Design method of steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment. The size of the comprehensive equipment is determined according to available space of a site near an existing laboratory and budget construction cost; determining the structural system composition of the comprehensive equipment according to the civil steel structure theory and the main teaching content of the practice course, and carrying out the structural scheme design; according to the determined structural scheme and the load size, structural knowledge is used for structural calculation and construction drawing design, the sectional dimensions of beams, columns, plates and other components are determined, and a foundation is determined; according to experiment teaching content in steel structure practice and relative positions of laboratory test equipment and the comprehensive equipment, test point arrangement and wire distribution of the comprehensive equipment are designed; according to user requirements, comprehensive equipment schemes of different structure modules are selected. According to the invention, a theoretical teaching model, design practice teaching and experiment teaching are integrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of civil engineering steel structure teaching. Based on the basic theory of steel structure design, a comprehensive civil steel structure teaching equipment is proposed, which integrates the physical models for theoretical teaching, the engineering physical models for design practice, and the specimens for experimental teaching. Moreover, different modules of the comprehensive civil steel structure teaching equipment can be realized according to different user requirements. Background Art

[0002] Teaching models play an important auxiliary role in teaching steel structures with complex and cumbersome connection structures. To a great extent, they solve the defect that students have poor spatial imagination and thus poor learning effects. However, most current teaching models in colleges and universities are not only few in type but also mostly small-sized models. Practice is an important link in civil engineering. However, at present, the experimental teaching content of steel structures in most colleges and universities is scarce, mostly including angle steel trusses and portal frames. At the same time, in the structural design practice link, students often cannot find reference engineering actual practices, resulting in poor quality of design construction drawings, which seriously affects the quality of design practice teaching. Large-sized teaching models, experimental types, and examples of engineering actual practices are of great significance for improving the cultivation of students' engineering abilities.

[0003] In recent years, the state has vigorously promoted the development of green and environmentally friendly prefabricated buildings and the development of intelligent construction majors that combine traditional civil engineering and information technology. As a result, the current teaching methods and teaching equipment for steel structure theory and practice are difficult to meet the needs of cultivating new-type civil steel structure talents. For example, the content of the steel structure experiment link is too little. Another example is that in the design practice link, due to the lack of reference engineering specific practices, the course design content of students is scarce, and they dare not choose steel structure topics for graduation design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing civil steel structure theory and practice teaching in colleges and universities, such as the lack of reference physical objects and scarce experimental teaching content, the present invention proposes a design method for a comprehensive civil steel structure teaching equipment that integrates theoretical teaching models, design practice teaching, and experimental teaching, aiming to strengthen the cultivation of students' engineering abilities and engineering qualities. Based on the basic knowledge of steel structures, a design method for a comprehensive civil steel structure teaching and training equipment is proposed, which integrates the physical models for theoretical teaching, the engineering physical models for design practice, and the specimens for experimental teaching. Moreover, the comprehensive equipment can cover the types of structural components required for the main teaching content of steel structures in a limited space. In addition, the present invention adopts a modular scheme, and the teaching equipment of different modules can meet the requirements of different customers.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A design method for a comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Determine the size of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to the available space near the existing laboratory, and design the length, width, and height of the comprehensive equipment in plan view.

[0008] Step S2: Determine the composition of the structural system of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to the teaching content of civil steel structure theory courses and practice courses (including design practice and independent experiments), and conduct structural scheme design. The structural scheme should not only be reasonably stressed but also cover the structural and component types in the steel structure teaching content.

[0009] Step S3: According to the determined structural scheme and load magnitude, use structural knowledge to conduct structural calculations and construction drawing design, determine the cross-sectional dimensions of components such as beams, columns, and slabs, design steel structure connection nodes, and the node types should cover as many common node types and their practices in engineering practice as possible, including beam-column nodes, primary-secondary beam nodes, and column-truss nodes. Finally, conduct foundation design.

[0010] Step S4: According to the experimental teaching content in the steel structure practice session and the relative positions of the laboratory testing equipment and this comprehensive equipment, conduct the measuring point layout and wire distribution of the comprehensive equipment.

[0011] Step S5: Select the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment scheme with different structural composition modules according to user requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, in Step S1, as a scaled-down building structure model, the plane size and height of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment depend on the available space near the existing laboratory. And this comprehensive equipment has the function of experimental teaching, and should be convenient for attaching various testing devices for testing and for data transmission to the nearby laboratory computer room and acquisition system.

[0013] Still further, in Step S2, when using steel structure design knowledge to conduct the structural scheme design of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment, the comprehensive equipment should be reasonably stressed in structure, and the composed structural system should cover the main structures and component types in the steel structure teaching content, including portal frames, roof trusses, floor slabs, columns, beams, and combined purlins, and reserved bolt holes for applying load during experimental teaching.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, according to the determined structural scheme and the "Load Code for the Design of Building Structures" (GB50009-2012), structural calculations and construction drawing design are carried out using structural knowledge to determine the cross-sectional dimensions of steel beams, steel columns, purlins and floor slabs, as well as various steel structure connection nodes, and foundation design is carried out. Different codes are selected for structural design according to the structural type. For example, the portal frame and its beam-column bolt end plate nodes are designed according to the "Technical Code for Light-Steel Buildings with Gabled Frames" (GB51022-2015), and the steel frame structure and its beam-column nodes and primary-secondary beam nodes are designed according to the "Standard for the Design of Steel Structures" (GB50017-2017).

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, when the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment is used for experimental teaching, the test points on it should be arranged according to the requirements of the steel structure experimental teaching content, and it is convenient for the data obtained from the test to be transmitted to the laboratory acquisition instrument and the computer. The wire arrangement for data transmission should be relatively concealed and not affect the aesthetics of the teaching equipment.

[0016] More preferably, in step S5, according to the user's needs, the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment adopts different modules. Among them, the first module consists of a portal frame, a steel frame, a light roof system, a reinforced truss floor slab, and a steel staircase. The first module can meet the theoretical teaching and experiments of the beam, column, purlin and support components of the steel structure, and can also be used for the theoretical teaching, experiments and design practice of portal frames, steel frames, reinforced truss floor slabs, steel staircases, various beam-column nodes and various primary-secondary beam nodes; the second module adds a space grid structure and a pipe truss structure on the basis of the first module. In addition to completing the functions of the first module, the second module can also realize the theoretical teaching, independent experiments and design practice of space structures, realize the comparison of the mechanical properties of space structures and plane structures, realize the design practice teaching of local two-story building structures, realize the theoretical and practical teaching of new pipe truss structures, and compare the mechanical properties of pipe trusses and traditional angle steel trusses; the third module adds 1 steel skybridge, 1 profiled steel sheet-concrete composite floor slab, 2 types of pipe truss structures and a rotating steel staircase on the basis of the second module, realizing a comprehensive coverage of all theoretical teaching contents and practical teaching contents at the undergraduate stage, and enabling teachers and students to "stay in the college" and see all common steel structure engineering types in engineering.

[0017] The design method of the steel structure teaching comprehensive equipment of the present invention refers to integrating the types of structural components required for the main teaching contents of steel structures such as steel frames, portal frames and various connection nodes in a relatively small space, and the teaching equipment has the dual functions of physical display and independent experiment for theoretical and practical teaching. At the same time, the teaching equipment adopts modularization and can select different modules according to the user's needs.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested as follows: The present invention is used to provide a comprehensive civil steel structure teaching and practice equipment integrating theoretical teaching models, design practice teaching, and experimental teaching for teachers and students majoring in civil engineering in civil engineering colleges. According to the needs of users, multiple modules are proposed. The present invention is used to enhance the cultivation of the engineering qualities and engineering abilities of undergraduates majoring in civil engineering in institutions of higher learning. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first module solution and application example for the method of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the first-floor plan of the first module solution, (b) is the second-floor plan of the first module solution, (c) is the layout diagram of the roof support system of the first module solution, (d) is the layout diagram of the roof slab and purlins of the first module solution, (e) is the sectional view in the A-A direction of (a), figure (f) is the sectional view in the B-B direction of figure (a), (g) is the sectional view in the C-C direction of (a), and (h) is the sectional view in the D-D direction of (a). The first module covers various components such as columns, beams, and purlins in single-story portal frames and multi-story steel frames, as well as related connection nodes, and can meet the theoretical teaching, design practice, and experiments of the basic content of civil steel structures.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the upgraded second module solution and application example for the method of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the first-floor plan of the second module, (b) is the second-floor plan of the second module solution, (c) is the layout diagram of the roof support system and grid structure of the second module solution, and (d) is the layout diagram of the roof slab and purlins of the second module solution. The second module adds the grid structure, a typical representative of space structures, on the basis of the first module, and increases the teaching, design practice, and experimental content of space steel structures.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upgraded third module solution and application example for the method of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the first-floor plan of the third module, (b) is the second-floor plan of the first module solution, (c) is the layout diagram of the roof support system and grid structure of the third module solution, and (d) is the layout diagram of the roof slab and purlins of the third module solution. The third module is the most complete and comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice teaching equipment, covering the most common steel structures in engineering, namely portal frames, steel frames, and grids, as well as their connection node practices. At the same time, there are also rotating steel stairs and various floor structures.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the design method of a comprehensive civil steel structure teaching and practice equipment.

[0023] The reference numerals are as follows: existing laboratory wall 1, I-shaped steel column 2, rectangular steel pipe column 3, steel staircase 4, steel railing 5, reinforced truss concrete floor slab 6, floor slab with exposed reinforced truss due to uncast concrete 7, variable-section inclined beam of portal frame 8, beam-column bolt end plate joint 9, square steel pipe truss 10, C-shaped purlin 11, light steel roof panel 12, steel main beam 13, bolt-welded joint of I-shaped steel column and I-shaped steel beam 14, equal-section inclined beam of steel frame 15, steel secondary beam 16, profiled steel sheet wall panel 17, rigid tie rod 18, roof horizontal bracing 19, grid 20, bracket on steel column for supporting roof steel beam 21, rotating steel staircase 22, profiled steel sheet-concrete composite floor slab 23, uncast composite floor slab 24, corridor 25, circular steel pipe truss 26, outer ring plate joint of rectangular steel pipe column and steel beam 27, anchor bolt 28, high-strength bolt 29, primary-secondary beam joint 30, inclined beam splicing joint of portal frame 31, strain and displacement measuring points for experimental teaching 32. Specific embodiments

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Refer to Figures 1 to 4 , a design method for a comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step S1, determine the size of the comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment according to the available space size near the existing laboratory, and design the length, width and height of the plane of the comprehensive equipment;

[0027] As a reduced building structure model, the plane size and height of the comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment depend on the available space size near the existing laboratory, and this comprehensive equipment has the function of experimental teaching, and should be convenient for attaching various testing devices for testing and for data to the nearby laboratory computer room and acquisition system.

[0028] Step S2, determine the structural system composition of the comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment according to the teaching content of civil engineering steel structure theory courses and practice courses (including design practice and independent experiments), and conduct structural scheme design. The structural scheme should not only be reasonably stressed but also cover the structural and component types in the steel structure teaching content;

[0029] When conducting the structural scheme design of the comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment by using steel structure design knowledge, the comprehensive equipment should be reasonably stressed in structure, and the structural system it forms should cover the main structures and component types in the steel structure teaching content, including portal frames, roof trusses, floor slabs, columns, beams and purlins, and bolt holes should be reserved for applying load during experimental teaching.

[0030] Step S3: According to the determined structural scheme and load magnitude, perform structural calculations and construction drawing design using structural knowledge, determine the cross-sectional dimensions of components such as beams, columns, and slabs, design steel structure connection joints, and the joint types should cover as many common joint types and their practices in engineering practice as possible, including beam-column joints, primary-secondary beam joints, and column-truss joints, and finally perform foundation design.

[0031] According to the determined structural scheme and the "Load Code for the Design of Building Structures" (GB50009-2012), perform structural calculations and construction drawing design using structural knowledge, determine the cross-sectional dimensions of steel beams, steel columns, purlins, and floor slabs, as well as various steel structure connection joints, and perform foundation design. Select different codes for structural design according to the structural type. For example, the portal frame and its beam-column bolted end plate joints are designed according to the "Technical Code for Light-Steel Buildings with Gabled Frames" (GB51022-2015), and the steel frame structure and its beam-column joints, primary-secondary beam joints are designed according to the "Standard for the Design of Steel Structures" (GB50017-2017).

[0032] Step S4: According to the experimental teaching content in the steel structure practice session, the relative positions of the laboratory test equipment and this comprehensive equipment, arrange the measuring points and distribute the wires of the comprehensive equipment.

[0033] When the comprehensive equipment for steel structure teaching and practice is used for experimental teaching, the test points on it should be arranged according to the requirements of the steel structure experimental teaching content, and it should be convenient for the data obtained from the tests to be transmitted to the laboratory acquisition instrument and the computer. The wire arrangement for data transmission should be relatively concealed without affecting the aesthetics of the teaching equipment.

[0034] Step S5: According to the user's needs, select the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment scheme with different structural composition modules.

[0035] According to user requirements, the comprehensive steel structure teaching and practice equipment adopts different modules. Among them, the first module consists of a portal frame, a steel frame, a light roof system, a reinforced truss floor slab, and a steel staircase. The first module can meet the theoretical teaching and experiments of beams, columns, purlins, and support members in steel structures, and can also be used for the theoretical teaching, experiments, and design practice of portal frames, steel frames, reinforced truss floor slabs, steel staircases, various beam-column joints, and various primary-secondary beam joints; on the basis of the first module, the second module adds a space grid structure and a pipe truss structure. In addition to completing the functions of the first module, the second module can also realize the theoretical teaching, independent experiments, and design practice of space structures, compare the mechanical properties of space structures and plane structures, realize the design practice teaching of local two-story building structures, and realize the theoretical and practical teaching of new pipe truss structures and compare the mechanical properties of pipe trusses and traditional angle steel trusses; on the basis of the second module, the third module adds 1 steel skybridge, 1 profiled steel sheet-concrete composite floor slab, 2 types of pipe truss structures, and a rotating steel staircase, comprehensively covering all theoretical teaching content and practical teaching content in the undergraduate stage, enabling teachers and students to "stay within the college" and see all common steel structure engineering types in engineering.

[0036] Based on the basic theories of steel structures and composite structures, aiming at the defects such as the difficult teaching of steel structures in civil engineering majors in many current colleges and universities, poor teaching effects in design practice, and few experimental teaching contents, and in the spirit of cost savings and making the best use of existing laboratories, this invention proposes to build a comprehensive civil steel structure teaching equipment integrating theoretical teaching models, design practice teaching, and experimental teaching on a relatively small piece of land to enhance the cultivation of undergraduates' engineering qualities and engineering capabilities. This invention first determines the module scheme, and then calculates and determines the dimensions of each component of the module according to the existing site conditions of the laboratory and the set loads using steel structure knowledge. Each component is processed and manufactured according to the design results, and then assembled at a safe distance next to the outer wall 1 of the existing laboratory. For example, if the most basic module 1 is selected, then two I-beam columns 2 and two rectangular steel pipe columns 3, one steel staircase 4, three steel railings 5, several reinforced truss concrete floor slabs 6, one floor slab 7 with the concrete not poured and the reinforced truss exposed, two variable-section inclined beams 8 of the portal frame, two square steel pipe trusses 10, multiple C-shaped purlins 11, several light steel roof panels 12, four steel main beams 13, one equal-section inclined beam 15 of the steel frame, two steel secondary beams 16, several profiled steel sheet wall panels 17, one rigid tie rod 18, four roof horizontal supports 19, several anchor bolts 28, and high-strength bolts 29 need to be manufactured; during installation, first splice the two variable-section inclined beams 8 of the portal frame together through high-strength bolts 29 and then connect them to the two I-beam columns 2. The two I-beam columns 2 are then connected to one steel main beam 13 at the second-floor elevation, thus forming a two-story portal frame containing two beam-column bolt end plate joints 9, two I-beam column-I-beam beam bolt-welded joints 14, and one inclined beam splicing joint 31, that isFigure 1 e; then two rectangular steel tube columns 3, a steel main beam 13, and a steel frame equal-section inclined beam 15 are connected at the second floor elevation and the roof elevation through an outer ring plate and high-strength bolts 29 to form a two-story steel frame containing four rectangular steel tube column-steel beam outer ring plate nodes 27, that is, Figure 1 g; then a two-story portal frame and a two-story steel frame are anchored on the foundation with anchor bolts 28, and the I-beam columns 2 of the portal frame and the rectangular steel pipe columns 3 of the steel frame are connected at the second floor elevation and the roof elevation with steel main beams 13 and steel pipe trusses 10 respectively; then two steel secondary beams 16 are connected to the steel main beams 13 at the second floor elevation to form a main-secondary beam connection node 30, and a number of steel truss concrete floor slabs 6 and a floor slab 7 with no concrete poured and exposed steel trusses are laid on the main beams 13 and the secondary beams 16, and a variable-section inclined beam 8 of the portal frame and the steel frame with equal cross-section are laid on the main beams 13 and the secondary beams 16. A rigid tie rod 18 and four horizontal roof supports 19 are arranged between the inclined beams 15, and both ends of each C-shaped purlin 11 are supported on the portal frame variable-section inclined beam 8 and the steel frame equal-section inclined beam 15 respectively. A number of light steel roof panels 12 are laid on the C-shaped purlin 11, and a number of corrugated steel wall panels 17 are installed on the square steel tube truss 10; finally, the steel staircase 4 and steel handrails 5 are arranged according to the structural plan, and a series of measuring points 32 are arranged at the portal steel frame inclined beams and rigid frame columns, steel frame beams and rectangular steel tube columns, and secondary beams, and are connected to the nearby laboratory computer room and data acquisition instruments. In this way, a comprehensive teaching and practice equipment for civil steel structures can be formed on a small and limited site, which consists of a portal frame, a steel frame, two steel tube trusses, a steel staircase, a steel truss floor, a light steel roof and its supporting system, multiple beam-column bolt end plate nodes, multiple steel tube column-steel beam outer ring plate nodes, and multiple primary and secondary beam nodes. It can basically meet the theoretical and practical teaching (including experiments and design practices) of all common steel structures and their components in all projects except spatial steel structure systems.

[0037] The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely enumerations of implementation forms of the inventive concept and are for illustrative purposes only. The protection scope of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to the specific forms described in this embodiment, and the protection scope of the present invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be thought of by ordinary technicians in this field based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A design method for comprehensive equipment for steel structure teaching and practice, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, determining the size of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to the available space near the existing laboratory, and designing the plane length, width and height of the comprehensive equipment; Step S2, determining the structural system composition of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to the teaching contents of the civil steel structure theory course and practice course (including design practice and independent experiment), and performing structural scheme design, the structural scheme should not only be reasonable in force but also cover the types of structures and components in the steel structure teaching contents; Step S3, according to the determined structural scheme and load size, use structural knowledge to perform structural calculations and construction drawing design, determine the cross-sectional dimensions of components such as beams, columns, and plates, and design steel structure connection nodes. The node types should cover common node types and their practices in engineering practice as much as possible, including beam-column nodes, primary and secondary beam nodes, and column-truss nodes, and finally perform foundation design; Step S4, arranging the measuring points and the conductor distribution of the comprehensive equipment according to the experimental teaching content in the steel structure practice link, the relative positions of the laboratory test equipment and the comprehensive equipment; Step S5, selecting a steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment solution with different structural component modules according to user needs.

2. The design method of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment is used as a reduced building structure model, and its plane size and height depend on the size of the available space near the existing laboratory. In addition, the comprehensive equipment has experimental teaching functions and should be easy to attach various test devices for testing and to facilitate data transmission to nearby laboratory computer rooms and collection systems.

3. The design method of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S2, when using steel structure design knowledge to design the structural scheme of the comprehensive equipment for steel structure teaching and practice, the comprehensive equipment should have a reasonable structural force, and its structural system covers the main structures and component types in the steel structure teaching content, including portal frames, roof trusses, floor slabs, columns, beams and mixed purlins, and reserved bolt holes for applying loads during experimental teaching.

4. The design method of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S3, according to the determined structural scheme and the Code for Loads on Building Structures (GB50009-2012), structural knowledge is used to perform structural calculations and construction drawing design, determine the cross-sectional dimensions of steel beams, steel columns, purlins and floor components, and various steel structure connection nodes, and perform foundation design, and select different specifications for structural design according to the structure type.

5. The design method of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S4, when the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment is used for experimental teaching, the test points thereon should be arranged according to the requirements of the steel structure experimental teaching content, and it is convenient to transmit the test data to the laboratory acquisition instrument and computer, and the wire arrangement used for data transmission should be relatively concealed so as not to affect the aesthetics of the teaching equipment.

6. The design method of the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S5, according to user needs, the steel structure teaching and practice comprehensive equipment adopts different modules, wherein the first module is composed of a portal frame, a steel frame, a light roof system, a steel truss floor, and a steel staircase. The first module can meet the theoretical teaching and experiment of beams, columns, purlins and supporting components of steel structures, and can also be used for the theoretical teaching, experiment, and design practice of portal frames, steel frames, steel truss floors, steel stairs, various beam-column nodes, and various primary and secondary beam nodes; the second module adds a space grid structure and a tube truss structure on the basis of the first module. In addition to completing the functions of the first module, this module can also realize theoretical teaching, independent experiments and design practice of spatial structures, compare the differences in stress performance between spatial structures and plane structures, realize practical teaching of local two-story building structure design, realize theoretical and practical teaching of new tube truss structures, and compare the stress performance of tube trusses and traditional angle steel trusses. The third module adds one steel overpass, one corrugated steel plate-concrete composite floor, two types of tube truss structures, and a spiral steel staircase to the second module, so as to fully cover all theoretical teaching content and practical teaching content in the undergraduate stage.

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