Self-boring machining device of speed reducer and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducer machining, in particular to a self-boring machining device of a speed reducer and a using method.The self-boring machining device of the speed reducer comprises a machining table used for fixing the speed reducer, a motor for driving the speed reducer to operate is arranged on the speed reducer, a sleeve is fixedly arranged on the machining table, and an outer disc is movably arranged in the sleeve; a plug connected with a rotating shaft of the speed reducer in an inserted mode is fixedly arranged on the outer disc, a turning tool for cutting the speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the outer disc, and an inner disc is arranged in the sleeve. According to the self-boring machining device of the speed reducer and the using method, the outer disc and the inner disc form a linkage mechanism through the guide rod, when the embedded block slides into the annular groove along the track, the inner disc is driven to be close to the outer disc, and at the moment, the outer disc and the turning tool are pressed on the surface of the speed reducer through the elastic piece; mechanical coupling of turning action and rotating motion is achieved, an independent control unit is omitted, and the machining automation degree is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reducer processing, and specifically to a self-boring processing device and a usage method for a reducer. Background Technique

[0002] As a precision transmission device, the housing of a reducer needs to bear the dynamic loads of gear transmission, worm transmission, or gear-worm transmission systems, and achieve power transmission and speed matching through a rigid housing. The self-boring processing technology directly determines the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances of key parts such as bearing mounting holes and planetary gear set positioning holes, thereby affecting the transmission efficiency and service life of the reducer. The current technologies have the following common defects: ‌Insufficient motion coupling‌ Existing processing systems use independent drive units to control the feeding, cutting, and chip removal actions respectively, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency. The split power configuration is prone to motion mismatch. For example, when the tool feeding speed is not synchronized with the spindle speed, cutting steps or tool deflection are likely to occur.

[0003] ‌Lagging chip handling‌ Traditional suction devices do not maintain the suction channels, and there is a high probability that chips will accumulate in the channels to form blockages, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a self-boring processing device and a usage method for a reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-boring processing device and a usage method for a reducer to solve the problems of ‌insufficient motion coupling and lagging chip handling‌ mentioned in the above background technique. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A self-boring processing device for a reducer, including a processing table for fixing the reducer, a motor for driving its operation is provided on the reducer, a sleeve is fixedly provided on the processing table, and an outer disk is movably arranged in the sleeve. A plug for inserting the reducer rotating shaft is fixedly provided on the outer disk, and a turning tool for cutting the reducer is fixedly provided on the outer disk.

[0006] An inner disk is arranged in the sleeve. Three guide rods penetrating the inner disk are fixedly provided on the outer disk, and an elastic member is provided between the outer disk and the inner disk. A spiral-structured track is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a block for moving along the track is provided on the outer circle of the inner disk. The block drives the inner disk to move along the guide rods, and the end of the track is provided as an annular groove for the inner disk to rotate.

[0007] A round cover is fixedly provided on the inner disk, and the round cover is located between the outer disk and the sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the guide rod is of a hollow structure and penetrates the outer disk to form a suction port for sucking chips.

[0009] Preferably, an extrusion column for extruding debris is movably arranged inside the guide rod, and a magnetic sheet is arranged on the inner wall of the guide rod. The magnetic sheet uses magnetic force to adsorb the extrusion column to be misaligned with the suction port.

[0010] A plurality of extrusion inserts and top blocks for inner disk displacement are arranged on the inner side wall of the annular groove. A sliding port communicating with the inside of the guide rod is opened on the outside of the guide rod, and a convex block is slidably arranged in the sliding port. When the inner disk displaces in the annular groove, it presses the extrusion column along the convex block to extrude the suction area inside the guide rod.

[0011] Preferably, a toothed edge is arranged on the inner side wall of one side of the guide rod, a ring gear is arranged at the end of the extrusion column, and when the extrusion column extrudes the suction area, the ring gear is driven to rotate around the toothed edge.

[0012] Preferably, the turning tool realizes radial and axial position adjustment through an adjusting device.

[0013] Preferably, a debris recovery system is further included. The guide rod is connected to a negative pressure generator through a corrugated pipe to form a continuous suction channel from the suction port to the dust collection chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting device includes an axial adjusting module and a radial adjusting module, where: The axial adjusting module includes a worm and worm gear assembly. The worm is rotated to drive the worm gear connected to the turning tool to realize axial displacement.

[0015] The radial adjusting module is provided with a fine adjustment screw with scale marks and a locking nut, and the radial feed amount of the turning tool is controlled by rotating the screw.

[0016] A use method of a self-boring processing device for a speed reducer includes the following steps: S1. Fix the speed reducer according to the position on the processing table, insert the rotating shaft of the speed reducer into the plug for connection, and then install the motor to drive the speed reducer, the plug and the outer disk to rotate; S2. The outer disk drives the inner disk to rotate by using the guide rod. The synchronously moving inserts enter the annular groove along the track to drive the inner disk to approach the outer disk, so that the elastic member presses the turning tool on the outer disk to fit the speed reducer for turning. In this way, the rotation of the outer disk drives itself and the turning tool to cooperate with the speed reducer; S3. During the turning process of the turning tool, the suction port sucks the debris generated by processing and discharges it through the guide rod. During the rotation of the insert along the annular groove, the top block pushes the inner disk to reciprocate along the guide rod, and uses the convex block to push the extrusion column in the guide rod to move reciprocally radially towards the suction area. In this way, the rotation of the inner disk controls the extrusion column to compress the debris stuck in the suction area; S4. During the process of the extrusion column moving radially towards the suction area, the ring gear meshes with the toothed edge to realize the rotation of the extrusion column. In this way, the rolling extrusion column rubs the sharp edges and sharp corners of the debris.

[0017] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art: In the present invention, an integrated self-driven turning mechanism The outer disk and the inner disk form a linkage mechanism through a guide rod. When the insert slides into the annular groove along the track, the inner disk is driven to approach the outer disk. At this time, the elastic member presses the outer disk and the turning tool against the surface of the speed reducer. This design synchronously drives the feeding of the turning tool through the rotation of the outer disk, realizing the mechanical coupling of the turning action and the rotational movement, eliminating the independent control unit, and significantly improving the degree of machining automation.

[0018] In the present invention, a dynamic chip removal system The suction port and the guide rod form a negative pressure channel. During the chip suction process: The top block in the annular groove triggers the axial displacement of the insert, driving the inner disk to reciprocate along the guide rod. The convex block converts the reciprocating motion into a radial pulse action of the extrusion column, periodically compressing the suction area. This dual-mode motion increases the chip density and completely solves the problem of internal metal chip retention.

[0019] In the present invention, a chip passivation treatment mechanism When the extrusion column moves radially, the annular teeth on its surface mesh with the fixed tooth edge to generate self-rotation, and the sharp corners of the chips are worn by rolling friction, reducing the volume of the chips. This process simultaneously optimizes the chip morphology, and the risk of scratching in the subsequent collection process is reduced by 90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the processing table and the sleeve of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the processing table and the sleeve of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sleeve, the track and the annular groove of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner disk, the outer disk and the round cover of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner disk, the outer disk and the round cover of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 8 is the inner disk, the outer disk and the round cover II of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the outer disk, the inner disk and the guide rod of the present invention; Figure 10 is of the present invention Figure 9 an enlarged view of part A; Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the guide rod of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0021] In the figure: 1, processing table; 2, reducer; 3, motor; 4, sleeve; 5, track; 6, ring groove; 7, outer disk; 8, plug; 9, turning tool; 10, inner disk; 11, guide rod; 12, elastic member; 13, insert block; 14, round cover; 15, suction port; 16, extrusion column; 17, magnetic sheet; 18, top block; 19, sliding mouth; 20, protrusion; 21, tooth edge; 22, ring tooth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical staff in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a technical solution: a self-boring processing device for a reducer, a self-boring processing device for a reducer, comprising a processing table 1 for fixing a reducer 2, a motor 3 for driving the reducer 2 is arranged on the reducer 2, a sleeve 4 is fixedly arranged on the processing table 1, and an outer disk 7 is movably arranged in the sleeve 4, a plug 8 for plugging into the rotating shaft of the reducer 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer disk 7, and a turning tool 9 for cutting the reducer 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer disk 7.

[0024] An inner disk 10 is arranged in the sleeve 4, three guide rods 11 penetrating the inner disk 10 are fixedly arranged on the outer disk 7, and an elastic member 12 is arranged between the outer disk 7 and the inner disk 10. A track 5 with a spiral structure is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve 4, and an insert 13 moving along the track 5 is arranged on the outer ring of the inner disk 10. The insert 13 drives the inner disk 10 to move along the guide rod 11, and the end of the track 5 is arranged as an annular groove 6 for the inner disk 10 to rotate. The surface of the annular groove 6 is processed with micro-texture and solid lubricant capsules are embedded in advance, and the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.12 to 0.08.

[0025] A round cover 14 is fixedly disposed on the inner disk 10 , and the round cover 14 is located between the outer disk 7 and the sleeve 4 .

[0026] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 12 As shown, the guide rod 11 is a hollow structure and penetrates the outer disk 7 to form a suction port 15 for sucking debris.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 12 shown, an extrusion column 16 for extruding debris is movably arranged inside the guide rod 11, and a magnetic sheet 17 is arranged on the inner wall of the guide rod 11. The magnetic sheet 17 uses magnetic force to adsorb the extrusion column 16 to be misaligned with the suction port 15.

[0028] On the inner side wall of the annular groove 6, a number of extrusion inserts 13 and top blocks 18 for displacing the inner disk 10 are arranged. A sliding port 19 communicating with the inside of the guide rod 11 is opened on the outside of the guide rod 11, and a convex block 20 is slidably arranged in the sliding port 19. When the inner disk 10 displaces in the annular groove 6, it presses against the convex block 20 to extrude the suction area inside the guide rod 11. A torsion sensor is added at the joint of the guide rod 11 and the outer disk 7. When the turning resistance exceeds the threshold: trigger the electromagnetic damper to reduce the rotation speed of the outer disk 7 and synchronously adjust the negative pressure value of the suction port 15 to ensure that the debris removal rate is dynamically matched with the material removal rate.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 12 shown, a toothed edge 21 is arranged on the inner side wall of one side of the guide rod 11, a ring tooth 22 is arranged at the end of the extrusion column 16, and when the extrusion column 16 extrudes the suction area, the ring tooth 22 is driven to rotate self - rotatably along the toothed edge 21. A WC - 10Co4Cr coating is laser - cladded on the surface of the ring tooth 22, and a 20° negative rake angle is designed at the tooth tip, and a chip - discharging gap of 0.2 mm is reserved at the tooth root.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 12 shown, the turning tool 9 realizes radial and axial position adjustment through an adjusting device to ensure the coaxiality and perpendicularity of the machining surface and the positioning stop.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 12 shown, it further includes a debris recovery system. The guide rod 11 is connected to a negative pressure generator through a corrugated pipe to form a continuous suction channel from the suction port 15 to the dust collection chamber. The flexible connection design of the corrugated pipe compensates for the vibration displacement of the equipment, cooperates with the negative pressure generator to achieve continuous suction, reduces the debris residue amount, and the inner diameter of the guide rod 11 is matched with the negative pressure pipe diameter at a ratio of 1:1.5 to ensure a 100% passing rate of metal chips and avoid the common problem of chip accumulation in the pipeline in the traditional system.

[0032] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 12 , the adjusting device includes an axial adjusting module and a radial adjusting module, where: The axial adjusting module includes a worm and worm gear assembly. By rotating the worm, the worm gear connected to the turning tool 9 is driven to achieve axial displacement.

[0033] The radial adjusting module is provided with a fine adjustment screw with scale markings and a locking nut. By rotating the screw, the radial feed of the turning tool 9 is controlled. A digital torque display is added to the end of the worm. The operator can monitor the adjustment force in real time to prevent overloading and damaging the tool. The scale markings of the radial module are coated with fluorescent coating, which can still be clearly identified during machining in a dark environment, and the tool change time is shortened.

[0034] A method for using a self-boring machining device for a speed reducer includes the following steps: S1. Fix the speed reducer 2 according to the position on the machining table 1, insert the rotating shaft of the speed reducer 2 into the plug 8 for connection, and then install the motor 3 to drive the speed reducer 2, the plug 8, and the outer disc 7 to rotate.

[0035] S2. The outer disc 7 drives the inner disc 10 to rotate by using the guide rod 11. The synchronously moving insert block 13 enters the annular groove 6 along the track 5 to drive the inner disc 10 to approach the outer disc 7, so that the elastic member 12 presses the turning tool 9 on the outer disc 7 against the speed reducer 2 for turning. In this way, the rotation of the outer disc 7 drives itself and the turning tool 9 to cooperate with the speed reducer 2.

[0036] S3. During the turning process of the turning tool 9, the suction port 15 sucks the chips generated by machining and discharges them through the guide rod 11. During the rotation of the insert block 13 along the annular groove 6, the top block 18 pushes the inner disc 10 to reciprocate along the guide rod 11, and uses the convex block 20 to push the extrusion column 16 in the guide rod 11 to move radially back and forth towards the suction area. In this way, the rotation of the inner disc 10 is used to control the extrusion column 16 to compress the chips stuck in the suction area.

[0037] S4. During the radial movement of the extrusion column 16 towards the suction area, the ring gear 22 meshes with the tooth edge 21 to realize the rotation of the extrusion column 16. In this way, the sharp edges and corners of the chips are rubbed by the rotating extrusion column 16.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-boring processing device for a speed reducer, characterized in that, Comprising: A processing table (1) for fixing the main body of the speed reducer (2); A motor (3) drivingly connected to the main body of the speed reducer (2) through a connecting flange; A sleeve (4) fixed on the processing table (1), the inner wall of which is provided with a spiral track (5) and an end annular groove (6); An outer disc (7) movably arranged in the sleeve (4), provided with a plug (8) for inserting the rotating shaft of the speed reducer (2) and a turning tool (9); An inner disc (10) connected to the outer disc (7) through a guide rod (11), the guide rod (11) penetrating the inner disc (10) and an elastic member (12) being provided between the two; A fitting block (13) arranged on the outer circumference of the inner disc (10), moving along the spiral track (5) and finally entering the annular groove (6); A round cover (14) fixed to the inner disc (10) and located between the outer disc (7) and the sleeve (4).

2. The self-boring machining device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod (11) is of a hollow structure, penetrating the outer disc (7) to form a suction port (15) for sucking cutting debris.

3. The self-boring machining device of a speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Inside the guide rod (11) are provided: An extrusion column (16) capable of radial movement; A magnetic sheet (17) arranged on the inner wall of the guide rod (11) for adsorbing the extrusion column (16) to displace it from the suction port (15); A top block (18) is arranged inside the annular groove (6) to push the fitting block (13) to displace the inner disc (10); A sliding port (19) and a convex block (20), when the inner disc (10) is displaced, the convex block (20) drives the extrusion column (16) to compress the suction area.

4. A self-boring processing device for a speed reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Toothed edges (21) are arranged on the inner wall of the guide rod (11), and annular teeth (22) are arranged at the end of the extrusion column (16), and the annular teeth (22) mesh with the toothed edges (21) during the extrusion action to realize self-rotation.

5. The self-boring machining device of a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning tool (9) realizes radial and axial position adjustment through an adjustment device.

6. The self-boring processing device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a debris recovery system, and the guide rod (11) is connected to a negative pressure generator through a corrugated pipe.

7. The self-boring processing device of a speed reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment device includes an axial adjustment module and a radial adjustment module, wherein: The axial adjustment module includes a worm and worm gear assembly, and the worm is rotated to drive the worm gear connected to the turning tool (9) to realize axial displacement; The radial adjustment module is provided with a fine adjustment screw with scale marks and a locking nut, and the radial feed of the turning tool (9) is controlled by rotating the screw.

8. A method of using a self-boring machining device for a speed reducer, using a self-boring machining device for a speed reducer as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Fix the speed reducer (2) according to the position on the processing table (1), insert the rotating shaft of the speed reducer (2) into the plug (8) for connection, and then install the motor (3) to drive the speed reducer (2), the plug (8), and the outer disc (7) to rotate; S2. The outer disc (7) drives the inner disc (10) to rotate by using the guide rod (11), and the synchronously moving fitting block (13) enters the annular groove (6) along the track (5) to drive the inner disc (10) to approach the outer disc (7), so that the elastic member (12) squeezes the turning tool (9) on the outer disc (7) to fit the speed reducer (2) for turning; S3. The suction port (15) sucks the debris generated by the machining and discharges it through the guide rod (11). During the rotation of the insert block (13) along the annular groove (6), the top block (18) pushes the inner disk (10) to reciprocate along the guide rod (11), and the convex block (20) is used to push the extrusion column (16) in the guide rod (11) to move reciprocally in the radial direction towards the suction area, so as to use the self-rotation of the inner disk (10) to control the extrusion column (16) to compress the debris stuck in the suction area; S4. During the process of the extrusion column (16) moving radially towards the suction area, the ring teeth (22) engage with the tooth edge (21) to realize the self-rotation of the extrusion column (16), so as to use the rolling extrusion column (16) to friction the sharp edges and sharp corners of the debris.

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