ABAQUS-based coal cutter sliding shoe wear-resistant structure design and analysis method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of mining machinery, and aims to solve the problems of low stability and short service life caused by easy abrasion of an existing sliding shoe. The invention provides an ABAQUS-based coal cutter sliding shoe wear-resistant structure design and analysis method, which comprises the following steps: based on a bionics principle, setting observed pit shapes of dung beetle heads into a plurality of arrangement modes, and applying the pit shapes to the surface of a sliding shoe; simulating the arrangement mode of the pits based on an ABAQUS thermal-mechanical coupling simulation method to obtain an optimal arrangement mode of the pits; performing parameter design on the pits in the optimal arrangement mode by combining an abrasive wear test and an orthogonal test to obtain optimal pit surface parameters; designing a non-smooth surface type bionic sliding shoe with a millimeter-level pit based on the optimal pit surface parameter; and flame spraying treatment is conducted on the surface of the bionic sliding shoe, and a wear-resisting layer made of a mixed material of aluminum and tungsten carbide is introduced to the non-smooth surface of the sliding shoe. The bearing capacity, wear resistance and thermal stability of the surface of the sliding shoe can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of mining machinery, and particularly relates to a design and analysis method for the wear-resistant structure of a shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS. Background Art

[0002] The shearer sliding shoe is a key component that contacts the track or the floor when the shearer operates in the mine, and plays a role in supporting, guiding, and carrying the shearer. The performance of the sliding shoe directly affects the operating efficiency, stability, and service life of the shearer. However, the current shearer sliding shoes face many challenges in actual use.

[0003] Firstly, the wear resistance of the sliding shoe is insufficient. In a high-intensity friction environment, the surface of the sliding shoe is in long-term contact with coal rock and minerals, and is easily severely worn, resulting in a shortened service life of the sliding shoe, frequent replacement is required, increasing the maintenance cost and downtime. Existing materials such as high-chromium cast iron and cemented carbide have certain wear resistance, but still have the problem of rapid wear under extreme working conditions.

[0004] Secondly, poor thermal stability is also a significant problem of the sliding shoe. The sliding shoe is prone to thermal deformation and softening in a high-temperature environment, affecting its normal operation. Thermal fatigue and oxidation in a high-temperature environment will cause the degradation of the material properties of the sliding shoe, further shortening the service life.

[0005] In addition, when the sliding shoe works in a mine environment with humidity and corrosive gases, it is prone to oxidation and corrosion, resulting in a decrease in material properties and surface damage. Existing anti-corrosion measures are not sufficient to completely resist chemical erosion in the mine environment, and the service life of the sliding shoe is thus significantly shortened. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a design and analysis method for the wear-resistant structure of a shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: A design and analysis method for the wear-resistant structure of a shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Based on the bionics principle, the observed pit shapes on the head of the dung beetle are set in various arrangements and applied to the surface of the sliding shoe; the arrangements include rectangular, cross-shaped, or diamond-shaped;

[0009] Based on the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS, the simulation of the pit arrangements is carried out to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits; the simulation includes the establishment, assembly, meshing, setting of analysis steps, setting of interactions and constraints, establishment of loads and boundary conditions, and analysis of stress and temperature of the shearer sliding shoe model and the pin row model;

[0010] Combined with the abrasive wear test and the orthogonal test, the parameters of the pits under the optimal arrangement are designed to obtain the optimal surface parameters of the pits.

[0011] Design a non-smooth surface bionic slipper with millimeter-scale pits based on the optimal surface parameters of the pits.

[0012] Flame spray treatment is carried out on the surface of the designed bionic slipper, and a wear-resistant layer of a mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide is introduced on the non-smooth surface of the slipper.

[0013] Preferably, the simulation steps of the pit arrangement method based on the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS are as follows:

[0014] Based on the solid works software, the models of the shearer slipper and the pin row are established. The pits on the surface of the slipper are designed in three arrangement patterns: rectangular, cross, and diamond, and are modeled and converted into the step format.

[0015] Import the established models into the ABAQUS software, assign materials to the slipper and the pin row, and assemble the models.

[0016] Set the mesh element type to use explicit temperature-displacement coupling. When dividing the mesh, the working surfaces of the slipper and the pin row are encrypted.

[0017] Create two analysis steps. The first analysis step is static, and the second analysis step is temperature-displacement coupling.

[0018] Set the contact between the slipper and the pin row as surface-to-surface contact. The main surface is the slipper, and the slave surface is the pin row. Set the interaction and constraints, and set the boundary conditions.

[0019] Perform stress and temperature analysis to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits.

[0020] Preferably, in the material assignment of the slipper and the pin row, 42CrMn is used as the matrix material for the slipper, while ZG30SiMn is used as the material for the pin row. Set the material parameters of the slipper and the pin row, assign the material parameters to the cross-section, and assign the cross-section to the slipper and the pin row respectively. The material parameters include density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity.

[0021] Preferably, the scope of action of the analysis step is the entire model. Output stress components and invariants, equivalent stress, reaction forces and moments, contact stress, contact forces), nodal temperature, element temperature, state, and establish corresponding history output requests to output relevant simulation result data. And the time length of the second analysis step is 5s.

[0022] Preferably, during the setting of the interaction and constraint between the slipper and the pin row, it is necessary to edit the contact properties. In the tangential behavior, the friction formula is selected as penalty, and the friction coefficient is 0.4; in the normal behavior, "hard contact" is defined, and heat conduction and heat generation are defined. A reference point RP1 is set at the surface center of the pin row, and the pin row is set as a rigid body. The pin row is coupled with the reference point to constrain the degrees of freedom of the pin row; another reference point RP2 is set at the working surface center of the slipper, and the slipper is coupled with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

[0023] Preferably, the setting of the boundary conditions includes: fully constraining the pin row, applying a load of 10 MPa in the first analysis step, setting the moving speed of the slipper to 5 m / min on the basis of the applied load in the second analysis step, setting the analysis step time length to 5 s, and taking the form of a table for the motion speed amplitude, with the amplitude rising linearly; setting the predefined temperature field with an initial temperature of 10 °C.

[0024] Preferably, the process of stress and temperature analysis includes:

[0025] In the ABAQUS post-processing visualization interface, successively select to create XY-axis data, ODB field output request, unique nodes, NT11 node temperature or S stress; select the main nodes in the contact area between the slipper and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress;

[0026] Copy and paste the output stress and node temperature results into an EXCEL table for further processing, and import the processed data into ORIGIN to draw a curve graph to obtain the best arrangement of the pits.

[0027] Preferably, the steps of pit parameter design by combining abrasive wear test and orthogonal test include:

[0028] Combining the abrasive wear test and the orthogonal test, taking the pit diameter, depth, and center distance as the research factors, adopting the orthogonal test table of L4(2 3 ) and aiming at the lowest wear amount, using solid works software to model the test parameters of each group;

[0029] Conduct the test using an abrasive wear testing machine and measure the wear amount by the weight loss method. Fill the wear amount in the orthogonal test table, and through range analysis, find the best pit parameters.

[0030] Preferably, after the pit parameter design by combining the abrasive wear test and the orthogonal test, it also includes the pretreatment of the slipper surface; the pretreatment includes using a chemical cleaning agent or ultrasonic cleaning to remove the grease, oxides, and impurities on the substrate surface.

[0031] Preferably, the steps of flame spraying the surface of the designed bionic slipper and introducing a wear-resistant layer of a mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide on the non-smooth surface of the slipper include:

[0032] Mix aluminum and tungsten carbide according to a preset mass ratio. The particle size range of aluminum powder is 20 - 50 microns, and the particle size range of tungsten carbide powder is 10 - 30 microns to prepare the wear-resistant layer material;

[0033] Use the method of flame spraying to prepare the wear-resistant layer material: Set the spraying parameters, move the spray gun evenly to ensure that the mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide covers the surface of the substrate evenly; Let the wear-resistant layer cool naturally to gradually lower the temperature of the sprayed coating; Polish the surface of the coating and check the thickness, hardness, adhesion and uniformity of the coating.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] Based on the principle of bionics, by observing the surface of the dung beetle, the concave pit-like texture on the surface of the dung beetle is applied to the surface of the slipper to improve the wear resistance of the slipper surface. Based on the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation test of ABAQUS, by analyzing the stress field and temperature field on the surface of the slipper, the optimal arrangement of the concave pits is designed. Then, combined with abrasive wear and orthogonal tests, the optimal concave pit parameters are obtained. The designed bionic slipper with a non-smooth surface of millimeter-scale concave pits, the bionic surface improves the load-bearing capacity of the slipper surface, disperses the contact normal pressure to improve functions such as wear resistance and thermal stability by reducing the contact area between the substrate and the external environment.

[0036] The present invention also increases the wear-resistant layer by flame spraying. The material of the wear-resistant layer is a mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide, which further improves the wear resistance and hardness of the slipper surface, effectively improves the service life of the slipper, and will further improve the working efficiency of the shearer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 are the three arrangement diagrams of the concave pits in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is the model diagram of the bottom of the slipper in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation model diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of stress analysis in the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation test in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of temperature analysis in the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation test in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process in the embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0044] Combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have technical substance significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0046] The present invention provides an embodiment:

[0047] Such as Figures 1 to 6 shown, a design and analysis method for the wear-resistant structure of the shearer slider based on ABAQUS includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Based on the bionics principle, through a scanning electron microscope, it is observed that the state of the dung beetle's head is concave, with a depth of 10 - 20 μm and a maximum length diameter of 50 - 100 μm. The observed concave pit shape of the dung beetle's head is set in various arrangement patterns and applied to the surface of the slider; the arrangement patterns include rectangle, cross, or diamond;

[0049] S2: Perform simulations on the pit arrangement method using the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation method based on ABAQUS to obtain the optimal pit arrangement method; the simulation includes the establishment, assembly, meshing, setting of analysis steps, setting of interactions and constraints, establishment of loads and boundary conditions, and analysis of stress and temperature; the specific steps are as follows:

[0050] S201: Based on the solid works software, establish the shearer slider model and the pin row model, and design the pits on the slider surface in three arrangement methods: rectangular, cross, and diamond for modeling and convert them into step format;

[0051] S202: Import the established models into the ABAQUS software, assign materials to the slider and the pin row, and assemble the models; in the material assignment of the slider and the pin row, 42CrMn is used as the base material for the slider, while ZG30SiMn is used as the material for the pin row, and set the material parameters of the slider and the pin row, assign the material parameters to the cross-section, and assign the cross-section to the slider and the pin row respectively; the material parameters include density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity.

[0052] S203: Set the mesh element type to use explicit temperature-displacement coupling, and the mesh element type is C3D8RT. When meshing, encrypt the meshes on the working surfaces of the slider and the pin row, mainly the working surface of the slider.

[0053] S204: Create two analysis steps. The first analysis step is static and general, and the second analysis step is temperature-displacement coupling with a time length of 5 seconds. Set the field output, the scope is the entire model, the frequency is every 0.05 time units, and mainly output S (stress components and invariants), MISES (equivalent stress), RF (reaction force and moment), CSTRESS (contact stress), CFORCE (contact force), NT (node temperature), TEMP (element temperature), STATUS (status), and establish the corresponding history output request to output relevant simulation result data.

[0054] S205: Set the contact between the slider and the pin row as surface-to-surface contact, the main surface is the slider, and the slave surface is the pin row. At this time, it is necessary to edit the contact properties. Select the penalty friction formula in the tangential behavior, and the friction coefficient is 0.4. The normal behavior is "hard contact", and define appropriate heat conduction and heat generation. Set a reference point RP1 at the center of the surface of the pin row, set the pin row as a rigid body, couple the pin row with the reference point, and constrain the degrees of freedom of the pin row. Set another reference point RP2 at the center of the working surface of the slider, and couple the slider with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

[0055] S206: Boundary condition setting: The pin row is fully constrained. To facilitate convergence during the calculation, only a load of 10 MPa is applied in the first analysis step. On the basis of applying the load in the second analysis step, the moving speed of the slipper is set to 5 m / min, the analysis step time length is set to 5 s, and the motion speed amplitude is in the form of a table with a linearly increasing amplitude. Set the predefined temperature field with an initial temperature of 10 °C.

[0056] S207: Conduct stress and temperature analysis to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits.

[0057] In the ABAQUS post-processing visualization interface, successively select to create XY-axis data, ODB field output request, unique nodes, NT11 node temperature or S stress. Select the main nodes in the contact area between the slipper and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress.

[0058] For easy data processing and to obtain clearer and more beautiful data curves, copy and paste the output stress and node temperature results into an EXCEL spreadsheet for further processing. Then, import the processed data into ORIGIN to draw a curve graph to achieve data visualization, so as to conduct more intuitive data comparison and analysis.

[0059] S3: Combine the abrasive wear test and the orthogonal test to design the parameters of the pits under the optimal arrangement to obtain the optimal surface parameters of the pits; the steps are as follows:

[0060] S301: Combine the abrasive wear test and the orthogonal test. Taking the pit diameter, depth, and center distance as research factors, adopt the L4(2 3 ) orthogonal test table, with the lowest wear amount as the goal, and use solid works software to model the test parameters of each group;

[0061] S302: Conduct tests using an abrasive wear testing machine and measure the wear amount using the weight loss method. Fill in the wear amount in the experiment into the orthogonal test table, and find the optimal pit parameters through range analysis.

[0062] S4: Pretreat the surface of the slipper; the pretreatment includes using a chemical cleaning agent or ultrasonic cleaning to remove grease, oxides, and other impurities on the surface of the substrate.

[0063] S5: Preparation of the wear-resistant layer material: Mix aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 6 - 8:4 - 2. The particle size range of the aluminum powder is 20 - 50 microns. The tungsten carbide powder: The particle size range is 10 - 30 microns. Obtain the wear-resistant layer material.

[0064] S6: Use the flame spraying method to prepare the wear-resistant layer material:

[0065] S601: Preparation of test equipment. The test equipment used is a high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray gun, using kerosene or propane as fuel and oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas.

[0066] S602: Open the gas and oxygen cylinders, adjust the gas flow to make the flame stable, and use the HVOF spray gun ignition device to ignite the gas flame.

[0067] S603: Set the spraying parameters: Flame temperature: about 3000 °C to ensure a high enough temperature to melt the aluminum powder and heat the tungsten carbide particles. Spraying distance: Keep the distance between the spray gun and the substrate surface at 200 - 300 mm. Powder feeding rate: Adjust according to the powder particle size and mixing ratio, usually 10 - 50 g / min. Gun moving speed: Keep it at 500 - 1000 mm / min to ensure uniform coverage and appropriate coating thickness. Gas flow rate: Oxygen flow rate is about 800 - 1200 L / min, and fuel flow rate is about 200 - 300 mL / min.

[0068] S604: Move the spray gun uniformly to ensure that the aluminum and tungsten carbide mixed material is evenly covered on the substrate surface. Usually, the spraying thickness per layer is 0.1 - 0.2 mm, and multiple layers are sprayed to 2 mm.

[0069] S605: Naturally cool the wear-resistant layer to allow the sprayed coating to gradually cool down, avoiding the generation of thermal stress and cracks.

[0070] S606: Post-treat the manufactured wear-resistant coating: Polishing: Polish the coating surface to achieve the required surface finish. Inspection: Check the thickness, hardness, adhesion, and uniformity of the coating to ensure compliance with the design requirements.

[0071] The following is an illustration in conjunction with embodiments:

[0072] Embodiment 1: Original slipper

[0073] Embodiment 2: The method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the surface of the slipper is designed in a pit shape.

[0074] Specifically, S1: Through the principle of bionics, using a scanning electron microscope, it is observed that the head state of the dung beetle is in a pit shape, with a depth of 10 - 20 μm and a maximum diameter of 50 - 100 μm. The pit shape is designed into three arrangement patterns and applied to the surface of the slipper.

[0075] S2: Design the pit arrangement pattern based on the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS. When performing the ABAQUS thermal-mechanical coupling simulation, it is specifically the following steps: Construct the model of the three-dimensional component, perform assembly, mesh generation, setting of analysis steps, setting of interactions and constraints, establishment of loads and boundary conditions, and processing and analysis of test piece results. The specific steps are as follows:

[0076] Step 1: First, use SolidWorks software to establish the shearer slider model and the pin row model. Design the pits on the surface of the slider into three arrangement patterns: rectangular, cross-shaped, and diamond-shaped for modeling and convert them into the step format.

[0077] Step 2: Import the established model into ABAQUS software, and assign materials to the slider and the pin row. 42CrMn is used as the matrix material for the slider, while ZG30SiMn is used as the material for the pin row. The material parameters are density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. Set the material parameters of the slider and the pin row according to the existing experimental parameters and the parameters obtained from relevant literature, assign the material parameters to the cross-section, and assign the cross-section to the slider and the pin row respectively. Then assemble the model.

[0078] Step 3, assignment and division of the mesh type: Set the mesh element type to use explicit temperature-displacement coupling, and the mesh element type is C3D8RT. When dividing the mesh, encrypt the mesh for the working surfaces of the slider and the pin row, mainly the working surface of the slider.

[0079] Step 4, create analysis steps: Create two analysis steps. The first analysis step is static, general, and the second analysis step is temperature-displacement coupling with a time length of 5 seconds. Set the field output. The scope is the entire model, with a frequency of every 0.05 time units. The main outputs are S (stress components and invariants), MISES (equivalent stress), RF (reaction forces and moments), CSTRESS (contact stress), CFORCE (contact forces), NT (node temperature), TEMP (element temperature), STATUS (status), and establish the corresponding history output requests to output the relevant simulation result data.

[0080] Step 5, set interactions and constraints: Set the contact between the slider and the pin row as surface-to-surface contact, with the main surface being the slider and the slave surface being the pin row. At this time, it is necessary to edit the contact properties. Select the penalty friction formula for the tangential behavior, and the friction coefficient is 0.4. The normal behavior is "hard contact", and define appropriate heat conduction and heat generation. Set a reference point RP1 at the center of the surface of the pin row, set the pin row as a rigid body, couple the pin row with the reference point, and constrain the degrees of freedom of the pin row. Set another reference point RP2 at the center of the working surface of the slider, and couple the slider with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

[0081] Step 6: Boundary condition setting: The pin row is fully constrained. To facilitate convergence during the calculation, only a load of 10 MPa is applied in the first analysis step. On the basis of applying the load in the second analysis step, the moving speed of the slider is set to 5 m / min, the analysis step time length is set to 5 s, and the motion speed amplitude is in the form of a table with a linearly increasing amplitude. Set the predefined temperature field with an initial temperature of 10 °C.

[0082] Step 7: Conduct stress and temperature analysis to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits.

[0083] Step 7.1: In the ABAQUS post-processing visualization interface, successively select to create XY-axis data, ODB field output request, unique nodes, NT11 node temperature or S stress. Select the main nodes in the contact area between the slider and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress.

[0084] Step 7.2: For the convenience of data processing and to obtain clearer and more beautiful data curves, copy and paste the output stress and node temperature results into an EXCEL spreadsheet for further processing. Then, import the processed data into ORIGIN to draw a curve graph to realize data visualization, so as to conduct data comparison and analysis more intuitively.

[0085] Example 3: The method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that not only the surface of the slider is made into a pit shape, but also the surface is treated with a wear-resistant layer, and the material is a mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 8:2.

[0086] S1: Through the principle of bionics, using a scanning electron microscope, it is observed that the state of the dung beetle's head is in a pit shape, with a depth of 10 - 20 μm and a longest diameter of 50 - 100 μm. The pit shape is designed into three arrangement methods and applied to the surface of the slider.

[0087] S2: Design the arrangement of the pits based on the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS. When conducting the ABAQUS thermal-mechanical coupling simulation, the specific steps are as follows: constructing the model of the three-dimensional component, conducting assembly, dividing the mesh, setting the analysis step, setting the interaction and constraints, establishing the load and boundary conditions, and processing and analyzing the test piece results. The specific steps are as follows:

[0088] Step 1: First, use solid works software to establish the models of the shearer slider and the pin row. Design the pits on the surface of the slider into three arrangement methods: rectangular, cross, and diamond, and conduct modeling and convert them into the step format.

[0089] Step 2: Import the established model into ABAQUS software, assign materials to the slipper and the pin row. The slipper uses 42CrMn as the matrix material, while the pin row uses ZG30SiMn as the material. The material parameters are density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. According to the existing experimental parameters and the parameters obtained from relevant literature, set the material parameters of the slipper and the pin row, assign the material parameters to the cross-section, and assign the cross-sections to the slipper and the pin row respectively. Then assemble the model.

[0090] Step 3, Assignment and division of mesh types: Set the mesh element type to use explicit temperature-displacement coupling, and the mesh element type is C3D8RT. When dividing the mesh, encrypt the mesh for the working surfaces of the slipper and the pin row, mainly the working surface of the slipper.

[0091] Step 4, Create analysis steps: Create two analysis steps. The first analysis step is static, general, and the second analysis step is temperature-displacement coupling with a time length of 5 seconds. Set the field output. The scope is the entire model, with a frequency of every 0.05 time units. The main outputs are S (stress components and invariants), MISES (equivalent stress), RF (reaction forces and moments), CSTRESS (contact stress), CFORCE (contact forces), NT (nodal temperature), TEMP (element temperature), STATUS (status), and establish the corresponding history output requests to output relevant simulation result data.

[0092] Step 5, Set interactions and constraints: Set the contact between the slipper and the pin row as surface-to-surface contact. The main surface is the slipper, and the slave surface is the pin row. At this time, it is necessary to edit the contact properties. Select the penalty friction formula for the tangential behavior, and the friction coefficient is 0.4. The normal behavior is "hard contact", and define appropriate heat conduction and heat generation. Set a reference point RP1 at the center of the surface of the pin row, set the pin row as a rigid body, couple the pin row with the reference point, and constrain the degrees of freedom of the pin row. Set another reference point RP2 at the center of the working surface of the slipper, and couple the slipper with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

[0093] Step 6: Set boundary conditions: The pin row is fully constrained. To facilitate convergence during the calculation, only apply a load of 10 MPa in the first analysis step. In the second analysis step, based on the applied load, set the moving speed of the slipper to 5 m / min, set the analysis step time length to 5 s, and the motion speed amplitude takes the form of a table with a linear increase. Set the predefined temperature field with an initial temperature of 10 °C.

[0094] Step 7: Conduct stress and temperature analysis to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits.

[0095] Step 7.1: In the ABAQUS post-processing visualization interface, sequentially select Create XY Data, ODB Field Output Request, Unique Nodes, NT11 Node Temperature or S Stress. Select the main nodes in the contact area between the slipper and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress.

[0096] Step 7.2: For ease of data processing and to obtain clearer and more aesthetic data curves, copy and paste the output stress and node temperature results into an EXCEL spreadsheet for further processing. Then, import the processed data into ORIGIN to plot the curve graph, realizing data visualization, thereby enabling more intuitive data comparison and analysis.

[0097] S3: Design the pit parameters by combining abrasive wear tests and orthogonal tests;

[0098] Step 1: Combine abrasive wear tests and orthogonal tests, take the pit diameter, depth, and center distance as research factors, adopt an L4(2 3 ) orthogonal experiment table, and aim for the lowest wear amount. Use solid works software to model the test parameters for each group.

[0099] Step 2: Conduct tests using an abrasive wear testing machine and measure the wear amount using the weight loss method. Fill in the wear amount in the orthogonal experiment table, and through range analysis, find the optimal pit parameters.

[0100] S4: Pretreat the slipper surface: Use chemical cleaning agents or ultrasonic cleaning to remove grease, oxides, and other impurities on the substrate surface.

[0101] S5: Preparation of wear-resistant layer material:

[0102] Step 1: Mix aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 8:2. The particle size range of aluminum powder is 20 - 50 microns. The particle size range of tungsten carbide powder is 10 - 30 microns. Prepare the wear-resistant layer material.

[0103] S6: Prepare the wear-resistant layer material using the flame spraying method:

[0104] Step 1: Prepare the test equipment. The test equipment uses a supersonic flame spraying gun, and uses kerosene or propane as fuel and oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas.

[0105] Step 2: Open the gas and oxygen cylinders, adjust the gas flow to make the flame stable, and use the HVOF gun ignition device to ignite the gas flame.

[0106] Step 3: Set spraying parameters: Flame temperature: about 3000 °C to ensure a high enough temperature to melt the aluminum powder and heat the tungsten carbide particles. Spraying distance: Keep the distance between the spray gun and the substrate surface at 200 - 300 mm. Powder feeding rate: Adjust according to the powder particle size and mixing ratio, usually 10 - 50 g / min. Gun moving speed: Keep at 500 - 1000 mm / min to ensure uniform coverage and appropriate coating thickness.

[0107] Gas flow rate: Oxygen flow rate is about 800 - 1200 L / min, and fuel flow rate is about 200 - 300 mL / min.

[0108] Step 4: Move the spray gun evenly to ensure that the aluminum and tungsten carbide mixture is evenly covered on the substrate surface. Usually, the spraying thickness per layer is 0.1 - 0.2 mm, and multiple layers are sprayed to 2 mm.

[0109] Step 5: Let the wear-resistant layer cool naturally to allow the sprayed coating to gradually cool down and avoid generating thermal stress and cracks.

[0110] Step 6: Post-treat the fabricated wear-resistant coating: Polishing: Polish the coating surface to achieve the required surface finish. Inspection: Check the thickness, hardness, adhesion, and uniformity of the coating to ensure compliance with the design requirements.

[0111] Example 4: The method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that not only the surface of the slider is made into a concave pit shape, but also the surface is treated with a wear-resistant layer. The materials are mixed with aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 7:3.

[0112] S1: Through the principle of bionics, using a scanning electron microscope, the head state of the dung beetle is observed to be concave, with a depth of 10 - 20 μm and a maximum diameter of 50 - 100 μm. The concave shape is designed in three arrangement patterns and applied to the surface of the slider.

[0113] S2: Design the concave pit arrangement pattern based on the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS. When performing the ABAQUS thermo-mechanical coupling simulation, the specific steps are as follows: constructing the model of the three-dimensional component, assembling, meshing, setting the analysis step, setting the interaction and constraints, establishing the load and boundary conditions, and processing and analyzing the test piece results. The specific steps are as follows:

[0114] Step 1: First, use solid works software to establish the model of the shearer slider and the pin row model. Design the concave pits on the surface of the slider in three arrangement patterns: rectangular, cross, and diamond, and model them and convert them into the step format.

[0115] Step 2: Import the established model into ABAQUS software, assign materials to the slipper and the pin row. The matrix material of the slipper is 42CrMn, while the material of the pin row is ZG30SiMn. The material parameters are density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. According to the existing experimental parameters and the parameters obtained from relevant literature, set the material parameters of the slipper and the pin row, assign the material parameters to the cross-section, and then assign the cross-sections to the slipper and the pin row respectively. And assemble the model.

[0116] Step 3: Assignment and division of mesh types: Set the mesh element type to use explicit temperature-displacement coupling, and the mesh element type is C3D8RT. When dividing the mesh, encrypt the mesh for the working surfaces of the slipper and the pin row, mainly the working surface of the slipper.

[0117] Step 4: Create analysis steps: Create two analysis steps. The first analysis step is static and general, and the second analysis step is temperature-displacement coupling with a time length of 5 seconds. Set the field output. The scope is the entire model, with a frequency of every 0.05 time units. The main outputs are S (stress components and invariants), MISES (equivalent stress), RF (reaction forces and moments), CSTRESS (contact stress), CFORCE (contact forces), NT (node temperature), TEMP (element temperature), STATUS (status), and establish the corresponding history output requests to output the relevant simulation result data.

[0118] Step 5: Set interactions and constraints: Set the contact between the slipper and the pin row as surface-to-surface contact. The main surface is the slipper, and the slave surface is the pin row. At this time, it is necessary to edit the contact properties. Select the penalty friction formula in the tangential behavior, and the friction coefficient is 0.4. The normal behavior is "hard contact", and define appropriate heat conduction and heat generation. Set a reference point RP1 at the center of the surface of the pin row, set the pin row as a rigid body, couple the pin row with the reference point, and constrain the degrees of freedom of the pin row. Set another reference point RP2 at the center of the working surface of the slipper, and couple the slipper with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

[0119] Step 6: Set boundary conditions: The pin row is fully constrained. To facilitate convergence during the calculation, only apply a load of 10 MPa in the first analysis step. In the second analysis step, based on the applied load, set the moving speed of the slipper to 5 m / min, set the analysis step time length to 5 s, and the motion speed amplitude is in the form of a table, with the amplitude rising linearly. Set the predefined temperature field with an initial temperature of 10 °C.

[0120] Step 7: Conduct stress and temperature analysis to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits.

[0121] Step 7.1: In the post - processing visualization interface of ABAQUS, successively select Create XY Data, ODB Field Output Request, Unique Nodes, NT11 Node Temperature or S Stress; select the main nodes in the contact area between the slipper and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress.

[0122] Step 7.2: For the convenience of data processing and to obtain clearer and more beautiful data curves, copy and paste the output stress and node temperature results into an EXCEL spreadsheet for further processing. Then, import the processed data into ORIGIN to draw a curve graph to achieve data visualization, so as to more intuitively conduct data comparison and analysis.

[0123] S3: Combine abrasive wear tests and orthogonal tests for pit parameter design;

[0124] Step 1: Combine abrasive wear tests and orthogonal tests. Take the pit diameter, depth, and center distance as research factors, adopt an L4(2 3 ) orthogonal experimental table, and aim at the lowest wear amount. Use solid works software to model the test parameters of each group.

[0125] Step 2: Conduct tests using an abrasive wear testing machine, measure the wear amount using the weight - loss method, fill in the wear amount in the orthogonal experimental table, and find the optimal pit parameters through range analysis.

[0126] S4: Pre - treatment of the slipper surface: Use chemical cleaning agents or ultrasonic cleaning to remove grease, oxides, and other impurities on the substrate surface.

[0127] S5: Preparation of wear - resistant layer material:

[0128] Step 1: Mix aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 7:3. The particle size range of aluminum powder is 20 - 50 microns, and the particle size range of tungsten carbide powder is 10 - 30 microns. Obtain the wear - resistant layer material.

[0129] S6: Prepare the wear - resistant layer material using the flame spraying method:

[0130] Step 1: Prepare the test equipment. The test equipment uses a supersonic flame spraying gun, uses kerosene or propane as fuel, and oxygen as the combustion - supporting gas.

[0131] Step 2: Open the gas and oxygen cylinders, adjust the air flow to make the flame stable, and use the HVOF gun ignition device to ignite the gas flame.

[0132] Step 3: Set spraying parameters: Flame temperature: about 3000 °C to ensure a high enough temperature to melt the aluminum powder and heat the tungsten carbide particles. Spraying distance: Keep the distance between the spray gun and the substrate surface at 200 - 300 mm. Powder feeding rate: Adjust according to the powder particle size and mixing ratio, usually 10 - 50 g / min. Gun moving speed: Keep it at 500 - 1000 mm / min to ensure uniform coverage and appropriate coating thickness.

[0133] Gas flow rate: Oxygen flow rate is about 800 - 1200 L / min, and fuel flow rate is about 200 - 300 mL / min.

[0134] Step 4: Move the spray gun evenly to ensure that the aluminum and tungsten carbide mixture is evenly covered on the substrate surface. Usually, the spraying thickness per layer is 0.1 - 0.2 mm, and multiple layers are sprayed to 2 mm.

[0135] Step 5: Naturally cool the wear-resistant layer to allow the sprayed coating to gradually cool down and avoid generating thermal stress and cracks.

[0136] Step 6: Post-treat the made wear-resistant coating: Polishing: Polish the coating surface to achieve the required surface finish. Inspection: Check the thickness, hardness, adhesion, and uniformity of the coating to ensure compliance with the design requirements.

[0137] Example 5: The method of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that not only the surface of the slider is made into a concave pit shape, but also the surface is treated with a wear-resistant layer. The materials are mixed with aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 6:4.

[0138] S1: Through the principle of bionics, using a scanning electron microscope, the state of the dung beetle's head is observed to be concave, with a depth of 10 - 20 μm and a maximum diameter of 50 - 100 μm. The concave shape is designed into three arrangement patterns and applied to the surface of the slider.

[0139] S2: Design the concave pit arrangement pattern based on the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS. When performing the ABAQUS thermo-mechanical coupling simulation, the specific steps are as follows: construct the model of the three-dimensional component, perform assembly, divide the mesh, set the analysis step, set the interaction and constraints, establish the load and boundary conditions, and process and analyze the test piece results. The specific steps are as follows:

[0140] Step 1: First, use solid works software to establish the model of the shearer slider and the pin row model. Design the concave pits on the surface of the slider into three arrangement patterns: rectangular, cross, and diamond, and perform modeling and convert it into the step format.

[0141] Step 2: Import the established model into ABAQUS software, assign materials to the slipper and the pin row. The matrix material of the slipper is 42CrMn, while the material of the pin row is ZG30SiMn. The material parameters are density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. According to the existing experimental parameters and the parameters obtained from relevant literature, set the material parameters of the slipper and the pin row, assign the material parameters to the cross-section, and then assign the cross-sections to the slipper and the pin row respectively. Then assemble the model.

[0142] Step 3: Assignment and division of mesh type: Set the mesh element type to use explicit temperature-displacement coupling, and the mesh element type is C3D8RT. When dividing the mesh, encrypt the mesh for the working surfaces of the slipper and the pin row, mainly for the working surface of the slipper.

[0143] Step 4: Create analysis steps: Create two analysis steps. The first analysis step is static and general, and the second analysis step is temperature-displacement coupling with a time length of 5 seconds. Set the field output. The scope is the entire model, with a frequency of every 0.05 time units. The main outputs are S (stress components and invariants), MISES (equivalent stress), RF (reaction forces and moments), CSTRESS (contact stress), CFORCE (contact forces), NT (node temperature), TEMP (element temperature), STATUS (status), and establish the corresponding history output requests to output relevant simulation result data.

[0144] Step 5: Set interactions and constraints: Set the contact between the slipper and the pin row as surface-to-surface contact, with the main surface being the slipper and the slave surface being the pin row. At this time, it is necessary to edit the contact properties. In the tangential behavior, select the penalty friction formula with a friction coefficient of 0.4. The normal behavior is "hard contact", and define appropriate heat conduction and heat generation. Set a reference point RP1 at the center of the surface of the pin row, set the pin row as a rigid body, couple the pin row with the reference point, and constrain the degrees of freedom of the pin row. Set another reference point RP2 at the center of the working surface of the slipper, and couple the slipper with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

[0145] Step 6: Set boundary conditions: The pin row is fully constrained. To facilitate convergence during the calculation, only apply a load of 10 MPa in the first analysis step. On the basis of applying the load in the second analysis step, set the moving speed of the slipper to 5 m / min, set the analysis step time length to 5 s, and the motion speed amplitude takes the form of a table with a linear increase. Set the predefined temperature field with an initial temperature of 10 °C.

[0146] Step 7: Conduct stress and temperature analysis to obtain the best arrangement of the pits.

[0147] Step 7.1: In the post-processing visualization interface of ABAQUS, sequentially select Create XY Data, ODB Field Output Request, Unique Nodes, NT11 Node Temperature or S Stress; select the main nodes in the contact area between the slipper and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress.

[0148] Step 7.2: For the convenience of data processing and to obtain clearer and more beautiful data curves, copy and paste the output stress and node temperature results into an EXCEL table for further processing. Then, import the processed data into ORIGIN to draw a curve graph to achieve data visualization, so as to more intuitively conduct data comparison and analysis.

[0149] S3: Combine abrasive wear tests and orthogonal tests to design pit parameters;

[0150] Step 1: Combine abrasive wear tests and orthogonal tests. Take the pit diameter, depth, and center distance as research factors, adopt an L4(2 3 ) orthogonal experiment table, and aim at the lowest wear amount. Use solid works software to model the test parameters of each group.

[0151] Step 2: Conduct tests using an abrasive wear testing machine and measure the wear amount using the weight loss method. Fill in the wear amount in the orthogonal experiment table, and through range analysis, find the best pit parameters.

[0152] S4: Pretreatment of the slipper surface: Use chemical cleaning agents or ultrasonic cleaning to remove grease, oxides, and other impurities on the substrate surface.

[0153] S5: Preparation of wear-resistant layer materials:

[0154] Step 1: Mix aluminum and tungsten carbide in a mass ratio of 6:4. The particle size range of aluminum powder is 20 - 50 microns. Tungsten carbide powder: The particle size range is 10 - 30 microns. Prepare the wear-resistant layer material.

[0155] S6: Prepare the wear-resistant layer material using the flame spraying method:

[0156] Step 1: Prepare the test equipment. The test equipment uses a supersonic flame spraying gun, uses kerosene or propane as fuel, and oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas.

[0157] Step 2: Open the gas and oxygen cylinders, adjust the air flow to make the flame stable, and use the HVOF gun ignition device to ignite the gas flame.

[0158] Step 3: Set the spraying parameters: Flame temperature: approximately 3000 °C to ensure a high enough temperature to melt the aluminum powder and heat the tungsten carbide particles. Spraying distance: Keep the distance between the spray gun and the substrate surface at 200 - 300 mm. Powder feeding rate: Adjust according to the powder particle size and mixing ratio, usually 10 - 50 g / min. Gun movement speed: Keep it at 500 - 1000 mm / min to ensure uniform coverage and appropriate coating thickness. Gas flow rate: Oxygen flow rate is approximately 800 - 1200 L / min, and fuel flow rate is approximately 200 - 300 mL / min.

[0159] Step 4: Move the spray gun evenly to ensure that the aluminum and tungsten carbide mixture is evenly covered on the substrate surface. Usually, the spraying thickness per layer is 0.1 - 0.2 mm, and multiple layers are sprayed to 2 mm.

[0160] Step 5: Let the wear-resistant layer cool naturally to allow the sprayed coating to gradually cool down and avoid generating thermal stress and cracks.

[0161] Step 6: Post-treat the made wear-resistant coating: Polishing: Polish the coating surface to achieve the required surface finish. Inspection: Check the thickness, hardness, adhesion, and uniformity of the coating to ensure compliance with the design requirements.

[0162] Test the wear resistance of the slippers prepared in Examples 1 - 5. Use a friction and wear testing machine to simulate the service wear test, and determine the final wear rate based on the weight loss method. The test results are shown in the following table:

[0163] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Wear amount / mg 440 410 385 366 382

[0164] It also includes Table 1: Thermo-mechanical coupling simulation test result table; Table 2: Slipper and pin row material property table; Table 3: Orthogonal test factor level distribution table; Table 4: Orthogonal test and result analysis table; Table 5: Abrasive wear test result table.

[0165] Table 1 Thermo-mechanical coupling simulation test results

[0166] Smooth Rectangle Cross Rhombus Maximum stress 218.3 MPa 183.3 MPa 177.3 MPa 177.4 MPa Highest temperature 191.9℃ 165.3℃ 151.7℃ 152.7℃

[0167] Table 2 Slipper and pin row material properties

[0168]

[0169] Table 3 Orthogonal test factor level distribution table

[0170]

[0171] Table 4 Orthogonal test and result analysis

[0172]

[0173] Table 5 Abrasive Wear Test Results

[0174] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Wear amount / mg 440 410 385 366 382

[0175] It can be seen from the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation test results in Table 1 that the maximum stress and the highest temperature of the three arrangement modes of the bionic non-smooth surface pits are less than those of the smooth slipper, indicating that the non-smooth pit surface can improve the wear resistance and thermal stability to a certain extent and reduce the occurrence of abrasive wear and adhesive wear. From Table 4, by combining the abrasive wear test and the orthogonal test, the three parameters of the pit diameter, center distance, and depth are optimized to obtain the best bionic non-smooth pit surface.

[0176] The designed bionic non-smooth surface is treated by flame spraying, and a wear-resistant layer of a mixture of aluminum and tungsten carbide is introduced on the non-smooth surface of the slipper, successfully improving the wear resistance of the slipper.

[0177] It can be seen from Examples 1 and 2 in Table 5 that the wear amount of the non-smooth pit surface is less than that of the smooth surface, indicating that the non-smooth pit surface improves the wear resistance of the working surface of the slipper. It can be seen from Examples 2 and 3 that the treatment of the flame-sprayed wear-resistant layer effectively improves the wear resistance of the slipper. It shows that both the bionic non-smooth pit surface and the wear-resistant layer effectively improve the wear resistance of the slipper. It can be seen from Examples 3-5 that the best effect is achieved when the mass ratio of aluminum to tungsten carbide is 7:3.

[0178] As mentioned above, it is only the preferred specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A design and analysis method for the wear-resistant structure of a shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the principle of bionics, the observed pit shapes on the head of the dung beetle are arranged into a variety of arrangements and applied to the surface of the sliding shoe; the arrangements include rectangular, cross or diamond shapes; The arrangement of the pits is simulated based on the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS, and the best arrangement of the pits is obtained; the simulation includes the establishment, assembly, meshing, setting of analysis steps, setting of interactions and constraints, establishment of loads and boundary conditions, and analysis of stress and temperature of the shearer sliding shoe model and the pin arrangement model; Combining abrasive wear test and orthogonal test, the parameters of the pits under the best arrangement are designed to obtain the best pit surface parameters; Designing a bionic sliding shoe with a non-smooth surface having millimeter-scale pits based on the optimal pit surface parameters; The surface of the designed bionic sliding shoe is flame sprayed, and a wear-resistant layer of a mixed material of aluminum and tungsten carbide is introduced on the non-smooth surface of the sliding shoe.

2. The design and analysis method of the wear-resistant structure of the shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulation steps for the pit arrangement based on the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation method of ABAQUS are as follows: The shearer sliding shoe model and pin row model were established based on Solid Works software. The pits on the sliding shoe surface were designed into three arrangements: rectangle, cross, and diamond, and then modeled and converted into step format. Import the established model into ABAQUS software, assign materials to the sliding shoe and pin row, and assemble the model; Set the mesh element type to display temperature displacement coupling, and when dividing the mesh, perform mesh encryption on the working surfaces of the sliding shoe and the pin row; Create two analysis steps, the first one is static and the second one is temperature-displacement coupling; Set the contact between the sliding shoe and the pin row to be surface-to-surface, with the sliding shoe as the main surface and the pin row as the slave surface, and set the interaction and constraints; And set boundary conditions; Stress and temperature analysis are performed to determine the best arrangement of the pits.

3. The design and analysis method of the wear-resistant structure of the shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the material assignment of the sliding shoe and the pin row, the sliding shoe adopts 42CrMn as the base material, and the pin row adopts ZG30SiMn as the material, and the material parameters of the sliding shoe and the pin row are set, and the material parameters are assigned to the cross-section, and the cross-section is assigned to the sliding shoe and the pin row respectively; the material parameters include density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, expansion coefficient, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity.

4. The wear-resistant structure design and analysis method of the shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The scope of the analysis step is the entire model, outputting stress components and invariants, equivalent stress, reaction force and moment, contact stress, contact force), node temperature, unit temperature, state, and establishing corresponding process output requests to output relevant simulation result data; and the time length of the second analysis step is 5s.

5. The design and analysis method of wear-resistant structure of shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the process of setting the interaction and constraints between the slider and the pin row, it is necessary to edit the contact properties, select the friction formula as penalty in the tangential behavior, and the friction coefficient as 0.4; the normal behavior is "hard contact", and heat conduction and heat generation are defined. A reference point RP1 is set at the center of the surface of the pin row, the pin row is set as a rigid body, the pin row is coupled with the reference point, and the freedom of the pin row is constrained; another reference point RP2 is set at the center of the working surface of the slider, and the slider is coupled with the reference point RP2 to set the speed.

6. The wear-resistant structure design and analysis method of the shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 2 is characterized by: The boundary conditions are set as follows: full constraints are imposed on the pin row, a load of 10 MPa is applied in the first analysis step, and in the second analysis step, on the basis of the applied load, the movement speed of the sliding shoe is set to 5 m / min, the analysis step time length is set to 5 s, the movement speed amplitude is in the form of a table, and the amplitude increases linearly; a predefined temperature field is set, and the initial temperature is 10 °C.

7. The design and analysis method of wear-resistant structure of shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 2 is characterized by: The process of performing a stress and temperature analysis includes: In the ABAQUS post-processing visualization interface, select Create XY axis data, ODB field output request, unique node, NT11 node temperature or S stress in turn; select the main nodes in the contact area between the slider and the track in the viewport, draw the simulation result data curve, and obtain the output results of the node temperature NT11 or stress; The output stress and node temperature results are copied and pasted into an EXCEL table for further processing, and the processed data are imported into ORIGIN to draw a graph to obtain the optimal arrangement of the pits.

8. The design and analysis method of wear-resistant structure of shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of combining abrasive wear test and orthogonal test to design the pit parameters include: Combining abrasive wear test and orthogonal test, the pit diameter, depth and center distance were taken as research factors, and L4(2 3 ) of the orthogonal test table, with the minimum wear amount as the goal, the solid works software was used to model each group of test parameters; The abrasive wear testing machine was used to conduct the test, and the weight loss method was used to measure the wear amount. The wear amount in the experiment was filled in the orthogonal test table, and the optimal pit parameters were found through range analysis.

9. The design and analysis method of wear-resistant structure of shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the pit parameters are designed by combining abrasive wear test and orthogonal test, the method also includes pre-treatment of the sliding shoe surface; the pre-treatment includes using chemical cleaning agent or ultrasonic cleaning to remove grease, oxides and impurities on the surface of the substrate.

10. The design and analysis method of wear-resistant structure of shearer sliding shoe based on ABAQUS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of flame spraying the designed bionic sliding shoe surface and introducing a wear-resistant layer of a mixed material of aluminum and tungsten carbide on the non-smooth surface of the sliding shoe include: Aluminum and tungsten carbide are mixed according to a preset mass ratio, the particle size of aluminum powder is in the range of 20-50 microns; the particle size of tungsten carbide powder is in the range of 10-30 microns, and the wear-resistant layer material is prepared; Use flame spraying to prepare the wear-resistant layer material: set the spraying parameters, move the spray gun evenly, and ensure that the aluminum and tungsten carbide mixed material is evenly covered on the surface of the substrate; cool the wear-resistant layer naturally to allow the sprayed coating to gradually cool down; polish the coating surface and check the coating thickness, hardness, adhesion and uniformity.

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