Retaining wall combining buttress type and gravity type

Abstract

The invention discloses a counterfort type and gravity type combined retaining wall, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering. The retaining wall is composed of a reinforced concrete counterfort retaining wall on the upper half portion and an excavation type gravity retaining wall on the lower half portion. The upper half part rib plate wall and a horizontal panel form a space frame through a vertical rib plate, so that the dead weight is reduced, and the bending resistance is improved; the gravity retaining wall of the lower half part forms a thick wall body by excavating a foundation trench and casting rubble concrete in place, and the overall stability is enhanced by utilizing self weight and passive earth pressure. The upper part and the lower part are simply connected through a stepped structure arranged at the top of the retaining wall of the lower part, and drainage holes and inverted filter layers are arranged to optimize drainage performance. The retaining wall has the advantages of being light in weight, high in rigidity, low in material cost and convenient and fast to construct, and is suitable for slope supporting under the conditions of complex terrains and high fill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of civil engineering, and in particular to a combined retaining wall of counterfort type and gravity type suitable for slope support. Background Art

[0002] Traditional gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight to maintain stability, with problems such as large material consumption, high requirements for foundation bearing capacity, and large excavation volume required temporarily; single cantilever or counterfort retaining walls can reduce the wall thickness, but require complex steel reinforcement configuration and long construction periods. There is a lack of an efficient retaining structure in the prior art that can both reduce material costs and adapt to complex terrains. For this reason, the present invention proposes a combined retaining wall to achieve a balance between safety and economy through the synergistic effect of the upper counterfort retaining wall and the lower gravity retaining wall. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a combined retaining wall of counterfort type and gravity type in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a combined retaining wall of counterfort type and gravity type, including a reinforced concrete counterfort retaining wall in the upper half and an excavated gravity retaining wall in the lower half, with a "Z"-shaped structure at the connection to form an integral whole;

[0005] The reinforced concrete counterfort retaining wall is composed of anti-slip tenons, horizontal bottom plates, vertical panels, and vertical rib plates. The vertical rib plates are arranged at intervals along the length of the retaining wall, and the bottom of the anti-slip tenons extends downward below the top surface of the gravity retaining wall;

[0006] The excavated gravity retaining wall includes a wall formed by pouring mass concrete after foundation trench excavation;

[0007] The "Z"-shaped structure is a stepped structure at the top of the gravity retaining wall, which intersects with the shape of the anti-slip tenons, and concrete is poured successively to form an integral whole.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical rib plates are arranged at intervals, the rib plate spacing is 3m to 6m, and the thickness is 0.3m to 0.6m, forming a bending strengthening structure for the ribbed wall.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the gravity retaining wall is provided with a "Z"-shaped structure to reduce the bending moment on the wall body of the lower half gravity retaining wall, thereby reducing the cross-sectional size of the gravity retaining wall body.

[0010] Furthermore, drain holes are provided on the back of the vertical panel, with a hole diameter of 50mm to 150mm, a horizontal spacing of 2m to 3m, and a vertical spacing of 2m to 3m. The inner side of the drain holes is wrapped with a geotextile filter layer, and 500mm*500mm*500mm gravel is used for backfill behind the drain holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the backfill compacted soil behind the wall is made of gravel soil compacted in layers, and the degree of compaction is ≥ 95%.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom width of the gravity retaining wall body in the excavation method is 0.4 - 0.6 times the wall height, and the slope of the wall back is 1:0.1 - 1:0.25.

[0013] Advantages of the present invention:

[0014] 1. Compared with a single gravity retaining wall, the retaining wall of the present invention can reduce the concrete consumption by more than 30%. At the same time, the horizontal bottom plate (5) of the upper retaining wall (1) realizes the unloading effect on the lower retaining wall (2), thereby improving the overall anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities;

[0015] 2. The upper retaining wall (1) and the lower retaining wall (2) are connected in a quasi-hinged manner, without transmitting bending moments, which can reduce the cross-sectional dimensions of the lower structure, thereby reducing the building material cost; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional space model view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the upper retaining wall of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the drainage system of the upper retaining wall in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the structure of the lower retaining wall in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the steel bar reinforcement and detailed structure of the upper retaining wall in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: As Figures 1-6 shown, for an excavation slope of a certain building with a height of 5m, a retaining wall support combining a counterfort type and a gravity type provided by the present invention is adopted:

[0024] 1. Construction of the lower retaining wall: The lower part is an excavated gravity retaining wall 2, formed by excavating a foundation trench and pouring rubble concrete. A foundation trench with a bottom width of 1.5 m - 2.5 m and a depth of 1 m is excavated, and C20 rubble concrete is poured to a wall height of 3 m to form the gravity retaining wall 2. The bottom width of the wall is 0.4 - 0.6 times the wall height, and the slope of the wall back is 1:0.1 - 1:0.25; A stepped connection structure with a "Z" - shaped structure 3 is set at the top of the wall, staggered with the shape of the anti - slip tenon 4, and concrete is poured successively to form an integral body, reducing the bending moment on the wall body of the lower - part gravity retaining wall 2, thereby reducing the cross - sectional size of the wall body of the gravity retaining wall 2, achieving a similar hinged connection, ensuring the effective transfer of loads. The backfill behind the wall is compacted in layers with fill soil, and crushed stone soil is used for layered compaction, with a compaction degree ≥ 95%;

[0025] 2. Construction of the upper retaining wall: The upper part is a reinforced concrete counterfort retaining wall 1, which consists of an anti - slip tenon 4, a horizontal bottom plate 5, a vertical panel 6, and vertical rib plates 7 to form a space frame. The thickness of the vertical panel 6 is 0.3 m - 0.6 m, and the spacing between rib plates is 3 m - 6 m; The vertical rib plates 7 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the retaining wall to form a ribbed wall bending - strengthening structure, and the bottom of the anti - slip tenon 4 extends downward to below the top surface of the gravity retaining wall 2; The steel - bar framework of the retaining wall is tied, and after formwork support, C30 concrete is poured. The anti - slip tenon at the bottom of the retaining wall is directly poured on the top of the lower retaining wall;

[0026] 3. Drainage system: Drainage holes 8 with a diameter of Φ160 mm are set at a distance of 1.5 m from the ground on the back of the vertical panel 6, with a hole diameter of 50 mm - 150 mm, a horizontal spacing of 2 m - 3 m, and a vertical spacing of 2 m - 3 m, arranged in a plum - blossom pattern. A non - woven geotextile is wrapped inside to form a geotextile filter layer 9, and behind the drainage holes, a gravel backfill 10 with a size of 500 mm * 500 mm * 500 mm is used.

[0027] Effect: It saves 40% of concrete compared with traditional gravity retaining walls, and the construction period is shortened by 25%. After two years of monitoring, the horizontal displacement is less than 15 mm.

[0028] The above - mentioned embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and scope of the protection of the claims of the present invention, any modification and change made to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retaining wall combining buttress type and gravity type, characterized in that: It comprises an upper part of a reinforced concrete buttress retaining wall (1) and a lower part of a digging gravity retaining wall (2), the junction of the two is a "Z"-shaped structure (3) to form a whole; The reinforced concrete buttress retaining wall (1) is composed of an anti-slip tenon (4), a horizontal bottom plate (5), a vertical panel (6) and a vertical rib plate (7), wherein the vertical rib plates (7) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the retaining wall, and the bottom of the anti-slip tenon (4) extends downward to below the top surface of the gravity retaining wall (2); The excavation-type gravity retaining wall (2) comprises a wall body formed by pouring rough stone concrete after excavating the foundation trench; The "Z"-shaped structure (3) is a stepped structure at the top of the gravity retaining wall (2), which is staggered with the anti-slip tenon (4) in shape, and concrete is poured successively to form a whole.

2. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical ribs (7) are arranged at intervals, with a rib spacing of 3m to 6m and a thickness of 0.3m to 0.6m, forming a ribbed wall bending reinforcement structure.

3. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A "Z"-shaped structure (3) is arranged at the top of the gravity retaining wall (2) to reduce the bending moment on the lower half of the gravity retaining wall (2), thereby reducing the cross-sectional size of the gravity retaining wall (2).

4. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: Drain holes (8) are arranged on the back of the vertical panel (6), with a hole diameter of 50 mm to 150 mm, a horizontal spacing of 2 m to 3 m, and a vertical spacing of 2 m to 3 m. A geotextile filter layer (9) is wrapped inside the drainage holes, and 500 mm*500 mm*500 mm gravel soil (10) is used behind the drainage holes.

5. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backfill compacted soil (11) behind the wall is compacted in layers using crushed stone soil, with a compaction degree of ≥95%.

6. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom width of the excavation-type gravity retaining wall (2) is 0.4 to 0.6 times the wall height, and the back slope of the wall is 1:0.1 to 1:0.25.

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