Photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature and a control method, and the photoelectric sensor comprises a housing which is internally provided with a photoelectric conversion module; the temperature detection modules are distributed on the periphery of the photoelectric conversion module and the surface of the key heating element and used for collecting temperature data of multiple positions in real time; the control module receives a signal of the temperature detection module and calculates the temperature gradient and the change trend; and the temperature adjusting module comprises an active refrigeration unit, a forced heat dissipation unit and a thermal resistance adjusting unit and is controlled by the control module to execute a composite temperature control strategy. By integrating a temperature closed-loop feedback mechanism and a multi-mode adjustment means, the problem of photoelectric characteristic drift caused by temperature fluctuation of a traditional photoelectric sensor is solved. According to the control method, a dynamic priority strategy is adopted, an active refrigeration mode, a passive heat dissipation mode or a thermal resistance adjusting mode is selected according to the temperature deviation amplitude and the change rate, and a temperature threshold value is corrected in real time in combination with photoelectric output signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of optoelectronic sensing technology and intelligent temperature control technology, and particularly relates to an optoelectronic sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature and a control method therefor. Background Art

[0002] An optoelectronic temperature sensor is a device that uses the photoelectric effect for temperature measurement, and its working principle is based on the combination of thermal radiation and photoelectric conversion technology. By receiving the infrared radiation emitted by the target object, the sensor converts it into an electrical signal, and then measures and displays the temperature of the object. Such sensors have the characteristics of non-contact measurement, fast response speed, wide measurement range, etc., and are widely used in many fields such as industry, medical treatment, and scientific research.

[0003] Traditional optoelectronic sensors use passive heat dissipation or simple constant temperature control, and have defects such as response lag, difficulty in eliminating local overheating, and high energy consumption. For example, the traditional passive heat dissipation method and simple constant temperature control method of traditional optoelectronic sensors result in a slow response speed of the sensor to temperature changes, unable to meet the requirements of real-time measurement and rapid adjustment, especially prominent in scenarios with high precision and fast response. Moreover, the working state of the sensor is directly affected by the ambient temperature, and the traditional heat dissipation method is difficult to ensure that the sensor is at the optimal working temperature, resulting in a decrease in measurement accuracy and stability. Existing technologies are often designed for specific environments, and when facing complex and changeable environmental conditions (such as high temperature, low temperature, humidity changes, etc.), the performance of the sensor will significantly decline, affecting the use effect and service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention integrates a temperature closed-loop feedback mechanism and multi-modal adjustment means to solve the problem of photoelectric characteristic drift of traditional optoelectronic sensors caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An optoelectronic sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature, comprising:

[0008] A housing, internally provided with an optoelectronic conversion module;

[0009] A temperature detection module, distributed around the optoelectronic conversion module and on the surfaces of key heat-generating components, for real-time collecting temperature data at multiple positions;

[0010] A control module, receiving the signals of the temperature detection module and calculating the temperature gradient and change trend;

[0011] The temperature regulation module, including an active refrigeration unit, a forced heat dissipation unit and a thermal resistance regulation unit, is controlled by the control module to execute a composite temperature control strategy.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the temperature detection module includes:

[0013] At least three thin-film temperature sensors are arranged in a circular array on the edge of the optoelectronic conversion chip carrier;

[0014] The infrared thermal imaging unit is installed facing the heating element;

[0015] The signal processing circuit performs Kalman filtering and nonlinear compensation on the original temperature data.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the control module includes:

[0017] An embedded PID controller generates a basic adjustment instruction according to the deviation between the set temperature and the measured temperature;

[0018] A fuzzy logic decision-making unit dynamically adjusts the PID parameters based on the temperature change rate, the ambient temperature and the signal-to-noise ratio of the optoelectronic output signal;

[0019] A mode switching logic triggers an emergency cooling protocol when it detects that the temperature mutation exceeds the threshold.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the active refrigeration unit is a micro thermoelectric cooler (TEC), whose cold end face is in direct contact with the optoelectronic conversion module through a high thermal conductivity graphene gasket, and the hot end face is connected to a heat dissipation fin group with an adjustable angle.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the forced heat dissipation unit includes:

[0022] A brushless micro fan, whose rotation speed is controlled in stages by a PWM signal;

[0023] A diversion channel, the inner wall of which is provided with temperature-responsive shape memory alloy blades, which can automatically expand the cross-sectional area of the air duct as the temperature rises.

[0024] As a preferred solution, the thermal resistance regulation unit is a variable thermal conductivity structure filled with a phase change material, including:

[0025] A double-layer vacuum cavity, which is embedded with a telescopic metal thermal bridge;

[0026] An electronically controlled micro valve adjusts the flow path of the phase change material between the cavities to change the overall thermal resistance.

[0027] A control method for an optoelectronic sensor with automatic temperature adjustment includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Calculate the equivalent core temperature of the optoelectronic conversion module through a multi-sensor fusion algorithm;

[0029] S2. Select the temperature control target curve according to the current working mode (constant temperature mode / rapid response mode / low power mode);

[0030] S3. Adopt feedforward-feedback composite control:

[0031] The feedforward part predicts the temperature rise trend based on the working current of the optoelectronic module;

[0032] The feedback part dynamically adjusts the TEC current and the fan speed using the fuzzy PID algorithm;

[0033] S4. When local overheating is detected, start the thermal resistance adjustment unit to reconstruct the priority of the heat dissipation path.

[0034] As a preferred solution, the optoelectronic signal quality evaluation index Q is introduced in S3. When the Q value is lower than the set threshold, the temperature control accuracy level is automatically increased, specifically including:

[0035] Shorten the control period to 1 / 3 of the original period;

[0036] Switch to the high-resolution PWM drive mode;

[0037] Activate redundant temperature sensors for cross-verification.

[0038] (III) Beneficial effects

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an optoelectronic sensor and a control method capable of automatically adjusting the temperature, having the following beneficial effects:

[0040] First, the present invention solves the problem of optoelectronic characteristic drift caused by temperature fluctuations in traditional optoelectronic sensors by integrating a temperature closed-loop feedback mechanism and multi-modal adjustment means. The device includes an optoelectronic conversion module, a temperature detection module (including a distributed temperature sensor array), an intelligent control module (integrating PID algorithm and fuzzy logic control), and a multi-stage temperature adjustment module (thermoelectric cooler, micro fan, variable heat conduction structure). The control method adopts a dynamic priority strategy, selects the active refrigeration, passive heat dissipation or thermal resistance adjustment mode according to the temperature deviation amplitude and change rate, and combines the optoelectronic output signal to correct the temperature threshold in real time. Description of the drawings

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the optoelectronic sensor of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the temperature control method of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of the present invention, the following will further illustrate an optoelectronic sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature and its control method according to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] Reference Figure 1-2 , an optoelectronic sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to the present invention includes:

[0046] A housing with an optoelectronic conversion module disposed inside;

[0047] A temperature detection module distributed around the optoelectronic conversion module and on the surfaces of key heat-generating components, for real-time acquisition of temperature data at multiple positions;

[0048] A control module that receives signals from the temperature detection module and calculates the temperature gradient and change trend;

[0049] A temperature adjustment module, including an active refrigeration unit, a forced heat dissipation unit, and a thermal resistance adjustment unit, which is controlled by the control module to execute a composite temperature control strategy.

[0050] Specifically, its system temperature detection module includes:

[0051] At least three thin-film temperature sensors are arranged in a circular array on the edge of the optoelectronic conversion chip carrier, and the three sensors are arranged in a circle and installed around the optoelectronic conversion module;

[0052] The infrared thermal imaging unit is installed facing the heat-generating component, facing the heat-generating component, and installed at an appropriate position in the housing to capture thermal imaging data;

[0053] The signal processing circuit performs Kalman filtering and nonlinear compensation on the original temperature data, receives the signals from the temperature sensors, and transmits the filtered and compensated signals to the control module.

[0054] The control module is arranged in the upper left corner of the housing, and it includes:

[0055] An embedded PID controller that generates a basic adjustment instruction based on the deviation between the set temperature and the measured temperature, receives the temperature signal, and generates a basic adjustment instruction;

[0056] A fuzzy logic decision unit that dynamically adjusts the PID parameters based on the temperature change rate, ambient temperature, and signal-to-noise ratio of the optoelectronic output signal;

[0057] A mode switching logic that triggers an emergency cooling protocol when a temperature mutation exceeding the threshold is detected.

[0058] From the temperature detection module to the control module, they are connected by signal lines to transmit temperature data; from the control module to the temperature detection, they are connected by control lines to send adjustment instructions.

[0059] More specifically, the present invention is further provided with an active refrigeration unit, which is a micro thermoelectric cooler (TEC), installed on the back or bottom of the photoelectric conversion module. Its cold end face is in direct contact with the photoelectric conversion module through a high thermal conductivity graphene gasket, and its hot end face is connected to a heat dissipation fin group with adjustable angles.

[0060] The forced heat dissipation unit includes:

[0061] A brushless micro fan, whose rotation speed is controlled in stages by a PWM signal, is installed on the top of the housing to ensure smooth air flow;

[0062] A diversion channel, the inner wall of which is provided with temperature-responsive shape memory alloy blades that can automatically expand the cross-sectional area of the air duct as the temperature rises. It is designed beside the fan and contains shape memory alloy blades inside to optimize the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0063] From its active refrigeration unit to the photoelectric conversion module, heat management is directly carried out through thermal conduction contact.

[0064] Furthermore, the thermal resistance adjustment unit of the present invention is a variable thermal conductivity structure filled with phase change materials, including:

[0065] A double-layer vacuum cavity, embedded with a telescopic metal thermal bridge, is installed at the bottom or side of the housing;

[0066] An electronically controlled micro valve, which adjusts the flow path of the phase change material between the cavities to change the overall thermal resistance, controls the flow of the phase change material, and adjusts the thermal resistance.

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] A control method for an automatically temperature-adjustable photoelectric sensor of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Calculate the equivalent core temperature of the photoelectric conversion module through a multi-sensor fusion algorithm;

[0070] S2. Select a temperature control target curve according to the current working mode (constant temperature mode / quick response mode / low power consumption mode);

[0071] S3. Adopt a feedforward-feedback composite control:

[0072] The feedforward part predicts the temperature rise trend based on the working current of the photoelectric module;

[0073] The feedback part dynamically adjusts the TEC current and the fan rotation speed by using a fuzzy PID algorithm;

[0074] S4. When local overheating is detected, start the thermal resistance adjustment unit to reconstruct the priority of the heat dissipation path.

[0075] Further, an optoelectronic signal quality evaluation index Q is introduced in S3. When the Q value is lower than the set threshold, the temperature control accuracy level is automatically increased, specifically including:

[0076] Shorten the control period to 1 / 3 of the original period;

[0077] Switch to a high-resolution PWM drive mode;

[0078] Activate redundant temperature sensors for cross-verification.

[0079] Specifically, the specific implementation steps of the temperature control method in this embodiment are as follows:

[0080] Step S1: Calculate the equivalent core temperature of the optoelectronic conversion module by the multi-sensor fusion algorithm, specifically including:

[0081] Multi-sensor data acquisition: Use multiple thin-film temperature sensors and an infrared thermal imaging unit to collect temperature data of the optoelectronic conversion module and the surrounding environment in real time;

[0082] Data fusion and filtering: Fusion the signals of each sensor through the Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate noise and improve signal precision;

[0083] Equivalent core temperature calculation: Based on the fused temperature data, calculate the equivalent core temperature of the optoelectronic conversion module through weighted average or spatial distribution model.

[0084] Step S2: Select the temperature control target curve according to the working mode

[0085] 1. Working mode classification:

[0086] Constant temperature mode: Suitable for high-precision optoelectronic devices, keeping the temperature fluctuating around the set value;

[0087] Fast response mode: Suitable for environments with rapid temperature changes, optimizing the response speed;

[0088] Low power consumption mode: Suitable for battery-powered devices, optimizing energy consumption.

[0089] 2. Mode selection basis: Automatically select the working mode through environmental parameters (such as temperature change rate, light intensity) and user settings;

[0090] 3. Temperature target curve: According to the selected mode, load the corresponding temperature target curve and use it as a reference for subsequent control.

[0091] Step S3: Feedforward-feedback composite control

[0092] 1. Feedforward control part:

[0093] Based on the working current of the optoelectronic module, predict the temperature change trend through the established temperature rise model;

[0094] Convert the current parameter into a temperature rise prediction value using a mathematical expression or a learned mapping relationship.

[0095] 2. Feedback control part:

[0096] Use the fuzzy PID algorithm to adjust the TEC current and the fan speed in real time;

[0097] Dynamically adjust the PID parameters (proportional coefficient kp, integral coefficient ki, derivative coefficient kd) according to the temperature change rate and the system response time.

[0098] 3. Adaptive optimization:

[0099] Introduce an adaptive control algorithm to automatically adjust the control parameters according to environmental changes to maintain the best control effect;

[0100] Continuously optimize the control model through online learning or parameter estimation to adapt to different working conditions.

[0101] Step S4: Local overheat detection and thermal resistance adjustment

[0102] 1. Overheat detection:

[0103] Analyze the temperature distribution of the photovoltaic conversion module through infrared thermal imaging or multi-point temperature sensor data;

[0104] When the temperature of a certain area is detected to exceed the set threshold, trigger the overheat response mechanism.

[0105] 2. Thermal resistance adjustment start:

[0106] Activate the thermal resistance adjustment unit and optimize the heat dissipation path through the flow control of the phase change material;

[0107] Adjust the electro-controlled microvalve to change the material flow direction and speed to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0108] 3. Thermal resistance optimization:

[0109] Realize dynamic thermal conductivity adjustment through a double-layer vacuum cavity and a telescopic metal thermal bridge;

[0110] Continuously optimize the thermal resistance structure according to the real-time temperature feedback to ensure the heat dissipation performance.

[0111] Furthermore, in step S3, introduce the optoelectronic signal quality evaluation index Q, where:

[0112] Index definition:

[0113] Q = f(signal-to-noise ratio, volatility, response time), which is comprehensively calculated through a mathematical model and reflects the stability and quality of the optoelectronic signal.

[0114] Q - value Monitoring and Response:

[0115] When the Q - value is lower than the set threshold, the high - precision control mode is automatically triggered:

[0116] Shorten the control cycle: Shorten the PWM control cycle to 1 / 3 of the original to improve the response speed;

[0117] High - resolution PWM drive: Increase the resolution of the PWM signal to achieve more precise temperature control adjustment;

[0118] Redundant sensor cross - verification: Activate redundant temperature sensors, compare multi - sensor data to ensure the accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0119] Redundant sensor management:

[0120] Sensor fault detection: Judge the sensor status through data consistency check;

[0121] Sensor isolation mechanism: When a faulty sensor is detected, automatically switch to the reliable sensor data;

[0122] Dynamic sensor weight adjustment: Adjust the weight during data fusion according to the real - time performance of the sensor to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0123] The present invention realizes the temperature control accuracy through multi - sensor fusion and fuzzy PID algorithm. Its adaptive PID control and composite temperature control strategy can further improve the response speed. Kalman filtering and redundant sensor cross - verification effectively improve the anti - noise ability of the system. And this scheme supports multiple working modes and expansion interfaces, facilitating adaptation to the requirements of different application scenarios. The redundant design and adaptive fault detection mechanism ensure the reliable operation of the system under abnormal conditions.

[0124] It can be understood that the present invention is described through some embodiments. Those skilled in the art know that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments. Additionally, under the teaching of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature, comprising: A housing having a photoelectric conversion module disposed therein; Temperature detection modules are distributed around the photoelectric conversion module and on the surface of key heating elements, and are used to collect temperature data at multiple locations in real time; A control module receives the temperature detection module signal and calculates the temperature gradient and change trend; The temperature adjustment module includes an active cooling unit, a forced heat dissipation unit and a thermal resistance adjustment unit, and is controlled by the control module to execute a composite temperature control strategy.

2. A photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection module comprises: Three thin-film temperature sensors are arranged in a ring array on the edge of the photoelectric conversion chip carrier; The infrared thermal imaging unit is installed facing the heating element; The signal processing circuit performs Kalman filtering and nonlinear compensation on the original temperature data.

3. The photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module comprises: Embedded PID controller generates basic adjustment instructions according to the deviation between the set temperature and the measured temperature; Fuzzy logic decision unit dynamically adjusts PID parameters based on temperature change rate, ambient temperature and signal-to-noise ratio of photoelectric output signal; Mode switching logic, when a sudden temperature change exceeding the threshold is detected, an emergency cooling protocol is triggered.

4. The photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active cooling unit is a micro thermoelectric cooler (TEC), whose cold end surface is in direct contact with the photoelectric conversion module through a high thermal conductivity graphene gasket, and the hot end surface is connected to a heat dissipation fin group with an adjustable angle.

5. The photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forced heat dissipation unit comprises: Brushless micro fan, the speed is controlled by PWM signal in stages; The inner wall of the guide channel is equipped with temperature-responsive shape memory alloy blades, which can automatically expand the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct as the temperature rises.

6. The photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal resistance adjustment unit is a variable thermal conductive structure filled with phase change material, comprising: Double-layer vacuum chamber with built-in retractable metal thermal bridge; The electrically controlled microvalve adjusts the flow path of the phase change material between the cavities to change the overall thermal resistance.

7. A control method for a photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature, comprising the photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Calculate the equivalent core temperature of the photoelectric conversion module through a multi-sensor fusion algorithm; S2. Select the temperature control target curve according to the current working mode (constant temperature mode / fast response mode / low power consumption mode); S3. Adopt feedforward-feedback compound control: The feed-forward part predicts the temperature rise trend based on the working current of the photovoltaic module; The feedback part uses fuzzy PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the TEC current and fan speed; S4. When local overheating is detected, the thermal resistance adjustment unit is started to reconstruct the heat dissipation path priority.

8. The control method of a photoelectric sensor capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photoelectric signal quality evaluation index Q is introduced in S3. When the Q value is lower than the set threshold, the temperature control accuracy level is automatically improved, specifically including: Shorten the control cycle to 1 / 3 of the original cycle; Switch to high-resolution PWM drive mode; Activate redundant temperature sensors for cross-validation.

Images