Multi-curved-surface combined sound baffle

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-curved-surface sound baffle, which relates to the field of ocean engineering machinery and comprises a main body part and a special-shaped part, the main body part comprises a circular-arc-shaped plate and a circular-arc-shaped acoustic performance layer fixed on the inner wall of the circular-arc-shaped plate, and the circular-arc-shaped acoustic performance layer and the cylindrical transducer are attached and conformal; the special-shaped part comprises a special-shaped plate and a conical surface acoustic performance layer, a frame of a cylindrical surface structure is arranged in the middle of the special-shaped plate, the frame and an arc-shaped plate are matched in outline and detachably connected and fixed through a locking mechanism, the upper end and the lower end of the frame are connected with skirt edges of the conical surface structure, and the skirt edges are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the frame. And the conical surface acoustic performance layer is fixed on the inner wall of the skirt edge. The horizontal directivity of the transducer is adjusted by adopting the arc surface sound baffles, meanwhile, the vertical directivity of the transducer is adjusted by additionally arranging the conical surface sound baffles on the upper portion and the lower portion, parameters such as the arc surrounding angle, the conical surface height and the semi-apex angle of the baffles are flexibly adjusted and designed according to technical requirements, and the acoustic performance of the baffles is fully utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine construction machinery, and particularly relates to a multi-curved surface combined sound baffle, which is mainly applied to an overflow ring underwater acoustic transducer, a cylindrical underwater acoustic transducer or other underwater acoustic transducers with a mainly cylindrical structure. A sound baffle combining an arc surface and a conical surface is designed for it to adjust the horizontal directivity and vertical directivity of the transducer; at the same time, it is required that the sound baffle can be installed, disassembled and maintained separately. Background Art

[0002] At present, the baffle structures used to cooperate with overflow ring underwater acoustic transducers, cylindrical underwater acoustic transducers or other underwater acoustic transducers with a mainly cylindrical structure are single in form, and the relatively common one is planar. Because of its convenient processing and forming, it is applied more. There are also some combinations of baffles with ordinary shapes. These commonly used baffle structures and forms often have a common disadvantage: in order to improve the performance of the transducer, a large number of baffles need to be arranged, which is very limited in terms of arrangement and installation in a limited space.

[0003] Currently, the common transducers with a mainly cylindrical structure, such as overflow ring transducers and cylindrical transducers, have no directivity in the horizontal direction. However, in actual application situations, especially when it is used as a transmitting transducer, in order to obtain better performance, we often require the transducer to have a certain directivity in the horizontal direction. In some special cases, there are even certain requirements for its directivity in the vertical direction. Generally speaking, it is not difficult to solve this problem. Just reasonably set a planar sound baffle around the transducer. However, in some special use spaces, such as ship fairings and narrow water tanks, the baffle arrangement space is very limited. In such situations, it is particularly necessary to design an anti-sound baffle that is easy to disassemble and assemble, has the same size as the transducer, and can improve the horizontal and vertical directivities of the transducer at the same time.

[0004] Chinese Patent Document CN110580895B discloses a sound baffle combination for underwater detection equipment. In this invention, the baffle combination is used for sound absorption and insulation of underwater detection equipment. The arrangement method of the sound insulation baffle at the rear side in the horizontal direction is similar to that in this article. However, the baffle composition form is zigzag, and the relative distance from the equipment is far. While the sound baffle curve of the present invention is continuous, almost closely fits with the transducer, and there are also conical baffles connected to the upper and lower sides, with different structural forms.

[0005] Chinese Patent Document CN112929097B discloses an underwater low-frequency suspended sound source. In this invention, a reflector with an arc concave cavity is used for focusing and reflecting the sound signal of the transmitting transducer. The structure of this reflector is relatively large compared with the sound source, and the relative distance from the sound source is far, without considering the size of the overall equipment use space. The present invention is directed to overflow ring underwater acoustic transducers, cylindrical underwater acoustic transducers or other underwater acoustic transducers with a mainly cylindrical structure for limited space application scenarios.

[0006] Chinese Patent Document CN112282092A discloses a foam aluminum sound-reflecting cover. The invention designs a bow-shaped structure sound-reflecting cover for sound absorption and shock absorption. Its structural form is similar to the main structure of the baffle of the present invention. However, the most crucial point of the present invention is the addition of the design of a conical sound baffle, which is different from the former.

[0007] Currently, there are many patents and research literatures on sound baffles, but there is no sound baffle form with a structural form similar to that of this article. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to provide a multi-curved surface combined sound baffle, whose size is matched with the transducer, and can simultaneously adjust the horizontal and vertical directivities of the transducer in a limited space. At the same time, the structural baffle and the transducer are independent of each other and do not affect each other on the premise of meeting the functional requirements of the transducer, and can be installed, removed and repaired separately.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is completed through the following technical solutions: This multi-curved surface combined sound baffle is used to cooperate with the transducer. The sound baffle includes: a main body part and a special-shaped part, and the two are detachably connected through a locking mechanism;

[0010] The main body part includes an arc-shaped plate and an arc-shaped sound performance layer fixed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate; the height h1 of the arc-shaped sound performance layer is matched with the radiation surface height of the transducer, and the inner radius r of the arc-shaped sound performance layer is matched with the outer diameter of the transducer, so that the arc-shaped sound performance layer fits and conforms to the transducer;

[0011] The special-shaped part includes a special-shaped plate and a conical sound performance layer fixed on the inner walls of the skirt edges on both sides of the special-shaped plate. The middle of the special-shaped plate is a frame with a cylindrical surface structure. The upper and lower ends of the frame are connected with skirt edges. The skirt edges are of a conical surface structure and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the frame. The conical surface inclination of the skirt edges faces away from the transducer. The inner diameter of the frame is equal to and has the same contour as the outer diameter R of the main body part. The two are detachably connected and fixed through a locking mechanism. The upper and lower ends of the frame are connected with skirt edges. The skirt edges are of a conical surface structure. The conical surface inclination faces away from the transducer and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the frame. The conical sound performance layer is fixed on the inner wall of the skirt edge. The conical surface surrounding angle β of the skirt edge is equal to the arc surrounding angle α of the arc-shaped plate.

[0012] As a further technical solution, a number of connecting holes are evenly opened at corresponding positions on the arc-shaped plate and the frame. The locking mechanism includes a screw, a nut and a spring washer. The spring washer is sleeved on the screw. After the screw passes through the connecting holes on the arc-shaped plate and the frame, it is locked with a nut.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the transducer adopts an overflow ring transducer, a cylindrical transducer or other underwater acoustic transducers whose main structure is cylindrical.

[0014] As a further technical solution, both the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer and the conical surface acoustic performance layer adopt a sound-absorbing or sound-reflecting layer with an acoustic structure.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the arc-shaped plates and special-shaped plates are made of materials with certain strength and acoustic properties (such as titanium alloy, fiberglass, etc.).

[0016] As a further technical solution, the height H1 of the arc-shaped plate matches the height H2 of the frame.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the arc-shaped plate of the main part constitutes a cylindrical surface, and the skirts at the upper and lower ends of the special-shaped part constitute a conical surface. The curved surfaces between the cylindrical surface and the conical surface are continuous and have the same rotation axis, thereby realizing a multi-curved surface combination.

[0018] As a further technical solution, after the conical surface acoustic performance layer is fixed to the skirt, the outer end surface of each conical surface acoustic performance layer is flush with the outer end surface of the corresponding skirt.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the height H1 of the arc-shaped plate is greater than the height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer, the excess part can be opened for installation of the present invention, and the thickness t1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer is greater than the thickness T1 of the arc-shaped plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The main part is provided with arc-shaped plates and arc-shaped acoustic performance layers, which can closely cooperate with overflow ring hydroacoustic transducers, cylindrical hydroacoustic transducers or other hydroacoustic transducers with cylindrical main structures, occupying a small space and being able to play its role to the maximum in a limited space;

[0022] 2. The main body and the special-shaped part are detachably connected through a locking mechanism, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly;

[0023] 3. Only by adjusting the baffle structure size parameters can the transducer directivity technical requirements be met, which is efficient and convenient;

[0024] 4. The present invention can be installed with the transducer or independently installed on the platform. It cooperates closely with the transducer and is independent of each other, and can meet the requirements of installation, disassembly and maintenance.

[0025] 5. The special-shaped part cooperates with the main part to change the horizontal and vertical directivity of the transducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main body part in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the main body part in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view structural diagram of the main body part in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the special-shaped part in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a front view structural diagram of the special-shaped part in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a top view structural diagram of the special-shaped part in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 is Figure 6 A - A sectional view of

[0034] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the special-shaped plate in the present invention Figure 1 .

[0035] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the special-shaped plate in the present invention Figure 2 .

[0036] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic of the assembly of the present invention and the transducer Figure 1 .

[0037] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic of the assembly of the present invention and the transducer Figure 2 .

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical directivity change of the transducer under an anechoic baffle and a sound baffle.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal directivity change of the transducer under an anechoic baffle and a sound baffle.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals: Main body part 1, Special-shaped part 2, Screw 3, Nut 4, Spring washer 5, Circular arc plate 6, Circular arc sound performance layer 7, Special-shaped plate 8, Conical surface sound performance layer 9, Frame 10, Skirt 11, Connecting hole 12, Transducer 13. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0042] Embodiment: As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 14 figures, this multi-curved surface combined sound barrier includes a main body part 1, a special-shaped part 2, screws 3, nuts 4, spring washers 5, an arc-shaped plate 6, an arc-shaped sound performance layer 7, a special-shaped plate 8, a conical surface sound performance layer 9, a frame 10, a skirt 11 and connection holes 12. In this embodiment, it is described in conjunction with a transducer 13.

[0043] Refer to the attached Figure 1 figures, this multi-curved surface combined sound barrier is detachably connected by a main body part 1 and a special-shaped part 2 (through a locking mechanism). As shown in Figure 2 , 3 , 4, 11, 12, the main body part 1 includes an arc-shaped plate 6 and an arc-shaped sound performance layer 7. Among them, the arc-shaped sound performance layer 7 is fixed (which can be in ways such as vulcanization or bonding) on the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate 6. The inner diameter r of the main body part 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the transducer 13, and the height h1 of the arc-shaped sound performance layer 7 is equal to the height of the radiation surface of the transducer 13, so that the arc-shaped sound performance layer 7 fits and conforms to the transducer 13. The rest of the dimensions can be adjusted according to technical requirements.

[0044] Refer to the attached Figures 5 to 12 figures, the special-shaped part 2 includes a special-shaped plate 8 and a conical surface sound performance layer 9. The middle of the special-shaped plate 8 is a frame 10 with a cylindrical surface structure. The outer diameter R of the main body part 1 is equal to the inner diameter of the frame 10. The contours of the frame 10 and the arc-shaped plate 6 match each other, and the frame 10 and the arc-shaped plate 6 are detachably connected and fixed through a locking mechanism. Skirts 11 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the frame 10. The skirts 11 are of conical surface structure and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the frame 10. The conical surface sound performance layer 9 is fixed (which can be in ways such as vulcanization or bonding) on the inner wall of the skirt 11. The conical surface surrounding angle β of the skirt 11 is equal to the arc surrounding angle α of the arc-shaped plate 6. Preferably, after the conical surface sound performance layer 9 is fixed to the skirt 11, it is ensured that the end face on the outer side (i.e., the side away from the frame 10) of each conical surface sound performance layer 9 is flush with the outer end face of the corresponding skirt 11, as shown in Figure 5 figures.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , 5, 6, further, a number of connection holes 12 are evenly opened at corresponding positions on the arc-shaped plate 6 and the frame 10. The locking mechanism includes screws 3, nuts 4 and spring washers 5. The spring washers 5 are sleeved on the screws 3. After the screws 3 pass through the connection holes 12 on the arc-shaped plate 6 and the frame 10, they are locked with nuts 4 to realize the fixed connection of the arc-shaped plate 6 (main body part 1) and the frame 10 (special-shaped part 2).

[0046] Refer to the attachedFigure 3 , 4 , preferably, the height H1 of the arc-shaped plate 6 is greater than the height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7, and the excess part can be perforated for the installation of the present invention. The thickness t1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7 is greater than the thickness T1 of the arc-shaped plate 6. The height H1 of the arc-shaped plate 6 is equal to the height H2 of the frame 11.

[0047] Preferably, the transducer 13 is a transducer with a cylindrical shape such as an overflow ring transducer or a cylindrical transducer. Both the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7 and the conical surface acoustic performance layer 9 are sound-absorbing or sound-reflecting layers with an acoustic structure made of specific materials. The arc-shaped plate 6 and the special-shaped plate 8 are made of various materials with certain strength and acoustic performance (such as titanium alloy, fiberglass, etc.). The height H1 of the arc-shaped plate 6 is equal to the height H2 of the frame 10.

[0048] The working process of the present invention:

[0049] During assembly, first make the main body part 1, as Figure 3 , 4 shown. According to the structural dimensions of the transducer, the acoustic design parameters of the baffle, and the horizontal directivity requirements, determine the inner diameter r, outer diameter R, arc enclosing angle α of the main body part 1, the thickness t1 and height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7, and the thickness T1 and height H1 of the arc-shaped plate 6. Among them, the inner diameter r of the main body part 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the transducer structure, the height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7 is equal to the height of the transducer radiation surface, and the other dimensions can be adjusted according to technical requirements.

[0050] Then, make the special-shaped part 2. According to the index requirements of the transducer for vertical directivity, determine the structural parameters of the special-shaped part 2 (the parameters on any one side are the same, so the parameters involved later are all unilateral parameters), mainly the height h2 of the conical surface acoustic performance layer 9, the conical enclosing angle β, the conical half vertex angle γ, the thickness t2 of the conical surface acoustic performance layer 9, and the thickness T2 of the special-shaped plate (skirt 11). The middle arc part of the special-shaped plate (i.e., the frame 10) and the arc-shaped plate 6 of the main body part 1 adopt a fitting design, that is, the outer diameter R of the main body part is equal to the inner diameter of the middle part of the special-shaped metal plate (frame 10), and the conical enclosing angle β is equal to the arc enclosing angle α, and the other dimensions can be adjusted;

[0051] At the same time, considering factors such as the overall baffle structure size, processing cost, and the difficulty of processing the forming die, judge whether to perform appropriate equal-angle segmentation on the overall baffle;

[0052] Finally, assemble the main body part 1 and the special-shaped part 2 into one body through a locking mechanism (i.e., screws 3, nuts 4, and spring washers 5) according to the Figure 1 shown structure.

[0053] AsFigure 3 , 4 As shown in 4 , the main dimensions of the main body part and related descriptions are as follows:

[0054] (1) Inner diameter r of the main body part: That is, the inner radius of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7;

[0055] (2) Outer diameter R of the main body part: That is, the outer radius of the arc-shaped plate 6;

[0056] (3) Enclosing angle α of the arc of the main body part: This dimension determines the overall enclosing angle of the acoustic baffle of the present invention, and the design value is mainly determined according to the horizontal directivity requirements of the transducer;

[0057] (4) Height H1 of the arc-shaped plate: That is, the axial distance between the upper and lower ends of the arc-shaped plate 6;

[0058] (5) Height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer: That is, the axial distance between the upper and lower ends of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7. This value depends on the structural dimensions of the transducer it matches;

[0059] (6) Thickness t1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer: That is, the radial thickness of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer 7, and its value depends on the acoustic design of this layer;

[0060] (7) Thickness T1 of the arc-shaped plate: That is, the radial thickness of the arc-shaped plate 6. Its value depends on the acoustic design of the main body part and the requirements of structural strength.

[0061] As shown in Figure 6 , 7 , 8, the main dimensions of the special-shaped part and related descriptions are as follows:

[0062] (1) Enclosing angle β of the conical surface: This angle should be consistent with the enclosing angle α of the arc;

[0063] (2) Semi-apex angle γ of the conical surface: In the cross-section passing through the rotation axis, it is the angle between the skirt 11 and the rotation axis. This value depends on the vertical directivity requirements of the transducer;

[0064] (3) Height H2 of the special-shaped plate frame: That is, the axial distance between the two inner folded edges (frame 10) of the special-shaped plate, and this value is equal to the height H1 of the arc-shaped plate;

[0065] (4) Height H3 of the skirt of the special-shaped plate: That is, the axial height of the single-sided skirt 11, and this value depends on the vertical directivity requirements of the transducer;

[0066] (5) Height h2 of the conical surface acoustic performance layer: That is, the axial height of the conical surface acoustic performance layer 9;

[0067] (6) Thickness t2 of the conical surface acoustic performance layer: In the cross-section passing through the rotation axis, it is the thickness of the conical surface acoustic performance layer 9, and its value depends on the acoustic design of the special-shaped part;

[0068] (7) Thickness T2 of the profiled plate: The thickness of the profiled plate (skirt 11 and frame 10) is the same everywhere, and its value depends on the acoustic performance requirements and structural strength requirements of the profiled part.

[0069] In this embodiment, the transducer 13 adopts an overflow ring transducer. Figure 11 , 12 It can be seen that the sound baffle and the transducer are closely matched and the structural matching degree is extremely high. Figure 13 , 14 Under the effect of the sound baffle of the present invention, the horizontal and vertical directivities of the overflow ring transducer are changed, and the changes are quite obvious.

[0070] The multi-curved surface combined sound baffle designed in this patent is mainly suitable for underwater acoustic transducers with overflow rings, cylinders or other cylindrical main structures. Different from the common plane shape, the characteristic of this sound baffle is that the main body adopts arc surface sound baffle to adjust the horizontal directivity of the transducer, and conical surface sound baffles are added above and below to adjust the vertical directivity of the transducer. The overall structure of the baffle matches the cylindrical structure of the transducer. The parameters such as the arc enveloping angle, cone surface height and half apex angle of the designed baffle can be flexibly adjusted according to technical requirements to make full use of the acoustic performance of the baffle. The sound baffle has a special structure and cleverly combines two curved surface shapes. The whole is independent of the transducer and is easy to install and disassemble. It can make full use of limited space and improve the horizontal and vertical directivity of the transducer.

[0071] It is understandable that, for those skilled in the art, any equivalent replacement or change to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-curved combined sound baffle, used in conjunction with a transducer (13), characterized in that: include: The main body part (1) and the special-shaped part (2) are detachably connected via a locking mechanism; The main body (1) comprises an arc-shaped plate (6) and an arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7) fixed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped plate (6); The special-shaped part (2) comprises a special-shaped plate (8) and a conical acoustic performance layer (9) fixed on the inner wall of the skirt (11) on both sides of the special-shaped plate (8); the middle of the special-shaped plate (8) is a frame (10) with a cylindrical structure; the upper and lower ends of the frame (10) are connected to the skirt (11); the skirt (11) is a conical structure and is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the frame (10); the conical surface of the skirt (11) is inclined away from the transducer (13).

2. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connection holes (12) are evenly arranged at corresponding positions on the arc-shaped plate (6) and the frame (10); the locking mechanism comprises a screw (3), a nut (4) and a spring washer (5); the spring washer (5) is sleeved on the screw (3); the screw (3) passes through the connection holes (12) on the arc-shaped plate (6) and the frame (10) and is locked with the nut (4).

3. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transducer (13) is an overflow ring transducer or a cylindrical transducer.

4. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7) and the conical surface acoustic performance layer (9) both adopt sound absorbing or sound reflecting layers with acoustic structures.

5. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped plate (6) and the special-shaped plate (8) are made of titanium alloy or glass fiber reinforced plastic.

6. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped plate (6) of the main body (1) forms a cylindrical surface, and the skirts (11) at the upper and lower ends of the special-shaped part (2) form conical surfaces. The curved surfaces between the cylindrical surface and the conical surface are continuous and have the same rotation axis, thereby realizing a multi-curved surface combination.

7. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the conical surface acoustic performance layer (9) and the skirt (12) are fixed, the outer end surface of each conical surface acoustic performance layer (9) is flush with the outer end surface of the corresponding skirt (12).

8. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7) matches the height of the radiation surface of the transducer (13), and the inner radius r of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7) matches the outer diameter of the transducer (13), so that the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7) and the transducer (13) are conformally fitted.

9. The multi-curved combined sound baffle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height H1 of the arc-shaped plate (6) is greater than the height h1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7), and the thickness t1 of the arc-shaped acoustic performance layer (7) is greater than the thickness T1 of the arc-shaped plate (6).

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