Detection device and detection method for deformation of underground tunnel

Abstract

The invention provides a detection device and method for underground tunnel deformation, and relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation detection.The detection device and method for underground tunnel deformation comprise a total station, mounting frames are mounted on the two sides of the total station, and first protection assemblies are mounted at the two ends of each mounting frame; a second protection assembly is mounted at the top of the mounting frame; the first protection assembly comprises two protection parts slidably mounted in the mounting frame, the two protection parts are symmetrically distributed, and the two protection parts are connected through a connecting plate; the first protection assembly and the second protection assembly are mounted on the mounting frame, and a connecting bolt of the second protection assembly is in threaded connection with a mounting sleeve of the first protection assembly, so that a user can conveniently mount and fix the mounting sleeve while mounting the protection top plate; furthermore, the protection piece provided with the elastic piece can be used for buffering the force generated when the total station topples over and is impacted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation detection, and in particular to a detection device and a detection method for underground tunnel deformation. Background Art

[0002] As a high-tech measuring instrument integrating optics, mechanics, and electronics, the total station is a widely used measuring tool in the surveying and mapping field and plays a key role in many fields such as topographic surveying, engineering construction, and deformation monitoring. It can accurately measure data such as angles, distances, and height differences, providing an accurate measurement basis for various projects.

[0003] However, during actual use, the total station faces many risks that may cause it to tip over and be damaged. Since measurement work is often carried out in complex field environments or construction sites, the ground conditions are complex and changeable, and there may be uneven or soft conditions, which makes it difficult for the tripod of the total station to stably support. With a little carelessness, the total station may tip over. In addition, in an operation area with frequent personnel movement, the surveyors or other staff may accidentally collide with the total station during walking, causing it to tip over. At the same time, in some environments with strong winds, the strong wind may also exert a large force on the total station, causing it to lose balance and tip over.

[0004] Once the total station tips over, the internal precision optical components may be damaged due to collision, resulting in problems such as optical path deviation and blurred imaging, affecting the accuracy and precision of measurement. The electronic components of the instrument may also be damaged due to impact, causing faults such as circuit short circuits and data loss. Repairing these damages not only requires a large amount of time and funds, but may also lead to the interruption of measurement work, seriously affecting the project progress. In summary, the existing total station has a risk of being damaged due to tipping over during use, bringing many inconveniences and losses to the measurement work. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a detection method for underground tunnel deformation, aiming to solve the problem that the detection device for underground tunnel deformation in the general technology may be tipped over and damaged due to collision.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: It includes a total station instrument. Installation frames are installed on both sides of the total station instrument. First protection components are installed at both ends of the installation frame, and a second protection component is installed on the top of the installation frame; the first protection component includes two protection members slidably installed inside the installation frame. The two protection members are symmetrically distributed and are connected by a connecting plate; the protection member includes an installation sleeve slidably installed inside the installation frame. Support rods are slidably installed at both ends of the installation sleeve. One end of the support rod away from the installation sleeve penetrates through the installation frame and extends to the outside of the installation frame. A protection strip is fixedly installed at the end of the support rod located outside. An elastic member is installed between the support rod and the installation sleeve.

[0007] The beneficial effects are as follows: By opening a first sliding groove on the installation frame to install the first protection component, setting a second sliding groove and a first threaded hole to install the second protection component, and the connecting bolt of the second protection component is threadedly connected to the installation sleeve of the first protection component, it can facilitate the user to install the installation sleeve while installing the protection top plate. Furthermore, the force when the total station instrument topples and is impacted can be buffered by the protection member equipped with an elastic member, and the top of the total station instrument can also be protected by the protection top plate to prevent loose stones on the top of the tunnel from damaging the total station instrument when measuring in the underground tunnel.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that first sliding grooves for installing the first protection component are opened at both ends of the installation frame, and a second sliding groove and a first threaded hole for installing the second protection component are opened on the top of the installation frame.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that two connecting pipes are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the installation frame. A first through groove is opened on the outer surface of the connecting pipe. The other ends of the two connecting pipes are fixedly installed with a connecting ring for connecting the total station instrument. Through holes communicating with the connecting pipes are also opened at both ends of the installation frame.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the connecting plate. The connecting rod passes through the through hole and is slidably installed inside the connecting pipe.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a pull ring is fixedly installed at one end of the outer surface of the connecting rod away from the connecting plate. The pull ring is slidably installed inside the first through groove.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a second through groove and a second threaded hole are opened on the outer surface of the installation sleeve. A limiting block is fixedly installed at one end of the outer surface of the support rod away from the protection strip. The limiting block is slidably installed inside the second through groove.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the second protection component includes a protection top plate, and connection bolts are installed at both ends of the bottom of the protection top plate. The connection bolts are threadedly installed inside the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, and an adjustment block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connection bolts.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a fixed plate is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the protection top plate, and a stop block is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed plate.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that one end of the connection bolt is fixedly installed with a mounting plate, a limit bolt is threadedly installed inside the mounting plate, and a mounting groove is opened at the bottom of the protection top plate. The mounting plate is slidably installed inside the mounting groove.

[0016] The beneficial effect is that by installing the limit bolt on the mounting frame, opening a mounting groove at the bottom of the protection top plate, and arranging a mounting plate slidably installed inside the mounting groove at the end of the connection bolt, it is convenient for users to remove the protection top plate when it affects the work of the total station instrument, achieving the purpose of convenient use.

[0017] A detection method for underground tunnel deformation includes the following steps: S1. Installation: Connect the first protection component and the second protection component to the total station instrument through a mounting frame; S2. Layout: Set a reference point at a stable position outside or inside the tunnel, and determine a known azimuth angle as the polar axis direction. Set monitoring points at the parts in the tunnel that need to be monitored; S3. Setup: Set up the total station instrument on the reference point. After centering and leveling, aim at the known direction to determine the polar axis; S4. Measurement: Then sequentially measure the horizontal angle and the inclined distance between each monitoring point and the total station instrument, and simultaneously measure the instrument height and the prism height; S5. Calculation: According to the measured horizontal angle, inclined distance, instrument height and prism height, use the polar coordinate calculation formula to calculate the plane coordinates and elevation of the monitoring points; S6. Obtain results: After measuring at different times, compare the coordinate changes of the monitoring points to obtain the deformation situation of the tunnel. Description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting frame and the protection component in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the protective component in the retracted state in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting bracket in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the protective member in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting plate in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first protective component in the use state in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first protective component in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second protective component in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1, total station; 2, mounting bracket; 21, first chute; 22, second chute; 221, first threaded hole; 23, connecting pipe; 231, first through slot; 24, connecting ring; 25, through hole; 3, first protective component; 31, protective member; 311, mounting sleeve; 3111, second through slot; 3112, second threaded hole; 312, support rod; 313, protective strip; 314, limiting block; 315, elastic member; 32, connecting plate; 33, connecting rod; 34, pull ring; 35, mounting bolt; 4, second protective component; 41, protective top plate; 411, mounting groove; 42, connecting bolt; 421, adjusting block; 422, smooth section; 43, fixing plate; 431, stop block; 44, mounting plate; 45, limiting bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1 In an operation area with frequent personnel movement, surveyors or other staff members may accidentally collide with the total station while walking, causing it to topple. At the same time, in some environments with strong winds, the strong wind may also exert a large force on the total station, causing it to lose balance and topple. When the total station topples, the precision optical components inside may be damaged due to the collision, resulting in problems such as optical path deviation and blurred imaging, affecting the accuracy and precision of the measurement.

[0031] Based on the above problems, as shown in this embodiment Figure 1 A detection device for underground tunnel deformation includes a total station 1. Installation frames 2 are installed on both sides of the total station 1. First protection components 3 are slidably installed at both ends of the installation frame 2. A second protection component 4 is installed on the top of the installation frame 2. The second protection component 4 is connected to the first protection component 3 and is used to adjust the position of the first protection component 3.

[0032] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, the installation frame 2 is a frame structure. First sliding grooves 21 for installing the first protection component 3 are opened at both ends of the installation frame 2. A second sliding groove 22 and a first threaded hole 221 for installing the second protection component 4 are opened on the top of the installation frame 2. Two connecting pipes 23 are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the installation frame 2. A first through groove 231 is opened on the outer surface of the connecting pipe 23. The other ends of the two connecting pipes 23 are fixedly installed with a connecting ring 24 for connecting the total station 1. Through holes 25 communicating with the connecting pipes 23 are also opened at both ends of the installation frame 2.

[0033] As Figures 2 to 6 shown, the first protection component 3 includes protection parts 31 slidably installed inside the installation frame 2. The number of the protection parts 31 is two, and the two protection parts 31 are symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the installation frame 2 respectively. The two protection parts 31 are connected by a connecting plate 32. A connecting rod 33 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the connecting plate 32. The connecting rod 33 passes through the through hole 25 and is slidably installed inside the connecting pipe 23. A pull ring 34 is fixedly installed at the end of the outer surface of the connecting rod 33 away from the connecting plate 32. The pull ring 34 is slidably installed inside the first through groove 231. The bottom protection part 31 is installed on the installation frame 2 through an installation bolt 35.

[0034] The protective member 31 includes a mounting sleeve 311 slidably mounted inside the mounting frame 2. The outer surface of the mounting sleeve 311 is provided with a second through slot 3111 and a second threaded hole 3112. Support rods 312 are slidably mounted at both ends of the mounting sleeve 311. One end of the support rod 312 away from the mounting sleeve 311 passes through the first chute 21 and extends outside the mounting frame 2. A protective strip 313 is fixedly mounted at the end of the support rod 312 extending outside the mounting frame 2. A limiting block 314 is fixedly mounted at one end of the outer surface of the support rod 312 away from the protective strip 313. The limiting block 314 is slidably mounted inside the second through slot 3111. Elastic members 315 are mounted at both ends inside the mounting sleeve 311. The other ends of the two elastic members 315 abut against the two support rods 312 respectively. When the total station 1 accidentally topples over, the protective member 31 is impacted to squeeze the elastic members 315, so as to unload force and buffer through the elastic members 315 to protect the total station 1. When the total station 1 is lifted up, the protective member 31 resets under the action of the elastic members 315.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the second protective component 4 includes a protective top plate 41. The protective top plate 41 is a telescopic plate. A connecting bolt 42 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the protective top plate 41. The number of the connecting bolts 42 is two. The two connecting bolts 42 are respectively located at both ends of the protective top plate 41. An adjusting block 421 is fixedly mounted at the top of the outer surface of the connecting bolt 42. A fixing plate 43 is also fixedly mounted at the bottom of the protective top plate 41. The fixing plates 43 are arranged in a group of two. The two fixing plates 43 in each group are respectively mounted on both sides of the connecting bolt 42. The connecting bolt 42 is threadedly mounted inside the first threaded hole 221 and the second threaded hole 3112. The fixing plate 43 is inserted into the second chute 22. While installing the fixing plate 43, the connecting bolt 42 can also fix the position of the mounting sleeve 311. A smooth section 422 is provided at the lower middle position of the connecting bolt 42, which can enable the mounting sleeve 311 to approach the fixing plate 43 through the transition of the smooth section 422. A stop block 431 is fixedly mounted on the opposite side of the two fixing plates 43 in the same group. When the fixing plate 43 approaches the mounting sleeve 311, it can enter the second through slot 3111 to fix the limiting block 314, so as to fix the first protective component 3 in the compressed state. At the same time, the protective top plate 41 also moves downward and approaches the total station under the drive of the connecting bolt 42, so as to reduce the overall volume of the device for the convenience of transportation and storage of the whole device.

[0036] During use, first install the first protective component 3 and the second protective component 4 on the mounting frame 2, contract the protective top plate 41 to make the mounting frame 2 approach the total station 1, and then install the mounting frame 2 on the total station 1 through bolts. Rotate the connecting bolt 42 through the adjusting block 421 to adjust the height of the protective top plate 41 and the height of the mounting sleeve 311.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first protective component 3 is installed by opening a first sliding groove 21 on the mounting frame 2, and the second protective component 4 is installed by setting a second sliding groove 22 and a first threaded hole 221. Moreover, the connecting bolt 42 of the second protective component 4 is threadedly connected to the mounting sleeve 311 of the first protective component 3. This enables the user to conveniently install and fix the mounting sleeve 311 while installing the protective top plate 41. Furthermore, the force when the total station 1 topples and is impacted can be buffered by the protective member 31 equipped with the elastic member 315, and the top of the total station 1 can also be protected by the protective top plate 41 to prevent the total station 1 from being damaged by loose stones on the tunnel top when measuring in an underground tunnel.

[0038] Embodiment 2 During the actual use process, it is found that sometimes the protective top plate 41 will affect the use of the total station 1 and needs to be removed. However, after the protective top plate 41 is removed, it will affect the installation and fixation of the first protective component 3.

[0039] As Figures 7 to 10 shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the connecting bolt 42 is threadedly installed on the mounting frame 2, and one end of the connecting bolt 42 is fixedly installed with a mounting plate 44. The inside of the mounting plate 44 is threadedly installed with a limit bolt 45. An installation groove 411 is opened at the bottom of the protective top plate 41, and the mounting plate 44 is slidably installed inside the installation groove 411. Loosening one of the mounting frames 2 can remove one end of the protective top plate 41 from one mounting plate 44, and then the other end of the protective top plate 41 can be removed from the other mounting plate 44 to complete the removal of the protective top plate 41.

[0040] When in use, first install the first protective component 3 on the mounting frame 2, then slide the protective top plate 41 from one mounting plate 44 to the other mounting plate 44, and then use the limit bolt 45 to fix the protective top plate 41. When it is necessary to remove the protective top plate 41, loosening one of the mounting frames 2 can slide and remove the protective top plate 41 without affecting the installation and fixation of the first protective component 3.

[0041] In this embodiment, by installing the limit bolt 45 on the mounting frame 2, opening the installation groove 411 at the bottom of the protective top plate 41, and setting the mounting plate 44 that is slidably installed inside the installation groove 411 at the end of the connecting bolt 42, it enables the user to remove the protective top plate 41 when it affects the operation of the total station 1, achieving the purpose of convenient use.

[0042] Embodiment 3 A detection method for underground tunnel deformation includes the following steps: S1. Installation: Connect the first protective component 3 and the second protective component 4 to the total station 1 through the mounting bracket 2; S2. Layout: Set a reference point at a stable position outside or inside the tunnel, and determine a known azimuth as the polar axis direction. Set monitoring points at the parts to be monitored inside the tunnel; S3. Setup: Set up the total station 1 on the reference point. After centering and leveling, aim at the known direction to determine the polar axis; S4. Measurement: Then successively measure the horizontal angle and the inclined distance between each monitoring point and the total station 1, and simultaneously measure the instrument height and the prism height; S5. Calculation: According to the measured horizontal angle, inclined distance, instrument height and prism height, use the polar coordinate calculation formula to calculate the plane coordinates and elevation of the monitoring points; S6. Obtain results: After measuring at different times, compare the coordinate changes of the monitoring points to obtain the deformation situation of the tunnel.

[0043] As mentioned above, only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel, comprising a total station (1), characterized in that: A mounting frame (2) is installed on both sides of the total station (1), a first protective component (3) is installed on both ends of the mounting frame (2), and a second protective component (4) is installed on the top of the mounting frame (2); The first protection component (3) comprises two protection members (31) slidably mounted inside the mounting frame (2), the two protection members (31) being symmetrically distributed, and the two protection members (31) being connected via a connecting plate (32); The protective member (31) comprises a mounting sleeve (311) slidably mounted inside the mounting frame (2), support rods (312) being slidably mounted on both ends of the mounting sleeve (311), one end of the support rod (312) away from the mounting sleeve (311) passing through the mounting frame (2) and extending to the outside of the mounting frame (2), a protective strip (313) being fixedly mounted on one end of the support rod (312) located outside, and an elastic member (315) being mounted between the support rod (312) and the mounting sleeve (311).

2. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the mounting frame (2) are provided with first slide grooves (21) for mounting the first protection component (3), and the top of the mounting frame (2) is provided with a second slide groove (22) and a first threaded hole (221) for mounting the second protection component (4).

3. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two connecting tubes (23) are symmetrically mounted on the inner wall of the mounting frame (2); the outer surfaces of the connecting tubes (23) are provided with first through grooves (231); the other ends of the two connecting tubes (23) are fixedly mounted with connecting rings (24) for connecting to the total station (1); and through holes (25) are also provided at both ends of the mounting frame (2) and are in communication with the connecting tubes (23).

4. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod (33) is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the connecting plate (32); the connecting rod (33) passes through the through hole (25) and is slidably mounted inside the connecting pipe (23).

5. The device for detecting deformation of underground tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pull ring (34) is fixedly mounted on one end of the outer surface of the connecting rod (33) away from the connecting plate (32), and the pull ring (34) is slidably mounted inside the first through groove (231).

6. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the mounting sleeve (311) is provided with a second through groove (3111) and a second threaded hole (3112); a limit block (314) is fixedly mounted on one end of the outer surface of the support rod (312) away from the protection strip (313); and the limit block (314) is slidably mounted inside the second through groove (3111).

7. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second protection component (4) comprises a protection top plate (41), and connecting bolts (42) are installed at both ends of the bottom of the protection top plate (41), the connecting bolts (42) are threadedly installed inside the first threaded hole (221) and the second threaded hole (3112), and an adjustment block (422) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting bolt (42).

8. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate (43) is also fixedly mounted on the bottom of the protective top plate (41), and a stopper (431) is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixing plate (43).

9. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate (44) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting bolt (42), a limit bolt (45) is mounted on the internal thread of the mounting plate (44), a mounting groove (411) is formed at the bottom of the protective top plate (41), and the mounting plate (44) is slidably mounted inside the mounting groove (411).

10. A method for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel adopts a device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, installation, connecting the first protection component (3) and the second protection component (4) to the total station (1) via the mounting frame (2); S2. Deployment: Set a reference point at a stable position outside or inside the tunnel, determine a known azimuth as the polar axis direction, and set monitoring points at the parts that need to be monitored in the tunnel; S3. Setting up: Setting up the total station (1) on the reference point, centering and leveling it, and then aiming at a known direction to determine the polar axis; S4, measuring, then measuring the horizontal angle and the slant distance between each monitoring point and the total station (1) in turn, and measuring the instrument height and the prism height at the same time; S5. Calculate the plane coordinates and elevation of the monitoring point using the polar coordinate calculation formula based on the measured horizontal angle, slope distance, instrument height and prism height; S6. Obtain the results. After measuring at different times, compare the coordinate changes of the monitoring points to obtain the deformation of the tunnel.

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