Triploid grape rapid breeding technology

Abstract

The invention provides a triploid grape rapid breeding technology, and relates to the technical field of grape planting trellis, the triploid grape rapid breeding technology comprises a supporting plate, the upper end of the supporting plate is fixedly provided with a plurality of grape planting pots, the supporting plate is provided with supporting assemblies with the same number as the grape planting pots, and the supporting assemblies are slidably installed on the supporting plate; the supporting assembly comprises a sliding seat and supporting rods, the supporting rods are in an arc shape and are located above the grape planting pots, connecting cylinders are symmetrically and rotationally installed at the two ends of the sliding seat, and the height and the distance of the supporting rods are properly adjusted, so that grape branches fixed to the supporting rods can be in the form of different high and low layers, and the grape planting pots are fixed to the supporting rods. Compared with the prior art, the grape planting pot has the advantages that a certain height difference exists, and a certain distance exists between the grape branch rods fixed on the supporting rods, so that the condition that branches and leaves on the grape branch rods shield each other can be effectively prevented, air circulation and sunlight irradiation are more facilitated, and growth of roots of grapes planted in the grape planting pot is more facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of grape planting frames, and more specifically, particularly relates to a rapid breeding technology for triploid grapes. Background Art

[0002] Pot grape planting frames are usually used for planting grapes in limited spaces. Potted grapes not only have edible value but also have high ornamental value, playing an important role in beautifying and greening the environment. In recent years, potted grapes, due to their convenient movement, as a special cultivation method, have been increasingly favored by people.

[0003] However, there are still some deficiencies in the existing rapid breeding technology for triploid grapes: 1. Before the grapes grow and take shape, it is not convenient to lay a film to provide a suitable growth environment for the growth of grapes. After the grapes grow and take shape, it is not convenient to guide and support the growth of grape branches. 2. During the process of planting potted grapes, the branches and leaves on multiple grape branches will block each other, which is not conducive to sunlight shining on the roots of grapes, so that sufficient sunlight and air circulation cannot be provided for grapes, and it does not help the grapes to grow well. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rapid breeding technology for triploid grapes to solve the above problems.

[0005] A rapid breeding technology for triploid grapes includes a support plate. A plurality of grape planting pots are fixedly installed at the upper end of the support plate. A support component with the same number as the grape planting pots is arranged on the support plate. The support component is slidably installed on the support plate. The support component includes a sliding seat and a support rod. The support rod is arc-shaped and is located above the grape planting pot. Connecting cylinders are symmetrically and rotatably installed at both ends of the sliding seat. Plug rods are rotatably installed in each connecting cylinder. Extension rods are symmetrically and fixedly installed at both ends of the support rod. The two extension rods are respectively inserted into the two plug rods movably. Blocks are fixedly installed at the opposite ends of the two plug rods. Through grooves are formed on the surface of each connecting cylinder, and clamping grooves adapted to the blocks are equidistantly formed on the inner wall of each through groove. An adjusting component is arranged on the connecting cylinder at the front side. The adjusting component includes a fixed sleeve. A limiting component is arranged on the front side of the sliding seat. The limiting component includes a push rod and a blocking block.

[0006] Preferably, support legs are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom end of the support plate. Three sliding rods are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the bottom of the support plate. A sliding groove adapted to the three sliding rods is formed on the bottom surface of the sliding seat. The sliding seat is movably sleeved on the three sliding rods. Screws are screwed onto each of the inserting rods, and the two extension rods are respectively fixedly connected to the inserting rods by screws.

[0007] Preferably, circular holes are formed on both sides of the surface of the sliding seat. Annular grooves are formed on the inner walls of each of the circular holes. The bottom ends of the two connecting cylinders respectively penetrate through the circular holes movably. A limiting ring adapted to the circular hole is fixedly sleeved at the bottom end of each of the connecting cylinders. The two limiting rings are respectively installed in the circular holes. Gear One is fixedly installed at the bottom end of each of the two connecting cylinders. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed at the bottom of the sliding seat. Gear Two is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. Gear Two meshes with the front Gear One. A transmission belt is sleeved on Gear Two and the rear Gear One. The fixed sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the front connecting cylinder. A pushing block is fixedly installed on the fixed sleeve. A fixed rod is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the sliding seat. Arc Rod One is fixedly installed on the fixed rod. Arc Rod One penetrates through the pushing block movably. Arc Spring One is movably sleeved on Arc Rod One. The pushing block is fixedly connected to the fixed rod through Arc Spring One.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting groove is formed on the surface of the sliding seat. The push rod is L-shaped. The upper end of the push rod penetrates through the connecting groove movably. A connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the push rod. The connecting shaft is rotatably installed in the connecting groove. The push rod is fixedly connected to the blocking block. The upper surface of the blocking block is a rough surface. The bottom surface of the middle sliding rod is a rough surface. The upper surface of the avoidance groove is closely attached to the bottom surface of the sliding rod. A group of avoidance grooves are formed on the upper surface of the blocking block. Arc Rod Two penetrates through the middle of the push rod movably. Arc Rod Two is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding seat. A stop block is fixedly connected to one end of Arc Rod Two. Arc Spring Two is movably sleeved on Arc Rod Two. The push rod is fixedly connected to the stop block through Arc Spring Two.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, by fixing grape branches on a support rod using common fixing tools such as iron wires or ropes, the support rod provides support for the grape branches, preventing the grape branches from breaking in strong wind weather. With multiple grape planting pots and sliding seats installed on the support plate, it is possible to plant multiple grapes simultaneously and provide support for the grape branches. Before the grapes grow and take shape, through the arrangement of multiple sliding seats, and each sliding seat is arc-shaped, it is convenient to lay a film on the multiple sliding seats. The multiple sliding seats provide good support for the film, and using conventional tools such as buckles to fix the film can provide a better growth environment for the grapes before they grow and take shape, contributing to the good growth of the grapes. After the grapes grow and take shape, the grape planting pots can also provide support for the grape branches, improving the utilization rate.

[0010] In the present invention, by slidingly installing the support assembly on the support plate, the sliding seat and the support rod can slide on the support plate, enabling adjustment of the distance between the sliding seat and the grapes planted in the grape planting pots. By connecting the support rod to two insertion rods, and the two insertion rods are movably inserted into the connecting cylinder, the height between the support rod and the grapes planted in the grape planting pots can be adjusted, facilitating better guiding and supporting of the growth of the grape branches, and the use effect is better.

[0011] In the present invention, by pushing the upper end of the push rod, the push rod rotates around the connecting shaft, causing the position of the push rod to deflect, and thus the position of the blocking block to deflect, so that the blocking block no longer closely adheres to the surface of the middle sliding rod. Then, the sliding seat and the support rod can slide smoothly on the support plate, thereby adjusting the distance between adjacent support rods, and also appropriately adjusting the distance between the grape branches fixed on the support rods, reducing the area of mutual shading of the leaves on the grape branches, facilitating sunlight to shine on the grape roots, providing sufficient sunlight and air circulation for the grapes, contributing to better growth, and increasing the saturation of the grape fruits. The arc-shaped spring two sleeved movably on the second arc-shaped rod is used to reset the push rod and the blocking block, and the structural design is reasonable and easy to use.

[0012] In the present invention, by pushing the push block, the fixed sleeve drives the connecting cylinder at the front side to rotate. By the rotation of the front side connecting cylinder, the gear one at the bottom rotates. Since gear one meshes with gear two, and a transmission belt is sleeved on gear two and the gear one at the rear side, the two connecting cylinders can be rotated simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two connecting cylinders are opposite. By the rotation of the two connecting cylinders, the two clamping blocks are respectively disengaged from the clamping grooves and are in the through grooves. The user pushes the support rod upward, causing the support rod to move upward. After moving to an appropriate height, the push block is released, and by the reset action of the first arc-shaped rod, the two connecting cylinders are reset, causing the two clamping blocks to be respectively clamped in the clamping grooves, completing the locking of the position after the height adjustment of the support rod. When adjusting the height of the support rod, only by pushing the push block at the front side can the two connecting cylinders be rotated simultaneously, thereby adjusting the height of the support rod, and one person can perform the operation and adjustment, which is more convenient.

[0013] In the present invention, by appropriately adjusting the height and spacing of the support rod, the grape branch rods fixed on the support rod will present a state with uneven levels, having a certain height difference, and there is a certain spacing between the grape branch rods fixed on the support rod, which can effectively prevent the situation where the branches and leaves on the grape branch rods block each other, is more conducive to the air circulation and sunlight irradiation, and is more conducive to the growth of the grape roots planted in the grape planting pots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the rapid breeding technology of triploid grapes of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the bottom of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the support assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the sliding seat of the present invention; Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the support rod of the present invention; Figure 6 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the sliding seat of the present invention; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the push rod of the present invention; Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed sleeve of the present invention; Figure 9 is the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A.

[0015] In the figure, the correspondence between the component names and the drawing reference numbers is as follows: 1. Support plate; 11. Grape planting pot; 12. Support leg; 13. Slide bar; 3. Support assembly; 31. Slide seat; 32. Support rod; 33. Extension rod; 34. Slide groove; 35. Connection groove; 36. Circular hole; 37. Annular groove; 4. Plug rod; 41. Clamping block; 42. Screw; 5. Connection cylinder; 51. Through groove; 52. Card slot; 53. Limiting ring; 54. Gear 1; 6. Fixed sleeve; 61. Pushing block; 62. Fixed rod; 63. Arc rod 1; 64. Arc spring 1; 7. Push rod; 71. Connection shaft; 72. Arc rod 2; 73. Block; 74. Arc spring 2; 8. Blocking block; 81. Avoidance groove; 9. Rotating shaft; 91. Gear 2; 92. Transmission belt. Detailed implementation mode

[0016] The following further describes in detail the implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0017] Please refer to Figures 1 - 9The present invention provides a triploid grape rapid breeding technology, comprising a support plate 1, a plurality of grape planting pots 11 are fixedly installed on the upper end of the support plate 1, a support assembly 3 having the same number as the grape planting pots 11 is arranged on the support plate 1, the support assembly 3 is slidably installed on the support plate 1, the support assembly 3 comprises a slide seat 31 and a support rod 32, the support rod 32 is arc-shaped, the support rod 32 is located above the grape planting pot 11, connecting tubes 5 are symmetrically rotatably installed at both ends of the slide seat 31, an insertion rod 4 is rotatably installed in each connecting tube 5, extension rods 33 are symmetrically fixedly installed at both ends of the support rod 32, the two extension rods 33 are movably inserted into the two insertion rods 4 respectively, and a card block 41 is fixedly installed at both ends of the two insertion rods 4 that are away from each other, and the surface of each connecting tube 5 is A through slot 51 is provided, and a card slot 52 matching the card block 41 is provided on the inner wall of each through slot 51 at an equal distance. An adjustment component is provided on the front connecting tube 5, and the adjustment component includes a fixing sleeve 6. A limit assembly is provided on the front side of the slide seat 31, and the limit assembly includes a push rod 7 and a blocking block 8. Support legs 12 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom end of the support plate 1, and three slide bars 13 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support plate 1 at an equal distance. A slide slot 34 matching the three slide bars 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the slide seat 31, and the slide seat 31 is movably sleeved on the three slide bars 13. A screw 42 is rotatably twisted into each plug rod 4, and the two extension rods 33 are respectively threadedly fixed to the plug rod 4 by the screws 42. Circular holes 36 are provided on both sides of the surface of the slide seat 31, and each circular hole 36 The inner wall of each of the two connecting tubes 5 is provided with an annular groove 37. The bottom ends of the two connecting tubes 5 are movable through the circular holes 36 respectively. The bottom end of each connecting tube 5 is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring 53 adapted to the circular hole 36. The two limiting rings 53 are respectively installed in the circular holes 36. The bottom ends of the two connecting tubes 5 are fixedly installed with a gear 1 54. A rotating shaft 9 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide 31. A gear 2 91 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 9. The gear 2 91 meshes with the gear 1 54 on the front side. A transmission belt 92 is sleeved on the gear 2 91 and the gear 1 54 on the rear side. A fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the connecting tube 5 on the front side. A push block 61 is fixedly installed on the fixed sleeve 6. A fixed rod 62 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the slide 31. An arc rod 1 63 is fixedly installed on the fixed rod 62. The arc rod 1 63 movably passes through the push block 61, and an arc spring 1 64 is movably sleeved on the arc rod 1 63. The push block 61 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 62 through the arc spring 1 64. A connecting groove 35 is provided on the surface of the slide seat 31. The push rod 7 is L-shaped. The upper end of the push rod 7 movably passes through the connecting groove 35. A connecting shaft 71 is fixedly installed on the push rod 7. The connecting shaft 71 is rotatably installed in the connecting groove 35. The push rod 7 is fixedly connected to the blocking block 8. The upper surface of the blocking block 8 is a rough surface, and the bottom surface of the slide rod 13 located in the middle is a rough surface. The upper surface of the avoidance groove 81 is tightly fitted with the bottom surface of the slide rod 13. A group of avoidance grooves 81 are provided on the upper surface of the blocking block 8. An arc rod 2 72 movably passes through the middle of the push rod 7, and the arc rod 2 72 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slide seat 31.One end of the second arc-shaped rod 72 is fixedly connected with a stop block 73. An arc-shaped spring two 74 is movably sleeved on the second arc-shaped rod 72. The push rod 7 is fixedly connected with the stop block 73 through the arc-shaped spring two 74. After planting grapes in the grape planting pot 11 and growing into grapevines, use common fixing tools such as iron wires or ropes to fix the grape branches on the support rod 32. The support rod 32 provides support for the grape branches to prevent the grape branches from breaking in strong wind weather. By installing a plurality of grape planting pots 11 and sliding seats 31 on the support plate 1, multiple grapes can be planted simultaneously and support can be provided for the grape branches. Before the grapes grow and take shape, through the setting of a plurality of sliding seats 31, and each sliding seat 31 is arc-shaped, it is convenient to lay the film on the plurality of sliding seats 31. The plurality of sliding seats 31 provide good support for the film. Using conventional tools such as buckles to fix the film can provide a better growth environment for the grapes before they grow and take shape, which helps the grapes grow well. After the grapes grow and take shape, the grape planting pot 11 can also provide support for the grape branches, improving the utilization rate. When the grape branches are not fixed on the sliding seat 31, the support assembly 3 is slidably installed on the support plate 1, so that the sliding seat 31 and the support rod 32 can slide on the support plate 1, and the distance between the sliding seat 31 and the grapes planted in the grape planting pot 11 can be adjusted. By connecting the support rod 32 with two inserting rods 4, and the two inserting rods 4 are movably inserted into the connecting cylinder 5, the height between the support rod 32 and the grapes planted in the grape planting pot 11 can be adjusted to better guide and support the growth of the grape branches, and the use effect is better. When it is necessary to move the sliding seat 31 and the support rod 32, the user pushes the upper end of the push rod 7, so that the push rod 7 rotates around the connecting shaft 71, causing the position of the push rod 7 to deflect, and then causing the position of the blocking block 8 to deflect, so that the blocking block 8 no longer fits tightly with the surface of the middle sliding rod 13, and the sliding seat 31 and the support rod 32 can slide smoothly on the support plate 1, so as to adjust the distance between adjacent support rods 32, and thus the distance between the grape branches fixed on the support rod 32 can also be appropriately adjusted, reducing the area where the branches and leaves on the grape branches block each other, which is beneficial to sunlight shining on the grape roots, providing sufficient sunlight and air circulation for the grapes, helping to grow well, and improving the saturation of the grape fruits. The arc-shaped spring two 74 movably sleeved on the second arc-shaped rod 72 is used to reset the push rod 7 and the blocking block 8. The structure is reasonably designed and easy to use. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the support rod 32, the user pushes the push block 61, so that the fixed sleeve 6 drives the front connecting cylinder 5 to rotate. By rotating the front connecting cylinder 5, the bottom gear one 54 rotates. Through the meshing of the gear one 54 and the gear two 91, and a transmission belt 92 is sleeved on the gear two 91 and the rear gear one 54, the two connecting cylinders 5 can be rotated simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two connecting cylinders 5 are opposite. By rotating the two connecting cylinders 5, the two clamping blocks 41 will respectively disengage from the clamping grooves 52.And it is located within the through groove 51. The user pushes the support rod 32 upward, causing the support rod 32 to move upward. After moving to an appropriate height, the push block 61 is released. By the reset action of the first arc-shaped rod 63, the two connecting cylinders 5 are reset, causing the two clamping blocks 41 to be respectively clamped in the clamping grooves 52, completing the locking of the position after the height adjustment of the support rod 32. When adjusting the height of the support rod 32, only by pushing the front push block 61 can the two connecting cylinders 5 be rotated simultaneously, thereby adjusting the height of the support rod 32. One person can perform the operation and adjustment, which is more convenient. By appropriately adjusting the height and spacing of the support rod 32, the grape branch rods fixed on the support rod 32 will present a state of uneven levels, with a certain height difference, and there is a certain spacing between the grape branch rods fixed on the support rod 32, which can effectively prevent the situation where the branches and leaves on the grape branch rods block each other, is more conducive to the circulation of air and the irradiation of sunlight, and is more conducive to the growth of the grape roots planted in the grape planting pot 11; First, cross-breeding: Use a flow cytometer to determine the ploidy of the parents, and cross between diploid and tetraploid grape varieties with different ploidies. Try to select early-maturing varieties as the female parent. Plant the parent plants in pots. In mid-April, collect pollen from the male parent plant at the initial flowering stage for later use. Manually remove the stamens from the female parent plant 2-3 days before flowering. Conduct artificial pollination when the stigma of the female parent begins to secrete mucus. Bag and mark the date. Second, embryo rescue and seedling formation: Depending on the abortion situation of the female parent, 20-25 days after pollination, retrieve the hybrid ear from the field and conduct embryo rescue culture. Cut the fruit grains with the fruit stalks, wash them clean and disinfect them. Under sterile conditions, cut open the young fruits, strip the ovules and inoculate them on the embryo development medium. Culture for about 40 days. Under sterile conditions, cut open the ovules, take the naked embryos and inoculate them in the embryo germination medium. Culture for about 10 days. Take samples for early screening and transfer them to the seedling formation medium for subculture. Third, early screening: Use a flow cytometer to detect the nuclear DNA of the young leaves of the embryo rescue seedlings, which can achieve rapid and accurate identification of triploid hybrid single plants at the seedling stage. Keep 1-2 buds of the embryo rescue bottle seedlings identified as triploid at the seedling stage, and cut the rest into single-bud stem segments obliquely. Inoculate them on the MS rooting medium and conduct repeated subculture and rooting culture. Propagate and root about 30 embryo rescue bottle seedlings of triploid, start acclimatizing the seedlings, and transplant them into the nutrient bags filled with nutrient soil to strengthen the seedlings. Fourth, identification of early results: At the end of June or early July of the same year, use the single plants of the propagated triploids as scions and graft them onto 2-year-old and vigorously growing potted rootstocks for DUS testing and preparation for regional trials. Graft one scion on each of the branches on both the left and right sides of each plant, seal the interfaces tightly with sealing film. When the new shoots germinated after grafting grow upright to 100 cm, pinch the tips in time and horizontally tie them to the circular rack surface. Leave a lateral shoot every about 20 cm for cultivation as the fruiting branch for the next year. Regularly tie the fruiting mother branches, and pinch the lateral shoots on them when they have two leaves to promote flower bud differentiation of the fruiting mother branches to ensure normal fruiting in the second year. Continuously bear fruit in the second and third years, form DUS test and regional trial reports, and start applying for registration of new plant variety rights.

[0018] Working principle: First step, plant grapes in the grape planting pots 11. After growing into grapevines, fix the grape branches on the support rods 32 using common fixing tools such as iron wires or ropes. The support rods 32 provide support for the grape branches to prevent the grape branches from breaking in strong wind weather. By installing multiple grape planting pots 11 and sliding seats 31 on the support plate 1, multiple grapes can be planted simultaneously and support can be provided for the grape branches. Before the grapes grow and take shape, due to the setting of multiple sliding seats 31, and each sliding seat 31 is arc-shaped, it is convenient to lay the film on multiple sliding seats 31. The multiple sliding seats 31 provide good support for the film, and use conventional tools such as buckles to fix the film, which can provide a better growth environment for the grapes before they grow and take shape, contributing to the good growth of the grapes. After the grapes grow and take shape, the grape planting pots 11 can also provide support for the grape branches, improving the utilization rate. Second step, when the grape branches are not fixed on the sliding seats 31, the support assembly 3 is slidably installed on the support plate 1, so that the sliding seats 31 and the support rods 32 can slide on the support plate 1, and the distance between the sliding seats 31 and the grapes planted in the grape planting pots 11 can be adjusted. The support rod 32 is connected to two insertion rods 4, and the two insertion rods 4 are movably inserted into the connecting cylinder 5, and the height between the support rod 32 and the grapes planted in the grape planting pots 11 can be adjusted, so as to better guide and support the growth of the grape branches, and the use effect is better. The third step is that when the slide seat 31 and the support rod 32 need to be moved, the user pushes the upper end of the push rod 7, so that the push rod 7 rotates around the connecting shaft 71, so that the position of the push rod 7 is deflected, thereby making the position of the blocking block 8 deflected, so that the blocking block 8 is no longer tightly fitted with the surface of the middle slide rod 13, so that the slide seat 31 and the support rod 32 can slide smoothly on the support plate 1, so that the distance between adjacent support rods 32 can be adjusted, so that the distance between the grape branches fixed on the support rod 32 can also be properly adjusted, reducing the area of ​​mutual shading between the branches and leaves on the grape branches, which is conducive to sunlight irradiation on the roots of the grapes, providing sufficient sunlight and air circulation for the grapes, which is conducive to better growth and improving the saturation of the grape fruits. The arc spring 2 74 movably sleeved on the arc rod 2 72 is used to reset the push rod 7 and the blocking block 8, and the structural design is reasonable and easy to use; In the fourth step, when the height of the support rod 32 needs to be adjusted, the user pushes the push block 61 to make the fixing sleeve 6 drive the front connecting tube 5 to rotate, and the front connecting tube 5 rotates to make the gear 1 54 at the bottom rotate, and the gear 1 54 meshes with the gear 2 91, and the gear 2 91 and the rear gear 1 54 are sleeved with a transmission belt 92, which can make the two connecting tubes 5 rotate at the same time, and the rotation directions of the two connecting tubes 5 are opposite, and the rotation of the two connecting tubes 5 will make the two clamping blocks 41 respectively disengage from the clamping slot 52 and be in the through slot 5. 1, the user pushes the support rod 32 upward to move the support rod 32 upward. After the support rod 32 moves to a suitable height, the push block 61 is released, and the two connecting tubes 5 are reset by using the reset function of the arc rod 1 63, so that the two clamping blocks 41 are respectively clamped in the clamping grooves 52, and the position of the support rod 32 after the height adjustment is locked. When adjusting the height of the support rod 32, only the front push block 61 is needed to make the two connecting tubes 5 rotate at the same time, so as to adjust the height of the support rod 32. One person can perform the operation and adjustment, and the operation is more convenient. In the fifth step, by properly adjusting the height and spacing of the support rods 32, the grape branches fixed on the support rods 32 will present different heights and have a certain height difference, and there will be a certain spacing between the grape branches fixed on the support rods 32, which can effectively prevent the branches and leaves on the grape branches from blocking each other, and is more conducive to air circulation and sunlight exposure, and is more conducive to the growth of the roots of the grapes planted in the grape planting pot 11; Step 6. First, hybridization: Flow cytometry is used to determine the ploidy of the parents, and hybridization between diploid and tetraploid grape varieties with different ploidy is performed. The female parent is selected as an early-maturing variety as much as possible. The parent plants are potted and pollen is collected in mid-April when the male plant begins to bloom. The female plant is manually de-stamened 2-3 days before flowering. Artificial pollination is performed when the female plant stigma begins to secrete mucus, and the plants are bagged and marked with the date. Second, seedling formation by embryo rescue: Depending on the abortion situation of the female parent, 20 - 25 days after pollination, retrieve the hybrid ear from the field for embryo rescue culture. Cut the grape berries with the pedicel, wash them thoroughly and disinfect. Under sterile conditions, cut the young fruits, strip the ovules and inoculate them on the embryo development medium. Culture for about 40 days. Under sterile conditions, cut the ovules, take the naked embryos and inoculate them in the embryo germination medium. Culture for about 10 days, take samples for early screening, and transfer them to the seedling formation medium for subculture; Third, early screening: Use a flow cytometer to detect the nuclear DNA of the young leaves of the embryo rescue seedlings, which can achieve rapid and accurate identification of triploid hybrid individuals at the seedling stage. Keep 1 - 2 buds of the embryo rescue bottle seedlings identified as triploids at the seedling stage, and cut the rest into single-bud stem segments obliquely. Inoculate them on the MS rooting medium and repeatedly carry out subculture rooting culture. When the triploid embryo rescue bottle seedlings are propagated and rooted to about 30 plants, start acclimatizing the seedlings and transplant them into the nutrient bags filled with nutrient soil to strengthen the seedlings; Fourth, early fruit-bearing identification: At the end of June or early July of the same year, use the propagated triploid individuals as scions and graft them onto 2-year-old potted rootstocks with strong growth for DUS testing and regional trial preparation. Graft 1 scion on each of the branches on both the left and right sides of each plant, and seal the interfaces tightly with sealing film. When the new shoots germinated after grafting grow upright to 100 cm, pinch the tips in time and horizontally tie them to the circular shelf surface. Leave a lateral shoot every about 20 cm for cultivation as the fruiting branch for the next year. Regularly tie the fruiting mother branches, and pinch the lateral shoots with two leaves on them to promote flower bud differentiation of the fruiting mother branches to ensure normal fruiting in the second year. Continuously bear fruits in the second and third years to form DUS testing and regional trial reports, and start applying for the registration of new plant variety rights.

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are given for purposes of illustration and description, and are not exhaustive or limit the present invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the present invention and its practical application, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific purposes.

Claims

1. A triploid grape rapid breeding technology, comprising a support plate (1), characterized in that: A plurality of grape planting pots (11) are fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support plate (1); the support plate (1) is provided with support assemblies (3) whose number is the same as the number of the grape planting pots (11); the support assemblies (3) are slidably mounted on the support plate (1); the support assemblies (3) comprise a sliding seat (31) and a supporting rod (32); the supporting rod (32) is arc-shaped; the supporting rod (32) is located above the grape planting pots (11); and connecting tubes (5) are symmetrically rotatably mounted on both ends of the sliding seat (31); Wherein, an insertion rod (4) is rotatably mounted in each of the connecting tubes (5), extension rods (33) are symmetrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the support rod (32), the two extension rods (33) are movably inserted into the two insertion rods (4) respectively, and clamping blocks (41) are fixedly mounted at opposite ends of the two insertion rods (4), a through groove (51) is formed on the surface of each of the connecting tubes (5), and a clamping groove (52) matching the clamping block (41) is formed on the inner wall of each of the through grooves (51) at equal distances; Wherein, a limit assembly is arranged on the front side of the slide seat (31), and the limit assembly comprises a push rod (7) and a blocking block (8).

2. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support legs (12) are fixedly mounted at the four corners of the bottom end of the support plate (1); Wherein, three sliding rods (13) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the bottom of the support plate (1).

3. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the slide seat (31) is provided with a slide groove (34) adapted to the three slide rods (13), and the slide seat (31) is movably sleeved on the three slide rods (13).

4. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw (42) is rotatably screwed into each of the insertion rods (4), and the two extension rods (33) are respectively threadedly fixed to the insertion rods (4) via the screws (42).

5. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circular holes (36) are provided on both sides of the surface of the slide seat (31), and an annular groove (37) is provided on the inner wall of each circular hole (36); The bottom ends of the two connecting tubes (5) are movably inserted through the circular holes (36), and the bottom end of each connecting tube (5) is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring (53) adapted to the circular hole (36), and the two limiting rings (53) are respectively installed in the circular holes (36).

6. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear 1 (54) is fixedly mounted on the bottom ends of the two connecting cylinders (5); a rotating shaft (9) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the slide seat (31); and a gear 2 (91) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (9); The second gear (91) is meshed with the first gear (54) at the front side, and a transmission belt (92) is provided on the second gear (91) and the first gear (54) at the rear side.

7. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustment assembly is provided on the connecting tube (5) located at the front side, and the adjustment assembly comprises a fixing sleeve (6), the fixing sleeve (6) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the connecting tube (5) at the front side, a push block (61) is fixedly mounted on the fixing sleeve (6), and a fixing rod (62) is fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the sliding seat (31); The fixing rod (62) is fixedly mounted with an arc rod 1 (63), the arc rod 1 (63) movably passes through the push block (61), the arc rod 1 (63) is movably sleeved with an arc spring 1 (64), and the push block (61) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (62) via the arc spring 1 (64).

8. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting groove (35) is provided on the surface of the slide seat (31); the push rod (7) is L-shaped, and the upper end of the push rod (7) movably passes through the connecting groove (35); The push rod (7) is fixedly mounted with a connecting shaft (71), the connecting shaft (71) is rotatably mounted in the connecting groove (35), the push rod (7) is fixedly connected to the blocking block (8), the upper surface of the blocking block (8) is a rough surface, the bottom surface of the sliding rod (13) located in the middle is a rough surface, and the upper surface of the blocking block (8) is provided with a group of avoidance grooves (81), and the upper surface of the avoidance grooves (81) is tightly fitted with the bottom surface of the sliding rod (13).

9. A triploid grape rapid breeding technology as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A second arc-shaped rod (72) movably penetrates the middle of the push rod (7), the second arc-shaped rod (72) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the slide seat (31), and one end of the second arc-shaped rod (72) is fixedly connected to a stopper (73).

10. The triploid grape rapid breeding technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second arc-shaped rod (72) is movably sleeved with a second arc-shaped spring (74), and the push rod (7) is fixedly connected to the stopper (73) via the second arc-shaped spring (74).

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