Method and device for constructing three-dimensional fracture density model of faulted body, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of construction method, device and electronic equipment of fracture density three-dimensional model of disjunctive body, belong to oil reservoir exploration and development technical field, wherein, the method includes: obtaining target area field outcrop image;Mark fracture on target area field outcrop image, and obtain the density of fracture;Based on the density of the fracture and the first distance of fracture distance fault, obtain scatter diagram;The data on the scatter diagram is fitted, and fitting function is obtained;Geological model of target area is constructed;The second distance of grid to fault main axis surface in the geological model is calculated;Based on the fitting function and the second distance, obtain the fracture density three-dimensional model of target area disjunctive body.The present application can more accurately depict fracture density of disjunctive body, to improve the recovery of oil and gas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil reservoir exploration and development, and particularly relates to a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a faulted fracture body and electronic equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Faults are one of the main factors for generating fractures, and the differences between faults determine the scale, density, opening degree and other parameters of fracture development, and further determine the development degree of reservoirs, which has an important influence on the migration and accumulation of oil and gas and recovery efficiency, and determines the scale of oil and gas reserves and economic benefits.

[0003] Quantitative analysis of fracture density of a faulted fracture body is relatively difficult, and there are currently two methods. One is to predict fracture density by indirect data such as logging and seismic and taking a fracture development geological model as a constraint. The other is to determine fracture density by analyzing and backstepping the distance from a fault according to direct data such as outcrops and cores. The former is limited by resolution and can only depict large-scale fractures, and cannot accurately depict small-scale fractures. The latter considers that fracture density decreases linearly with the distance from the fault, which is quite different from the actual situation of fluctuating and decreasing outcrop fracture density.

[0004] In summary, there is a lack of a modeling method capable of depicting fracture density of a faulted fracture body with higher accuracy in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a faulted fracture body and electronic equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of a modeling method capable of depicting fracture density of a faulted fracture body with higher accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a faulted fracture body, comprising:

[0007] Obtaining an outcrop image of a target area;

[0008] Marking fractures on the outcrop image of the target area and obtaining the density of the fractures;

[0009] Based on the density of the fractures and a first distance of the fractures from a fault, a scatter plot is obtained;

[0010] Fitting data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function;

[0011] Constructing a geological model of the target area;

[0012] Calculating a second distance of a grid in the geological model to a fault main plane;

[0013] Based on the fitting function and the second distance, a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a faulted fracture body of the target area is obtained.

[0014] In a possible implementation, fitting the data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function includes:

[0015] The data on the scatter plot are fitted based on data processing and fitting software to obtain a fitting function.

[0016] In a possible implementation, constructing a geological model of the target area includes:

[0017] Construct a geological model of the target area based on three-dimensional geological model software.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional geological model software includes one or more of PETREL, GOCAD, 3DMine, and PLAXIS 3D.

[0019] In a possible implementation, calculating the second distance from the grid in the geological model to the fault principal axis plane includes:

[0020] The main axis plane of each fault is used as the starting plane, and the grid of preset size is used as the basic unit;

[0021] Based on the starting surface and the basic unit, the distance from the grid in the model to the main axis of the fault is calculated.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the fitting function is expressed as:

[0023]

[0024] Where, Indicates the density of cracks, in units of m -1 ; Indicates the distance from the fault, in m; A Indicates the vibration amplitude of crack development; k Indicates the rate of change of crack development attenuation degree; ω Indicates the vibration frequency of crack development; b Indicates the baseline value of crack development.

[0025] In a possible implementation, obtaining a three-dimensional model of crack density of a fault body in a target area based on the fitting function and the second distance includes:

[0026] Substituting the input second distance into the fitting function to obtain the crack density;

[0027] Based on the crack density, a three-dimensional model of the fracture density of the target area is obtained.

[0028] In another aspect, the present application also provides a device for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a fractured body, comprising:

[0029] an image acquisition module, configured to acquire an outcrop image of a target area;

[0030] a fracture line density acquisition module, configured to mark fractures on the outcrop image of the target area and acquire a density of the fractures;

[0031] a scatter plot acquisition module, configured to obtain a scatter plot based on the density of the fractures and a first distance of the fractures from a fault;

[0032] a fitting function acquisition module, configured to fit data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function;

[0033] a geological model acquisition module, configured to construct a geological model of the target area;

[0034] a second distance acquisition module, configured to calculate a second distance of a grid in the geological model from a fault main axis surface;

[0035] a fracture density three-dimensional model acquisition module, configured to obtain a fracture density three-dimensional model of the fractured body in the target area based on the fitting function and the second distance.

[0036] In another aspect, the present application also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein,

[0037] the memory is configured to store a program;

[0038] the processor is coupled to the memory and configured to execute the program stored in the memory to implement steps in a method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a fractured body according to any one of the above-mentioned implementation manners.

[0039] In another aspect, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer readable programs or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, can implement steps in a method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a fractured body according to any one of the above-mentioned implementation manners.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application firstly acquires an outcrop image of a target area, then marks fractures on the outcrop image of the target area and acquires the density of the fractures, further obtains a scatter plot based on the density of the fractures and a first distance of the fractures from a fault, determines that the fracture density presents a fluctuation feature with the increase of the distance from the fault through the scatter plot, further fits the data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function, then constructs a geological model of the target area, calculates a second distance of a grid in the geological model to a fault main axis plane, and finally obtains a fracture density three-dimensional model of the target area based on the fitting function and the second distance. The present application quantitatively predicts the fracture density of the faulted fracture body through the scatter plot, establishes the fracture density three-dimensional model of the faulted fracture body, and quantitatively analyzes the fracture density through the scatter plot to more accurately depict the fracture density of the faulted fracture body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 An embodiment method flowchart of the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 An embodiment method flowchart of the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 A fracture density interpretation diagram of an outcrop of a target area in the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 A fracture density scatter plot of an outcrop of a target area in the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 A geological model of a target area in the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 A fracture density three-dimensional model diagram of an outcrop of a target area in the method for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 An embodiment flowchart schematic diagram of the device for constructing a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted fracture body provided by the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 An embodiment structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, wherein the drawings constitute a part of this application, and illustrate embodiments of the present application together with the principles of the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0050] The present application provides a construction method and device of a fractured body fracture density three-dimensional model and electronic equipment, which are described below.

[0051] Figure 1 An embodiment flow diagram of the construction method of the fractured body fracture density three-dimensional model provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1, which comprises the following steps. Figure 1

[0052] S101, obtaining an outcrop image of a target area;

[0053] S102, marking fractures on the outcrop image of the target area and obtaining fracture line density of the fractures;

[0054] S103, obtaining a scatter plot based on the fracture line density and a first distance of the fractures from a fault;

[0055] S104, fitting data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function;

[0056] S105, constructing a geological model of the target area;

[0057] S106, calculating a second distance of a grid in the geological model to a fault principal plane;

[0058] S107, obtaining a fractured body fracture density three-dimensional model of the target area based on the fitting function and the second distance.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the fractured body fracture density three-dimensional model provided by the present application firstly obtains an outcrop image of a target area, then marks fractures on the outcrop image of the target area and obtains fracture density, further obtains a scatter plot based on the fracture density and a first distance of the fractures from a fault, determines that the fracture density presents a fluctuation feature with the increase of the distance from the fault through the scatter plot, further fits data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function, then constructs a geological model of the target area, calculates a second distance of a grid in the geological model to a fault principal plane, and finally obtains a fractured body fracture density three-dimensional model of the target area based on the fitting function and the second distance. The present application quantitatively predicts the fractured body fracture density through the scatter plot, establishes a fractured body fracture density three-dimensional model, and quantitatively analyzes the fracture density through the scatter plot to more accurately depict the fractured body fracture density.

[0060] It should be noted that the method of the present application is performed on a computer terminal device.​

[0061] It should be noted that the fracture body has two forms of display, one is the natural outcrop in the field, and the other is the fracture body reservoir formed by the underground fracture.

[0062] In specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 The method for constructing the fracture body fracture density three-dimensional model specifically comprises the following steps:

[0063] Step one, the target area high-precision fracture body outcrop is constructed by the unmanned aerial vehicle and the high-precision three-dimensional laser scanner, and fracture interpretation is carried out to mark the fractures.

[0064] Step two, the density of the fractures is counted, and a scatter plot of the fracture density and the distance from the fault is made.

[0065] Step three, according to the fracture density scatter plot obtained in step two, it is determined that the fracture density presents a fluctuating decreasing characteristic every 20m-30m as the distance from the fault increases, and the preferred one-sided exponential decay cosine function and parameters are determined to ensure that they are consistent with the outcrop fracture density distribution;

[0066] Step four, the target area work area is established, the target area layer data and fault data are imported, and the traditional corner point grid modeling method is used to jointly establish the structural geological model of the fault and the layer grid.

[0067] Step five, the established fault model is used to calculate the distance of each grid in the model to the main shaft surface of the fault, taking the main shaft surface of each fault as the starting surface for distance calculation, and taking 2m 2m 1m grid as the basic unit.

[0068] Step six, based on the one-sided exponential decay cosine function and parameters selected in step three, the structural model established in step two and the distance of each grid to the fault calculated in step five, a fracture body fracture density three-dimensional model is established.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S101, the target area outcrop image is obtained, specifically including:

[0070] The target area high-precision fracture body outcrop is constructed by the unmanned aerial vehicle and the high-precision three-dimensional laser scanner, and fracture interpretation is carried out to mark the fractures.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S102, the fractures are marked on the target area outcrop image, and the fracture line density of the fractures is obtained, as shown in Figure 3 The fractures are marked on the target area outcrop image to obtain the fracture line density of the fractures.

[0072] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the fracture density of the target area has obvious regularity, that is, the right side is closer to the fault, and the fracture density is larger; the left side is farther away from the fault, and the fracture density is smaller, and the fracture density presents a decreasing characteristic of fluctuation every 20m-30m with the increase of the distance from the fault, and thus it is divided into a fracture zone with larger fracture density and a fracture zone with smaller fracture density, therefore, according to the fluctuation decreasing characteristic of the fracture density every 20m-30m with the increase of the distance from the fault obtained from the scatter diagram, a preferred single-side exponential decay cosine function and parameters are determined to ensure that it is consistent with the outcrop fracture density distribution.

[0073] The data on the scatter diagram are fitted based on a data processing and fitting software to obtain a fitting function.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 is a scatter diagram of outcrop fracture density according to the disclosed examples. As shown, Figure 4 with the measured fracture density as the standard, according to the actual situation that only in the fracture zone or the fracture zone with larger fracture density contains exploitable oil and gas in the oil and gas exploration process, the fracture densities of the first 11 points are selected to optimize different functions. By comparing the original fitting function with the optimized fitting function, it is found that the R 2 of the optimized function is 0.63, and the R 2 of the original optimized function is only 0.42, thus a single-side exponential decay cosine function is determined as the fitting function of the fracture density of the fault fracture body and the distance from the fault, and the expression of the fitting function is:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, represents the density of the fracture, and the unit is m -1 ; represents the distance from the fault, and the unit is m; A represents the fracture development vibration amplitude; k represents the fracture development attenuation degree change rate; ω represents the fracture development vibration frequency; b represents the fracture development reference value.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the geological model of the target area is constructed, comprising:

[0078] The geological model of the target area is constructed based on a three-dimensional geological model software.

[0079] Specifically, a work area of a target area is established, target area layer data and fault data are imported, and a traditional corner point grid modeling method is used to jointly establish a structural geological model of the faults and the layer grid, as shown in Figure 5 The geological model is shown in FIG. 1.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the three-dimensional geological model software includes one or more of PETREL, GOCAD, 3DMine, and PLAXIS 3D.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the calculating the second distance of the grid in the geological model to the fault main plane surface includes:

[0082] Taking each fault main plane surface as a starting surface and taking a preset size grid as a basic unit;

[0083] Based on the starting surface and the basic unit, the distance of the grid in the model to the fault main plane surface is calculated.

[0084] Specifically, based on the geological model, each fault main plane surface is taken as a starting surface for distance calculation, and a 2m*2m*1m grid is taken as a basic unit to calculate the distance of each grid in the model to the fault main plane surface.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 6 The target area fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model is shown in FIG. 2, and the target area fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model is obtained based on the fitting function and the second distance, including:

[0086] The input second distance is substituted into the fitting function to obtain the crack density;

[0087] The target area fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model is obtained based on the crack density.

[0088] In order to better implement the construction method of the fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model in the embodiments of the present application, on the basis of the construction method of the fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model, correspondingly, as shown in Figure 7 The present application also provides a construction device of a fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model, and the construction device 700 of the fault fissure body crack density three-dimensional model includes:

[0089] The image acquisition module 701 is configured to acquire the target area outcrop image.

[0090] The crack line density acquisition module 702 is configured to mark the cracks on the target area outcrop image and acquire the density of the cracks.

[0091] The scatter plot acquisition module 703 is configured to obtain a scatter plot based on the density of the cracks and the first distance of the cracks to the faults.

[0092] A fitting function acquisition module 704 is used to fit the data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function;

[0093] A geological model acquisition module 705 is used to construct a geological model of the target area;

[0094] A second distance acquisition module 706 is used to calculate a second distance from a grid in the geological model to the fault principal axis plane;

[0095] The three-dimensional crack density model acquisition module 707 is used to obtain a three-dimensional crack density model of the fault body in the target area based on the fitting function and the second distance.

[0096] The device 700 for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solution described in the above embodiment of a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body. The specific implementation principles of the above modules or units can be found in the corresponding contents in the above embodiment of a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] like Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 800. The electronic device 800 includes a processor 801, a memory 802 and a display 803. Figure 8 Only some of the components of the electronic device 800 are shown, but it should be understood that implementation of all of the shown components is not required, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0098] In some embodiments, the processor 801 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other data processing chip, configured to execute program codes or process data stored in the memory 802, such as a method for constructing a three-dimensional fracture density model of a fracture body in the present invention.

[0099] In some embodiments, processor 801 may be a single server or a server group. The server group may be centralized or distributed. In some embodiments, processor 801 may be local or remote. In some embodiments, processor 801 may be implemented on a cloud platform. In some embodiments, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an internal cloud, multiple clouds, or any combination thereof.

[0100] The memory 802 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 800, such as a hard disk or a memory of the electronic device 800 in some embodiments. The memory 802 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 800, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a Flash Card, and the like, equipped on the electronic device 800 in other embodiments.

[0101] Further, the memory 802 can include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the electronic device 800. The memory 802 is used to store application software and various data installed on the electronic device 800.

[0102] The display 803 can be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch liquid crystal display, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch, and the like in some embodiments. The display 803 is used to display information of the electronic device 800 and to display a visualized user interface. The components 801-803 of the electronic device 800 communicate with each other through a system bus.

[0103] In an embodiment, the following steps can be implemented when the processor 801 executes a construction program of a fracture density three-dimensional model of a faulted body in the memory 802:

[0104] Obtaining an outcrop image of a target area in the field;

[0105] Marking fractures on the outcrop image of the target area and obtaining a density of the fractures;

[0106] Obtaining a scatter plot based on the density of the fractures and a first distance of the fractures from a fault;

[0107] Fitting data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function;

[0108] Constructing a geological model of the target area;

[0109] Calculating a second distance of a grid in the geological model to a principal plane of the fault;

[0110] Obtaining a fracture density three-dimensional model of the target area based on the fitting function and the second distance.

[0111] It should be understood that, in addition to the above functions, the processor 801 can also implement other functions when executing the construction program of the fracture density three-dimensional model of the faulted body in the memory 802. For details, refer to the description of the corresponding method embodiments.

[0112] Further, the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitation on the type of the electronic device 800 mentioned above, and the electronic device 800 can be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, etc. Exemplary embodiments of the portable electronic device include, but are not limited to, a portable electronic device running an IOS, an android, a microsoft, or other operating system. The portable electronic device described above can also be other portable electronic devices such as a laptop computer having a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel), etc. It should also be understood that in some other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 800 can also not be a portable electronic device, but a desktop computer having a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel).

[0113] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware by a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium includes a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.

[0114] The above description is merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body, characterized in that: include: Acquire field outcrop images of the target area; Mark the cracks on the field outcrop image of the target area and obtain the density of the cracks; obtaining a scatter plot based on the density of the cracks and a first distance between the cracks and the fault; Fitting the data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function; Constructing a geological model of the target area; Calculating a second distance from a grid in the geological model to a main axis of the fault; Based on the fitting function and the second distance, a three-dimensional model of crack density of the fault body in the target area is obtained; The calculating the second distance from the grid in the geological model to the fault principal axis plane includes: The main axis plane of each fault is used as the starting plane, and the grid of preset size is used as the basic unit; Based on the starting surface and the basic unit, calculating the distance from the grid in the model to the main axis of the fault; The expression of the fitting function is: Where, Indicates the density of cracks, in units of m -1 ; Indicates the distance from the fault, in m; A Indicates the vibration amplitude of crack development; k Indicates the rate of change of crack development attenuation degree; ω Indicates the vibration frequency of crack development; b Indicates the baseline value of crack development.

2. The method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of fitting the data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function includes: The data on the scatter plot are fitted based on data processing and fitting software to obtain a fitting function.

3. The method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing a geological model of the target area includes: Construct a geological model of the target area based on three-dimensional geological model software.

4. The method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-dimensional geological model software includes one or more of PETREL, GOCAD, 3DMine and PLAXIS 3D.

5. The method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a three-dimensional model of crack density of a fault body in a target area based on the fitting function and the second distance includes: Substituting the input second distance into the fitting function to obtain the crack density; Based on the crack density, a three-dimensional model of the fracture density of the target area is obtained.

6. A device for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body, characterized in that: include: Image acquisition module, used to obtain field outcrop images of target areas; The fracture line density acquisition module is used to mark fractures on the field outcrop image of the target area and obtain the density of the fractures; a scatter plot acquisition module, configured to obtain a scatter plot based on the density of the cracks and a first distance between the cracks and the fault; A fitting function acquisition module, used for fitting the data on the scatter plot to obtain a fitting function; A geological model acquisition module is used to construct a geological model of the target area; A second distance acquisition module is used to calculate a second distance from a grid in the geological model to a main axis of the fault; a three-dimensional crack density model acquisition module, configured to obtain a three-dimensional crack density model of a fault body in a target area based on the fitting function and the second distance; The calculating the second distance from the grid in the geological model to the fault principal axis plane includes: The main axis plane of each fault is used as the starting plane, and the grid of preset size is used as the basic unit; Based on the starting surface and the basic unit, calculating the distance from the grid in the model to the main axis of the fault; The expression of the fitting function is: Where, Indicates the density of cracks, in units of m -1 ; Indicates the distance from the fault, in m; A Indicates the vibration amplitude of crack development; k Indicates the rate of change of crack development attenuation degree; ω Indicates the vibration frequency of crack development; b Indicates the baseline value of crack development.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: comprising a memory and a processor, wherein, The memory is used to store programs; The processor is coupled to the memory and is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps in the method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that Used to store computer-readable programs or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps in the method for constructing a three-dimensional model of fracture density of a fracture body as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 above.

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