A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of depth measurement technology, and discloses a depth measurement device for rock and soil geological exploration, comprising a well depth gauge body and a steel ruler cable connected to the well depth gauge body, wherein the cross section of the steel ruler cable is an arc-shaped plate, a fixed plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the steel ruler cable, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed plate, a clamping plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of each rotating shaft, the inner side of the clamping plate is in contact with the outer side of the steel ruler cable, the middle part of the two clamping plates away from the steel ruler cable is fixedly connected to a fixing seat, and a half stud is fixedly connected to the surface of each fixing seat, the two half studs have matching shapes and positions, a fixing nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the half stud, and a counterweight is slidably connected between the fixing nut and the fixing seat. This depth measurement device for rock and soil geological exploration effectively limits the bending deformation of the steel ruler cable by utilizing the mutual cooperation between the clamping plate and the fixing plate, thereby improving the accuracy of depth measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of depth measurement, in particular to a depth measurement device for rock and soil geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical exploration, depth measurement is a crucial step. It is not only related to the accurate assessment of geological structures, but also directly affects the safety and economy of subsequent engineering design and construction. Common depth measurement devices include well depth gauges. Well depth gauges generally include a probe, a steel ruler cable, a winding reel, and a receiving system. The steel ruler cable is a flexible metal belt with scale markings. When measuring, the steel ruler cable is wrapped around the outside of the winding reel, and then the probe is lowered into the well using the steel ruler cable. The sensor on the probe and the receiving system send information to help personnel determine whether the probe has reached the water surface and the bottom of the well. Then, the well depth can be measured by the length of the steel ruler cable lowered.

[0003] For example, in the prior art, the patent with authorization announcement number CN216049771U discloses a rock and soil geological exploration depth measurement device, comprising a base plate, a well depth gauge fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, a control device located on the right side of the well depth gauge fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, a mounting plate fixedly connected to the top of the control device, a buffer device located above the mounting plate movably connected inside the mounting plate, and a transmission device engaged with the right side of the well depth gauge fixedly connected to the top of the buffer device. The above-mentioned rock and soil geological exploration depth measurement device has the advantages of being easy to use, and solves the problem that the existing rock and soil geological exploration depth measurement mostly uses a well depth gauge for depth measurement, but the survey wells are often very deep, and when winding up the detection line after the measurement is completed, it takes a long time to rotate the well depth gauge, pull out and roll up the detection line in the survey well, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and is likely to delay the progress of the detection, making it inconvenient to use.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned depth measuring device still has certain defects when used:

[0005] After the steel tape cable is lowered into the water, the steel tape may bend in the middle of the steel tape cable due to external forces such as water flow impact, resulting in a difference between the actual length of the steel tape cable and the length in a straight state, which in turn leads to inaccurate depth measurement. Especially in deep wells or strong water flow environments, this deviation may become particularly significant, seriously affecting the accuracy of geological structure assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration, which can correct the deviation of the steel belt of the steel ruler cable and improve the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration, comprising a well depth gauge body and a steel ruler cable connected to the well depth gauge body, the steel ruler cable cross section is an arc plate arrangement, the steel ruler cable inner side is slidably connected to a fixing plate, and both sides of the fixing plate are fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, each rotating shaft outer wall is rotatably connected to a clamping plate, the inner side of the clamping plate is in contact with the outer side of the steel ruler cable, the two clamping plates are fixedly connected to a fixing seat in the middle of a side away from the steel ruler cable, each fixing seat surface is fixedly connected to a half stud, the two half studs match in shape and position, the outer wall of the half stud is threadedly connected to a fixing nut, a counterweight block is slidably connected between the fixing nut and the fixing seat, a fixing hole corresponding to the position of the half stud is opened in the middle of the counterweight block, a connecting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate, a connecting rope is sleeved on the connecting ring, the top of the connecting rope is connected to a winding assembly, the bottom of each clamping plate is connected to a grinding assembly, and the bottom of the fixing plate is connected to a cleaning assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, a connecting groove is opened in the middle of the fixing plate, and two rollers are rotatably connected in the connecting groove, and the outer walls of the rollers are in contact with the inner side of the steel ruler cable.

[0009] Furthermore, the winding assembly includes a connecting frame, a winding shaft, a rotating plate and a connecting rod. The middle part of the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the winding shaft, the top end of the connecting rope is sleeved on the outer wall of the winding shaft, one end of the winding shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the end of the rotating plate away from the winding shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes a friction block, a clamping plate and a grinding strip. The bottom of each clamping plate is slidably connected to a friction block, the top of the friction block is fixedly connected to a clamping plate, the outer wall of the clamping plate is provided with a clamping groove corresponding to the position of the clamping plate, the clamping plate is located between the clamping plate and the counterweight block, and a plurality of grinding strips are fixedly connected to the inner side of the friction block, and the grinding strips fit the outer side of the steel ruler cable.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a fixed block, a cleaning block and a bolt. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, and the cleaning block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed block. The cleaning block fits into the inner side of the steel ruler cable. A threaded groove is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate, and an installation groove corresponding to the position of the threaded groove is provided in the middle of the fixed block. A bolt is rotatably connected in the installation groove, and the bolt is threadedly connected to the threaded groove. A sealing cover is clamped in the installation groove.

[0012] Furthermore, two symmetrically arranged fixing grooves are provided at the bottom of the counterweight block, and a spring is fixedly connected in each fixing groove, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the outer wall of the friction block.

[0013] Furthermore, a handle is fixedly connected to a side of the connecting frame away from the rotating plate, and a rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to an outer wall of the connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a protective layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clamping plate, and the outer wall of the steel ruler cable is in contact with the inner wall of the protective layer.

[0015] Furthermore, two symmetrically arranged positioning rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate, and positioning grooves corresponding to the positions of the positioning rods are opened on the surface of the fixing block.

[0016] Furthermore, an anti-slip sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the fixing nut.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) This depth measurement device for rock and soil geological exploration effectively limits the bending deformation of the steel ruler cable by using the mutual cooperation of the clamping plate and the fixing plate. Even under complex geological and hydrological conditions, it can ensure that the steel ruler cable remains in a relatively straight state, reducing the error caused by the bending of the steel belt, improving the accuracy of the measured depth, reducing the need for repeated measurements, and improving the efficiency of data collection;

[0019] (2) When the roller runs along with the steel belt correction device, it will run on the concave surface of the steel ruler cable. Compared with sliding contact, this rolling contact greatly reduces friction resistance, allowing the correction device to slide down the steel ruler cable more smoothly and correct the steel belt more effectively. The roller can dynamically adapt to the slight bends and irregular shapes of the steel ruler cable, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of correction.

[0020] (3) When the steel belt deviation correction device descends, the connecting rod can also be used to limit the falling speed of the steel belt deviation correction device to prevent it from falling too fast and damaging the bent steel ruler cable. Through this setting, the staff can accurately control the retraction and extension speed and position of the steel ruler cable to ensure stability during the measurement process;

[0021] (4) The grinding strips will grind the outer wall of the steel ruler cable to remove dirt, rust or tiny bumps on the surface of the steel ruler cable, thereby cleaning the surface of the steel ruler cable and making it smoother and flatter, which helps to reduce the resistance of the steel belt correcting device when it falls and increase the service life of the steel belt correcting device;

[0022] (5) Using a cleaning block can prevent attachments on the steel ruler cable from entering the connection groove and affecting the normal operation of the roller. Compared with using a grinding strip on the outside of the steel ruler cable, using a cleaning block on the inside of the steel ruler cable can reduce damage to the readings on the steel ruler cable;

[0023] (6) The spring can apply pressure to the friction block to ensure stable contact between the grinding strip and the steel ruler cable, so that the grinding strip can more effectively remove dirt and impurities on the surface of the steel ruler cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the winding assembly, the fixing plate and the clamping plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the fixing plate, steel ruler cable, roller and clamping plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the fixing plate, the clamping plate, the counterweight block and the friction block of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another form of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the fixing plate, rotating shaft, fixing block and cleaning block of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional split structure of the counterweight and spring of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the friction block, the clamping block and the grinding strip of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the winding assembly and the handle of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the winding assembly, handle and rotating sleeve of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Well depth gauge body; 2. Steel ruler cable; 3. Fixed plate; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Clamping plate; 6. Fixed seat; 7. Half stud; 8. Fixed nut; 9. Counterweight; 10. Fixing hole; 11. Connecting groove; 12. Roller; 13. Connecting ring; 14. Connecting rope; 15. Connecting frame; 16. Reel; 17. Rotating plate; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Rotating sleeve; 20. Handle; 21. Friction block; 22. Snap-on plate; 23. Snap-on groove; 24. Fixed groove; 25. Spring; 26. Fixed block; 27. Cleaning block; 28. Threaded groove; 29. Mounting groove; 30. Bolt; 31. Positioning rod; 32. Positioning groove; 33. Sealing cover; 34. Anti-slip sleeve; 35. Grinding strip; 36. Protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 10 A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration includes a well depth gauge body 1 and a steel ruler cable 2 connected to the well depth gauge body 1. The cross section of the steel ruler cable 2 is an arc-shaped plate. A fixed plate 3 is slidably connected to the inner side of the steel ruler cable 2. A rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed plate 3. The outer wall of each rotating shaft 4 is rotatably connected to a clamping plate 5. The inner side of the clamping plate 5 is in contact with the outer side of the steel ruler cable 2. The middle part of the two clamping plates 5 away from the steel ruler cable 2 is fixedly connected to a fixing seat 6. The surface of each fixing seat 6 is fixed. They are all fixedly connected with half studs 7, and the shapes and positions of the two half studs 7 match. The outer walls of the half studs 7 are threadedly connected with fixed nuts 8. A counterweight block 9 is slidably connected between the fixed nut 8 and the fixed seat 6. A fixing hole 10 corresponding to the position of the half stud 7 is opened in the middle of the counterweight block 9. A connecting ring 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate 3, and a connecting rope 14 is sleeved on the connecting ring 13. The top of the connecting rope 14 is connected to a winding assembly. The bottom of each clamping plate 5 is connected to a grinding assembly, and the bottom of the fixed plate 3 is connected to a cleaning assembly.

[0037] The depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration in the present invention, when performing depth measurement, first use the steel ruler cable 2 to lower the probe to the bottom of the well, then fix the steel ruler cable 2 to prevent it from moving, then the staff aligns the fixing plate 3 with the inner side of the steel ruler cable 2 and presses it tightly, then rotates the two clamping plates 5, merges the two clamping plates 5, so that the two half studs 7 are aligned, then the staff aligns the fixing holes 10 on the counterweight block 9 with the half stud 7, so that the counterweight block 9 is sleeved on the half stud 7, and then uses the fixing nut 8 to tighten the half stud 7 and the counterweight block 9, at this time, the assembly of the steel belt correction device is completed; then the staff starts the winding reel of the well depth gauge body 1 to lift the steel ruler cable 2 slightly, so that the steel ruler cable The bottom of the ruler cable 2 is suspended in the air, and then the steel belt correcting device is released. At this time, under the action of gravity, the steel belt correcting device will slide down along the steel belt cable 2. When encountering a bent steel belt, the clamping plate 5 and the fixing plate 3 clamp the steel belt cable 2 in the middle, and the extrusion force brought by gravity and falling inertia is used to force the steel belt to return to the straight line. After the steel belt correcting device moves to the bottom, the staff can pull the steel belt correcting device up through the connecting rope 14, thereby performing multiple corrections to ensure that the steel belt remains straight; the counterweight block 9 is connected to the half stud 7 through the fixing hole 10, providing additional weight to help the steel belt cable 2 reach the target position smoothly, reduce the floating phenomenon caused by water impact, and enhance the overall anti-interference ability of the device;

[0038] It is worth noting that the reading of the steel ruler cable 2 is located on the inside, which effectively reduces the occurrence of reading wear;

[0039] The mutual cooperation between the clamping plate 5 and the fixing plate 3 effectively limits the bending deformation of the steel ruler cable 2. Even under complex geological and hydrological conditions, it can ensure that the steel ruler cable 2 remains in a relatively straight state, reducing the error caused by the bending of the steel belt, improving the accuracy of the measured depth, reducing the need for repeated measurements, and improving the efficiency of data collection.

[0040] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a connecting groove 11 is opened in the middle of the fixing plate 3, and two rollers 12 are rotatably connected in the connecting groove 11, and the outer walls of the rollers 12 are in contact with the inner side of the steel ruler cable 2.

[0041] Specifically, the roller 12 can further enhance the ability to correct the deviation of the steel belt. Since the cross-section of the steel ruler cable 2 is designed as an arc plate, the roller 12 will run on the concave surface of the steel ruler cable 2 when running with the steel belt correction device. Compared with sliding contact, this rolling contact greatly reduces the friction resistance, so that the correction device can slide down along the steel ruler cable 2 more smoothly and correct the steel belt more effectively. The roller 12 can dynamically adapt to the slight bends and irregular shapes of the steel ruler cable 2, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of correction.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the winding assembly includes a connecting frame 15, a winding shaft 16, a rotating plate 17 and a connecting rod 18. The middle part of the connecting frame 15 is rotatably connected to the winding shaft 16, the top end of the connecting rope 14 is sleeved on the outer wall of the winding shaft 16, one end of the winding shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 17, and the end of the rotating plate 17 away from the winding shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 18.

[0043] Specifically, when the steel belt correcting device is recovered through the connecting rope 14, the staff holds the connecting rod 18 and then rotates it around the reel 16, so that the connecting rope 14 can be wound through the reel 16, thereby applying tension to the steel belt correcting device and lifting it to the ground. By continuously rotating the connecting rod 18, the rhythm and strength of the entire recovery process can be easily controlled; when the steel belt correcting device descends, the connecting rod 18 can also be used to limit the falling speed of the steel belt correcting device to prevent it from falling too fast and damaging the bent steel ruler cable 2; through this setting, the staff can accurately control the retraction and release speed and position of the steel ruler cable 2 to ensure stability during the measurement process.

[0044] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the grinding assembly includes a friction block 21, a clamping plate 22 and a grinding strip 35. The bottom of each clamping plate 5 is slidably connected to a friction block 21, and the top of the friction block 21 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 22. The outer wall of the clamping plate 5 is provided with a clamping groove 23 corresponding to the position of the clamping plate 22. The clamping plate 22 is located between the clamping plate 5 and the counterweight block 9. A plurality of grinding strips 35 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the friction block 21, and the grinding strips 35 are in contact with the outer side of the steel ruler cable 2.

[0045] Specifically, during the falling process of the steel belt correcting device, the grinding strip 35 will grind the outer wall of the steel ruler cable 2 to remove dirt, rust or tiny bumps and other defects on the surface of the steel ruler cable 2, thereby cleaning the surface of the steel ruler cable 2 and making it smoother and flatter, which helps to reduce the resistance of the steel belt correcting device when it falls and increase the service life of the steel belt correcting device.

[0046] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning assembly includes a fixed block 26, a cleaning block 27 and a bolt 30. The fixed block 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 3, and the cleaning block 27 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed block 26. The cleaning block 27 fits into the inner side of the steel ruler cable 2. A threaded groove 28 is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate 3, and a mounting groove 29 corresponding to the position of the threaded groove 28 is provided in the middle of the fixed block 26. A bolt 30 is rotatably connected in the mounting groove 29, and the bolt 30 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove 28. A sealing cover 33 is clamped in the mounting groove 29.

[0047] Specifically, the cleaning block 27 is made of a smooth and soft material (such as rubber, silicone, etc.), and has sufficient friction and adaptability to effectively remove dirt and impurities on the steel ruler cable 2. The smooth surface can reduce the friction between the cleaning block 27 and the steel ruler cable 2, and reduce the impact on the movement of the steel belt correction device. The use of the cleaning block 27 can prevent attachments on the steel ruler cable 2 from entering the connecting groove 11 and affecting the normal operation of the roller 12. Compared with using a grinding strip 35 on the outside of the steel ruler cable 2, using a cleaning block 27 on the inside of the steel ruler cable 2 can reduce damage to the reading on the steel ruler cable 2; the sealing cover 33 can seal the bolt 30 to ensure that after long-term use, the bolt 30 can be used normally to replace the fixing block 26 and the cleaning block 27.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two symmetrically arranged fixing grooves 24 are opened at the bottom of the counterweight block 9, and a spring 25 is fixedly connected in each fixing groove 24, and the other end of the spring 25 is in contact with the outer wall of the friction block 21.

[0049] Specifically, the spring 25 can apply pressure to the friction block 21 to ensure stable contact between the grinding strip 35 and the steel ruler cable 2, so that the grinding strip 35 can more effectively remove dirt and impurities on the surface of the steel ruler cable 2.

[0050] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a handle 20 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting frame 15 away from the rotating plate 17 , and a rotating sleeve 19 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 18 .

[0051] Specifically, when the staff uses the winding assembly, the staff holds the handle 20 with the left hand, and then holds the rotating sleeve 19 with the right hand, and then rotates it around the winding shaft 16 to achieve winding; the handle 20 is convenient for the staff to take the winding assembly, and the rotating sleeve 19 allows the staff to rotate without changing the holding position of the hand. The rotating connection between the rotating sleeve 19 and the connecting rod 18 greatly simplifies the operation process and reduces the inconvenience and errors caused by frequent adjustment of the holding position.

[0052] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a protective layer 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clamping plate 5 , and the outer wall of the steel ruler cable 2 is in contact with the inner wall of the protective layer 36 .

[0053] Specifically, the protective layer 36 is made of a flexible, corrosion-resistant material (such as rubber) with a smooth surface. The protective layer 36 made of the flexible material can absorb and disperse impact forces from the outside, thereby reducing wear and damage to the steel ruler cable 2 .

[0054] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two symmetrically arranged positioning rods 31 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 3 , and a positioning groove 32 corresponding to the position of the positioning rod 31 is opened on the surface of the fixing block 26 .

[0055] Specifically, the positioning rod 31 and the positioning groove 32 can limit the fixing block 26 to prevent the fixing block 26 from rotating or misaligning, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the cleaning assembly.

[0056] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an anti-slip sleeve 34 is provided on the outer wall of the fixing nut 8 .

[0057] Specifically, the anti-slip sleeve 34 is made of a material with excellent anti-slip properties and wear resistance, such as rubber, silicone or polyurethane. The outer surface of the anti-slip sleeve 34 is provided with an uneven texture or bumps to increase the friction between the fingers or tools to prevent slipping when rotating or tightening the fixing nut 8.

[0058] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration, comprising a well depth gauge body (1) and a steel ruler cable (2) connected to the well depth gauge body (1), characterized in that: The cross section of the steel ruler cable (2) is an arc-shaped plate. A fixed plate (3) is slidably connected to the inner side of the steel ruler cable (2). A rotating shaft (4) is fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed plate (3). The outer wall of each rotating shaft (4) is rotatably connected to a clamping plate (5). The inner side of the clamping plate (5) fits the outer side of the steel ruler cable (2). The middle part of the side of the two clamping plates (5) away from the steel ruler cable (2) is fixedly connected to a fixing seat (6). A half stud (7) is fixedly connected to the surface of each fixing seat (6). The two half studs (7) match in shape and position. The half studs (7) The outer wall is threadedly connected with a fixing nut (8), and a counterweight (9) is slidably connected between the fixing nut (8) and the fixing seat (6). A fixing hole (10) corresponding to the position of the half stud (7) is opened in the middle of the counterweight (9). A connecting ring (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate (3), and a connecting rope (14) is sleeved on the connecting ring (13). The top of the connecting rope (14) is connected to a winding assembly. The bottom of each clamping plate (5) is connected to a grinding assembly. The bottom of the fixing plate (3) is connected to a cleaning assembly, and the cleaning assembly includes a fixing block (26), a cleaning Block (27) and bolt (30), the bottom of the fixing plate (3) is fixedly connected with a fixing block (26), the outer wall of the fixing block (26) is fixedly connected with a cleaning block (27), the cleaning block (27) is fitted with the inner side of the steel ruler cable (2), the bottom of the fixing plate (3) is provided with a threaded groove (28), the middle of the fixing block (26) is provided with a mounting groove (29) corresponding to the position of the threaded groove (28), the mounting groove (29) is rotatably connected with a bolt (30), the bolt (30) and the threaded groove (28) are threadedly connected, and a sealing cover is clamped in the mounting groove (29) (33), the grinding assembly includes a friction block (21), a clamping plate (22) and a grinding strip (35), the bottom of each clamping plate (5) is slidably connected to a friction block (21), the top of the friction block (21) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (22), the outer wall of the clamping plate (5) is provided with a clamping groove (23) corresponding to the position of the clamping plate (22), the clamping plate (22) is located between the clamping plate (5) and the counterweight (9), a plurality of grinding strips (35) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the friction block (21), and the grinding strips (35) are in contact with the outer side of the steel ruler cable (2).

2. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting groove (11) is provided in the middle of the fixing plate (3), and two rollers (12) are rotatably connected in the connecting groove (11), and the outer walls of the rollers (12) are in contact with the inner side of the steel ruler cable (2).

3. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The winding assembly comprises a connecting frame (15), a winding shaft (16), a rotating plate (17) and a connecting rod (18); the middle portion of the connecting frame (15) is rotatably connected to the winding shaft (16); the top end of the connecting rope (14) is sleeved on the outer wall of the winding shaft (16); one end of the winding shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (17); and the end of the rotating plate (17) away from the winding shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (18).

4. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the counterweight block (9) is provided with two symmetrically arranged fixing grooves (24), each fixing groove (24) is fixedly connected with a spring (25), and the other end of the spring (25) is in contact with the outer wall of the friction block (21).

5. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: A handle (20) is fixedly connected to a side of the connecting frame (15) away from the rotating plate (17), and a rotating sleeve (19) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (18).

6. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the clamping plate (5) is fixedly connected with a protective layer (36), and the outer wall of the steel ruler cable (2) is in contact with the inner wall of the protective layer (36).

7. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged positioning rods (31) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate (3), and a positioning groove (32) corresponding to the position of the positioning rods (31) is opened on the surface of the fixing block (26).

8. A depth measuring device for rock and soil geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixing nut (8) is provided with an anti-slip sleeve (34).

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