides of the ground of the wavy grid structure, and the anchor cable is fixedly connected to the biomass rope of the valley portion.

[0012] Preferably, the height difference between the peak portions and the valley portions is 5 cm to 20 cm, the maximum width of the peak is 10 cm to 30 cm, and the size of the grid units is 20 cm × 20 cm to 50 cm × 50 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the biomass rope is filled with a water-absorbing and biodegradable biomass material for promoting biomass growth and enhancing soil stability under humid conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the biomass material is selected from one or more of wood chips, rice husks, cotton and linen fibers, coconut shell fibers, and dried algae matter.

[0015] The soil wind erosion control device of the present invention has excellent wind erosion resistance and ecological restoration functions. The overall device adopts a wavy grid structure, which breaks the concentrated scouring of wind force on the ground surface through a three-dimensional structure, significantly reducing the wind erosion intensity, and is particularly suitable for areas with frequent sandstorms and exposed ground surfaces. The crest part of the wavy structure is broad and smooth, which helps to condense the water vapor in the air at night, and the condensed water flows into the trough area along the trend, enhancing the humid environment of the soil surface layer.

[0016] The soil wind erosion control device of the present invention has good thermal conductivity and electrostatic adsorption ability, which is not only beneficial to the condensation of water vapor at night, but also can adsorb fine dust particles in the air, reducing the possibility of dust return. At the same time, the biomass straw ropes wound around the trough part are filled with natural materials that can absorb water and degrade, which can promote the growth of microorganisms and plant roots under continuous wet conditions, effectively improving the soil stability and promoting the natural restoration of vegetation, taking into account the dual goals of wind erosion control and ecological restoration.

[0017] In addition, the soil wind erosion control device of the present invention can be prestressed fixed through anchor cables, so that the grid structure can fit the ground surface more firmly, resist the lifting of wind force, overcome the problem of structural failure caused by the loosening of floating sand at the roots of the traditional straw checkerboard structure, and avoid the formation of a secondary wind erosion core. The whole system is easy to install, the materials are widely sourced, and it has good prospects for industrial promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present application schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 Shows a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the soil wind erosion control device of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Shows a structure schematic diagram of the wavy grid structure of the soil wind erosion control device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the surface water conduction structure of the soil wind erosion control device according to another specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the traction and anchoring structure of the soil wind erosion control device according to another specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Among them, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0024] Based on the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a soil wind erosion control device, as Figure 1 shown. Different from the existing flexible structures such as straw checkerboards and plastic meshes, the present invention constructs a three-dimensional wavy structure with a certain stiffness, which changes the airflow movement pattern aerodynamically and converts wind energy into inefficient energy forms such as turbulence and vortices, thereby reducing the direct impact on the ground surface.

[0025] More specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the soil wind erosion control device of the present invention includes a wavy grid structure 1, and the wavy grid structure 1 is formed into a wavy three-dimensional structure by a plastic sheet, and is composed of a plurality of crest portions 11, a plurality of trough portions 12, and grid cells 13 evenly distributed between the crest portions 11 and the trough portions 12.

[0026] The wavy grid structure of the present invention is made of a plastic sheet, and the plastic sheet is formed into a wavy three-dimensional structure with a certain elasticity and strength by hot pressing or injection molding. The three-dimensional structure fluctuates periodically in the transverse and longitudinal directions, forming a plurality of crest portions 11 and trough portions 12, and the crest and trough are connected by regular grid cells 13 to form a wavy framework with aerodynamic characteristics.

[0027] When this wavy grid structure 1 is laid on the ground, the trough portions 12 are anchored to the ground, which can prevent the erosion caused by the soil moving with the wind. When the airflow encounters the crest portion 11 of the wave, the airflow will be forced to rise and decelerate along the crest, and the flow velocity near the ground will decrease; when the airflow passes through the crest portion 11, separation vortices are formed in the trough portion 12, and these vortices can continuously consume wind energy. The crest portion 11 lifts and compresses the airflow to form a high-pressure area, and when it reaches the trough portion 12, the airflow expands to form a low-pressure area. Through the repeated pressure difference changes between the plurality of crest portions 11 and trough portions 12, the airflow can be forced to repeatedly adjust its direction inside the grid cell 13. The change in the direction of the airflow inside the grid cell 13 not only continuously reduces the transmission of wind energy, but also reduces the direct impact on the ground, thereby reducing the erosion speed of the wind on the ground surface.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the height difference between the peak portion 11 and the trough portion 12 is 5 cm to 20 cm, the maximum width of the peak is 10 cm to 30 cm, and the size of the grid cell 13 is 20 cm × 20 cm to 50 cm × 50 cm. Through actual measurement, the wavy grid structure of the present invention can achieve an optimal balance effect in terms of air flow separation and reattachment. For example, when the incoming flow wind speed is 8 m / s, the wind speed reduction efficiency of the planar grid is 30%-40%, and the reduction rate of surface sediment transport is 50%-60%. Under the same wind speed conditions, for the three-dimensional wavy grid structure of the present invention, the wind speed reduction efficiency can reach 50%-70%, and the reduction rate of surface sediment transport is 80%-90%, showing a significant improvement compared with the prior art.

[0029] Furthermore, in the soil wind erosion control device of the present invention, the peak portion 11 is in a smooth arched shape, and the width of the peak portion 12 gradually narrows towards the trough portion; a biomass rope 2 is wound around the outside of the trough portion 12.

[0030] The peak portion 11 gradually narrows in width from the top to the trough portions 12 on both sides, so that the wind is blocked and decelerated when passing through the surface of the device, and turbulent separation is likely to occur at the peak.

[0031] In another specific embodiment, the wavy grid structure 1 can be entirely made of a plastic material with heat conductivity. Due to the presence of the peak portion 11 protruding above the ground surface, the wavy grid structure 1 of the present invention has a strong radiation heat dissipation ability, and thus can utilize this part to condense and absorb moisture in the air. By using a material with good heat conductivity, the surface temperature can be reduced faster, and thus the function of condensing water vapor can be obtained.

[0032] For example, as Figure 3 shown, a condensate water guiding groove 14 guiding from the peak portion 11 to the trough portion 12 can be provided on the surface of the wavy grid structure 1, for guiding the condensed water vapor droplets to the biomass rope 2 at the trough (which will be further described in detail later), facilitating centralized wetting and promoting plant germination. The condensate water guiding groove 14 can be formed on the material surface through a mold when the plastic sheet is hot-pressed or injection-molded.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the flow of condensed water vapor from the peak portion 11 to the trough portion 12, preferably, a hydrophilic coating (not shown in the figure) can be coated on the surface of the wavy grid structure, so that the material surface has a certain hydrophilicity or wettability. Otherwise, the water will form beads and hang without flowing. The hydrophilic coating can be a coating containing hydrophilic materials such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and / or silane coupling agents (such as GPTMS, APTES), such as acrylate coatings, polyurethane coatings, etc. The coating method can be spraying or roll coating, etc.

[0034] In addition, in order to further reduce the migration of fine soil particles, the corrugated grid structure 1 of the present invention can also be entirely made of a plastic material with electrostatic adsorption function. The corrugated grid structure 1 can be electrified on its surface under ultraviolet irradiation or wind friction during the day, so as to adsorb fine particles.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the plastic material of the present invention preferably can be composed of high-density polyethylene containing 10-20wt% short glass fibers, 15-20wt% nano graphite, and 1-2wt% antioxidant. HDPE (high-density polyethylene) has the advantages of corrosion resistance, large temperature difference resistance (-40°C - 60°C), relatively low cost, strong formability; it can support the stability of the overall structure and is not easily deformed. However, there may be a problem of insufficient flexural rigidity for maintaining the three-dimensional structure of the wave crest and wave trough. Therefore, in the above embodiment, 10-20wt% short glass fibers are added to HDPE to significantly improve the flexural modulus and anti-deformation ability; while retaining the original toughness and not being easily brittle. 15-20wt% nano graphite can improve the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of the material, support the rapid cooling and heat conduction of the corrugated grid structure at night, and enable it to have a more efficient condensation water vapor function; at the same time, its surface has an electrostatic adsorption function through electrical conductivity. The antioxidant is used to improve the overall durability of the material, avoid aging and fracture in the short term, so as to maintain the effect of resisting wind and sand erosion for a long time.

[0036] Specifically, the short glass fibers can be purchased from PPG 3540 of PPG in the United States, or EMC100 of Jushi Group, etc. The nano graphite can be purchased from HX-G100 of Qingdao Haoxin Graphite Co., Ltd., or ZRN-GP300 of Jiangxi Zhongruineng New Materials, etc. The antioxidant can be selected from tetraphenyl phenol ester or phosphite antioxidant, such as IrganoX1010 of ASF BASF, or SONGNOX 1680 of SONGWON Songyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., etc. The high-density polyethylene (HDPE) resin can be selected from HDPE5000S of Sinopec, HDPE YGH041T of PetroChina, etc.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Raw materials Content (wt%) High density polyethylene (HDPE) 58％ Short glass fiber (PPG 3540, length 3 - 6 mm) 20％ Nano graphite (HX - G100, average particle size 300 nm) 20％ Antioxidant 2％

[0039] Performance test results.

[0040] Performance item Unit Test result Tensile strength MPa 42.3 Flexural modulus MPa 2200 Surface resistivity Ω / sq 108 Thermal conductivity W / (m·K) 0.42 Tensile retention rate after aging (1000 h, 80 °C) ％ 92

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Raw materials Content (wt%) High density polyethylene (HDPE) 65.5％ Short glass fiber (PPG 3540, length 3 - 6 mm) 15％ Nano graphite (ZRN - GP300, average particle size 300 nm) 18％ Antioxidant 1.5％

[0043] Performance test results.

[0044] Performance item Unit Test result Tensile strength MPa 40.7 Flexural modulus MPa 2150 Surface resistivity Ω / sq <![CDATA[10 8 > Thermal conductivity W / (m·K) 0.46 Tensile retention rate after aging (1000 h, 80 °C) ％ 94

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Raw materials Content (wt%) High density polyethylene (HDPE) 74％ Short glass fiber (EMC100, length 3 - 6 mm) 10％ Nano graphite (HX - G100, average particle size 300 nm) 15％ Antioxidant 1％

[0047] Performance test results.

[0048] Performance item Unit Test result Tensile strength MPa 41.5 Flexural modulus MPa 2180 Surface resistivity Ω / sq <![CDATA[10 8 > Thermal conductivity W / (m·K) 0.41 Tensile retention rate after aging (1000 h, 80 °C) ％ 93

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] Raw materials Content (wt%) High density polyethylene (HDPE) 78％ Nano graphite 20％ Antioxidant 2％

[0051] Performance test results.

[0052] Performance item Unit Test result Tensile strength MPa 25.1 Flexural modulus MPa 1080 Surface resistivity Ω / sq 106 Thermal conductivity W / (m·K) 0.36 Tensile retention rate after aging ％ 66

[0053] Defect description: Although it has certain thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, it lacks glass fiber reinforcement, has poor overall rigidity, poor adaptability to wind pressure load, and is prone to deformation.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] Raw materials Content (wt%) High density polyethylene (HDPE) 85％ Short glass fiber 13％ Antioxidant 2％

[0056] Performance test results.

[0057] Performance item Unit Test result Tensile strength MPa 34.9 Flexural modulus MPa 1900 Surface resistivity Ω / sq 1011 Thermal conductivity W / (m·K) 0.26 Tensile retention rate after aging ％ 81

[0058] Defect description: Although it has good structural performance, its thermal conductivity and antistatic properties are insufficient, which is not conducive to ground moisture condensation or particle adsorption.

[0059] Comparative Example 3 Raw materials Content (wt%) High density polyethylene (HDPE) 65％ Short glass fiber 15％ Nano graphite 20％ Antioxidant 0％

[0060] Performance test results.

[0061] Performance item Unit Test result Tensile strength MPa 38.6 (initial) Flexural modulus MPa 1980 (initial) Tensile retention rate after aging ％ 61 Surface resistivity Ω / sq 107 Thermal conductivity W / (m·K) 0.38

[0062] Defect description: The initial performance is close to that of the example, but it degrades rapidly under high-temperature and high-ultraviolet environments, indicating that the antioxidant is a key component to maintain the durability of the material.

[0063] Furthermore, a biomass rope 2 is wound around the outside of the trough portion 12. The rope can be a traditional straw rope or a bionic rope woven from biodegradable materials, which is convenient for enhancing the water aggregation ability in the trough area and providing a microbial habitat platform. When weaving the biomass rope, biomass materials that can absorb water and degrade (such as wood chips, rice husks, cotton and linen fibers, coconut shell fibers, or dried algae matter, etc.) can be filled in it, which is used to adsorb condensed water, maintain a moist state, promote the natural fermentation of biomass and the rooting and germination of new plants, and then a root network can be formed to enhance water retention and soil stability.

[0064] To ensure the long-term stable operation of the device in a sandy environment, the corrugated grid structure 1 is fixed to the ground by anchor cables 3. Specifically, as Figure 4 shown, both ends of the anchor cable 3 are respectively fixed to the anchor rods 31 on both sides of the ground of the corrugated grid structure 1, and the anchor cable 3 is fixedly connected to the biomass rope 2 of the trough portion 12.

[0065] In the illustrated specific embodiment, the trough portion 12 is fixed to the ground by the anchor cable 3 arranged below it. Both ends of each anchor cable 3 are firmly inserted into the ground outside the corrugated grid structure 1 through the anchor rods 31, and a tensioning structure can be used for prestress adjustment. The anchor cable 3 can be made of stainless steel wire rope, polyester fiber rope or other corrosion-resistant and tensile-resistant materials, and is connected to the biomass rope 2 of the trough portion 12 by means of buckles, collar rings 32, etc., so as to enhance the overall anti-pulling performance and prevent the structure from loosening due to floating sand at the roots.

[0066] The anchor cable adopts a tensioning structure, which can apply prestress. By tensioning the cable during the installation process, the corrugated grid structure can always be in a stressed state during use, thus significantly improving the overall stability and wind erosion resistance of the device. The introduction of prestress can effectively compress the contact interface between the structure and the ground, prevent the floating sand at the roots from loosening and the device from becoming loose due to the action of wind force, and at the same time enhance the adaptability of the structure to sudden strong winds. In addition, the tensioning structure can be adjusted according to the terrain conditions. In the case of being partially buried by sand, the cable can be conveniently loosened to lift the overall structure from the sand to the surface, and it can continue to play a role, with good operability and durability.

[0067] In summary, the overall soil wind erosion control device of the present invention can be modularly laid, optimize the arrangement direction of wave crests and the density of anchor points according to the wind erosion terrain and wind direction, and is applicable to wind erosion sensitive areas in arid and semi-arid regions. In practical applications, the device can effectively relieve the direct scouring of the surface sand grains by strong winds, and at the same time use its own structure to induce condensation, water collection, sand fixation and gradually introduce the process of ecological vegetation restoration, combining ecological and engineering properties.

[0068] Those skilled in the art should understand that although the present invention is described in terms of multiple embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This description in the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should understand the specification as a whole and consider the technical solutions involved in each embodiment as ways that can be combined with each other to form different embodiments to understand the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] The above are only illustrative specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications, and combinations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil wind erosion control device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wavy grid structure, which is formed into a wavy three-dimensional structure by a plastic sheet, and is composed of a plurality of crest parts, a plurality of trough parts and grid units evenly distributed between the crest parts and the trough parts, wherein: the crest part is in a smooth arch shape, and its width gradually narrows toward the trough part; a biomass rope is wound around the outside of the trough part; the wavy grid structure is made of a plastic material with thermal conductivity and electrostatic adsorption function as a whole; and the wavy grid structure is fixed to the ground by anchor cables.

2. The soil wind erosion control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic material consists of high-density polyethylene containing 10-20 wt% of short glass fiber, 15-20 wt% of nanographite and 1-2 wt% of antioxidant.

3. The soil wind erosion control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the wave-shaped grid structure is provided with condensed water guiding grooves which guide the condensed water from the wave crest part to the wave trough part.

4. The soil wind erosion control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The surface of the wavy grid structure is coated with a hydrophilic coating.

5. The soil wind erosion control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the anchor cable are respectively fixed to anchor rods in the ground at both sides of the wave-shaped grid structure, and the anchor cable is fixedly connected to the biomass rope of the trough part.

6. The soil wind erosion control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height difference between the crest part and the trough part is 5 cm to 20 cm, the maximum width of the crest is 10 cm to 30 cm, and the size of the grid unit is 20 cm×20 cm to 50 cm×50 cm.

7. The soil wind erosion control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass rope is filled with water-absorbent and degradable biomass material to promote biomass growth and enhance soil stability under wet conditions.

8. The soil wind erosion control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The biomass material is selected from one or more of wood chips, rice husks, cotton and linen fibers, coconut shell fibers, and algae dry matter.

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