A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge

Abstract

This invention discloses a centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, comprising a base, a shell, a drum, and a pushing device; the pushing device includes a central shaft and a scraper assembly; the central shaft has a feed hole; one end of the central shaft has a first dispersion hole; the central shaft and the drum rotate in the same direction at a different speed; the scraper assembly includes a scraper sleeve; the outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve has scraper units; the scraper units are arranged along a spiral line; a spiral blade is movably disposed between two adjacent scraper units; each scraper unit includes a first slider, a second slider, and a scraper plate; the first slider is slidably disposed radially on the scraper sleeve, the second slider is movably disposed within the first slider and connected to the scraper sleeve by a spring; a torsion spring is connected between the scraper plate and the first slider; the spiral blade is slidably hinged to the first slider, and its other end is connected to the second slider of the adjacent scraper unit; this centrifuge dynamically adapts to changes in sludge viscosity, improves the sludge removal effect on the inner wall of the drum, and ensures that the drum maintains high permeability and high dewatering efficiency over a long period of time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and in particular to a centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of chemical sludge dewatering, the horizontal screw centrifuge serves as the core processing equipment. Its core structure comprises a high-speed rotating drum and a coaxial differentially rotating screw propeller. The drum achieves solid-liquid separation through centrifugal force, while the screw propeller plays a crucial role in conveying the sludge to the discharge port. Existing technologies generally employ a fixed screw propeller structure, where the screw blades maintain a constant gap (typically 0.2-0.5 mm) with the inner wall of the drum, achieving synchronous differential rotation through a rigid connection.

[0003] Due to the complex rheological properties of chemical sludge, its viscosity changes dynamically with factors such as material composition (e.g., oil phase content, proportion of colloidal substances), solid content (fluctuating between 20-50%), pH value (3-11), and temperature (40-80℃). When dewatering in the drum, it tends to adhere and accumulate on the inner wall surface of the drum. However, the fixed screw propeller is limited by structural rigidity and cannot flexibly adjust the scraping effect according to the changes in sludge viscosity, resulting in a decrease in the permeability of the drum and a reduction in dewatering efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, which can dynamically adapt to changes in the viscosity of different sludge, improve the sludge removal effect on the inner wall of the drum, and ensure that the drum maintains high permeability and high dewatering efficiency for a long time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge includes a base, a housing disposed on the base, a rotating drum disposed within the housing, and a pushing device coaxially disposed within the rotating drum.

[0007] The pushing device includes a central shaft rotatably disposed inside the drum and multiple scraper devices sequentially sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the central shaft along the axial direction of the central shaft; the central shaft is provided with a feed hole along its axial direction; one end of the central shaft is provided with multiple first dispersion holes communicating with the feed hole; the central shaft and the drum rotate in the same direction at a different speed.

[0008] The scraper device includes a scraper sleeve; the outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve is provided with multiple scraper units; the multiple scraper units are arranged along a spiral line; a spiral blade is movably provided between two adjacent scraper units; each scraper unit includes a first slider, a second slider, and a scraper; the first slider is slidably disposed radially in the scraper sleeve, the second slider is movably disposed inside the first slider and connected to the scraper sleeve by a spring; one end of the scraper is hinged to the first slider and connected to the first slider by a torsion spring; one end of the spiral blade is slidably hinged to the first slider of the scraper unit, and the other end is connected to the second slider of the adjacent scraper unit.

[0009] Optionally, one end of the spiral blade is provided with a first convex shaft, and the other end extends with a second convex shaft; the side wall of the first slider is provided with a first inclined groove; the side wall of the second slider is provided with a boss; the first convex shaft is movably embedded in the first inclined groove; the second convex shaft is movably inserted into the first slider and fixedly connected to the second slider.

[0010] The outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve is provided with a mounting groove for each scraper unit; the first slider is slidably disposed in the mounting groove; the groove wall of the mounting groove is provided with a second inclined groove; the boss is movably embedded in the second inclined groove; the two ends of the spring are connected between the side wall of the second slider and the groove wall of the mounting groove.

[0011] Optionally, the side wall of the first slider is provided with a strip-shaped hole; a sealing baffle is slidably provided on the inner wall of the first slider at the position corresponding to the strip-shaped hole; the second convex shaft passes through the sealing baffle.

[0012] Optionally, the two opposite walls of the mounting groove are provided with a second inclined groove; the two opposite side walls of the second slider are provided with a boss.

[0013] Optionally, the end of the second slider away from the axis of the scraper sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the end of the first slider away from the axis of the scraper sleeve.

[0014] Optionally, the inner wall of the first slider is provided with a first step portion; the second slider is provided with a second step portion that cooperates with the first step portion.

[0015] Optionally, the scraper corresponding to the position of the first dispersion hole is provided with a second dispersion hole that corresponds one-to-one with the first dispersion hole.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the drum is a closed end and the other end is an open end; the drum is provided with a dehydration section; the dehydration section is provided with dehydration holes evenly distributed;

[0017] The bottom of the outer shell is provided with a first outlet corresponding to the dehydration section of the drum, and a second outlet corresponding to the opening end of the drum; the first dispersion hole is located at the end of the central shaft away from the opening end of the drum.

[0018] Optionally, the other end of the drum is provided with a tapered portion; the inner diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases from the closed end of the drum toward the open end.

[0019] Optionally, the central shaft is provided with a spiral extrusion plate inside the conical part of the drum; the pitch of the spiral extrusion plate gradually decreases from the closed end to the open end of the drum.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting a spiral blade between two adjacent scraper units, this invention can utilize the reverse displacement of the spiral blade caused by changes in sludge viscosity, and with the cooperation of a torsion spring, drive the scraper angle to automatically adjust, so as to adaptively adjust the scraping ability of the scraper, thereby achieving dynamic adaptation to changes in different sludge viscosities, improving the sludge removal effect on the inner wall of the drum, and ensuring that the drum maintains high permeability and high dewatering efficiency for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper sleeve of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper unit of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the scraper unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the scraper unit of the present invention from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral blade of the present invention;

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. Outer shell; 21. End cap; 22. Conical groove; 23. First outlet; 24. Second outlet; 3. Rotary drum; 31. Dewatering section; 311. Dewatering hole; 32. Conical section; 4. Pushing device; 41. Central shaft; 411. Feed hole; 412. First dispersing hole; 413. Spiral extrusion plate; 42. Scraper device; 421. Scraper sleeve; 4211. Mounting groove; 4212. Second inclined groove; 4213. 422. Second dispersion hole; 422. First slider; 4221. First inclined groove; 4222. Strip hole; 4223. First step portion; 423. Second slider; 4231. Boss; 4232. Second step portion; 424. Scraper; 4241. Hinge shaft; 425. Spring; 426. Torsion spring; 427. Helical blade; 4271. First convex shaft; 4272. Second convex shaft; 428. Sealing baffle; 5. First motor; 6. Second motor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not to limit the scope of the invention to this.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge described in this embodiment includes a base 1, a housing 2 disposed on the base 1, a rotating drum 3 rotatably disposed within the housing 2, and a pushing device 4 coaxially disposed within the rotating drum 3.

[0033] The pushing device 4 includes a central shaft 41 rotatably disposed inside the drum 3 and a plurality of scraper devices 42 sequentially sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the central shaft 41 along the axial direction of the central shaft 41; one end of the central shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drum 3, and the other end rotatably passes through the outer shell 2; the central shaft 41 is provided with a feed hole 411 along its axial direction; one end of the central shaft 41 is provided with a plurality of first dispersion holes 412 communicating with the feed hole 411; the central shaft 41 and the drum 3 rotate in the same direction at a differential speed; the scraper devices 42 can be freely set according to actual design needs;

[0034] The scraper device 42 includes a scraper sleeve 421; the outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve 421 is provided with multiple scraper units; the number of scraper units can be freely set according to actual design needs; the multiple scraper units are arranged along a spiral line; a spiral blade 427 is movably provided between two adjacent scraper units; each scraper unit includes a first slider 422, a second slider 423, and a scraper 424; the first slider 422 is slidably disposed radially on the scraper sleeve 421, and the second slider 423 is movably disposed inside the first slider 422 and connected to the scraper sleeve 421 by a spring 425; one end of the scraper 424 is hinged to the first slider 422 and connected to the first slider 422 by a torsion spring 426; one end of the spiral blade 427 is slidably hinged to the first slider 422 of the scraper unit, and the other end is connected to the second slider 423 of the adjacent scraper unit. Under the action of the torsion spring 426, the scraper 424 is always in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the drum 3. By arranging the various scraper devices 42 sequentially along the axial direction, the spiral blades 427 of each scraper device 42 and the scraper unit together form an axial conveying mechanism in the drum 3 to axially convey the sludge in the drum 3.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, in practical application, the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge in this embodiment drives the central shaft 41 and the drum 3 to rotate synchronously at different speeds, and makes the rotational speed of the drum 3 greater than that of the central shaft 41. The sludge to be dewatered is pumped into the feed inlet. The sludge enters the drum 3 through the first dispersion hole 412. The sludge in the drum 3 is dewatered under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, each scraper device 42 rotates with the central shaft 41, and each spiral blade 427 pushes the sludge in the drum 3 to move along the axial direction of the drum 3, so as to continuously treat sewage.

[0036] When the sludge viscosity is low, the reaction force of the sludge inside the drum 3 on the spiral blade 427 is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the spring 425 and cause the spiral blade 427 to displace. At this time, the angle between the scraper 424 and the inner wall of the drum 3 is at its maximum, which helps the scraper 424 to adhere to the inner wall of the drum 3 and properly push the sludge to move during rotation. When the sludge viscosity increases, the resistance that the spiral blade 427 needs to overcome in order to push the sludge to move axially increases, that is, the reaction force of the sludge inside the drum 3 on the spiral blade 427 increases, causing the spiral blade 427 to produce a reverse displacement. This reverse displacement is transmitted to the first slider 422 of the scraper unit connected to it and the second slider 423 of the adjacent scraper unit to move, causing the first slider 422 of the scraper unit to move. 22 drives the scraper 424 to extend radially outward, causing the second slider 423 of the adjacent scraper unit to slide relative to the first slider 422 and compress the spring 425. As the first slider 422 drives the scraper 424 to extend radially outward, the scraper 424 is squeezed by the inner wall of the drum 3 and deflects against the torque of the torsion spring 426, reducing the angle between the scraper 424 and the inner wall of the drum 3. At the same time, the torsion spring 426 generates a greater torque, thereby increasing the pressure of the scraper 424 on the inner wall of the drum 3. This enhances the scraper 424's ability to remove sludge adhering to the inner wall of the drum 3, making it easier for the sludge to fall off the inner wall of the drum 3, effectively preventing sludge from accumulating on the inner wall of the drum 3, and helping to maintain the long-term stability of the permeability and dewatering efficiency of the drum 3.

[0037] This embodiment uses a spiral blade 427 between two adjacent scraper units. The spiral blade 427 can be displaced in the opposite direction due to changes in sludge viscosity, and the angle of the scraper 424 can be automatically adjusted in conjunction with the torsion spring 426. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the scraping capacity of the scraper 424, thereby dynamically adapting to changes in sludge viscosity, improving the sludge removal effect on the inner wall of the drum 3, and ensuring that the drum 3 maintains high permeability and high dewatering efficiency over a long period of time.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, a first motor 5 is installed at one end of the base 1, and the output end of the first motor 5 is connected to one end of the drum 3 to drive the drum 3 to rotate for dewatering; a second motor 6 is installed at the other end of the base 1, and the output end of the second motor 6 is connected to the central shaft 41 through a synchronous pulley set, thereby driving the central shaft 41 to rotate.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, end caps 21 are detachably connected to both ends of the outer casing 2, and the outer casing 2 and the end caps 21 together enclose and form an installation cavity. This arrangement facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the scraper device 42 and the drum 3.

[0040] like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, one end of the spiral blade 427 is provided with a first convex shaft 4271, and the other end extends with a second convex shaft 4272; the side wall of the first slider 422 is provided with a first inclined groove 4221; the side wall of the second slider 423 is provided with a boss 4231; the first convex shaft 4271 is movably embedded in the first inclined groove 4221; the second convex shaft 4272 is movably inserted into the first slider 422 and fixedly connected to the second slider 423; the outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve 421 is provided with an installation groove 4211 corresponding to each scraper unit; the first slider 422 is slidably disposed in the installation groove 4211; the groove wall of the installation groove 4211 is provided with a second inclined groove 4212; the boss 4231 is movably embedded in the second inclined groove 4212; the two ends of the spring 425 are connected between the side wall of the second slider 423 and the groove wall of the installation groove 4211.

[0041] Specifically, when the spiral blade 427 is subjected to the reverse force of the sludge and moves against the elastic force of the spring 425, the first convex shaft 4271 cooperates with the first inclined groove 4221 to drive the first slider 422 to extend outward, causing the scraper 424 to deflect against the torsion force of the torsion spring 426. At the same time, the spiral blade 427 drives the second slider 423 of the adjacent scraper unit to slide relative to the first slider 422 through the second convex shaft 4272. The second slider 423 of the adjacent scraper unit extends radially outward with the cooperation of the boss 4231 and the second inclined groove 4212, pushing the first slider 422 to extend, so that the scraper 424 of the adjacent scraper unit extends synchronously, thereby realizing the linkage between the scraper units and enhancing the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the drum 3.

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the side wall of the first slider 422 is provided with a strip-shaped hole 4222; a sealing baffle 428 is slidably provided on the inner wall of the first slider 422 corresponding to the position of the strip-shaped hole 4222; and a second convex shaft 4272 passes through the sealing baffle 428. In this embodiment, by providing the sealing baffle 428, sludge is effectively prevented from entering the first slider 422, thereby ensuring the movement stability of the first slider 422 and the second slider 423.

[0043] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the two opposite walls of the mounting groove 4211 are provided with second inclined grooves 4212; and the two opposite side walls of the second slider 423 are provided with bosses 4231. This arrangement makes the sliding of the second slider 423 more stable.

[0044] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the end of the second slider 423 away from the axis of the scraper sleeve 421 abuts against the inner wall of the end of the first slider 422 away from the axis of the scraper sleeve 421. With this arrangement, when the spiral blade 427 drives the second slider 423 to slide relative to the first slider 422, the second slider 423 extends radially under the cooperation of the boss 4231 and the second inclined groove 4212, thereby simultaneously lifting the first slider 422 to extend radially, so that the scraper 424 overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring 426 and swings, thereby enhancing the scraping ability of the scraper 424.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the inner wall of the first slider 422 is provided with a first step portion 4223; the second slider 423 is provided with a second step portion 4232 that cooperates with the first step portion 4223. With this arrangement, when the second slider 423 extends outward in the radial direction, the second slider 423 cooperates with the first step portion 4223 through the second step portion 4232 to synchronously push the first slider 422 outward, thus further ensuring the linkage between the first slider 422 and the second slider 423.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the scraper 424 is provided with a hinge shaft 4241, the scraper 424 is hinged to the first slider 422 through the hinge shaft 4241, the torsion spring 426 is sleeved on the outer wall of the hinge shaft 4241, and the second slider 423 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the hinge shaft 4241; this arrangement further enhances the linkage between the first slider 422 and the second slider 423.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the scraper sleeve 421 corresponding to the position of the first dispersion hole 412 is provided with a second dispersion hole 4213 corresponding to the first dispersion hole 412. In this embodiment, by setting a scraper unit at the position corresponding to the first dispersion hole 412, the sludge in the drum 3 is fully axially conveyed; the sludge in the feed port enters the drum 3 sequentially through the first dispersion hole 412 and the second dispersion hole 4213.

[0048] In some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, one end of the drum 3 is a closed end and the other end is an open end; the drum 3 is provided with a dewatering section 31; the dewatering section 31 is evenly distributed with dewatering holes 311; the bottom of the outer shell 2 is provided with a first outlet 23 corresponding to the position of the dewatering section 31 of the drum 3, and a second outlet 24 corresponding to the position of the open end of the drum 3; the first dispersion hole 412 is provided at the end of the central shaft 41 away from the open end of the drum 3.

[0049] Specifically, the sludge enters the dewatering section 31 of the drum 3 and is dewatered through the dewatering holes 311 on the dewatering section 31. At the same time, each scraper device 42 transports the sludge from the closed end of the drum 3 to its open end. The dewatered liquid falls to the first outlet 23 and is discharged, while the dewatered solid sludge is discharged to the second outlet 24 and discharged through the second outlet 24. In this way, the sludge dewatering treatment can be carried out continuously.

[0050] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, a conical groove 22 is provided at the bottom of the outer shell 2 corresponding to the dehydration section 31 of the drum 3. The first outlet 23 is located at the bottom of the conical groove 22, which makes it easier for the dehydrated liquid to be concentrated and discharged through the first outlet 23.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the other end of the drum 3 is provided with a conical portion 32; the inner diameter of the conical portion 32 gradually decreases from the closed end to the open end of the drum 3. Through this arrangement, the sludge entering the conical portion 32 is further compressed by the conical portion 32, thereby improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, the central shaft 41 is provided with a spiral extrusion plate 413 inside the conical portion 32 of the drum 3; the pitch of the spiral extrusion plate 413 gradually decreases from the closed end to the open end of the drum 3. In this embodiment, by providing the spiral extrusion plate 413, the spiral extrusion plate 413 and the conical portion 32 work together to further compress the sludge, significantly improving dewatering efficiency.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of this patent application are included within the protection scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge, characterized in that, It includes a base, a housing disposed on the base, a rotating drum disposed rotatably within the housing, and a pushing device coaxially disposed within the rotating drum; The pushing device includes a central shaft rotatably disposed inside the drum and multiple scraper devices sequentially sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the central shaft along the axial direction of the central shaft; the central shaft is provided with a feed hole along its axial direction; one end of the central shaft is provided with multiple first dispersion holes communicating with the feed hole; the central shaft and the drum rotate in the same direction at a different speed. The scraper device includes a scraper sleeve; the outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve is provided with multiple scraper units; the multiple scraper units are arranged along a spiral line; a spiral blade is movably provided between two adjacent scraper units; each scraper unit includes a first slider, a second slider, and a scraper; the first slider is slidably disposed radially on the scraper sleeve, the second slider is movably disposed inside the first slider and connected to the scraper sleeve by a spring; one end of the scraper is hinged to the first slider and connected to the first slider by a torsion spring; one end of the spiral blade is slidably hinged to the first slider of the scraper unit, and the other end is connected to the second slider of the adjacent scraper unit; One end of the spiral blade is provided with a first convex shaft, and the other end extends with a second convex shaft; the side wall of the first slider is provided with a first inclined groove; the side wall of the second slider is provided with a boss; the first convex shaft is movably embedded in the first inclined groove; the second convex shaft is movably inserted into the first slider and fixedly connected to the second slider. The outer peripheral wall of the scraper sleeve is provided with a mounting groove for each scraper unit; the first slider is slidably disposed in the mounting groove; the groove wall of the mounting groove is provided with a second inclined groove; the boss is movably embedded in the second inclined groove; the two ends of the spring are connected between the side wall of the second slider and the groove wall of the mounting groove. The end of the second slider away from the axis of the scraper sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the end of the first slider away from the axis of the scraper sleeve.

2. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first slider has a strip-shaped hole on its side wall; a sealing baffle is slidably provided on the inner wall of the first slider at the position corresponding to the strip-shaped hole; the second convex shaft passes through the sealing baffle.

3. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two opposite walls of the mounting groove are provided with a second inclined groove; the two opposite side walls of the second slider are provided with a boss.

4. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first slider is provided with a first step portion; the second slider is provided with a second step portion that cooperates with the first step portion.

5. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper sleeve corresponding to the position of the first dispersion hole is provided with a second dispersion hole that corresponds one-to-one with the first dispersion hole.

6. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the drum is a closed end, and the other end is an open end; the drum is provided with a dehydration section; the dehydration section is provided with dehydration holes evenly distributed; The bottom of the outer shell is provided with a first outlet corresponding to the dehydration section of the drum, and a second outlet corresponding to the opening end of the drum; the first dispersion hole is located at the end of the central shaft away from the opening end of the drum.

7. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the drum is provided with a conical part; the inner diameter of the conical part gradually decreases from the closed end of the drum to the open end.

8. A centrifuge for dewatering chemical sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central shaft has a spiral extrusion plate inside the conical part of the drum; the pitch of the spiral extrusion plate gradually decreases from the closed end to the open end of the drum.

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