Bridge and tunnel structure crack monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge and tunnel structure crack monitoring device and method, and relates to the technical field of crack monitoring. The device comprises a rack plate, uniformly distributed hanging bars are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rack plate, a moving seat is arranged on the upper surface of the rack plate, a mounting sleeve is arranged on the face, away from the rack plate, of the moving seat, a crack monitor is detachably mounted in the mounting sleeve, and a dismounting mechanism used for dismounting the crack monitor is arranged in the mounting sleeve. A first rotating rod is driven to rotate, the first rotating rod enables a protruding rod to rotate with the axis of the first rotating rod as the circle center through a crank, the protruding rod enables a cambered surface block and a swing plate to swing in a reciprocating mode through a cambered surface groove, and the swing plate enables a crack monitor to synchronously swing in a reciprocating mode through a mounting sleeve. And the crack monitor swings back and forth to carry out comprehensive crack monitoring on the lower surface of the bridge, so that comprehensive crack monitoring on the lower surface of the bridge is conveniently realized, and the effect of monitoring the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crack monitoring, and specifically relates to a bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] Bridge-tunnel engineering: Bridge-tunnel engineering is an important part of high-grade highways, which includes bridges, culverts, channels, tunnels, etc. Composition of a bridge: A bridge consists of two main parts: (1) The bridge span structure (or bridge opening structure, upper structure), which is the main load-bearing structure that spans the obstacle when the line is interrupted by an obstacle. (2) Bridge piers, abutments, and pier and abutment foundations (collectively referred to as the lower structure), which are buildings that support the bridge span structure and transmit dead loads, vehicle loads, etc. to the ground. The following problems exist in the existing technology for crack monitoring of bridge-tunnel structures: 1. In the existing technology, the crack monitoring of the bridge surface is mostly completed by a crack monitor. However, most crack monitors are fixed on the bridge surface through expansion bolts, and external construction tools are required to fix the crack monitor during the installation process, resulting in inconvenient installation of the crack monitor; 2. At the same time, since the crack monitor is fixed on the bridge surface, the crack monitor can only monitor the cracks of the bridge at the fixed position, resulting in inconvenient and incomplete crack monitoring of the entire bridge; In view of the above problems, the inventor proposes a bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems of inconvenient installation of the crack monitor and incomplete crack monitoring of the bridge; the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device and method.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device includes a frame plate. Uniformly distributed suspension bars are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the frame plate. A moving seat is provided on the upper surface of the frame plate. An installation sleeve is provided on the side of the moving seat away from the frame plate. A crack monitor is detachably installed inside the installation sleeve. A disassembly and assembly mechanism for disassembling and assembling the crack monitor is provided inside the installation sleeve. A swing monitoring mechanism is provided on the surfaces of the frame plate and the moving seat. A moving monitoring mechanism is provided on the surface of the frame plate.

[0005] Preferably, the disassembly and assembly mechanism includes two semi-circular clamping plates. The two semi-circular clamping plates are in movable contact with the inner wall of the mounting sleeve. Anti-slip pads are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the two semi-circular clamping plates. The inner walls of the two anti-slip pads are in movable contact with the outer wall of the crack monitor. A first chute is provided on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve. Two first sliders are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first chute. The upper surface of one first slider is fixedly connected to the lower surface of one semi-circular clamping plate. A double-headed screw is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the mounting sleeve. The double-headed screw passes through the first chute and is in threaded rotational connection with the two first sliders. A handle is fixedly installed at one end of the double-headed screw.

[0006] Preferably, the swing monitoring mechanism includes a fixed ring. Two first fixing rods are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed ring. The ends of the two first fixing rods away from the fixed ring are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving seat. A through groove is provided on the outer wall of the fixed ring. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the through groove. A swing plate is provided inside the through groove. The swing plate passes through the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. One end of the swing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting sleeve. An arc-shaped block is fixedly installed at the end of the swing plate away from the mounting sleeve. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the surface of the arc-shaped block away from the swing plate. A first rotating rod is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the moving seat. The end of the first rotating rod away from the moving seat passes through the fixed ring and is rotatably connected to the fixed ring. A crank is fixedly installed at the end of the first rotating rod close to the fixed ring. A convex rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the crank away from the first rotating rod. The end of the convex rod away from the crank is in movable contact with the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove. A second rotating rod is rotatably installed on one side of the moving seat. Bevel gears are fixedly installed at one end of the second rotating rod and at the end of the first rotating rod close to the moving seat. The two bevel gears are meshed with each other. A transmission gear is fixedly installed at the end of the second rotating rod away from the bevel gear. A toothed plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the frame plate close to the moving seat. The toothed plate is meshed with the transmission gear.

[0007] Preferably, the movement monitoring mechanism includes two lead screws. One end of the two lead screws is rotatably connected to one side of the frame plate. Two second chutes are provided on the upper surface of the frame plate. Two second sliders are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two second chutes. One lead screw passes through one second chute and is in threaded rotational connection with one second slider. The upper surfaces of the two second sliders are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving seat. Synchronous wheels are fixedly installed at one end of the two lead screws. A synchronous belt is connected in transmission between the two synchronous wheels.

[0008] Preferably, a servo motor is fixedly provided on one side of the frame plate. One end of the driving output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of a lead screw. A second fixing rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the servo motor. The end of the second fixing rod away from the servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the frame plate.

[0009] A method for monitoring cracks in a bridge-tunnel structure includes the following steps: S1. Installation of the crack monitor Fix the frame plate on the lower surface of the bridge through the suspension bars and the mounting parts. Place the crack monitor in the mounting sleeve. Then drive the two semi-circular clamping plates and the two anti-slip pads to move towards each other. The two semi-circular clamping plates clamp the crack monitor in the mounting sleeve through the two anti-slip pads; S2. Monitoring of cracks on the lower surface of the bridge Drive the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the second slider to move horizontally. The second slider makes the moving seat move horizontally. The moving seat makes the mounting sleeve and the crack monitor move horizontally synchronously. The horizontal movement of the crack monitor monitors the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge; S3. Oscillation of the crack monitor Drive the first rotating rod to rotate. The first rotating rod makes the convex rod rotate around the axis of the first rotating rod through the crank. The convex rod makes the arc-shaped block and the swing plate reciprocally swing around the axis of the rotating shaft through the arc-shaped groove. The swing plate makes the crack monitor reciprocally swing synchronously through the mounting sleeve. The reciprocal swing of the crack monitor comprehensively monitors the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Fix the frame plate on the lower surface of the bridge through the suspension bars and the mounting parts. Place the crack monitor in the mounting sleeve. Then drive the two semi-circular clamping plates and the two anti-slip pads to move towards each other. The two semi-circular clamping plates clamp the crack monitor in the mounting sleeve through the two anti-slip pads, thus conveniently realizing the fixed installation of the crack monitor, effectively improving the convenience of installing the crack monitor, and at the same time, facilitating the subsequent disassembly of the crack monitor by the staff; 2. Drive the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the second slider to move horizontally. The second slider makes the moving seat move horizontally. The moving seat makes the mounting sleeve and the crack monitor move horizontally synchronously. The horizontal movement of the crack monitor monitors the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge, thus conveniently realizing the crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge and effectively improving the convenience of crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge; 3. By driving the first rotating rod to rotate, the first rotating rod causes the convex rod to rotate around the axis of the first rotating rod through a crank. The convex rod causes the arc-shaped block and the swing plate to swing reciprocally around the axis of the rotating shaft through an arc-shaped groove. The swing plate causes the crack monitor to swing reciprocally synchronously through the mounting sleeve. The reciprocal swing of the crack monitor performs a comprehensive crack monitoring on the lower surface of the bridge, thus conveniently achieving a comprehensive crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge, and further effectively improving the effect of crack monitoring on the lower surface of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic connection diagram of the frame plate, moving seat, mounting sleeve and crack monitor of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic view of part A.

[0014] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic view of part B.

[0015] Figure 4 Another schematic connection diagram of the frame plate, moving seat, mounting sleeve and crack monitor of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic view of part C.

[0017] Figure 6 Schematic connection diagram of the convex rod and the arc-shaped groove of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 Schematic separation diagram of the crack monitor and the mounting sleeve of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 8 Schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting sleeve of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, frame plate; 11, suspension bar; 111, mounting part; 12, moving seat; 13, mounting sleeve; 2, crack monitor; 3, disassembly and assembly mechanism; 31, semi-circular clamping plate; 32, anti-slip pad; 33, first chute; 34, first slider; 35, double-headed screw; 36, handle; 4, swing monitoring mechanism; 41, fixed ring; 42, first fixed rod; 43, through slot; 44, rotating shaft; 45, swing plate; 46, arc-shaped block; 47, arc-shaped groove; 48, first rotating rod; 49, crank; 5, convex rod; 51, second rotating rod; 52, bevel gear; 53, transmission gear; 54, toothed plate; 6, moving monitoring mechanism; 61, lead screw; 62, second chute; 63, second slider; 64, synchronous pulley; 65, synchronous belt; 66, servo motor; 67, second fixed rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment: As Figure 1-8 shown, the present invention provides a crack monitoring device for bridge and tunnel structures, including a frame plate 1. A moving seat 12 is provided on the upper surface of the frame plate 1. A mounting sleeve 13 is provided on the side of the moving seat 12 away from the frame plate 1. A crack monitor 2 is detachably installed inside the mounting sleeve 13. An disassembly and assembly mechanism 3 for disassembling and assembling the crack monitor 2 is provided inside the mounting sleeve 13. A swing monitoring mechanism 4 is provided on the surfaces of the frame plate 1 and the moving seat 12. A moving monitoring mechanism 6 is provided on the surface of the frame plate 1.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, after the crack monitor 2 is placed inside the mounting sleeve 13, by setting the disassembly and assembly mechanism 3, the disassembly and assembly mechanism 3 facilitates the fixed installation of the crack monitor 2 and is also convenient for subsequent disassembly. By setting the swing monitoring mechanism 4, the swing monitoring mechanism 4 facilitates the swing of the crack monitor 2, thereby realizing the crack monitoring operation on the lower surface of the bridge. By setting the moving monitoring mechanism 6, the moving monitoring mechanism 6 facilitates the horizontal movement of the crack monitor 2, thereby realizing the all-round crack monitoring operation on the lower surface of the bridge.

[0024] Evenly distributed suspension bars 11 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the frame plate 1. One end of the suspension bar 11 is fixedly connected to a mounting part 111.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, by setting the suspension bars 11 and the mounting parts 111, it is convenient for the staff to fix the frame plate 1 on the lower surface of the bridge.

[0026] The disassembly and assembly mechanism 3 includes two semi-circular clamping plates 31. The two semi-circular clamping plates 31 are in movable contact with the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 13. Anti-slip pads 32 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the two semi-circular clamping plates 31. The inner walls of the two anti-slip pads 32 are in movable contact with the outer wall of the crack monitor 2. A first chute 33 is formed in the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 13. Two first sliders 34 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first chute 33. The upper surface of one first slider 34 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of one semi-circular clamping plate 31.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, after the crack monitor 2 is placed inside the mounting sleeve 13, by driving the two first sliders 34 to slide towards each other along the inner wall of the first chute 33, the two first sliders 34 cause the two semi-circular clamping plates 31 and the two anti-slip pads 32 to move towards each other. The two semi-circular clamping plates 31 clamp the crack monitor 2 inside the mounting sleeve 13 through the two anti-slip pads 32, thereby realizing the fixed installation of the crack monitor 2.

[0028] A double-headed screw 35 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the mounting sleeve 13. The double-headed screw 35 passes through the first chute 33 and is in threaded rotational connection with the two first sliders 34. A handle 36 is fixedly installed at one end of the double-headed screw 35.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, by rotating the handle 36, the handle 36 causes the double-headed screw 35 to rotate, and the double-headed screw 35 drives the two first sliders 34 to slide towards each other or away from each other along the inner wall of the first chute 33.

[0030] The swing monitoring mechanism 4 includes a fixed ring 41. Two first fixed rods 42 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed ring 41. The ends of the two first fixed rods 42 away from the fixed ring 41 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving seat 12. A through groove 43 is formed in the outer wall of the fixed ring 41. A rotating shaft 44 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the through groove 43. A swing plate 45 is provided inside the through groove 43. The swing plate 45 passes through the rotating shaft 44 and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 44. One end of the swing plate 45 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting sleeve 13. An arc-shaped block 46 is fixedly installed at the end of the swing plate 45 away from the mounting sleeve 13. An arc-shaped groove 47 is formed on the surface of the arc-shaped block 46 away from the swing plate 45.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, by driving the swing plate 45 to swing reciprocally around the axis of the rotating shaft 44, the swing plate 45 causes the crack monitor 2 to swing synchronously through the mounting sleeve 13.

[0032] A first rotating rod 48 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the moving seat 12. One end of the first rotating rod 48 away from the moving seat 12 penetrates through the fixed ring 41 and is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 41. A crank 49 is fixedly installed at one end of the first rotating rod 48 close to the fixed ring 41. A convex rod 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the crank 49 away from the first rotating rod 48. One end of the convex rod 5 away from the crank 49 is in movable contact with the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 47.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, by rotating the first rotating rod 48, the first rotating rod 48 makes the convex rod 5 rotate around the axis of the first rotating rod 48 through the crank 49. The convex rod 5 makes the arc-shaped block 46 and the swing plate 45 reciprocally swing around the axis of the rotating shaft 44 through the arc-shaped groove 47.

[0034] A second rotating rod 51 is rotatably installed on one side of the moving seat 12. One end of the second rotating rod 51 and one end of the first rotating rod 48 close to the moving seat 12 are both fixedly installed with bevel gears 52. The two bevel gears 52 are meshed with each other. A transmission gear 53 is fixedly installed at one end of the second rotating rod 51 away from the bevel gear 52. A toothed plate 54 is fixedly installed on the surface of the frame plate 1 close to the moving seat 12. The toothed plate 54 is meshed and connected with the transmission gear 53.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, when the moving seat 12 moves horizontally, the moving seat 12 makes the transmission gear 53 move synchronously through the second rotating rod 51. The toothed plate 54 drives the transmission gear 53 to rotate. The transmission gear 53 makes the second rotating rod 51 rotate. The second rotating rod 51 makes the first rotating rod 48 rotate through the two meshed bevel gears 52.

[0036] The moving monitoring mechanism 6 includes two lead screws 61. One end of the two lead screws 61 is rotatably connected to one side of the frame plate 1. Two second sliding grooves 62 are formed on the upper surface of the frame plate 1. The inner walls of the two second sliding grooves 62 are both slidably connected with second sliders 63. One lead screw 61 penetrates through one second sliding groove 62 and is in threaded rotation connection with one second slider 63. The upper surfaces of the two second sliders 63 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving seat 12. Synchronous wheels 64 are fixedly installed at one end of the two lead screws 61. A synchronous belt 65 is in transmission connection between the two synchronous wheels 64.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, by driving one lead screw 61 to rotate, one lead screw 61 makes the other lead screw 61 rotate synchronously and in the same direction through the two synchronous wheels 64 and the synchronous belt 65. The two lead screws 61 drive the two second sliders 63 to slide horizontally along the inner walls of the two second sliding grooves 62. The two second sliders 63 make the moving seat 12 move horizontally.

[0038] On one side of the frame plate 1, a servo motor 66 is fixedly installed. One end of the driving output end of the servo motor 66 is fixedly connected to one end of a lead screw 61. On the outer wall of the servo motor 66, a second fixing rod 67 is fixedly installed. The end of the second fixing rod 67 far from the servo motor 66 is fixedly connected to one side of the frame plate 1.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting the second fixing rod 67, the second fixing rod 67 supports and fixes the servo motor 66, improving the stability of the servo motor 66. By turning on the servo motor 66, the drive shaft of the servo motor 66 rotates a lead screw 61.

[0040] A method for monitoring cracks in a bridge-tunnel structure includes the following steps: S1. Installation of the crack monitor 2 The frame plate 1 is fixed on the lower surface of the bridge through the suspension bars 11 and the mounting parts 111, and the crack monitor 2 is placed in the mounting sleeve 13. Then, the two semi-circular clamping plates 31 and the two anti-slip pads 32 are driven to move towards each other, and the two semi-circular clamping plates 31 clamp the crack monitor 2 in the mounting sleeve 13 through the two anti-slip pads 32. S2. Monitoring of cracks on the lower surface of the bridge By driving the lead screw 61 to rotate, the lead screw 61 drives the second slider 63 to move horizontally. The second slider 63 makes the moving seat 12 move horizontally. The moving seat 12 makes the mounting sleeve 13 and the crack monitor 2 move horizontally synchronously. The horizontal movement of the crack monitor 2 monitors the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge. S3. Oscillation of the crack monitor 2 By driving the first rotating rod 48 to rotate, the first rotating rod 48 makes the convex rod 5 rotate around the axis of the first rotating rod 48 through the crank 49. The convex rod 5 makes the arc-shaped block 46 and the swing plate 45 reciprocally swing around the axis of the rotating shaft 44 through the arc-shaped groove 47. The swing plate 45 makes the crack monitor 2 reciprocally swing synchronously through the mounting sleeve 13. The reciprocal swing of the crack monitor 2 comprehensively monitors the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge.

[0041] Working principle: When it is necessary to monitor the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge, the staff first fix the four suspension bars 11 and the mounting parts 111 on the lower surface of the bridge through a ladder truck, and place the crack monitor 2 in the mounting sleeve 13. Then, turn the knob handle 36. The handle 36 makes the double-headed screw 35 rotate. While the double-headed screw 35 rotates, it makes the two first sliders 34 slide towards each other along the inner wall of the first chute 33. The two first sliders 34 make the two semi-circular clamping plates 31 and the two anti-slip pads 32 move towards each other until the inner walls of the two anti-slip pads 32 are in close contact with the outer wall of the crack monitor 2, and then stop turning the knob handle 36. Thus, the fixed installation of the crack monitor 2 is conveniently realized, and the convenience of installing the crack monitor 2 is effectively improved. At the same time, it is convenient for the subsequent staff to disassemble the crack monitor 2; Subsequently, by starting the servo motor 66, the drive shaft of the servo motor 66 makes a corresponding lead screw 61 rotate. One lead screw 61 makes the other lead screw 61 rotate synchronously in the same direction through two synchronous pulleys 64 and a synchronous belt 65. At this time, the two lead screws 61 drive the two second sliders 63 to slide horizontally along the inner walls of the two second chutes 62. The two second sliders 63 make the moving seat 12 move horizontally. At the same time, the mounting sleeve 13 and the crack monitor 2 move horizontally synchronously. The horizontal movement of the crack monitor 2 monitors the cracks on the lower surface of the bridge, thus conveniently realizing the crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge, and effectively improving the convenience of crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge; Meanwhile, as the moving seat 12 moves horizontally, the moving seat 12 makes the transmission gear 53 move synchronously through the second rotating rod 51. The toothed plate 54 drives the transmission gear 53 to rotate. The transmission gear 53 makes the second rotating rod 51 rotate. The second rotating rod 51 makes the first rotating rod 48 rotate through two meshing bevel gears 52. The first rotating rod 48 makes the convex rod 5 rotate around the axis of the first rotating rod 48 through the crank 49. The convex rod 5 makes the arc surface block 46 and the swing plate 45 swing reciprocally around the axis of the rotating shaft 44 through the arc surface groove 47. The swing plate 45 makes the crack monitor 2 swing reciprocally synchronously through the mounting sleeve 13. The reciprocal swing of the crack monitor 2 conducts a comprehensive crack monitoring on the lower surface of the bridge, thus conveniently realizing the comprehensive crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge, and effectively improving the effect of crack monitoring of the lower surface of the bridge.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A bridge and tunnel structure crack monitoring device, comprising a frame plate (1), characterized in that: A movable seat (12) is provided on the upper surface of the frame plate (1); a mounting sleeve (13) is provided on a side of the movable seat (12) away from the frame plate (1); a crack monitor (2) is detachably mounted inside the mounting sleeve (13); a disassembly mechanism (3) for disassembling and assembling the crack monitor (2) is provided inside the mounting sleeve (13); a swing monitoring mechanism (4) is provided on the surface of the frame plate (1) and the movable seat (12); and a mobile monitoring mechanism (6) is provided on the surface of the frame plate (1).

2. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Evenly distributed hanging rods (11) are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the frame plate (1), and one end of the hanging rod (11) is fixedly connected to a mounting piece (111).

3. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly mechanism (3) comprises two semicircular clamping plates (31), the two semicircular clamping plates (31) are in movable contact with the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (13), the inner walls of the two semicircular clamping plates (31) are fixedly mounted with anti-skid pads (32), the inner walls of the two anti-skid pads (32) are in movable contact with the outer wall of the crack monitor (2), the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (13) is provided with a first sliding groove (33), the inner wall of the first sliding groove (33) is slidably connected to two first sliders (34), and the upper surface of one of the first sliders (34) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of one of the semicircular clamping plates (31).

4. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A double-headed screw (35) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the mounting sleeve (13); the double-headed screw (35) passes through the first slide groove (33) and is threadably connected to the two first sliders (34); a handle (36) is fixedly mounted on one end of the double-headed screw (35).

5. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The swing monitoring mechanism (4) comprises a fixed ring (41), the outer wall of the fixed ring (41) is fixedly mounted with two first fixed rods (42), one end of the two first fixed rods (42) away from the fixed ring (41) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable seat (12), the outer wall of the fixed ring (41) is provided with a through groove (43), the inner wall of the through groove (43) is rotatably mounted with a rotating shaft (44), a swing plate (45) is provided inside the through groove (43), the swing plate (45) passes through the rotating shaft (44) and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (44), one end of the swing plate (45) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting sleeve (13), the end of the swing plate (45) away from the mounting sleeve (13) is fixedly mounted with an arc surface block (46), and a surface of the arc surface block (46) away from the swing plate (45) is provided with an arc surface groove (47).

6. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A first rotating rod (48) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the movable seat (12); an end of the first rotating rod (48) away from the movable seat (12) penetrates the fixed ring (41) and is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (41); an end of the first rotating rod (48) close to the fixed ring (41) is fixedly mounted with a crank (49); a surface of the crank (49) away from the first rotating rod (48) is fixedly mounted with a convex rod (5); an end of the convex rod (5) away from the crank (49) is in movably contact with the inner wall of the arc surface groove (47).

7. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A second rotating rod (51) is rotatably mounted on one side of the movable seat (12); a bevel gear (52) is fixedly mounted on one end of the second rotating rod (51) and on an end of the first rotating rod (48) close to the movable seat (12); the two bevel gears (52) are meshed with each other; a transmission gear (53) is fixedly mounted on an end of the second rotating rod (51) away from the bevel gear (52); a toothed plate (54) is fixedly mounted on one side of the frame plate (1) close to the movable seat (12); the toothed plate (54) and the transmission gear (53) are meshed and connected.

8. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile monitoring mechanism (6) comprises two lead screws (61), one end of the two lead screws (61) is rotatably connected to one side of the frame plate (1), the upper surface of the frame plate (1) is provided with two second slide grooves (62), the inner walls of the two second slide grooves (62) are slidably connected to second sliders (63), one lead screw (61) passes through a second slide groove (62) and is threadedly rotatably connected to a second slider (63), the upper surfaces of the two second sliders (63) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving seat (12), one end of the two lead screws (61) is fixedly mounted with a synchronous wheel (64), and a synchronous belt (65) is transmission-connected between the two synchronous wheels (64).

9. A bridge-tunnel structure crack monitoring device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A servo motor (66) is fixedly mounted on one side of the frame plate (1); a drive output end of the servo motor (66) is fixedly connected to one end of a lead screw (61); a second fixing rod (67) is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of the servo motor (66); an end of the second fixing rod (67) away from the servo motor (66) is fixedly connected to one side of the frame plate (1).

10. A method for monitoring cracks in a bridge and tunnel structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Installation of crack monitor (2) The frame plate (1) is fixed to the lower surface of the bridge through the hanging rod (11) and the mounting member (111), and the crack monitor (2) is placed in the mounting sleeve (13), and then the two semicircular clamping plates (31) and the two anti-skid pads (32) are driven to move towards each other, and the two semicircular clamping plates (31) clamp the crack monitor (2) in the mounting sleeve (13) through the two anti-skid pads (32); S2. Monitoring of cracks on the lower surface of bridges By driving the lead screw (61) to rotate, the lead screw (61) drives the second slider (63) to move horizontally, the second slider (63) causes the moving seat (12) to move horizontally, the moving seat (12) causes the mounting sleeve (13) and the crack monitor (2) to move horizontally synchronously, and the horizontal movement of the crack monitor (2) monitors cracks on the lower surface of the bridge; S3. Swinging of the crack monitor (2) By driving the first rotating rod (48) to rotate, the first rotating rod (48) causes the protruding rod (5) to rotate with the axis of the first rotating rod (48) as the center of the circle through the crank (49), and the protruding rod (5) causes the arc surface block (46) and the swing plate (45) to swing back and forth with the axis of the rotating shaft (44) as the center of the circle through the arc surface groove (47), and the swing plate (45) causes the crack monitor (2) to swing back and forth synchronously through the installation sleeve (13), and the reciprocating swing of the crack monitor (2) performs comprehensive crack monitoring on the lower surface of the bridge.

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