Electromagnetic valve applied to oil sprayer

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic valves, in particular to an electromagnetic valve applied to an oil sprayer, which comprises an electromagnet and a control valve, and the control valve comprises an armature structure and a valve seat structure; a first channel and a plurality of second channels are formed in the electromagnet, and a containing cavity is formed in the lower end of the electromagnet; the armature structure comprises a circular plate body and a guide column, a plurality of through holes are evenly distributed in the upper end face of the circular plate body along the peripheral edge, and the guide column is vertically arranged in the center of the lower end face of the circular plate body. A through groove is formed in the central axis of the valve seat structure, and a plurality of third channels are arranged on the periphery of the through groove. According to the electromagnetic valve applied to the oil injector, impurities near the armature structure and the electromagnet can be taken out more easily through the oil return way in the electromagnetic valve, so that the stability of the lift of the armature structure is guaranteed, and the working stability and reliability of the oil injector are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of solenoid valves, and particularly to a solenoid valve applied to an injector. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the working principle of an electronically controlled common rail injector is controlled by a control valve switch. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, which are schematic structural diagrams of a solenoid valve and an injector in the prior art. High-pressure fuel enters the injector body 1 through the high-pressure fuel inlet 16. The fuel enters the first control chamber 17 through the first channel 11 of the injector body 1 and enters the second control chamber 18 through the second channel 12. From the working principle of the existing structure of the electronically controlled common rail injector, the injector assembly controls the opening and closing of the needle valve member 60 by the force balance exerted on the needle valve member 60 by the first control chamber 17 and the second control chamber 18, so as to realize the control of injection opening and closing.

[0003] As Figure 2 shown, during the use of the solenoid valve in the prior art, during the operation of the engine, impurities may exist. The reasons for the existence of impurities are, firstly, external factors such as impurities inherent in the fuel itself, and secondly, internal factors such as component wear will also generate impurities. The filter devices such as the engine filter and filter element can filter out larger external impurities, but in actual operation, it is inevitable that some impurities will enter the oil circuit system. When impurities enter the space between the armature structure 30 and the electromagnet 20 of the solenoid valve, it will affect the lift of the actual armature structure 30: that is, the lift of the armature structure 30 becomes smaller, and in extreme cases, the lift of the armature structure 30 may even be zero, which will further lead to abnormal injection of the injector assembly or even no injection; in addition, considering the adsorption effect of the energized electromagnet 20 on metal impurities, the metal impurities in the impurities are more likely to be left between the electromagnet 20 and the armature structure 30. For the solenoid valve used in the existing structure of the injector, since the oil return circuit only has a narrow gap 19, when impurities appear between the electromagnet 20 and the armature structure 30, it is almost impossible to take away the impurities through the oil return, so the accumulated impurities will affect the normal use of the solenoid valve and even reduce the service life of the injector body 1. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems, the main object of the present invention is to provide a solenoid valve applied to an injector. Impurities near the armature structure and the electromagnet can be more easily taken out through the oil return circuit inside the solenoid valve, so as to ensure the stability of the lift of the armature structure, and further ensure the stability and reliability of the injector operation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solenoid valve applied to an injector, which includes an electromagnet and a control valve. The control valve includes an armature structure and a valve seat structure arranged from top to bottom; a first channel and a plurality of second channels are provided inside the electromagnet, and a receiving chamber is provided at the lower end of the electromagnet; the armature structure includes a circular plate body and a guide post. A plurality of through holes are evenly distributed along the outer peripheral edge of the upper end surface of the circular plate body, and the guide post is vertically arranged at the center position of the lower end surface of the circular plate body; a through groove is provided on the central axis of the valve seat structure, and a plurality of third channels are provided on the outer periphery of the through groove.

[0006] Further, the first channel is respectively communicated with each of the second channels. The first channel is vertically arranged at the central axis position of the electromagnet, and the second channels are arranged in an inclined shape. The end of the second channel connected to the first channel is the higher end.

[0007] Further, a seat surface is provided at the center position of the upper end surface of the circular plate body. The circular plate body and the guide post are integrally formed. An arc-shaped groove is provided between adjacent through holes, and a straight groove is provided on the upper end surface of the circular plate body and in the direction where the through hole is connected to the seat surface.

[0008] Further, the inner wall of the receiving chamber forms a magnet column surface, a pressure spring is provided in the receiving chamber, and the lower end of the pressure spring is hinged to the upper end surface of the seat surface.

[0009] Further, a throttle valve is provided below the valve seat structure, a sealing ball is provided between the valve seat structure and the throttle valve, and the sealing ball is located at the lowermost end of the armature structure. When the solenoid valve is powered off, the pressure spring has a pre-tightening force, which presses the armature structure downward. At the same time, the sealing ball is in sealing contact with the throttle valve; after the solenoid valve is powered on, the electromagnet adsorbs the armature structure upward, and the sealing ball moves away from the throttle valve.

[0010] Further, the guide post is located in the through groove. The outer peripheral wall of the guide post forms an armature column surface, and the inner peripheral wall of the through groove forms a valve seat column surface. The armature column surface and the valve seat column surface are a pair of mating parts.

[0011] Further, the through hole is communicated with the third channel.

[0012] Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0013] (1) By optimizing the design of the control valve, especially improving the armature structure and the valve seat structure, several through holes, straight grooves and arc-shaped grooves are designed on the armature structure, and at the same time, a third channel is also provided in the valve seat structure. During the use of the control valve, multiple channels are formed, and relevant impurities are carried away by the oil return.

[0014] (2) At the same time, an oil return channel is added to the electromagnet. Specifically, a first channel and a second channel are provided in the electromagnet, further optimizing the oil circuit system, which is beneficial to flushing away the possible impurities on the surface of the armature structure and the electromagnet by the oil return.

[0015] (3) The solenoid valve of the present invention ensures the stability of the lift of the armature structure. The lift of the armature is not affected by impurities, improving the environmental adaptability of the fuel injector and at the same time increasing the service life of the fuel injector. Description of the Drawings

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of a solenoid valve applied to a fuel injector in the prior art.

[0018] Figure 2 is a structural cross-sectional view of a common rail fuel injector in the prior art.

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of the solenoid valve of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of the electromagnet of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 is a structural cross-sectional view of the control valve of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of the armature structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 is a top view of the armature structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 is a structural cross-sectional view of the valve seat structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 is a structural cross-sectional view of the throttle valve of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 is a structural cross-sectional view of a common rail fuel injector equipped with the solenoid valve of the present invention.

[0027] Description of the Reference Numerals

[0028] 1. Injector body; 11. First channel; 12. Second channel; 13. Third channel; 14. Fourth channel; 15. Fifth channel; 16. High-pressure fuel inlet; 17. First control chamber; 18. Second control chamber; 19. Gap; 2. Sealing ball; 3. Valve stem; 4. Pressure spring; 5. Nozzle spring; 10. Control valve; 20. Electromagnet; 21. First channel; 22. Second channel; 23. Accommodating chamber; 24. Magnet cylindrical surface; 30. Armature structure; 31. Circular plate body; 311. Through hole; 312. Straight groove; 313. Arc groove; 314. Seat surface; 32. Guide post; 33. Armature cylindrical surface; 34. Armature rod; 40. Valve seat structure; 41. Through groove; 42. Valve seat cylindrical surface; 43. Third channel; 50. Throttle valve; 51. Inlet throttle hole; 52. Outlet throttle hole; 61. Needle valve part; 62. Needle valve body. Detailed implementation mode

[0029] The following combines the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] As Figure 3 shown, it is a structural cross-sectional view of the solenoid valve applied to the injector proposed by the present invention. The solenoid valve of the present invention is provided with an electromagnet 20 and a control valve 10. The control valve 10 is composed of an armature structure 30 and a valve seat structure 40. Among them, the electromagnet 20, the armature structure 30 and the valve seat structure 40 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Please refer to Figure 4 shown, it is a structural cross-sectional view of the electromagnet 20 in the present invention. The interior of the electromagnet 20 is provided with a first channel 21 and a plurality of second channels 22. The first channel 21 is vertically arranged at the central axis position of the electromagnet 20. The first channel 21 and each second channel 22 are respectively connected and communicated. The second channel 22 is arranged in an inclined shape. The end of the second channel 22 connected to the first channel 21 is the higher end. The lower end of the electromagnet 20 is provided with an accommodating chamber 23. The bottom end of the accommodating chamber 23 is open, and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber 23 forms a magnet cylindrical surface 24.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 5 shown, it is a structural cross-sectional view of the control valve 10 of the present invention. In the control valve 10 of the present invention, the armature structure 30 is fitted on the valve seat structure 40. Specifically, as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the armature structure 30 is provided with a circular plate body 31 and a guide post 32. A plurality of through holes 311 are evenly distributed along the outer peripheral edge of the upper end surface of the circular plate body 31. The through holes 311 penetrate vertically through the circular plate body 31. A seat surface 314 is provided at the center position of the upper end surface of the circular plate body 31. An arc-shaped groove 313 is provided between adjacent through holes 311. A straight groove 312 is provided on the upper end surface of the circular plate body 31 and in the direction where the through hole 311 is connected to the seat surface 314. It should be noted that the through hole 311, the straight groove 312, the arc-shaped groove 313 and the seat surface 314 in the present invention can be communicated. In other words, the through hole 311, the straight groove 312, the arc-shaped groove 313 and the seat surface 314 can achieve hydraulic connection; in addition, the guide post 32 is vertically arranged at the center position of the lower end surface of the circular plate body 31, and the circular plate body 31 and the guide post 32 can be integrally formed; furthermore, as Figure 5 shown, the through hole 311 is communicated with the third channel 43. Additionally, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, a pressure spring 4 is arranged in the accommodation chamber 23 of the electromagnet 20 of the present invention. The lower end of the pressure spring 4 is hinged to the upper end surface of the seat surface 314.

[0032] In addition, please refer to Figure 8 shown, which is a structural cross-sectional view of the valve seat structure 40 of the present invention. A through groove 41 is provided on the central axis of the valve seat structure 40. Both the upper and lower ends of the through groove 41 are provided with openings. A plurality of third channels 43 are provided on the outer periphery of the through groove 41. The third channels 43 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the through groove 41. Please refer to Figure 6 shown again. On the outer peripheral wall of the guide post 32 of the armature structure 30 in the present invention, an armature column surface 33 is formed. On the inner peripheral wall of the through groove 41, a valve seat column surface 42 is formed. As Figure 5 shown, the guide post 32 is located in the through groove 41, and the armature column surface 33 and the valve seat column surface 42 are mating parts.

[0033] The solenoid valve of the present invention is applied in an injector. As Figure 9 shown, a throttle valve 50 is further provided at the lower end of the solenoid valve. The throttle valve 50 is provided with an inlet throttle hole 51 and an outlet throttle hole 52. The throttle valve 50 is located below the valve seat structure 40, and a sealing ball 2 is provided between the lower end of the guide post 32 of the armature structure 30 and the outlet throttle hole 52 of the throttle valve 50. When the solenoid valve is powered off, the pressure spring 4 has a pre-tightening force, which presses the armature structure 30 downward. At the same time, the sealing ball 2 is in sealing contact with the outlet throttle hole 52 of the throttle valve 50; after the solenoid valve is powered on, the electromagnet 20 adsorbs the armature structure 30 upward, and the sealing ball 2 moves away from the throttle valve 50. The working principle of the solenoid valve of the present invention applied in the injector is specifically as follows:

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown in the figure, the solenoid valve designed by the present invention is applied to an injector assembly, which includes an injector body 1. The solenoid valve of the present invention is installed at the upper end of the injector body 1. In addition, the injector body 1 is also provided with a first channel 11, a second channel 12, a third channel 13, a fourth channel 14, a fifth channel 15, a first control chamber 17, a second control chamber 18, a gap 19 and a high-pressure fuel inlet 16. After the external high-pressure fuel enters the injector body 1 through the high-pressure fuel inlet 16, it is divided into two paths. One path enters the first control chamber 17 through the first channel 11. Since the first control chamber 17 is located inside the throttle valve 50, and the upper end of the first control chamber 17 is connected to the oil outlet throttle hole 52 and the lower end is connected to the inside of the throttle valve 50, so the fuel of one path flows in from the first channel 11, then enters the inside of the throttle valve 50 through the inlet throttle hole 51, and finally enters the first control chamber 17. The other path directly enters the second control chamber 18 through the second channel. In addition, a wire is wound around the electromagnet 20. When the wire on the electromagnet 20 is not energized, under the pre-tightening force of the pressure spring 4, the pre-tightening force transmitted by the armature structure 30 presses the sealing ball 2 tightly on the seat surface of the throttle valve 50. There is no pressure relief channel for the fuel in the throttle valve 50. Without considering the throttle loss, at this time, the fuel pressure in the first control chamber 17 is equal to the pressure of the inlet fuel, and the fuel pressure in the second control chamber 18 is also equal to the pressure of the inlet fuel.

[0035] The injector applied in the present invention is also provided with a valve stem 3, a needle valve member 61 and a needle valve body 62. The valve stem 3 is located at the lower end of the throttle valve 50, and an oil nozzle spring 5 is also provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the valve stem 3. The needle valve member 61 is located inside the needle valve body 62, and the needle valve body 62 is located at the lower end of the valve stem 3. Since the diameter of the valve stem 3 is larger than the diameter of the needle valve member 61, the downward hydraulic pressure F1 exerted by the first control chamber 17 on the needle valve member 61 through the valve stem 3 is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure F2 exerted by the second control chamber 18 on the needle valve member 61, that is, F1 > F2. Adding the pre-tightening force of the oil nozzle spring 5 as F3, it can be known that F1 + F3 > F2. At this time, the needle valve member 61 is sealed on the seat surface of the needle valve body 62, and the injector does not inject fuel at this time.

[0036] When a suitable voltage is applied to the wire coil on the electromagnet 20, the electromagnet 20 generates an electromagnetic suction force on the armature structure 30. When the magnitude of the electromagnetic force overcomes the pre-tightening force of the pressure spring 4, the armature structure 30 moves upward, and the sealing ball 2 leaves the seat surface of the throttle valve 50, that is, the sealing ball 2 leaves the oil outlet throttle hole 52. The first control chamber 17 is hydraulically connected to the low-pressure oil passage through the oil outlet throttle hole 52. Since the flow rate of the oil outlet throttle hole 52 is larger than the flow rate of the inlet throttle hole 51, the pressure in the first control chamber 17 gradually decreases. When it decreases to F1 + F3 < F2, without considering the influence of gravity, the resultant force on the needle valve member 61 is upward at this time. Therefore, the needle valve member 61 moves upward, and the fuel in the second control chamber 18 is ejected through the nozzle below it, and the injector realizes fuel injection.

[0037] In addition, it should be noted that in the injector structure of the prior art, the structure of the solenoid valve is different from that of the present application. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the structure of the solenoid valve in the prior art includes an electromagnet 20 and a control valve 10. The control valve 10 is composed of an armature structure 30 and an armature rod 34. A perforation is provided on the central axis of the armature structure 30. A pressure spring 4 is provided at the upper end of the armature rod 34, and the lower end is located in the perforation of the armature structure 30. Similarly, the pressure spring 4 is located in the accommodation chamber 23 of the electromagnet 20, and a part of the armature rod 34 is also located in the accommodation chamber 23. A sealing ball 2 is also provided at the bottom end of the armature rod 34.

[0038] The working principle of the injector in the prior art is also to control the position of the needle valve member 61 by using the force balance of the forces applied to the needle valve member 61 by the control chamber one 17 and the control chamber two 18, so as to realize the control of the opening and closing of the injector. During the operation of the injector, the lifting and seating of the armature structure 30 of the control valve 10 control the start and termination of the pressure relief of the control chamber one 17. The maximum lifting height of the armature structure 30 is called the armature lift. The armature lifts of different injectors are slightly different. The armatures of most injectors are between 0.03 mm and 0.07 mm. The armature lift plays a crucial role in the pressure relief speed of the control chamber one 17, and thus plays an important role in injection. Therefore, the consistency and stability of the armature lift play an important role in the consistency and stability of injection.

[0039] However, in the application process of the solenoid valve structure in the prior art, when a suitable voltage is applied to the electromagnet 20, the electromagnet 20 generates an electromagnetic attraction force on the armature structure 30. When the magnitude of the electromagnetic force overcomes the spring pre-tightening force, the armature structure 30 moves upward, driving the armature rod 34 to move upward. The sealing ball 2 immediately leaves the seat surface of the throttle valve 50, and the control chamber one 17 is hydraulically connected to the low-pressure chamber through the oil outlet throttle hole 52 and the low-pressure oil passage. Since the flow rate of the oil outlet throttle hole 52 is greater than the flow rate of the oil inlet throttle hole 51, the pressure in the control chamber one 17 gradually decreases. When it decreases to F1 + F3 < F2, without considering the influence of gravity, at this time, the resultant force on the needle valve member 61 is upward, and the needle valve member 61 moves upward, and the injector realizes injection; the fuel in the oil outlet throttle hole 52 returns to the low-pressure oil passage fuel tank of the system through the gap 19, the passage three 13, and the passage four 14. And because there is only a narrow gap 19 in this oil return circuit, when impurities appear in the oil circuit between the electromagnet 20 and the armature structure 30, it is extremely difficult to take the impurities away through the oil return, and due to the magnetism of the electromagnet 20, it is easy to stably retain some metal impurities, which further exacerbates the occurrence of solenoid valve failures.

[0040] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a solenoid valve with improved environmental adaptability. In the present invention, when the electromagnet 20 is energized, the high-pressure fuel in the first control chamber 17 is depressurized through the oil outlet throttle hole 52. After depressurization, the fuel passes through the third channel 43, and after realizing hydraulic connection with the through hole 311, the straight groove 312 and the arc groove 313, it enters the third channel 13 through the gap 19 and the fifth channel 15 respectively, and then returns to the low-pressure oil circuit fuel tank through the fourth channel 14. When impurities appear between the armature structure 30 and the electromagnet 20, the depressurized fuel will have multiple flushes between the armature structure 30 and the electromagnet 20, so it is easier to carry away the impurities in the oil circuit, ensuring that the armature lift is not affected by impurities, improving the environmental adaptability of the injector, and extending the service life of the injector.

[0041] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solenoid valve used in a fuel injector, characterized in that: It comprises an electromagnet (20) and a control valve (10), wherein the control valve (10) comprises an armature structure (30) and a valve seat structure (40) arranged from top to bottom; The electromagnet (20) is provided with a first channel (21) and a plurality of second channels (22) inside, and a receiving chamber (23) is provided at the lower end of the electromagnet (20); The armature structure (30) comprises a circular plate body (31) and a guide column (32); the upper end surface of the circular plate body (31) is evenly distributed with a plurality of through holes (311) along its outer peripheral edge; and the guide column (32) is vertically arranged at the center position of the lower end surface of the circular plate body (31); A through groove (41) is provided on the central axis of the valve seat structure (40), and a plurality of third channels (43) are provided on the outer periphery of the through groove (41).

2. The solenoid valve used for a fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first channel (21) and each of the second channels (22) are respectively connected; the first channel (21) is vertically arranged at the central axis position of the electromagnet (20); the second channel (22) is arranged in an inclined shape; and the end of the second channel (22) connected to the first channel (21) is the higher end.

3. The solenoid valve used for a fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A seat surface (314) is provided at the center of the upper end surface of the circular plate body (31), an arc groove (313) is provided between adjacent through holes (311), a straight groove (312) is provided on the upper end surface of the circular plate body (31) and in the direction where the through holes (311) and the seat surface (314) are connected, and the circular plate body (31) and the guide column (32) are integrally formed.

4. The solenoid valve used for a fuel injector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the accommodating chamber (23) forms a magnet column (24), a pressure spring (4) is arranged in the accommodating chamber (23), and the lower end of the pressure spring (4) is hinged to the upper end surface of the seat surface (314).

5. The solenoid valve used for a fuel injector according to claim 4, characterized in that: A throttle valve (50) is provided below the valve seat structure (40), and a sealing ball (2) is provided between the valve seat structure (40) and the throttle valve (50). The sealing ball (2) is located at the lowermost end of the armature structure (30). When the solenoid valve is powered off, the pressure spring (4) has a preload force, which presses the armature structure (30) downward, and at the same time, the sealing ball (2) and the throttle valve (50) are in sealing contact. When the solenoid valve is powered on, the electromagnet (20) absorbs the armature structure (30) upward, and the sealing ball (2) is away from the throttle valve (50).

6. The solenoid valve used for a fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide column (32) is located in the through groove (41), the outer peripheral wall of the guide column (32) forms an armature cylindrical surface (33), the inner peripheral wall of the through groove (41) forms a valve seat cylindrical surface (42), and the armature cylindrical surface (33) and the valve seat cylindrical surface (42) are matched.

7. The solenoid valve used for a fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole (311) is in communication with the third channel (43).

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