Horizontal screwing machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to a screwing machine. The makeup and breakout machine comprises a makeup and breakout mechanism with an upward opening; the spinning mechanism is coaxially and movably arranged relative to the punching mechanism, and an opening of the spinning mechanism faces upwards. The device can be matched with a hoisting mechanism of the drilling tool, so that the to-be-connected drilling tool can be conveniently moved into the screwing machine, and the overall connection speed of the drilling tool is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oil drilling, and particularly relates to a thread fastening machine. Background Art

[0002] A thread fastening machine is a special machine widely used in oil fields and industrial enterprises to screw on and off the threaded connectors of oil casing pipes and other downhole tools, and can achieve the purpose of screwing on and off with minimal damage and no indentation to the downhole tools.

[0003] Traditional thread fastening machines generally consist of a main tong, a back tong (which holds the pipe body stationary to form a back force), and a connecting chassis for the main tong and the back tong. The connection between the chassis and the main tong is a bolt connection, and the main tong does not move left or right axially on the chassis. The connection between the chassis and the back tong is a roller sliding connection, which is used to adjust the change in the size of screwing on and off the pipe thread. The openings of the main tong and the back tong of traditional thread fastening machines are both set on the side. After the screwing-on operation, it is very troublesome to lift the downhole tool with a traveling crane. For relatively long downhole tools, multiple workers are required to cooperate. First, the downhole tool is lifted to the side openings of the main tong and the back tong, and then it enters the main tong and the back tong through the side openings. The hoisting process of the downhole tool is rather cumbersome and has poor safety.

[0004] At the drilling site, the bottom drill string is usually lifted and moved to the drill floor, and a B-type tong or a hydraulic pneumatic tong is used to complete the assembly of the bottom drill string. The on-site operation efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high.

[0005] Therefore, based on the above problems, the present invention provides a horizontal thread fastening machine, which can simplify the transportation difficulty of hoisting downhole tools and greatly improve the work efficiency and operation safety of on-site bottom drill string assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a horizontal thread fastening machine used at the drilling site, which can automatically and conveniently transport short joints such as screw rods and screw stabilizers into the thread fastening machine for assembly, thereby improving the efficiency of on-site bottom drill string assembly.

[0007] According to the present invention, there is provided a thread fastening machine, comprising:

[0008] A punching mechanism with an upward opening; and

[0009] A spinning mechanism arranged coaxially and movably relative to the punching mechanism, the opening of the spinning mechanism facing upward.

[0010] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the punching mechanism comprises a main tong and a back tong arranged coaxially and rotatably.

[0011] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the punching and buckling mechanism further includes a torque oil cylinder and a fixed base. The back-up tongs are fixed on the fixed base. One end of the torque oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed base, and the other end of the torque oil cylinder is hinged to the master tongs.

[0012] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, at least two support rollers are rotatably arranged on the fixed base, and the circumferential surface of the support rollers is in contact with the circumferential surface of the master tongs.

[0013] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, a roller rod is arranged on the fixed base. The support rollers are movably arranged on the roller rod, and a roller spring is arranged on the roller rod. Both ends of the roller spring respectively abut against the fixed base and the support rollers.

[0014] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the screwing mechanism includes a main body, an opening and closing mechanism arranged on the main body, and a torque roller arranged on the opening and closing mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism is configured to enable the torque roller to contact the pipe to be connected after being closed, so as to transmit torque to the pipe to be connected.

[0015] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism includes:

[0016] Two first connecting rods symmetrically hinged to the main body, and a second connecting rod is hinged to each first connecting rod;

[0017] The second connecting rod is movably connected to the main body, and the torque roller is arranged on the second connecting rod;

[0018] An opening and closing oil cylinder hinged to the two first connecting rods.

[0019] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the screwing mechanism further includes a moving base, and the main body is movably connected to the moving base.

[0020] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the main body is hinged to the moving base, and a compensation spring is arranged between the main body and the moving base.

[0021] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the threading machine further includes a plurality of support mechanisms for supporting the pipe to be connected. The support mechanism includes a bracket and a roller rotatably arranged on the bracket. The diameter of the middle part of the roller is smaller than the diameters of both ends.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are as follows.

[0023] The openings of the buckle punching mechanism and the rotary buckle mechanism of the present invention are both set to face upward, and the drill pipes to be connected can be directly lifted from top to bottom into the pipe threading machine by means of hoisting.

[0024] The torque roller of the rotary buckle mechanism can transmit torque to the drill pipes to be connected. The rotary buckle mechanism clamps the drill pipe and pairs it with the drill pipe clamped by the back-up tongs, driving the drill pipe to be connected to rotate, so as to realize the make-up of the drill pipes. The rotary buckle mechanism includes a main body and a moving base which are movably connected. During the rotation of the drill pipe, the main body can move relative to the moving base, so as to play a role of motion compensation for the drill pipe and prevent the threads between the drill pipes from being connected smoothly.

[0025] The main tongs and the back-up tongs of the buckle punching mechanism can clamp two drill pipes respectively. By rotating the main tongs 60° relative to the back-up tongs multiple times, the tight connection between the two drill pipes can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pipe threading machine according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the buckle punching mechanism according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the rotary buckle mechanism according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the support mechanism according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Shows a side view schematic diagram of the pipe threading machine according to the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. General base;

[0033] 2. Buckle punching mechanism; 21. Main tongs; 22. Back-up tongs; 23. Fixed base; 24. Torque oil cylinder; 241. Connecting ear; 25. Support roller; 26. Roller rod; 27. Roller spring; 28. Clamping oil cylinder; 29. Anti-tipping assembly; 291. Wear-resistant block;

[0034] 3. Rotary buckle mechanism; 31. Main body;

[0035] 32. Opening and closing mechanism; 321. First connecting rod; 322. Opening and closing oil cylinder; 323. Second connecting rod; 324. Sliding shaft; 325. Slotted hole; 326. First hinge point; 327. Second hinge point; 328. Third hinge point;

[0036] 33. Torque roller; 34. Moving base; 35. Compensation spring;

[0037] 4. Support mechanism; 41. Bracket; 42. Roller;

[0038] 91. First pipe to be connected; 92. Second pipe to be connected;

[0039] 100. Make-up machine.

[0040] In this application, all the drawings are schematic drawings, only used to illustrate the principle of the present invention and are not drawn to actual scale. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The present invention will be introduced below with reference to the drawings.

[0042] It should be noted that the directional terms or qualifiers such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. used in this application are all with respect to the referenced drawings. They do not limit the absolute positions of the components involved, but can vary according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Figure 1 Shows the structure of the make-up machine 100 according to the present invention. As Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the make-up machine 100 includes a punching mechanism 2 and a spinning mechanism 3 arranged coaxially. The punching mechanism 2 and the spinning mechanism 3 are both arranged with the openings facing upwards, and the spinning mechanism 3 is arranged to be axially movable relative to the punching mechanism 2. In the field of oil and gas drilling technology, it is necessary to connect single drill pipes to form a drill string. Conventional make-up machines adopt a structure with two sets of hydraulic cylinders symmetrically clamped, and the openings are arranged on the side. Therefore, the drill pipes to be connected need to enter and exit the tong body from the side, resulting in a relatively large tong body for conventional make-up machines to clamp tools of the same caliber, a long moving distance of the drill pipes, and a large overall floor area. In order to save floor space and adapt to the lifting mode at the drilling site, the present invention designs an up-opening make-up machine 100. Using the make-up machine 100 provided by the present invention, it is possible to utilize the existing operating tools for lifting drill pipes to directly lift the drill pipes to be connected into the make-up machine 100 from top to bottom, saving the time for feeding the drill pipes into the make-up machine 100, thereby accelerating the efficiency of connecting the bottom drill pipes.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the make-up machine 100 includes a general base 1. The general base 1 is integrally arranged to be generally rectangular in shape. The punching mechanism 2 and the spinning mechanism 3 are both arranged on the general base 1. Among them, the punching mechanism 2 is fixedly arranged on the general base 1, and the central axis of the punching mechanism 2 is parallel to the length direction of the general base 1. The spinning mechanism 3 is movably arranged along the length direction of the general base 1 on the general base 1, and the central axis of the spinning mechanism 3 coincides with the central axis of the punching mechanism 2.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the impact and clamping mechanism 2 includes a main clamp 21 and a back clamp 22 which are coaxially rotatably arranged. The overall shapes of the main clamp 21 and the back clamp 22 are generally circular with openings, and the openings of the main clamp and the back clamp 22 both face upward. Both the main clamp 21 and the back clamp 22 include three clamping oil cylinders 28 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the telescopic directions of the three clamping oil cylinders 28 all point to the center of the main clamp 21 and / or the back clamp 22. Specifically, one of the clamping oil cylinders 28 is arranged vertically at the lower part of the main clamp 21 or the back clamp 22, and the other two clamping oil cylinders 28 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower clamping oil cylinder 28 at an angle of 120°. With this arrangement, on the one hand, during the working process, the three clamping oil cylinders 28 extend simultaneously, capable of clamping the drill pipe to be connected. On the other hand, it can provide space for the opening arranged at the top.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the impact and clamping mechanism 2 further includes a torque oil cylinder 24 and a fixed base 23. The fixed base 23 is fixedly arranged on the main base 1. The main clamp 21 and the back clamp 22 are coaxially arranged side by side above the fixed base 23, and the main clamp 21 and the back clamp 22 can rotate relative to each other. The width of the fixed base 23 is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the main clamp 21 and the back clamp 22.

[0047] One of the main clamp 21 and the back clamp 22 is fixedly arranged on the fixed base 23, and the other is rotatably arranged on the fixed base 23. In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the lower part of the back clamp 22 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 23. The main clamp 21 is coaxially arranged side by side and rotatably on the side of the back clamp 22, and the main clamp 21 is connected to the fixed base 23 through two torque oil cylinders 24. Specifically, the two torque oil cylinders 24 are symmetrically distributed left and right. One end of the torque oil cylinder 24 is hinged to the connecting ear 241 on the side of the fixed base 23, and the other end of the torque oil cylinder 24 is hinged to the main clamp 21. The two torque oil cylinders 24 cooperate with each other. One extends and the other contracts, capable of driving the main clamp 21 to rotate relative to the back clamp 22. With this arrangement, on the one hand, it can be used to fasten two drill pipes. On the other hand, when it is necessary to disassemble the drill pipe, the drill pipe can be unfastened by reversing.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the telescoping of the torque oil cylinder 24 can make the main clamp 21 rotate relative to the back clamp 22 by ±30°, realizing the unfastening and fastening actions.

[0049] According to the present invention, the back clamp 22 is arranged on the side of the main clamp 21 away from the make-up and break-out mechanism 3. That is to say, from Figure 1 and Figure 5 view, the make-up and break-out mechanism 3, the main clamp 21, and the back clamp 22 are sequentially arranged on the main base 1 from left to right. As Figure 1As shown, during operation, the make-up mechanism 3 drives the second pipe to be connected 92 to rotate. The back-up tong 22 of the upsetting mechanism 2 clamps the left end of the first pipe to be connected 91. After the make-up mechanism 3 drives the second pipe to be connected 92 to be connected to the first pipe to be connected 91 by threads, the right end of the second pipe to be connected 92 is located within the main tong 21 of the upsetting mechanism 2. At this time, the main tong 21 clamps the right end of the second pipe to be connected 92, and the two torque cylinders 24 cooperate with each other to drive the main tong 21 to rotate relative to the back-up tong 22, thereby making the connection between the second pipe to be connected 92 and the first pipe to be connected 91 tighter.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, at least two support rollers 25 are rotatably provided on the fixed base 23, and the circumferential surface of the support roller 25 contacts the circumferential surface of the main tong 21.

[0051] Further, two roller rods 26 are provided on the fixed base 23. Specifically, the two roller rods 26 are symmetrically arranged on the inner sides of the two connecting lugs 241 of the fixed base 23. Support rollers 25 are movably provided on both of the two roller rods 26, that is, the support rollers 25 can move along the axial direction of the roller rods 26. The distance between the two support rollers 25 is less than the outer diameter of the main tong 21. A roller spring 27 is sleeved on the roller rod 26, and the two ends of the roller spring 27 respectively abut against the fixed base 23 and the support roller 25. With this arrangement, the support rollers 25 can support the main tong 21.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, an anti-tipping assembly 29 is provided on the main tong 21 and the back-up tong 22. The anti-tipping assembly 29 is configured to be approximately U-shaped, including two side surfaces and a bottom surface. One side surface of the anti-tipping assembly 29 is fixedly connected to the back-up tong 22, and the other side surface is in sliding contact with the side surface of the main tong 21, thereby preventing the main tong 21 from tipping relative to the back-up tong 22.

[0053] Preferably, a wear-resistant block 291 is fixedly provided on the surface of the anti-tipping assembly 29 that contacts the main tong 21.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the make-up mechanism 3 includes a main body 31, an opening and closing mechanism 32 provided on the main body 31, and a torque roller 33 provided on the opening and closing mechanism 32. The opening and closing mechanism 32 is configured such that after closing, the torque roller 33 can contact the pipe to be connected, thereby transmitting torque to the pipe to be connected.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the opening and closing mechanism 32 includes two first connecting rods 321, two second connecting rods 323, and an opening and closing cylinder 322.

[0056] As Figure 3As shown, two first linkages 321 are symmetrically arranged on the main body 31 in a hinged manner. The connection points of the first linkages 321 and the main body 31 are second hinge points 327. Both ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder 322 are hinged to the two first linkages 321 respectively. The connection points of the opening and closing oil cylinder 322 and the first linkages 321 are third hinge points 328, and the third hinge points 328 are located below the second hinge points 327. The second linkages 323 are hinged to the first linkages 321. The connection points of the second linkages 323 and the first linkages 321 are first hinge points 326, and the first hinge points 326 are located above the second hinge points 327.

[0057] The lower ends of the second linkages 323 are movably connected to the main body 31. Specifically, sliding shafts 324 are arranged at the lower ends of the second linkages 323, and a slotted hole 325 is arranged horizontally on the main body 31. The sliding shafts 324 are movably arranged in the slotted hole 325. Two torque rollers 33 are arranged on each second linkage 323, and the two torque rollers 33 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first hinge point 326. Through this arrangement, the second linkages 323 can have a certain compensation amount during the process of clamping the drill tool, so that the present invention can be applicable to drill tools of different sizes.

[0058] During the working process, the second pipe to be connected 92 is placed between the two second linkages 323 and is located between the two torque rollers 33 of the second linkages 323. When the opening and closing oil cylinder 322 extends, it can drive the two second linkages 323 to approach each other through the two first linkages 321, so as to clamp the second pipe to be connected 92. A driving device (not shown) for driving the torque rollers 33 is arranged on the main body 31, and the driving device can drive the second pipe to be connected 92 to rotate through the torque rollers 33.

[0059] According to the present invention, the make-up mechanism 3 further includes a moving base 34. The main body 31 is movably connected to the moving base 34, and the moving base 34 is movably arranged on the total base 1 along the length direction of the total base 1. Further, the main body 31 is hinged to the moving base 34, and a compensation spring 35 is arranged between the main body 31 and the moving base 34. Under this arrangement, during the process of the make-up mechanism 3 clamping and rotating the second pipe to be connected 92, the part of the main body 31 that drives the second pipe to be connected 92 to rotate can move relative to the moving base 34, so as to realize the quick alignment and pre-make-up of the drill tools, avoid damaging the threads during the make-up process, and improve the make-up efficiency.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the middle lower end of the main body 31 is hinged to the moving base 34, and compensation springs 35 are arranged between the left and right end parts of the main body 31 and the moving base 34.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the hinge point of the main body 31 and the moving base 34 is lower than the height at which the compensation spring 35 is arranged.

[0062] According to the present invention, in a specific embodiment, the button screwing machine 100 further includes a plurality of support mechanisms 4 for supporting the pipes to be connected, as Figure 1 shown.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the support mechanism 4 includes a bracket 41 and a roller 42 rotatably arranged on the bracket 41. The diameter of the middle part of the roller 42 is smaller than that of the two end parts. The part with a smaller middle diameter of the roller 42 can better form the drill tool to be connected. The bracket 41 is arranged on the main base 1. The bracket 41 can be movably arranged on the main base 1 through a slide rail or the like, or can be fixedly arranged on the main base 1.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the bracket 41 is arranged to be height-adjustable. Specifically, the bracket 41 may include a telescopic cylinder or a mechanism capable of realizing height adjustment in the prior art.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the bracket 41 is movably arranged on the main base 1, that is to say, the bracket 41 can move along the length direction of the main base 1.

[0066] Taking the connection between the screw stabilizer and the drill collar as an example, the working process of the present invention will be described.

[0067] Combined with Figure 1 , hoist the screw stabilizer (the first pipe to be connected 91) to the center of the back-up tong 22. The back-up tong 22 clamps the clamping part of the screw stabilizer. After the support mechanism 4 on the right side of the back-up tong 22 supports the right part of the screw stabilizer, the lifting rope for hoisting the screw stabilizer leaves. Hoist the drill collar (the second pipe to be connected 92) to the support mechanism 4 on the left side of the threading mechanism 3 and level it. Adjust the lifting of the support mechanism 4 to make the drill collar horizontal and the center of the drill collar align with the center of the back-up tong 22. The threading mechanism 3 clamps the drill collar, and the threading mechanism 3 horizontally displaces to slowly butt the drill collar and the screw stabilizer, and then quickly screwing in. After completion, the threading mechanism 3 releases the drill collar. The main tong 21 clamps the drill collar, and then the torque cylinder 24 pushes the main tong 21 to rotate relative to the back-up tong 22 according to the set torque value to complete the tight screwing. After completion, the main tong 21 opens. Hoist the connected body of the drill collar and the screw stabilizer and continue to connect other drill tools according to the above steps.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "linked", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred implementation schemes of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing implementation schemes, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A button screwing machine, characterized in that, Comprising: A punching and buckling mechanism (2) with an upward opening; And A screwing mechanism (3) arranged coaxially and movably relative to the punching and buckling mechanism (2), the opening of the screwing mechanism (3) facing upward.

2. The button screwing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punching and buckling mechanism (2) includes a main clamp (21) and a back clamp (22) arranged to rotate coaxially.

3. The button screwing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The punching and buckling mechanism (2) further includes a torque oil cylinder (24) and a fixed base (23), the back clamp (22) is fixed on the fixed base (23), one end of the torque oil cylinder (24) is hinged to the fixed base (23), and the other end of the torque oil cylinder (24) is hinged to the main clamp (21).

4. The button screwing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least two support rollers (25) are rotatably arranged on the fixed base (23), and the circumferential surface of the support rollers (25) is in contact with the circumferential surface of the main clamp (21).

5. The button screwing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A roller rod (26) is arranged on the fixed base (23), the support rollers (25) are movably arranged on the roller rod (26), a roller spring (27) is arranged on the roller rod (26), and both ends of the roller spring (27) respectively abut against the fixed base (23) and the support rollers (25).

6. The button screwing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The screwing mechanism (3) includes a main body (31), a opening and closing mechanism (32) arranged on the main body (31), and a torque roller (33) arranged on the opening and closing mechanism (32), and the opening and closing mechanism (32) is configured to enable the torque roller (33) to contact the pipe to be connected after closing, so as to transmit torque to the pipe to be connected.

7. The button screwing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The opening and closing mechanism (32) includes: Two first connecting rods (321) symmetrically hinged on the main body (31), and a second connecting rod (323) is hinged on each first connecting rod (321); The second connecting rod (323) is movably connected to the main body (31), and the torque roller (33) is arranged on the second connecting rod (323); An opening and closing oil cylinder (322) hinged to the two first connecting rods (321).

8. The button screwing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The screwing mechanism (3) further includes a moving base (34), and the main body (31) is movably connected to the moving base (34).

9. The button screwing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main body (31) is hinged to the moving base (34), and a compensation spring (35) is arranged between the main body (31) and the moving base (34).

10. The button screwing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The screwing machine further includes a plurality of support mechanisms (4) for supporting the pipe to be connected, the support mechanism (4) includes a bracket (41) and a roller (42) rotatably arranged on the bracket (41), and the diameter of the middle part of the roller (42) is smaller than the diameters of both ends.

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