Tool and method for measuring jet flow uniformity of cooling ring of pintle type engine injector

Abstract

The invention discloses a pintle type engine injector cooling ring jet flow uniformity measuring tool and a pintle type engine injector cooling ring jet flow uniformity measuring method, and mainly solves the technical problem that when an existing testing device carries out jet flow uniformity testing on a cooling ring under large flow, a testing result has deviation. The measuring tool comprises a top cover, a large connecting ring and a small connecting ring. The top cover comprises a first outer ring, a second outer ring and a first inner ring which are coaxially arranged and mutually connected; a first annular protrusion is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the first outer ring, and 2N water inlet nozzles are installed on the outer wall in the circumferential direction. Axial gaps are reserved between the upper end face of the large connecting ring and the lower end face of the second outer ring and between the upper end face of the small connecting ring and the lower end face of the first inner ring and used for installing a cooling ring to be tested. After the to-be-tested cooling ring is installed, the first inner ring, the first annular protrusion, the first outer ring, the second outer ring and the to-be-tested cooling ring define a water inlet ring cavity, and the large connecting ring, the small connecting ring and the to-be-tested cooling ring form a water outlet ring cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a liquid flow measurement test of a pintle engine, and particularly to a measurement tooling and method for the jet uniformity of a coolant ring of a pintle engine injector. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a pintle engine, oxidant and fuel collide and atomize in the injector to form high-temperature gas, which then sprays out of the injector and enters the thrust chamber. At this time, if the high-temperature gas directly enters the thrust chamber, it is likely to ablate the thrust chamber due to its high temperature. To solve this problem, the prior art usually sets a coolant ring at the outlet of the injector, and N evenly distributed tangential holes (through holes at a certain angle with the central axis of the coolant ring) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the coolant ring, so that the coolant is evenly divided into N jets and sprayed out after passing through the coolant ring, thereby realizing the cooling of the thrust chamber. It can be seen that the uniformity of the flow division of each tangential hole on the coolant ring is crucial for the cooling of the thrust chamber. If the flow division is uneven, it is easy to cause the thrust chamber to be ablated due to local high temperature.

[0003] Before using the coolant ring, operators usually need to conduct a jet uniformity measurement test on it. For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN 110361182 A discloses a performance test device and method for a coolant jet equalizing part, which can realize the test of the flow division uniformity of the coolant jet equalizing part. However, the cavity height of the water inlet cavity of this test device is relatively small, only a dozen millimeters. It ensures the uniformity of the coolant inflow by welding a thin sheet-shaped retaining ring in the water inlet cavity. This method can meet the requirements of the liquid flow test for small-flow and small-size coolant rings, but for two types of coolant rings with inner and outer diameter sizes close to the original product and a 10-fold increase in flow rate, as well as those with simultaneous increases in size and flow rate, if this test device is used, there will be a large deviation in the test results. The reason for the above phenomenon is that since the water inlet nozzle is vertically arranged on the top cover in the vertical direction and the cavity height is small, when the water inlet flow rate increases, the thin sheet-shaped retaining ring arranged in the water inlet cavity cannot evenly divide the water flowing vertically through the water inlet nozzle, resulting in uneven water flow and water pressure reaching each tangential hole of the coolant ring, thus affecting the jet uniformity and ultimately the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that there are deviations in the test results when the existing test device conducts a jet uniformity test on the coolant ring under a large flow rate, and to provide a measurement tooling and method for the jet uniformity of a coolant ring of a pintle engine injector.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A measuring tool for the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring of a needle bolt type engine injector, which is characterized in that it includes a top cover, a large connecting ring and a small connecting ring;

[0007] The top cover includes a first inner ring, a first outer ring and a second outer ring coaxially arranged outside the first inner ring; at the upper end of the inner wall of the first outer ring, there is a first annular protrusion, and 2N water inlets are installed circumferentially on the outer wall, N≥1, and the 2N water inlets are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the axis; the upper end of the second outer ring is connected to the lower end of the first outer ring, and a first pressure measuring nozzle is installed on the outer wall of the second outer ring; the upper end of the first inner ring is connected to the first annular protrusion and is flush in height, and the lower end is flush with the lower end of the second outer ring;

[0008] The large connecting ring is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the second outer ring, the inner diameter of the large connecting ring is the same as the inner diameter of the second outer ring, and the outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the second outer ring; there is a second annular protrusion on the outer wall of the second outer ring, and the large connecting ring and the second annular protrusion are connected by fasteners;

[0009] The small connecting ring is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the first inner ring, the outer diameter of the small connecting ring is the same as the outer diameter of the first inner ring, and the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the first inner ring; there is a third annular protrusion on the inner wall of the first inner ring, and the small connecting ring and the third annular protrusion are connected by fasteners;

[0010] An axial gap is left between the upper end face of the large connecting ring and the lower end face of the second outer ring, and between the upper end face of the small connecting ring and the lower end face of the first inner ring for installing the cooling ring to be measured; when the cooling ring to be measured is installed, an inlet water ring cavity is formed between the first inner ring, the first annular protrusion, the first outer ring, the second outer ring and the cooling ring to be measured, and the water inlets and the first pressure measuring nozzle are respectively communicated with the inlet water ring cavity; an outlet water ring cavity is formed between the large connecting ring, the small connecting ring and the cooling ring to be measured, and the inlet water ring cavity and the outlet water ring cavity are communicated through the tangential holes of the cooling ring to be measured.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a flow equalizing plate horizontally arranged in the inlet water ring cavity and respectively connected to the inner wall of the second outer ring and the outer wall of the first inner ring. The flow equalizing plate divides the inlet water ring cavity into a first ring cavity and a second ring cavity, and the height of the first ring cavity is greater than the height of the second ring cavity; a plurality of flow equalizing holes are evenly distributed on the flow equalizing plate for communicating the first ring cavity and the second ring cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of the flow equalizing holes is the same as the number of the tangential holes on the cooling ring to be measured or an integer multiple of the number.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a back pressure measuring component;

[0014] The back pressure measuring component includes an upper cover, a second inner ring, a third outer ring and a lower cover; the upper cover is located at the lower ends of the large connecting ring and the small connecting ring and is respectively connected to the large connecting ring and the small connecting ring;

[0015] The third outer ring is coaxially arranged outside the second inner ring, and the upper ends of the second inner ring and the third outer ring are respectively connected to the upper cover, and the lower ends are respectively connected to the lower cover; an anti-pressure chamber is formed between the upper cover, the second inner ring, the third outer ring and the lower cover, and the anti-pressure chamber is communicated with the water outlet ring chamber;

[0016] A second pressure measuring nozzle is installed on the outer wall of the third outer ring, and a plurality of water outlet nozzles are installed at the bottom of the lower cover, and the second pressure measuring nozzle and each water outlet nozzle are respectively communicated with the anti-pressure chamber.

[0017] Further, sealing rings are respectively installed between the lower end faces of the second outer ring and the first inner ring and the upper surface of the cooling ring to be measured, between the upper end faces of the large connecting ring and the small connecting ring and the lower surface of the cooling ring to be measured, and between the contact surfaces of the upper cover and the large connecting ring and the small connecting ring.

[0018] Further, a fourth annular protrusion is provided along the axial direction on the outer edge of the upper end face of the large connecting ring, the inner wall of the fourth annular protrusion abuts against the outer wall of the second outer ring, and the outer wall is flush with the outer wall of the large connecting ring;

[0019] A fifth annular protrusion is provided along the axial direction on the inner edge of the upper end face of the small connecting ring, the outer wall of the fifth annular protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the first inner ring, and the inner wall is flush with the inner wall of the small connecting ring.

[0020] Further, two connecting ears are symmetrically arranged on the second annular protrusion.

[0021] At the same time, the present invention also provides a method for measuring the jet flow uniformity of a needle plug type engine injector cooling ring, including the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Assemble the above-mentioned measuring tool for the jet flow uniformity of the needle plug type engine injector cooling ring, and install the inner and outer end faces of the cooling ring to be measured in the axial gaps between the small connecting ring and the first inner ring and between the large connecting ring and the second outer ring respectively to form an integral part;

[0023] Step 2: Install the integral part on the test bench;

[0024] Step 3: Pass water through the water inlet nozzle into the water inlet ring chamber, and after the water reaches the upper surface of the cooling ring to be measured, it is sprayed downward through the tangential holes on the cooling ring to be measured;

[0025] Step 4: Adjust the water flow rate entering through the water inlet nozzle to a preset value, then measure the water pressure value reaching the cooling ring to be measured through the first pressure measuring nozzle. After the water pressure value is stable, observe the uniformity of the jet flow of each tangential hole, and finally collect and measure the water sprayed out of each tangential hole respectively, and the measurement of the jet flow uniformity of the needle plug type engine injector cooling ring can be realized.

[0026] Further, it also includes step 5 of measuring the backpressure flow resistance of the cooling ring to be measured, specifically as follows:

[0027] 5.1 Assemble the backpressure measurement assembly and install the backpressure measurement assembly at the lower end of the integral part described in step 2, so that the backpressure chamber is communicated with the water outlet ring chamber;

[0028] 5.2 Pass water through the water inlet nozzle into the water inlet ring chamber, then the water is sprayed into the water outlet ring chamber after passing through the flow equalizing holes on the flow equalizing plate and the tangential holes on the cooling ring to be measured, and then enters the backpressure chamber and flows out through the water outlet nozzle;

[0029] 5.3 Adjust the water flow rate entering through the water inlet nozzle, and then measure the outlet water pressure through the second pressure measurement nozzle. When both the water flow rate and the outlet water pressure meet the preset requirements, the backpressure flow resistance of the cooling ring to be measured can be calculated.

[0030] Further, in step 1, when installing the cooling ring to be measured, it is necessary to ensure that each tangential hole communicates with the water inlet ring chamber and the water outlet ring chamber, and the flow equalizing holes and the tangential holes are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. A measuring tool for the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring of a pintle engine injector provided by the present invention includes a top cover, a large connecting ring and a small connecting ring. Among them, the top cover includes a first outer ring, a second outer ring and a first inner ring arranged coaxially. 2N water inlet nozzles are installed on the outer wall of the first outer ring in the circumferential direction. The present invention installs the water inlet nozzles in a radial manner, which greatly reduces the inflow speed of the tooling and the impact force of the water flow on the cooling ring to be measured. After that, when the cooling ring to be measured is installed, an inlet water ring chamber is formed between the first inner ring, the first annular protrusion, the first outer ring, the second outer ring and the cooling ring to be measured, and an outlet water ring chamber is formed between the large connecting ring, the small connecting ring and the cooling ring to be measured, so as to realize the measurement of the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring to be measured, and at the same time avoid the influence of the water flow and the measuring tooling itself on the test results.

[0033] 2. A measuring tool for the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring of a pintle engine injector provided by the present invention further includes a flow equalizing plate in the water inlet ring chamber, and the flow equalizing plate is respectively connected to the inner wall of the second outer ring and the outer wall of the first inner ring, further ensuring the uniformity of the water flow reaching the surface of the cooling ring to be measured and improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0034] 3. A measuring tool for the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring of a pintle engine injector provided by the present invention further includes a backpressure measurement assembly, which realizes the accurate measurement of the backpressure flow resistance of the cooling ring to be measured.

[0035] 4. In the measuring tool for the cooling ring jet uniformity of the needle plug type engine injector provided by the present invention, sealing rings are respectively installed between the lower end surfaces of the second outer ring and the first inner ring and the upper surface of the cooling ring to be measured, between the upper end surfaces of the large connecting ring and the small connecting ring and the lower surface of the cooling ring to be measured, and between the upper cover and the contact surfaces of the large connecting ring and the small connecting ring, thereby improving the sealing performance of the measuring tool and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0036] 5. In the measuring tool for the cooling ring jet uniformity of the needle plug type engine injector provided by the present invention, two connecting ears are symmetrically arranged on the second annular protrusion, which is convenient for the quick installation of the overall measuring tool and improves the measurement efficiency.

[0037] 6. The measuring method for the cooling ring jet uniformity of the needle plug type engine injector provided by the present invention can not only measure the jet uniformity of the cooling ring to be measured, but also measure its backpressure flow resistance. At the same time, it is also applicable to the measurement of the jet uniformity of the cooling ring to be measured under different sizes and different flow rates, and has a wide application range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first outer ring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the second outer ring, the first inner ring and the flow equalizing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the connection structure of the second outer ring, the first inner ring and the flow equalizing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of installing the backpressure measurement component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the backpressure measurement component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0045] 1 - Top cover, 11 - First outer ring, 111 - First annular protrusion, 112 - Water inlet nozzle, 12 - Second outer ring, 121 - First pressure measuring nozzle, 122 - Second annular protrusion, 123 - Connecting ear, 13 - First inner ring, 131 - Third annular protrusion, 14 - First annular cavity, 15 - Second annular cavity, 2 - Large connecting ring, 21 - Fourth annular protrusion, 3 - Small connecting ring, 31 - Fifth annular protrusion, 4 - Cooling ring to be measured, 5 - Flow equalizing plate, 51 - Flow equalizing holes, 6 - Back pressure measuring assembly, 61 - Upper cover, 62 - Second inner ring, 63 - Third outer ring, 631 - Second pressure measuring nozzle, 64 - Lower cover, 641 - Water outlet nozzle. Detailed implementation mode

[0046] To make the objectives, advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that these implementation modes are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention, and the purpose is not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the terms "inner wall", "inner side", "inner end" refer to the side close to the central axis of the measuring tooling, and "outer wall", "outer side", "outer end", etc. refer to the side far from the central axis of the measuring tooling.

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a measuring tooling for the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring of a needle bolt type engine injector, including a top cover 1, a large connecting ring 2 and a small connecting ring 3.

[0048] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, the top cover 1 includes a first inner ring 13, a first outer ring 11 and a second outer ring 12 coaxially arranged outside the first inner ring 13. At the upper end of the inner wall of the first outer ring 11, there is a first annular protrusion 111, and 2N water inlet nozzles 112 are welded circumferentially on the outer wall, where N≥1, and the 2N water inlet nozzles 112 are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the axis. The water inlet nozzles 112 in this embodiment adopt a radial design method, which reduces the flow velocity and changes the direction of the inflow, thereby improving the uniformity of the inflow and eliminating the influence of the measuring tooling on the jet flow state of the cooling ring to be measured.

[0049] The upper end of the second outer ring 12 is welded to the lower end of the first outer ring 11, and a first pressure measuring nozzle 121 is installed on the outer wall of the second outer ring 12. The upper end of the first inner ring 13 is welded to the first annular protrusion 111 and they are flush in height, and the lower end is flush with the lower end of the second outer ring 12. To prevent welding deformation, after the first outer ring 11, the second outer ring 12 and the first inner ring 13 are welded into one body, the water inlet nozzles 112 are welded finally.

[0050] Combined with Figures 1 to 4As shown, the large connecting ring 2 is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the second outer ring 12. The inner diameter of the large connecting ring 2 is the same as that of the second outer ring 12, and the outer diameter is larger than that of the second outer ring 12. A second annular protrusion 122 is provided on the outer wall of the second outer ring 12; an outer edge of the upper end surface of the large connecting ring 2 is axially provided with a fourth annular protrusion 21. The inner wall of the fourth annular protrusion 21 abuts against the outer wall of the second outer ring 12, and the outer wall is flush with the outer wall of the large connecting ring 2. By sequentially passing fasteners through the large connecting ring 2, the fourth annular protrusion 21, and the second annular protrusion 122, the large connecting ring 2 and the second outer ring 12 can be axially connected. In this embodiment, two connecting ears 123 are symmetrically arranged on the second annular protrusion 122( Figure 4 as shown), which are used to integrally mount the measuring tooling on the test bench.

[0051] The small connecting ring 3 is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the first inner ring 13. The outer diameter of the small connecting ring 3 is the same as that of the first inner ring 13, and the inner diameter is smaller than that of the first inner ring 13. An inner edge of the upper end surface of the small connecting ring 3 is axially provided with a fifth annular protrusion 31. The outer wall of the fifth annular protrusion 31 abuts against the inner wall of the first inner ring 13, and the inner wall is flush with the inner wall of the small connecting ring 3. A third annular protrusion 131 is provided on the inner wall of the first inner ring 13. By sequentially passing fasteners through the small connecting ring 3, the fifth annular protrusion 31, and the third annular protrusion 131, the small connecting ring 3 and the first inner ring 13 can be axially connected.

[0052] An axial gap is left between the upper end surface of the large connecting ring 2 and the lower end surface of the second outer ring 12, and between the upper end surface of the small connecting ring 3 and the lower end surface of the first inner ring 13 for installing the cooling ring 4 to be measured.

[0053] To improve the sealing performance of the measuring tooling, in this embodiment, sealing rings are also installed between the lower end surfaces of the second outer ring 12 and the first inner ring 13 and the upper surface of the cooling ring 4 to be measured, and between the upper end surfaces of the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3 and the lower surface of the cooling ring 4 to be measured. Specifically, annular installation grooves are provided on the lower end surfaces of the second outer ring 12 and the first inner ring 13. At the same time, annular installation grooves are provided at corresponding positions on the upper end surfaces of the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3, and sealing rings of corresponding sizes are respectively installed in each annular installation groove. In addition, the sealing rings on the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling ring 4 to be measured need to be symmetrically arranged up and down to ensure that the cooling ring 4 to be measured does not deform during installation and testing.

[0054] After the cooling ring 4 to be measured is installed, a water inlet ring cavity is formed among the first inner ring 13, the first annular protrusion 111, the first outer ring 11, the second outer ring 12 and the cooling ring 4 to be measured. The water inlet nozzle 112 and the first pressure measuring nozzle 121 are respectively communicated with the water inlet ring cavity. An outlet water ring cavity is formed among the large connecting ring 2, the small connecting ring 3 and the cooling ring 4 to be measured, and the water inlet ring cavity and the outlet water ring cavity are communicated through the tangential holes of the cooling ring 4 to be measured. Water enters the water inlet ring cavity radially along the water inlet nozzle 112, and then is evenly sprayed into the outlet water ring cavity through the tangential holes of the cooling ring 4 to be measured.

[0055] This embodiment further includes a flow equalizing plate 5 horizontally arranged in the water inlet ring cavity and respectively connected to the inner wall of the second outer ring 12 and the outer wall of the first inner ring 13. The flow equalizing plate 5 is at the same height as the connecting ear 123. The flow equalizing plate 5 of this embodiment and the second outer ring 12 and the first inner ring 13 are of an integral structure. It is horizontally arranged in the water inlet ring cavity and divides the water inlet ring cavity into a first ring cavity 14 and a second ring cavity 15. The height of the first ring cavity 14 is greater than that of the second ring cavity 15. A plurality of flow equalizing holes 51 are uniformly distributed on the flow equalizing plate 5 for communicating the first ring cavity 14 and the second ring cavity 15. The design purpose of the first ring cavity 14 is to reduce the inflow speed of water and avoid directly impacting the cooling ring 4 to be measured when the water flow is too large, so as to cause damage to the cooling ring 4 to be measured. The design purpose of the second ring cavity 15 is to ensure that the water flows evenly into the tangential holes on the cooling ring 4 to be measured after passing through the flow equalizing plate 5, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result. The water inlet nozzle 112 is arranged at the upper part of the first ring cavity 14 to solve the problem that the connecting bolts of the top cover 1 with the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3 are too long. The first pressure measuring nozzle 121 is installed as close as possible to the upper part of the second ring cavity 15 to avoid the deformation of the annular sealing groove on the second outer ring 12 caused by the welding of the first pressure measuring nozzle 121. Generally, the first pressure measuring nozzle 121 is welded first, and then the annular sealing groove at the lower end of the second ring cavity 15 is finely processed to ensure the sealing effect.

[0056] In this embodiment, the integral design of the flow equalizing plate 5 with the second outer ring 12 and the first inner ring 13 avoids the problem of sealing surface deformation caused by welding a retaining ring in the prior art, thereby not only increasing the uniformity of the inflow, but also ensuring the stability of the inflow. The number of the flow equalizing holes 51 is generally the same as the number of the tangential holes on the cooling ring 4 to be measured or an integer multiple of the number of the tangential holes on the cooling ring 4 to be measured, further ensuring the uniformity of the diversion. In this embodiment, the number of the flow equalizing holes 51 is 36, and when the cooling ring 4 to be measured is installed, the 36 flow equalizing holes and the pitch circle of the product water inlet holes (i.e., the centers of the tangential holes of the cooling ring 4 to be measured) are placed in a staggered manner.

[0057] In this embodiment, the overall height of the water inlet annular cavity is higher than that of the existing measuring tooling (the water inlet annular cavity of the existing measuring tooling is only a dozen millimeters), which further ensures the uniformity and stability of the inflow, overcomes the defect that the uniformity measurement in the prior art needs to be completed twice, and improves the measurement accuracy and test efficiency. Specifically, the height of the first annular cavity 14 is increased relative to the existing test device. And the higher the first annular cavity 14 is, the more uniform the water flow entering the tangential holes of the cooling ring 4 to be measured is. However, it should not be too high at the same time, because if it is too high, the overall weight of the tooling will be too heavy, which is not conducive to installation and operation. The height of the second annular cavity 15 only needs to ensure that the first pressure measuring nozzle 121 can be welded, and it should not be too high. If the second annular cavity 15 is too high, the fastening bolts will be longer, which is not conducive to the overall installation.

[0058] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, this embodiment further includes a back pressure measurement assembly 6 for measuring the back pressure flow resistance of the cooling ring 4 to be measured. The back pressure measurement assembly 6 includes an upper cover 61, a second inner ring 62, a third outer ring 63 and a lower cover 64, thus solving the problem that the flow rate and back pressure are unstable during the back pressure flow resistance test when the flow rate increases by 10 times.

[0059] The upper cover 61 is located at the lower ends of the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3, and is respectively connected to the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3. The third outer ring 63 is coaxially arranged outside the second inner ring 62, and the upper ends of the second inner ring 62 and the third outer ring 63 are respectively connected to the upper cover 61, and the lower ends are respectively connected to the lower cover 64. An anti-pressure cavity is formed among the upper cover 61, the second inner ring 62, the third outer ring 63 and the lower cover 64, and the anti-pressure cavity is communicated with the water outlet annular cavity. The height and thickness of the anti-pressure cavity are determined according to the test flow rate and back pressure magnitude.

[0060] A second pressure measuring nozzle 631 is installed on the outer wall of the third outer ring 63, and a plurality of water outlet nozzles 641 are installed at the bottom of the lower cover 64. The second pressure measuring nozzle 631 and each water outlet nozzle 641 are respectively communicated with the anti-pressure cavity. The second pressure measuring nozzle 631 is used to measure the water outlet pressure of the cooling ring, and the water outlet nozzle 641 is used for timely discharging the water in the anti-pressure cavity. The water outlet nozzle 641 can be connected to a valve to realize the adjustment of the back pressure and flow rate.

[0061] Similarly, in order to improve the sealing performance of the measuring device, this embodiment also installs sealing rings between the contact surfaces of the upper cover 61 with the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3 respectively.

[0062] In this embodiment, the structures of the water inlet nozzle 112, the first pressure measuring nozzle 121, the second pressure measuring nozzle 631 and the water outlet nozzle 641 are the same.

[0063] The measuring tooling of this embodiment is applicable not only to the measurement of the jet uniformity of cooling rings with conventional dimensions at low flow rates, but also to the measurement of the jet uniformity of cooling rings with conventional dimensions at high flow rates, as well as the measurement of the jet uniformity of large-sized cooling rings at high and low flow rates. Moreover, the test results are more accurate and the backpressure flow resistance measurement data are more stable.

[0064] Through actual verification, the measuring tooling of this embodiment can be used for jet observation, uniformity measurement, and backpressure flow resistance tests of various types of cooling rings. The test effect is good, completely eliminating the influence of the water inlet nozzle of the tooling on the test results, thereby ensuring the test quality.

[0065] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for measuring the jet uniformity of a pintle engine injector cooling ring, including the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Assemble the measuring tooling for the jet uniformity of the pintle engine injector cooling ring described in this embodiment, and install the inner end face and the outer end face of the cooling ring 4 to be measured in the axial gaps between the small connecting ring 3 and the first inner ring 13 and between the large connecting ring 2 and the second outer ring 12 respectively to form an integral part.

[0067] During assembly, first place the sealing ring in the annular installation grooves on the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3, and then place the cooling ring 4 to be measured on the upper ends of the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3, so that the inner end face of the cooling ring 4 to be measured abuts against the inner wall of the fifth annular protrusion 31 on the small connecting ring 3, and the outer end face abuts against the inner wall of the fourth annular protrusion 21 on the large connecting ring 2 to prevent the cooling ring 4 to be measured from moving radially.

[0068] Next, install sealing rings in the annular installation grooves on the lower end faces of the second outer ring 12 and the first inner ring 13 respectively. At this time, the first outer ring 11, the second outer ring 12, and the first inner ring 13 (including the flow equalizing plate 5) have been connected into an integral top cover 1 through machining and welding. Then, place the top cover 1 above the cooling ring 4 to be measured, so that the outer wall of the second outer ring 12 abuts against the inner wall of the fourth annular protrusion 21, and the inner wall of the first inner ring 13 abuts against the outer wall of the fifth annular protrusion 31. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that each tangential hole is not blocked, that is, each tangential hole communicates with the water inlet ring cavity and the water outlet ring cavity respectively, and the flow equalizing holes 51 and the tangential holes are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0069] Finally, sequentially pass multiple bolts through the large connecting ring 2, the fourth annular protrusion 21, and the second annular protrusion 122 to axially connect the large connecting ring 2 and the second outer ring 12, and then sequentially pass multiple bolts through the small connecting ring 3, the fifth annular protrusion 31, and the third annular protrusion 131 to axially connect the small connecting ring 3 and the second inner ring 13 to form an integral part.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, through holes with the same quantity and diameter are respectively provided on the second annular protrusion 122 and the third annular protrusion 131, and threaded holes with the same quantity and diameter are respectively provided at corresponding positions on the large connecting ring 2, the fourth annular protrusion 21, the small connecting ring 3, and the fifth annular protrusion 31. By using bolts to pass through half of the through holes on the second annular protrusion 122 and the third annular protrusion 131, and half of the threaded holes at corresponding positions on the large connecting ring 2, the fourth annular protrusion 21, the small connecting ring 3, and the fifth annular protrusion 31, the top cover 1 can be installed as an integral part with the large connecting ring 2, the small connecting ring 3, and the cooling ring to be tested.

[0071] Step 2: Install the integral part on the test bench through the connecting ear 123.

[0072] Step 3: Pass water into the water inlet ring cavity through the water inlet nozzle 112, then the water sequentially passes through the flow equalizing holes 51 on the flow equalizing plate 5 and the tangential holes on the cooling ring 4 to be tested and then jets downward.

[0073] Step 4: Adjust the water flow rate entering through the water inlet nozzle 112 to a preset value, then measure the water pressure value reaching the cooling ring 4 to be tested through the first pressure measuring nozzle 121. After the water pressure value is stable, observe the uniformity of the jet flow of each tangential hole, and then collect and measure the water jetted out from each tangential hole respectively, so as to obtain a quantitative measurement value of the uniformity, and finally realize the measurement of the jet flow uniformity of the cooling ring of the pin bolt type engine injector.

[0074] Preferably, this embodiment further includes Step 5: Measure the back pressure flow resistance of the cooling ring 4 to be tested. The specific measurement method is as follows:

[0075] 5.1 Assemble the back pressure measurement assembly 6 and install the back pressure measurement assembly 6 at the lower end of the integral part in Step 2, so that the back pressure cavity is communicated with the water outlet ring cavity.

[0076] Specifically, in this embodiment, through holes with the same quantity and diameter are provided at corresponding positions of the upper cover 61, the large connecting ring 2, and the small connecting ring 3. By using bolts to pass through half of the through holes of the upper cover 61 and the other half of the threaded holes on the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3, the back pressure measurement assembly 6 can be fixedly connected with the large connecting ring 2 and the small connecting ring 3 as an integral body.

[0077] 5.2 Pass water into the water inlet ring cavity through the water inlet nozzle 112, then the water sequentially passes through the flow equalizing holes 51 on the flow equalizing plate 5 and the tangential holes on the cooling ring 4 to be tested and then jets to the water outlet ring cavity, then enters the back pressure cavity, and flows out through the water outlet nozzle 641.

[0078] 5.3 Adjust the water flow rate entering through the water inlet nozzle 112, and then measure the outlet water pressure through the second pressure measuring nozzle 631. When both the water flow rate and the outlet water pressure meet the preset requirements, the back pressure flow resistance of the cooling ring 4 to be tested can be calculated.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool, characterized by: It comprises a top cover (1), a large connecting ring (2) and a small connecting ring (3); The top cover (1) comprises a first inner ring (13), a first outer ring (11) and a second outer ring (12) coaxially arranged outside the first inner ring (13); a first annular protrusion (111) is provided at the upper end of the inner wall of the first outer ring (11), 2N water inlet nozzles (112) are circumferentially mounted on the outer wall, N≥1, and the 2N water inlet nozzles (112) are symmetrically arranged in pairs along the axis; the upper end of the second outer ring (12) is connected to the lower end of the first outer ring (11), and a first pressure measuring nozzle (121) is installed on the outer wall of the second outer ring (12); the upper end of the first inner ring (13) is connected to the first annular protrusion (111) and is flush with the height, and the lower end is flush with the lower end of the second outer ring (12); The large connecting ring (2) is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the second outer ring (12); the inner diameter of the large connecting ring (2) is consistent with the inner diameter of the second outer ring (12), and the outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the second outer ring (12); a second annular protrusion (122) is provided on the outer wall of the second outer ring (12); the large connecting ring (2) and the second annular protrusion (122) are connected by a fastener; The small connecting ring (3) is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the first inner ring (13); the outer diameter of the small connecting ring (3) is consistent with the outer diameter of the first inner ring (13), and the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the first inner ring (13); a third annular protrusion (131) is provided on the inner wall of the first inner ring (13); the small connecting ring (3) and the third annular protrusion (131) are connected by a fastener; An axial gap is left between the upper end face of the large connecting ring (2) and the lower end face of the second outer ring (12), and between the upper end face of the small connecting ring (3) and the lower end face of the first inner ring (13), for installing the cooling ring (4) to be tested; when the cooling ring (4) to be tested is installed, a water inlet ring cavity is formed between the first inner ring (13), the first annular protrusion (111), the first outer ring (11), the second outer ring (12) and the cooling ring (4) to be tested, and the water inlet nozzle (112) and the first pressure measuring nozzle (121) are respectively connected to the water inlet ring cavity; a water outlet ring cavity is formed between the large connecting ring (2), the small connecting ring (3) and the cooling ring (4) to be tested, and the water inlet ring cavity and the water outlet ring cavity are connected through a tangential hole of the cooling ring (4) to be tested.

2. The pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a flow balancing plate (5) horizontally arranged in the water inlet annular cavity and connected to the inner wall of the second outer ring (12) and the outer wall of the first inner ring (13) respectively, the flow balancing plate (5) divides the water inlet annular cavity into a first annular cavity (14) and a second annular cavity (15), and the height of the first annular cavity (14) is greater than the height of the second annular cavity (15); the flow balancing plate (5) is evenly distributed with a plurality of flow balancing holes (51) for connecting the first annular cavity (14) and the second annular cavity (15).

3. The pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the flow-balancing holes (51) is consistent with the number of the tangential holes on the cooling ring (4) to be tested, or is an integer multiple of the number.

4. The pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: Also included is a back pressure measurement component (6); The back pressure measurement assembly (6) comprises an upper cover (61), a second inner ring (62), a third outer ring (63) and a lower cover (64); the upper cover (61) is located at the lower end of the large connecting ring (2) and the small connecting ring (3), and is connected to the large connecting ring (2) and the small connecting ring (3) respectively; The third outer ring (63) is coaxially arranged outside the second inner ring (62), and the upper ends of the second inner ring (62) and the third outer ring (63) are respectively connected to the upper cover (61), and the lower ends are respectively connected to the lower cover (64); a back pressure cavity is formed between the upper cover (61), the second inner ring (62), the third outer ring (63) and the lower cover (64), and the back pressure cavity is communicated with the water outlet ring cavity; A second pressure measuring nozzle (631) is installed on the outer wall of the third outer ring (63), and a plurality of water outlet nozzles (641) are installed on the bottom of the lower cover (64), and the second pressure measuring nozzle (631) and each water outlet nozzle (641) are connected to the back pressure chamber.

5. The pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sealing rings are respectively installed between the lower end surfaces of the second outer ring (12) and the first inner ring (13) and the upper surface of the cooling ring (4) to be tested, between the upper end surfaces of the large connecting ring (2) and the small connecting ring (3) and the lower surface of the cooling ring (4) to be tested, and between the upper cover (61) and the contact surfaces of the large connecting ring (2) and the small connecting ring (3).

6. The pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fourth annular protrusion (21) is axially provided on the outer edge of the upper end surface of the large connecting ring (2); the inner wall of the fourth annular protrusion (21) abuts against the outer wall of the second outer ring (12), and the outer wall is flush with the outer wall of the large connecting ring (2); A fifth annular protrusion (31) is axially arranged on the inner edge of the upper end surface of the small connecting ring (3); the outer wall of the fifth annular protrusion (31) abuts against the inner wall of the first inner ring (13), and the inner wall is flush with the inner wall of the small connecting ring (3).

7. The pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two connecting ears (123) are symmetrically arranged on the second annular protrusion (122).

8. A method for measuring the uniformity of the jet of a pintle engine injector cooling ring, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, assemble the pintle engine injector cooling ring jet uniformity measurement tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and install the inner and outer end faces of the cooling ring (4) to be measured in the axial gap between the small connecting ring (3) and the first inner ring (13) and the axial gap between the large connecting ring (2) and the second outer ring (12) to form an integral part; Step 2: Install the whole part on the test bench; Step 3, water is passed into the water inlet ring cavity through the water inlet nozzle, and after the water reaches the upper surface of the cooling ring (4) to be tested, it is sprayed downward through the tangential holes on the cooling ring (4) to be tested; Step 4, adjust the water flow rate entering through the water inlet nozzle (112) to a preset value, and then measure the water pressure value reaching the cooling ring (4) to be tested through the first pressure measuring nozzle (121). After the water pressure value stabilizes, observe the uniformity of the jet from each tangential hole, and finally collect and measure the water sprayed from each tangential hole respectively, so as to realize the measurement of the uniformity of the jet of the cooling ring of the pintle engine injector.

9. The method for measuring the jet uniformity of the cooling ring of a pintle engine injector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises step 5 of measuring the reverse pressure flow resistance of the cooling ring (4) to be tested, specifically: 5.

1. Assemble the back pressure measurement assembly (6), and install the back pressure measurement assembly (6) at the lower end of the integral component in step 2, so that the back pressure chamber is connected with the water outlet annular chamber; 5.

2. Water is passed into the water inlet annular cavity through the water inlet nozzle (112), and the water is sprayed into the water outlet annular cavity through the flow balancing holes (51) on the flow balancing plate (5) and the tangential holes on the cooling ring to be tested (4) in sequence, and then enters the back pressure cavity and flows out through the water outlet nozzle (641); 5.

3. Adjust the water flow rate entering through the water inlet nozzle (112), and then measure the water outlet pressure through the second pressure measuring nozzle (631). When the water flow rate and the water outlet pressure meet the preset requirements, the back pressure flow resistance of the cooling ring (4) to be tested can be calculated.

10. The method for measuring the jet uniformity of the cooling ring of a pintle engine injector according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: In step 1, when installing the cooling ring (4) to be tested, it is necessary to ensure that each tangential hole is connected to the water inlet ring cavity and the water outlet ring cavity, and the flow-averaging hole (51) and the tangential hole are staggered.

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