A method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores

Abstract

This invention describes a method for separating molybdenum, copper, and sulfur from polymetallic ores, relating to the field of mineral processing technology. The specific steps are as follows: S1: After crushing, the ore enters a ball mill, and diesel and No. 2 oil are added to the cyclone overflow ore before entering the roughing stage; S2: The cyclone overflow ore enters a roughing flotation cell, and the roughing tailings enter a roughing flotation cell for a second roughing stage; S3: The roughing tailings from step S2 enter a scavenging stage; S4: The roughing froth from step S2 and the roughing froth from step S2 are combined and enter a pre-concentration stage; S5: The scavenging tailings from step S4 are thickened in a thickening tank and used as raw ore pulp for copper selection; S6: The large tailings from the molybdenum selection process in step S3 are used as raw ore for sulfur selection. The overall process of this invention is simple and efficient, with low reagent consumption, low cost, and reduced pollutant emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, and in particular to a method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores. Background Art

[0002] Molybdenum, copper, and sulfur are important industrial raw materials, widely used in industries such as metallurgy and electronics. In these ores, molybdenum often occurs as molybdenite, copper as chalcopyrite, and sulfur as pyrite. These minerals are closely intertwined, with varying particle sizes, and some minerals exhibiting similar floatability, making efficient separation difficult with traditional separation processes. Early, simple flotation processes resulted in poor molybdenum, copper, and sulfur recoveries and concentrate grades. For example, when separating molybdenum and copper, due to their similar floatability, molybdenum concentrates were prone to excessive copper content, while copper concentrates were prone to molybdenum loss. Pyrite separation was also prone to over-floating or over-suppression.

[0003] Nowadays, mineral resources are depleting, but the demand for high-quality concentrate is growing. Although there are improved processes, such as the invention patent of a three-product molybdenum ore beneficiation process with publication number CN108580056A, 1000g / t, 500g / t, and 500g / t of gangue inhibitor water glass are added to the rapid flotation operation, rough flotation operation, and primary concentration operation of the copper mixed flotation operation respectively, as well as large doses of collector kerosene and foaming agent 2# oil. The entire process is complicated, the reagent consumption is large, the cost is high, and it pollutes the environment. ; In addition, the above-mentioned disclosed patent is for the separation of ores with a molybdenum grade of 0.1% in the original ore, which is a relatively high grade. As resource mining has entered a critical stage, many mining companies are faced with the problems of low grade and difficult separation. Therefore, the above-mentioned patent has low general applicability and cannot guarantee the effect in extreme situations and lower grades. Therefore, the research and development of a separation method that can take into account the characteristics of molybdenum, copper, sulfur and polymetallic ores and achieve low energy consumption, high recovery rate and high-grade concentrate output under extreme conditions such as low-grade original ores is very critical to the sustainable development of the mineral processing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores, so as to solve the problem that in the existing process, the three minerals of molybdenum, copper and sulfur are often closely coexisting, the embedded particle size is uneven, and some minerals have similar floatability, making it difficult for traditional separation processes to achieve their efficient separation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0006] A method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: After crushing, the ore enters the ball mill. The crushed ore particle size is required to have a screening rate of ≥93% at 10mm. The ore after ball milling is required to have a concentration of 38-46% and a fineness of 57-63%. Diesel and No. 2 oil are added to the cyclone overflow ore before entering the roughing stage.

[0008] S2: The cyclone overflow ore enters the coarse flotation machine for the first roughing; the coarse tailings enter the coarse flotation machine for the second roughing; the foam of the coarse flotation machine and the coarse flotation machine is scraped and the coarse foam and the coarse foam are combined into a pump pool and concentrated into the pre-cleaning stage; the coarse tailings enter the scavenging stage;

[0009] S3: The coarse second tailings in step S2 enter the scavenging stage, which includes scavenging one, scavenging two, and scavenging three. The foams in the three scavenging stages are all returned to the coarse first flotation machine. The scavenging three tailings eventually become large tailings, which are used as the raw ore for sulfur selection.

[0010] S4: The coarse first foam and the coarse second foam in step S2 are concentrated into the pre-concentration link. After the pulp is sorted by the pre-concentration flotation machine, its foam becomes pre-fine foam and enters the first-stage regrinding machine for regrinding. The fineness is <0.075mm, accounting for 85%. After classification by the cyclone, the qualified overflow enters the first-stage refinement flotation column for the first concentrating. The refinement foam enters the second-stage regrinding for classification. The fineness of the second-stage regrinding is <0.074mm, accounting for 95%. After classification, the qualified products enter the second-stage refinement flotation column, and the second-stage refinement foam enters the third-stage refinement flotation column. The third-stage refinement foam is the molybdenum concentrate product; the second-stage refinement tailings and the third-stage refinement tailings are respectively returned to the previous-stage flotation column for re-selection;

[0011] The tailings of the first concentrate are sequentially subjected to the fine sweeping and selection stages, namely, the first fine sweeping flotation column, the first fine sweeping, the second fine sweeping, and the third fine sweeping. The foam of the four sweeping stages is returned to the previous stage for reselection. The fine sweeping tailings eventually become the fine sweeping tailings and are used as the raw ore for copper selection.

[0012] S5: The fine sweep tailings in step S4 are thickened in a thickening tank and used as raw ore pulp for copper selection. Xanthate is added to a mixing tank to adjust the raw ore pulp, and then a roughing is performed. The roughing foam enters the concentrating link, and the concentrate from each concentrating is concentrating in the next link. After five concentrating, copper concentrate is obtained. The roughing tailings are subjected to three scavengings. The tailings from each scavenging are sequentially subjected to the next scavenging. The concentrates from each scavenging link are returned to the previous scavenging link for re-selection; after three scavengings, the tailings are discarded;

[0013] S6: The large tailings from the molybdenum selection process in step S3 are used as sulfur selection ore for flotation, and the large tailings are pre-treated for slurry separation. The slurry is divided into two streams and flows into two processes consisting of roughing, two sweeping processes, one sweeping process, one sweeping process, and one concentrating process. The direction is that the roughing tailings flow into sweeping process, the roughing concentrate and sweeping process concentrate flow into concentrate process, the concentrate process concentrate becomes sulfur concentrate, the concentrate process tailings return to the sweeping process for re-selection, the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process, the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process, the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process, and the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process. The tailings of sweeping process two and sweeping process three flow into the initial slurry separation pool.

[0014] Specifically, the processes of the roughing and sweeping stages in S2 and S3 are both two parallel series.

[0015] More specifically, the amount of diesel used in the roughing step of S2 is 40 g / t of diesel added to the entire molybdenum selection process, and the amount of 2# oil used is 50% of the entire molybdenum selection process, with an addition standard of 10 g / t.

[0016] More specifically, in the scavenging step of S3, diesel is added to series one sweep, series two sweep, series one sweep, series three sweep, and series two sweep; 2# oil is added to series one sweep, series two sweep, series three sweep, and series two sweep; the diesel addition standard in the scavenging step is 40g / t, and the 2# oil addition standard is 10g / t.

[0017] Specifically, in the S4, diesel is added to the first, second and third refining processes, with an addition standard of 20g / t; 2# oil is added to the third refining process, with an addition standard of 5g / t; sodium thioglycolate is added to the first, second, third and second refining processes to suppress copper impurities; water glass is added to the first and third refining processes, with a rated total dosage of 200g / t, and the ratio of first refining to second refining is 3:2.

[0018] More specifically, the sodium thioglycolate addition standard is 100-140 g / t in summer and 40-100 g / t in winter.

[0019] Specifically, the amount of xanthate added during the roughing in S5 is 0.5 g / t.

[0020] Specifically, the copper tailings in S5 are discharged into a tailings thickening pool after tungsten selection, and are pumped to a tailings dam by a plunger pump after thickening.

[0021] Specifically, in the S6 sulfur production process, 30 g / t of collector xanthate is used, and the xanthate is any one of ethyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, isobutyl xanthate, sec-octyl xanthate, and isopentyl xanthate; 10 g / t of copper sulfate is used, and 7 g / t of 2# oil is used.

[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] The separation method of the present invention optimizes the parallel process system in the molybdenum separation process, and more strictly controls the grinding particle size distribution while ensuring the full dissociation of molybdenum minerals by accurately regulating process parameters such as slurry concentration and ore fineness; adopts a closed-circuit classification system composed of a ball mill cyclone to avoid over-crushing, further improve the flotation recovery rate and grade of molybdenum, and reduce the grinding cost; optimizes the reagent system through orthogonal experiments and on-site debugging, accurately determines the ratio, addition point and sequence of each reagent, and further enhances the separation of low-grade molybdenum ores on the basis of reducing the amount of reagents used. Collection effect; after molybdenum selection, the process of using fine sweeping tailings and large tailings for copper and sulfur selection is optimized. By optimizing the operating process and supporting reagent system, the multi-metal recovery rate and mineral grade can be further improved while achieving multi-metal recovery; when the tailings after copper selection are used for tungsten selection, graded multi-metal recovery can be achieved while reducing the tailings volume and tailings treatment difficulty, and reducing pollutant emissions; the overall process optimizes equipment layout and operation connection, reduces invalid waiting time, reduces energy consumption, and achieves lower reagent consumption and cost control while ensuring high recovery rate and high-grade concentrate output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram of selecting molybdenum in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of selecting copper in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of selecting sulfur in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, a molybdenum mine with a molybdenum ore grade of 0.06%, a copper grade of 0.012% in the molybdenum ore, a sulfur grade of 0.6% in the tailings, and a copper grade of 0.07% in the fine tailings is taken as an example.

[0029] Combined with attachment Figure 1-3 The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores shown in the figure has the following specific steps:

[0030] S1: After crushing, the ore enters the ball mill. The crushed ore particle size is required to have a screening rate of ≥93% at 10mm. The ore after grinding in the ball mill is required to have a concentration of 38-46% and a fineness of 57-63%. Diesel and No. 2 oil are added to the cyclone overflow ore before entering the roughing stage.

[0031] S2: The cyclone overflow ore enters the first coarse flotation cell for the first roughing; the first coarse tailings enter the second coarse flotation cell for the second roughing; the foam of the first and second coarse flotation cells is scraped off and collected into a pump pool for the pre-cleaning stage; the second coarse tailings enter the scavenging stage; the roughing and scavenging stages are both operated in two parallel series;

[0032] The amount of diesel used in the roughing stage is 40g / t, and the diesel addition standard in the entire molybdenum selection process is 50% of the 2# oil in the entire molybdenum selection process, and the addition standard is 10g / t.

[0033] S3: The coarse second tailings in step S2 enter the scavenging stage, which includes scavenging one, scavenging two, and scavenging three. The foams in the three scavenging stages are all returned to the coarse first flotation machine. The scavenging three tailings eventually become large tailings, which are used as the raw ore for sulfur selection.

[0034] In the scavenging process, diesel is added to series one sweep, series two sweep, series one sweep, series three sweep, and series two sweep; 2# oil is added to series one sweep, series two sweep, series three sweep, and series two sweep; the diesel addition standard in the scavenging process is 40g / t, and the 2# oil addition standard is 10g / t.

[0035] S4: The coarse first foam and the coarse second foam in step S2 are concentrated into the pre-concentration link. After the pulp is sorted by the pre-concentration flotation machine, its foam becomes pre-fine foam and enters the first-stage regrinding machine for regrinding. The fineness is <0.075mm, accounting for 85%. After classification by the cyclone, the qualified overflow enters the first-stage flotation column for the first concentrating. The first-stage foam enters the second-stage regrinding for classification. The second-stage regrinding fineness is <0.074mm, accounting for 95%. After classification, the qualified products enter the second-stage flotation column, and the second-stage foam enters the third-stage flotation column. The third-stage foam is molybdenum concentrate product with a molybdenum concentrate grade of 50.2% and a recovery rate of 80.2%. The second-stage tailings and the third-stage tailings are returned to the previous-stage flotation column for re-selection.

[0036] The tailings of the first concentrate are sequentially subjected to the fine sweeping and selection stages, namely, the first fine sweeping flotation column, the first fine sweeping, the second fine sweeping, and the third fine sweeping. The foam of the four sweeping stages is returned to the previous stage for reselection. The fine sweeping tailings eventually become the fine sweeping tailings and are used as the raw ore for copper selection.

[0037] Preferably, diesel is added in the first, second and third refinery processes at a standard of 20 g / t; No. 2 oil is added in the third refinery at a standard of 5 g / t; sodium thioglycolate is added in the first, second, third and second refinery processes to suppress copper impurities; water glass is added in the first and third refineries at a rated total dosage of 200 g / t, with the ratio of first refinery to second refinery being 3:2;

[0038] More preferably, the sodium thioglycolate addition standard is 100-140 g / t in summer and 40-100 g / t in winter.

[0039] S5: The fine sweep tailings in step S4 are thickened in a thickening tank and used as the raw ore pulp for copper selection. After 0.5g / t of xanthate is added to the stirring barrel to adjust the raw ore pulp, a roughing is carried out, and the roughing foam enters the selection link. The concentrate from each selection is selected for the next selection link. After five selections, copper concentrate is obtained, and the copper grade of 18.3% is obtained by selection; the roughing tailings are scavenged three times, and the tailings from each scavenging are sequentially scavenged for the next selection. The concentrates from each scavenging link are returned to the previous scavenging link for re-selection; after three scavengings, the copper tailings are discharged into the tailings thickening tank after tungsten selection, and are pumped to the tailings dam by a plunger pump after thickening.

[0040] S6: The large tailings from the molybdenum selection process in step S3 are used as sulfur selection ore for flotation, and the large tailings are pre-treated by slurry separation. The slurry is divided into two streams and flows into two processes consisting of roughing, two scavenging processes, one scavenging process, one scavenging process, and one concentrating process. The direction is that the roughing tailings flow into scavenging process, the roughing concentrate and scavenging process concentrate flow into concentrating process, and the concentrating process concentrate becomes sulfur concentrate with a grade of 45% and a recovery rate of 40%. The concentrating process concentrate returns to the scavenging process for re-selection, the scavenging process tailings flow into scavenging process, the scavenging process tailings flow into scavenging process, and the scavenging process tailings flow into scavenging process. The tailings of scavenging process and scavenging process flow into the initial slurry separation tank.

[0041] In the sulfur selection production process, 30 g / t of the collector xanthate is used, and the xanthate is any one of ethyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, isobutyl xanthate, sec-octyl xanthate, and isopentyl xanthate; the amount of copper sulfate used is 10 g / t, and the amount of 2# oil used is 7 g / t.

[0042] The parts not described in detail in this invention are prior art.

[0043] The embodiments selected herein for the purpose of disclosing the invention are presently considered suitable, but it should be understood that the invention is intended to include all variations and modifications of the embodiments that fall within the scope of the concept and invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores, characterized in that: The specific steps are: S1: After crushing, the ore enters the ball mill. The crushed ore particle size is required to have a screening rate of ≥93% at 10mm. The ore after ball milling is required to have a concentration of 38-46% and a fineness of 57-63%. Diesel and No. 2 oil are added to the cyclone overflow ore before entering the roughing stage. S2: The cyclone overflow ore enters the coarse flotation machine for the first roughing; the coarse tailings enter the coarse flotation machine for the second roughing; the foam of the coarse flotation machine and the coarse flotation machine is scraped and the coarse foam and the coarse foam are combined into a pump pool and concentrated into the pre-cleaning stage; the coarse tailings enter the scavenging stage; S3: The coarse second tailings in step S2 enter the scavenging stage, which includes scavenging one, scavenging two, and scavenging three. The foams in the three scavenging stages are all returned to the coarse first flotation machine. The scavenging three tailings eventually become large tailings, which are used as the raw ore for sulfur selection. S4: The coarse first foam and the coarse second foam in step S2 are concentrated into the pre-concentration link. After the pulp is sorted by the pre-concentration flotation machine, its foam becomes pre-fine foam and enters the first-stage regrinding machine for regrinding. The fineness is <0.075mm, accounting for 85%. After classification by the cyclone, the qualified overflow enters the first-stage refinement flotation column for the first concentrating. The refinement foam enters the second-stage regrinding for classification. The fineness of the second-stage regrinding is <0.074mm, accounting for 95%. After classification, the qualified products enter the second-stage refinement flotation column, and the second-stage refinement foam enters the third-stage refinement flotation column. The third-stage refinement foam is the molybdenum concentrate product; the second-stage refinement tailings and the third-stage refinement tailings are respectively returned to the previous-stage flotation column for re-selection; The tailings of the first concentrate are sequentially subjected to the fine sweeping and selection stages, namely, the first fine sweeping flotation column, the first fine sweeping, the second fine sweeping, and the third fine sweeping. The foam of the four sweeping stages is returned to the previous stage for reselection. The fine sweeping tailings eventually become the fine sweeping tailings and are used as the raw ore for copper selection. S5: The fine sweep tailings in step S4 are thickened in a thickening tank and used as raw ore pulp for copper selection. After the raw ore pulp is slurried by adding xanthate in a mixing tank, a roughing process is carried out. The roughing foam enters the concentrating process. The concentrate from each concentrating process is carried out for the next concentrating process. After five concentrating processes, copper concentrate is obtained. The roughing tailings are subjected to three scavenging processes. The tailings from each scavenging process are sequentially subjected to the next scavenging process. The concentrates from each scavenging process are returned to the previous scavenging process for re-selection. After three scavenging processes, the tailings are discarded. S6: The large tailings from the molybdenum selection process in step S3 are used as sulfur selection ore for flotation, and the large tailings are pre-treated for slurry separation. The slurry is divided into two streams and flows into two processes consisting of roughing, two sweeping processes, one sweeping process, one sweeping process, and one concentrating process. The direction is that the roughing tailings flow into sweeping process, the roughing concentrate and sweeping process concentrate flow into concentrate process, the concentrate process concentrate becomes sulfur concentrate, the concentrate process tailings return to the sweeping process for re-selection, the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process, the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process, the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process, and the sweeping process tailings flow into sweeping process. The tailings of sweeping process two and sweeping process three flow into the initial slurry separation pool.

2. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processes of the roughing and sweeping stages in S2 and S3 are both two parallel series.

3. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 2, wherein: The amount of diesel used in the roughing stage of S2 is 40g / t of diesel added in the entire molybdenum selection process, and the amount of 2# oil used is 50% of the entire molybdenum selection process, and the addition standard is 10g / t.

4. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 2, wherein: In the scavenging process of S3, diesel is added to series one sweep, series two sweep, series one sweep, series three sweep, and series two sweep; 2# oil is added to series one sweep, series two sweep, series three sweep, and series two sweep; the diesel addition standard in the scavenging process is 40g / t, and the 2# oil addition standard is 10g / t.

5. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 1, wherein: In the S4, diesel is added in the first, second and third refining processes, with an addition standard of 20g / t; 2# oil is added in the third refining process, with an addition standard of 5g / t; sodium thioglycolate is added in the first, second, third and second refining processes to suppress copper impurities; water glass is added in the first and third refining processes, with a rated total dosage of 200g / t, and the ratio of first refining to second refining is 3:

2.

6. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 5, characterized in that: The addition standard of sodium thioglycolate is 100-140 g / t in summer and 40-100 g / t in winter.

7. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 1, wherein: The amount of xanthate added during the roughing in S5 is 0.5 g / t.

8. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 1, wherein: The copper tailings in S5 are discharged into the tailings thickening pool after tungsten selection, and are pumped to the tailings dam by a plunger pump after thickening.

9. The method for separating molybdenum, copper and sulfur from polymetallic ores according to claim 1, wherein: In the S6 sulfur production process, 30 g / t of collector xanthate is used, and the xanthate is any one of ethyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, isobutyl xanthate, sec-octyl xanthate, and isopentyl xanthate; 10 g / t of copper sulfate is used, and 7 g / t of 2# oil is used.

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