Device and method for rock ultrasonic monitoring in multi-fluid saturation state

Abstract

The invention provides a rock ultrasonic monitoring device and method in a multi-fluid saturation state. The device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a cavity, a sound wave transmitting module, a sound wave receiving module, a first flow guide pipe and a second flow guide pipe, the upper portion of the cavity is connected with the first cover plate, the lower portion of the cavity is connected with the second cover plate, and the cavity is used for bearing a rock sample; the first flow guide pipe penetrates through the first cover plate and is connected with the cavity, the second flow guide pipe penetrates through the second cover plate and is connected with the cavity, and the first flow guide pipe and the second flow guide pipe are respectively used for injecting liquid into the cavity and / or discharging liquid from the cavity; a sound wave transmitting module and a sound wave receiving module are respectively arranged in a plurality of opposite surfaces except the surface adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate in the outer surface of the cavity, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with a sound wave transmitting module and a sound wave receiving module. Therefore, all-directional rock mechanical parameters of the rock in different fluid saturation states can be monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and particularly relates to a rock ultrasonic monitoring device and method for multi-fluid saturation states. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of the industrialized development and production of unconventional shale oil and gas resources, shale oil and gas exploration and development have become the focus of attention in the industry. However, the existing experimental devices can only perform directional acoustic tests on rocks after soaking treatment, resulting in large errors in the obtained rock mechanical parameters and making it difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of oil and gas exploration.

[0003] In response to the above problems, no effective solutions have been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This specification provides a rock ultrasonic monitoring device and method for multi-fluid saturation states. First, with the help of the first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe, precise regulation of the core sample under different fluid saturation states is achieved. Secondly, using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module, acoustic wave data of rock samples under different saturation states are comprehensively collected from multiple directions, realizing real-time monitoring of the rock mechanical parameters in all directions under different fluid saturation states, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability.

[0005] This specification provides a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states. The device includes a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a cavity, an acoustic wave emission module, an acoustic wave reception module, a first diversion pipe, and a second diversion pipe. Among them,

[0006] The first cover plate is connected above the cavity, and the second cover plate is connected below the cavity. The cavity is used to carry the rock sample;

[0007] The first diversion pipe penetrates through the first cover plate and is connected to the cavity. The second diversion pipe penetrates through the second cover plate and is connected to the cavity. The first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe are respectively used to inject liquid into the cavity and discharge liquid from the cavity to obtain rock samples under different fluid saturation states;

[0008] Among the multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except for the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate, the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module are respectively arranged. The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module; the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module are used to perform multi-directional acoustic wave monitoring on rock samples under different fluid saturation states to obtain the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states.

[0009] In one embodiment, the acoustic wave transmitting module includes a longitudinal wave transmitting sub-module and a shear wave transmitting sub-module, and the acoustic wave receiving module includes a longitudinal wave receiving sub-module and a shear wave receiving sub-module, wherein there is a preset corresponding relationship between the number of the longitudinal wave transmitting sub-modules and the number of the shear wave transmitting sub-modules, and there is a preset corresponding relationship between the number of the longitudinal wave receiving sub-modules and the number of the shear wave receiving sub-modules.

[0010] In one embodiment, the device further includes a backpressure valve, wherein the second diversion pipe is used to discharge liquid from the cavity, and the backpressure valve is connected to the second diversion pipe.

[0011] In one embodiment, the device further includes support columns, bolts, rubber gaskets and sealing rings, wherein both ends of the support columns are respectively connected to the first cover plate and the second cover plate through the bolts, and rubber gaskets are arranged at the connection points, and both ends of the cavity are respectively connected to the first cover plate and the second cover plate through the sealing rings.

[0012] In one embodiment, the device further includes fixing grooves, wherein the fixing grooves are arranged on the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the fixing grooves are used to carry the acoustic wave transmitting module or the acoustic wave receiving module.

[0013] This specification also provides a method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks in a multi-fluid saturated state, which is applied to a device for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks in a multi-fluid saturated state. The method includes:

[0014] Using the first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe, injecting corresponding liquids into the rock sample in the cavity multiple times to obtain rock samples in multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0015] Using the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module, performing acoustic wave monitoring on the rock samples in the preset fluid saturation states to determine the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0016] According to the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states, determining the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock samples under the multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0017] Using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock samples in the preset fluid saturation states, determining the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock samples.

[0018] In one embodiment, the acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under the preset fluid saturation state include a first acoustic wave velocity and a second acoustic wave velocity. The first acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module arranged on the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the second acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module arranged on multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except for the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate.

[0019] In one embodiment, determining the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample by using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state includes:

[0020] Determining the fracture parameters and the discontinuous surface distribution data of the target well according to the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state and the logging data of the target well;

[0021] Determining the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample according to the fracture parameters and the discontinuous surface distribution data of the target well.

[0022] This specification also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions. When the processor executes the instructions, a method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks in a multi-fluid saturation state is implemented.

[0023] This specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed, a method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks in a multi-fluid saturation state is implemented.

[0024] A rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states provided in this specification, the device includes a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a cavity, an acoustic wave emission module, an acoustic wave reception module, a first diversion pipe, and a second diversion pipe. Among them, the first cover plate is connected above the cavity, the second cover plate is connected below the cavity, and the cavity is used to carry a rock sample; the first diversion pipe penetrates through the first cover plate and is connected to the cavity, the second diversion pipe penetrates through the second cover plate and is connected to the cavity, and the first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe are respectively used to inject liquid into the cavity and discharge liquid from the cavity to obtain rock samples in different fluid saturation states; among multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except for the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate, the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module are respectively configured, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively configured with the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module; the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module are used to perform multi-directional acoustic wave monitoring on rock samples in different fluid saturation states to obtain acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states. In this way, first, with the help of the first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe, precise control is carried out on the core sample under different fluid saturation states. Second, by using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module, acoustic wave data of rock samples in different saturation states are comprehensively collected from multiple directions, realizing real-time monitoring of the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters under different fluid saturation states, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of another rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a rock ultrasonic monitoring method for multi-fluid saturation states provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi - fluid saturation state provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0031] Figure 6 It is an overall diagram of a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi - fluid saturation state provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a top view of a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi - fluid saturation state provided by an embodiment of this specification;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the cavity of a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi - fluid saturation state provided by an embodiment of this specification.

[0034] Legend:

[0035] 10. First cover plate; 20. Second cover plate; 30. Cavity; 40. Acoustic wave emission module; 41. Longitudinal wave emission sub - module; 42. Transverse wave emission sub - module; 50. Acoustic wave reception module; 51. Longitudinal wave reception sub - module; 52. Transverse wave reception sub - module; 60. First diversion pipe; 70. Second diversion pipe; 80. Back - pressure valve; 90. Support column; 100. Bolt; 110. Rubber gasket; 120. Sealing ring; 130. Fixed groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0037] With the industrial development and production of unconventional shale oil and gas resources, the exploration and development of shale oil and gas have attracted extensive attention worldwide. Rock physics is a bridge connecting geological reservoir parameters and material property data. In recent years, the research of rock physics has also been developing towards the rock physics of unconventional reservoirs, and many scholars at home and abroad have conducted a large number of studies on the physical properties of shale reservoirs. Ultrasonic testing generates ultrasonic waves through a pulse transmitter. The ultrasonic waves propagate in the specimen and interact with regions with heterogeneous characteristics such as defects and pores in it, changing the propagation direction and characteristics. Then, the changed ultrasonic waves are received by a receiver, and the defect characteristics inside the specimen can be evaluated based on the characteristics of the received ultrasonic waves. Sound waves are very sensitive to the mineral composition, microfractures and other microstructures in shale. Therefore, a large amount of microstructure information inside shale can be obtained through wave velocity and waveform transformation. At the shale oil and gas exploration and development site, the change in the elastic wave velocity of shale is directly related to the fluid properties of the oil and gas content in the reservoir. However, the existing experimental devices can only study the sound waves of rocks, and there is still a lack of research devices for monitoring the change in the mechanical properties of the core during the fluid saturation process.

[0038] Regarding the root cause of the above problems, first of all, this specification precisely regulates the core sample under different fluid saturation states by means of the first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe. Secondly, by using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module, the acoustic wave data of rock samples in different saturation states are comprehensively collected from multiple directions, realizing the real-time monitoring of the mechanical parameters of rocks in all directions under different fluid saturation states, thus significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability.

[0039] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of this specification provides a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states. Specifically, when implemented, the device may include the following:

[0040] The first cover plate 10 is connected above the cavity 30, the second cover plate 20 is connected below the cavity 30, and the cavity 30 is used to carry the rock sample;

[0041] The first diversion pipe 60 penetrates through the first cover plate 10 and is connected to the cavity 30, the second diversion pipe 70 penetrates through the second cover plate 20 and is connected to the cavity 30. The first diversion pipe 60 and the second diversion pipe 70 are respectively used to inject liquid into the cavity 30 and / or discharge liquid from the cavity 30 to obtain rock samples in different fluid saturation states;

[0042] Among a plurality of opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity 30 except for the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 20, the acoustic wave transmitting module 40 and the acoustic wave receiving module 50 are respectively arranged, and the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 20 are respectively provided with the acoustic wave transmitting module 40 and the acoustic wave receiving module 50; the acoustic wave transmitting module 40 and the acoustic wave receiving module 50 are used for performing multi-directional acoustic wave monitoring on a rock sample in different fluid saturation states to obtain acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states.

[0043] Among them, the above-mentioned cavity 30 can have six planes (i.e., three pairs of opposite surfaces), and the material of the cavity 30 can be hard thin plastic, which is conducive to acoustic wave conduction.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first diversion pipe 60 and the second diversion pipe 70 are respectively used for injecting liquid into the cavity 30 and discharging liquid from the cavity 30 to obtain a rock sample in different fluid saturation states. Specifically, in implementation, it may further include:

[0045] The first diversion pipe 60 injects liquid into the cavity 30, and the second diversion pipe 70 discharges liquid from the cavity 30 to obtain a rock sample in different fluid saturation states;

[0046] Or the first diversion pipe 60 discharges liquid from the cavity 30, and the second diversion pipe 70 injects liquid into the cavity 30 to obtain a rock sample in different fluid saturation states;

[0047] Or the first diversion pipe 60 injects liquid into the cavity 30, and the second diversion pipe 70 injects liquid into the cavity 30 to obtain a rock sample in different fluid saturation states.

[0048] In some embodiments, the cavity 30 may further include a third diversion pipe and a fourth diversion pipe, which are respectively arranged on different surfaces of the cavity 30 to enhance the flexibility and uniformity of fluid control. The third diversion pipe and the fourth diversion pipe can be used to finely regulate the flow path of the fluid in the cavity 30, make the injection and discharge of the liquid more uniform, thereby effectively reducing the local saturation difference, improving the stability and repeatability of the experiment. In addition, these diversion pipes can also be used to introduce different types of fluids to simulate the multiphase fluid seepage process under a complex formation environment, providing more comprehensive data support for in-depth research on the influence of fluids on the mechanical properties of rocks.

[0049] Based on the above embodiments, through the flexible configuration of the first diversion pipe 60 and the second diversion pipe 70, precise injection and discharge of the liquid in the cavity 30 can be achieved, the fluid content, pore size distribution, and permeability of the core can be monitored, and thus rock samples in different fluid saturation states can be prepared. This design can simulate the diverse saturation conditions of rocks in complex underground environments, precisely regulate the saturation of rock samples, and enable the experiment to comprehensively reflect the changes in mechanical parameters of rocks under different saturation states.

[0050] In some embodiments, the acoustic wave emission module 40 includes a longitudinal wave emission sub-module 41 and a transverse wave emission sub-module 42, and the acoustic wave reception module 50 includes a longitudinal wave reception sub-module 51 and a transverse wave reception sub-module 52. Among them, there is a preset correspondence relationship between the number of the longitudinal wave emission sub-module 41 and the number of the transverse wave emission sub-module 42, and there is a preset correspondence relationship between the number of the longitudinal wave reception sub-module 51 and the number of the transverse wave reception sub-module 52. Among them, the materials of the longitudinal wave emission sub-module, the transverse wave emission sub-module, the longitudinal wave reception sub-module, and the transverse wave reception sub-module can be piezoelectric ceramics.

[0051] In some embodiments, the device further includes a backpressure valve 80. Among them, the second diversion pipe 70 is used to discharge the liquid from the cavity 30, and the backpressure valve 80 is connected to the second diversion pipe 70.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, during the injection process, as the liquid continuously enters the cavity 30, the internal pressure of the cavity 30 may rise rapidly, exceeding the designed safety range, resulting in obstruction of the injection process or abnormal equipment. By setting the backpressure valve 80, excess liquid and pressure can be released in a timely manner when the pressure is too high, ensuring that the pressure in the cavity 30 is maintained within the preset range, thereby guaranteeing the stable injection and discharge of the liquid and ensuring the smooth progress of the preparation process of rock samples in different fluid saturation states.

[0053] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 as shown, the device further includes a support column 90, bolts 100, rubber gaskets 110, and sealing rings 120. Among them, both ends of the support column 90 are respectively connected to the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 20 through the bolts 100, and rubber gaskets 110 are arranged at the connection points. Both ends of the cavity 30 are respectively connected to the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 20 through the sealing rings 120.

[0054] Among them, the above-mentioned support column 90 is mainly used to provide structural support and stability, ensuring that each structure remains relatively fixed and correctly installed during operation, and preventing equipment deformation or displacement caused by vibration or stress generated during operation; while the sealing ring 120 is used to form a tight sealing layer at key connection parts, effectively preventing liquid leakage, maintaining the stable pressure inside the cavity 30, and thus improving the overall safety and working reliability of the equipment.

[0055] In some embodiments, the device further includes a fixing groove 130. Among them, the fixing groove 130 is configured on the first cover plate 10 and the second cover plate 20, and the fixing groove 130 is used to carry the acoustic wave transmitting module 40 or the acoustic wave receiving module 50.

[0056] Among them, after the acoustic wave transmitting module 40 or the acoustic wave receiving module 50 is placed in the above-mentioned fixing groove 130, epoxy resin glue can be filled to fix the acoustic wave transmitting module 40 or the acoustic wave receiving module 50.

[0057] As can be seen from the above, an ultrasonic monitoring device for rocks in a multi-fluid saturated state provided by the embodiments of this specification, the device includes a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a cavity, an acoustic wave transmitting module, an acoustic wave receiving module, a first diversion pipe, and a second diversion pipe. Among them, the first cover plate is connected above the cavity, and the second cover plate is connected below the cavity. The cavity is used to carry rock samples; the first diversion pipe penetrates through the first cover plate and is connected to the cavity, and the second diversion pipe penetrates through the second cover plate and is connected to the cavity. The first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe are respectively used to inject liquid into the cavity and / or discharge liquid from the cavity to obtain rock samples in different fluid saturated states; among multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except for the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate, the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module are respectively configured, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively configured with the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module; the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module are used to perform multi-directional acoustic wave monitoring on rock samples in different fluid saturated states to obtain acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturated states. In this way, first, with the help of the first diversion pipe and the second diversion pipe, precise regulation of the core sample under different fluid saturated states is achieved. Secondly, by using the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module, acoustic wave data of rock samples in different saturated states are comprehensively collected from multiple directions, realizing real-time monitoring of the mechanical parameters of rocks in all directions under different fluid saturated states, thus significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability.

[0058] Refer to Figure 3As shown, the embodiment of this specification also provides a method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks under multi-fluid saturation state, the method is applied to a rock ultrasonic monitoring device under multi-fluid saturation state, the method includes:

[0059] S301: using the first flow guide tube and the second flow guide tube, injecting corresponding liquid into the rock sample in the cavity for multiple times to obtain rock samples under multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0060] S302: Using the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module, acoustic wave monitoring is performed on the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state to determine the acoustic wave velocity of the rock sample in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0061] S303: determining the various rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the multiple preset fluid saturation states according to the acoustic wave velocities in multiple directions of the rock sample under the multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0062] S304: Determine an oil and gas exploration strategy for a target well corresponding to the rock sample by using the various rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state.

[0063] In some embodiments, the use of the first flow guide tube and the second flow guide tube to inject corresponding liquids into the rock sample in the cavity multiple times to obtain rock samples under multiple preset fluid saturation states may include:

[0064] The first and second flow conduits are used to precisely control the amount of liquid injected into the cavity. By adjusting the injection and discharge rates and pressures, the rock sample can reach a preset fluid saturation state in the cavity. Specifically, when the first flow conduit is used to inject liquid into the cavity and the second flow conduit is used to discharge the liquid, by accurately measuring the difference between the injection and discharge amounts, the liquid can be evenly distributed in the rock pores in a short time, thereby ensuring that the sample reaches a predetermined saturation. This process automatically adjusts the injection and discharge rates by real-time monitoring of the pressure and flow data in the cavity, effectively reducing the sample saturation error caused by uneven fluid distribution.

[0065] Furthermore, the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube can also be operated in different combinations. For example, the first diversion tube is used to discharge liquid, the second diversion tube is used to inject liquid, or both are used to inject liquid. Through these different liquid regulation methods, various fluid saturation states of rocks in complex underground geological environments can be simulated, providing more dimensional data support for the testing of rock mechanical parameters in the laboratory. This not only helps to accurately restore actual reservoir conditions, but also provides a scientific basis and technical guarantee for reservoir evaluation, fracture identification, and development design optimization in oil and gas exploration, while improving efficiency.

[0066] Furthermore, using the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube, corresponding liquids are injected into the rock sample in the cavity multiple times, and each injection is precisely controlled to achieve a specific fluid saturation. Specifically, during the initial injection, by setting the injection volume and pressure, the rock sample is brought to a preset low saturation state; subsequently, according to a predetermined plan, the volume of the injected liquid is gradually increased or the liquid injection parameters are adjusted to make the sample reach medium or high saturation states in sequence.

[0067] In addition, when the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube inject liquid simultaneously, multiple pressure sensors can be installed in the cavity, and the pressure in the cavity can be precisely regulated through a backpressure valve to ensure the stability and controllability of the fluid saturation process. In addition, a staged liquid injection and drainage strategy can be adopted: in the first stage, liquid is injected into the cavity through the first diversion tube while liquid is discharged through the second diversion tube to gradually adjust the fluid saturation state of the rock sample; in the second stage, the operation is reversed, that is, the first diversion tube discharges liquid and the second diversion tube injects liquid, thereby further optimizing the fluid saturation uniformity and ensuring that the experimental conditions are closer to the real formation environment.

[0068] In some embodiments, using the acoustic emission module and the acoustic reception module, acoustic monitoring is performed on the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state to determine the acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states. Specifically, the implementation may include:

[0069] In the preset fluid saturation state, first, the acoustic emission module and the acoustic reception module are used to perform omnidirectional acoustic monitoring on the rock sample. This monitoring module can emit ultrasonic pulses from multiple preset angles (such as the X, Y, Z and their included angle directions in the Cartesian coordinate system) and ensure that the signals propagate into the interior of the rock sample in different directions, thus providing a multi-angle perspective for subsequent data collection.

[0070] In each preset direction, when acoustic waves propagate inside the rock, they are affected by factors such as the internal structure, fluid saturation, and microfractures, resulting in changes in the propagation time, amplitude, and waveform. The acoustic wave receiving module captures these changes and further calculates the acoustic wave velocities in each direction by precisely measuring the time difference from the emission to the reception of ultrasonic waves and the waveform characteristics. This method can reveal the propagation characteristics of the rock sample in different directions and provide key data for evaluating the anisotropic mechanical parameters of the rock.

[0071] By integrating the acoustic wave velocity data obtained in multiple directions, a three-dimensional acoustic model of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state can be established, and the anisotropic mechanical parameters of the rock (such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc.) can be inversely calculated using the elastic theory formula. This all-round and multi-angle detection method not only improves the measurement accuracy and data reliability but also provides detailed experimental basis for applications such as oil and gas exploration, reservoir evaluation, and fracture identification.

[0072] In some embodiments, for determining the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the multiple preset fluid saturation states based on the acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under the multiple preset fluid saturation states, in specific implementation, it may include:

[0073] The anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state can be determined according to the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] where E is the Young's modulus or elastic modulus among the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters, v is the Poisson's ratio among the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters, K is the bulk modulus among the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters, G is the shear modulus among the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters, v p is the longitudinal wave velocity, v s is the transverse wave velocity, and ρ is the density.

[0076] Furthermore, based on the acoustic wave velocity data measured from multiple directions of the rock sample under multiple preset fluid saturation states, the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters (such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc.) under each preset saturation state can be inversely calculated respectively. In practical applications, although mechanical parameters under multiple saturation states such as low, medium, and high can be obtained, finally, according to the actual formation conditions of the target well area, the preset fluid saturation state closest to the underground reservoir will be selected as the finally determined parameter state, so as to provide more accurate and reliable data support for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0077] In some embodiments, when determining the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample by using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state, the specific implementation may include:

[0078] Using the measured anisotropic rock mechanical parameters, combining laboratory data with seismic, well logging and lithology data in the target well area to formulate an oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well. This strategy can not only be used to evaluate reservoir characteristics and fracture distribution, but also guide the optimization of drilling direction, well completion design and fracturing scheme, so as to achieve accurate positioning and efficient development of oil and gas enrichment areas, and provide scientific and data-driven decision-making support for oil and gas exploration.

[0079] In some embodiments, when the method is specifically implemented, the following content may further be included:

[0080] The acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state in multiple directions include a first acoustic wave velocity and a second acoustic wave velocity. The first acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module configured on the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the second acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module configured on multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, by combining the measurement methods of the first acoustic wave velocity and the second acoustic wave velocity, the wave velocity data of the rock sample can be comprehensively obtained in different directions, so as to more accurately analyze the anisotropic characteristics of the rock.

[0082] In some embodiments, when determining the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample by using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state, the following content may further be included when the method is specifically implemented:

[0083] S1: According to the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state and the well logging data of the target well, determine the fracture parameters and the discontinuous surface distribution data of the target well;

[0084] S2: According to the fracture parameters and the discontinuous surface distribution data of the target well, determine the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample.

[0085] In some embodiments, when determining the fracture parameters and the discontinuous surface distribution data of the target well according to the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state and the well logging data of the target well, the specific implementation may include:

[0086] First, using key rock mechanics parameters such as acoustic wave velocity, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio, evaluate the anisotropic characteristics and fracture development degree of the reservoir. Secondly, combining acoustic imaging logging, microseismic monitoring data, and three-dimensional seismic inversion technology, quantitatively characterize the natural fracture system around the target well, including parameters such as the azimuth, density, dip angle, and aperture of the fractures.

[0087] Based on the above embodiments, first, with the help of the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube, precisely control the core sample under different fluid saturation states. Secondly, use the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module to comprehensively collect the acoustic wave data of the rock samples under different saturation states from multiple directions, realizing the real-time monitoring of the anisotropic rock mechanics parameters under different fluid saturation states, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability.

[0088] As can be seen from the above, a method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks under multi-fluid saturation states provided by the embodiments of this specification uses the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube to inject corresponding liquids into the rock samples in the cavity multiple times to obtain rock samples under multiple preset fluid saturation states; uses the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module to perform acoustic wave monitoring on the rock samples under the preset fluid saturation states to determine the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states; determines the anisotropic rock mechanics parameters of the rock samples under the multiple preset fluid saturation states according to the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under the multiple preset fluid saturation states; determines the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock samples using the anisotropic rock mechanics parameters of the rock samples under the preset fluid saturation states. In this way, first, with the help of the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube, precisely control the core sample under different fluid saturation states. Secondly, use the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module to comprehensively collect the acoustic wave data of the rock samples under different saturation states from multiple directions, realizing the real-time monitoring of the anisotropic rock mechanics parameters under different fluid saturation states, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability.

[0089] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, the embodiments of this specification also provide a specific electronic device, where the electronic device includes a network communication port 401, a processor 402, and a memory 403, and the above structures are connected by internal cables so that each structure can perform specific data interactions.

[0090] Among them, the network communication port 401 can specifically be used to inject corresponding liquids into the rock samples in the cavity multiple times using the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube to obtain rock samples under multiple preset fluid saturation states.

[0091] The processor 402 can specifically be used to perform acoustic wave monitoring on a rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state by using the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module, and determine the acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states; determine the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the multiple preset fluid saturation states according to the acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under the multiple preset fluid saturation states; and determine an oil and gas exploration strategy for a target well corresponding to the rock sample by using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state.

[0092] The memory 403 can specifically be used to store corresponding instruction programs.

[0093] Based on the above method, the relevant structural performance of the electronic device can be effectively utilized, the data processing speed of the electronic device can be improved, and the ultrasonic monitoring method for rocks under multiple fluid saturation states can be efficiently implemented.

[0094] In this embodiment, the network communication port 401 can be bound to different communication protocols, so as to send or receive different data. For example, the network communication port can be a virtual port responsible for web data communication, or a port responsible for FTP data communication, or a port responsible for mail data communication. In addition, the network communication port can also be a physical communication interface or communication chip. For example, it can be a wireless mobile network communication chip, such as GSM, CDMA, etc.; it can also be a Wifi chip; it can also be a Bluetooth chip.

[0095] In this embodiment, the processor 402 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the processor can take the form of, for example, a microprocessor or a processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (such as software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor, logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable logic controller, and embedded microcontroller, etc. This specification does not make any limitations.

[0096] In this embodiment, the memory 403 can include multiple levels. In a digital system, anything that can store binary data can be a memory; in an integrated circuit, a circuit with a storage function without a physical form is also called a memory, such as RAM, FIFO, etc.; in a system, a storage device with a physical form is also called a memory, such as a memory module, TF card, etc.

[0097] The embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium based on the above-mentioned ultrasonic monitoring method for rocks in a multi-fluid saturated state. By using the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube, corresponding liquids are injected into the rock sample in the cavity multiple times to obtain rock samples in multiple preset fluid saturation states; by using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module, acoustic wave monitoring is performed on the rock samples in the preset fluid saturation states to determine the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states; according to the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states, the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock samples under the multiple preset fluid saturation states are determined; by using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock samples in the preset fluid saturation states, the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock samples is determined.

[0098] In this embodiment, the above storage medium includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), cache, hard disk drive (HDD), or memory card. The memory can be used to store computer program instructions. The network communication unit can be set according to the standards specified by the communication protocol and is used for the interface of network connection communication.

[0099] In this embodiment, the functions and effects specifically implemented by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained in contrast with other embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0100] Refer to Figure 5 , at the software level, the embodiments of this specification also provide an ultrasonic monitoring device for rocks in a multi-fluid saturated state. This device can specifically include the following structural modules:

[0101] The liquid injection control module 501 is used to inject corresponding liquids into the rock sample in the cavity multiple times by using the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube to obtain rock samples in multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0102] The acoustic wave velocity determination module 502 is used to perform acoustic wave monitoring on the rock samples in the preset fluid saturation states by using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module to determine the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0103] A mechanical parameter determination module 503, configured to determine anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the multiple preset fluid saturation states according to acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions in the multiple preset fluid saturation states;

[0104] An exploration strategy determination module 504, configured to determine an oil and gas exploration strategy for a target well corresponding to the rock sample by using the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state.

[0105] In some embodiments, specifically in implementation, the acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions in the preset fluid saturation state include a first acoustic wave velocity and a second acoustic wave velocity. The first acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module configured on the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the second acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module configured on multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except for the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate.

[0106] In some embodiments, specifically in implementation, the above exploration strategy determination module 504 determines fracture parameters and discontinuity surface distribution data of the target well according to the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state and the logging data of the target well; and determines an oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample according to the fracture parameters and the discontinuity surface distribution data of the target well.

[0107] It should be noted that the units, devices, or modules, etc. described in the above embodiments can be specifically implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. For the convenience of description, when describing the above devices, they are divided into various modules according to functions for description respectively. Of course, when implementing this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware, or the modules implementing the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in an electrical, mechanical, or other form.

[0108] As can be seen from the above, based on a rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states provided in the embodiments of this specification, first, with the aid of the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube, precise regulation of the core sample under different fluid saturation states is achieved. Secondly, by using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module, acoustic wave data of the rock sample under different saturation states are comprehensively collected from multiple directions, realizing real-time monitoring of the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters under different fluid saturation states, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability.

[0109] In a specific scenario example, a rock ultrasonic monitoring device and method provided in this specification can be applied. First, with the aid of the first diversion tube and the second diversion tube, precise regulation of the core sample under different fluid saturation states is achieved. Secondly, by using the acoustic wave emission module and the acoustic wave reception module, acoustic wave data of the rock sample under different saturation states are comprehensively collected from multiple directions, realizing real-time monitoring of the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters under different fluid saturation states, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and data reliability. The specific implementation process can include the following contents.

[0110] Participate Figure 6 As shown, for the overall diagram of the rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states, it can be seen from the figure that there are three support columns, and transverse wave probes and longitudinal wave probes are respectively arranged on the six planes of the cavity. Among them, the transverse wave probes and the longitudinal wave probes can monitor the change in wave velocity of the core during the fluid saturation process in real time.

[0111] Participate Figure 7 As shown, for the top view of the rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states, it can be seen from the figure that there are two transverse wave emission sub-modules and one longitudinal wave emission sub-module, which are arranged at a right angle to ensure comprehensive collection of multi-directional acoustic wave data.

[0112] Participate Figure 8 As shown, for the cavity structure diagram of the rock ultrasonic monitoring device for multi-fluid saturation states, it can be seen from the figure that the cavity is designed with six independent planes, and corresponding acoustic wave probes can be installed on each plane, thereby realizing omnidirectional monitoring of the ultrasonic signals of the rock sample under multi-fluid saturation states.

[0113] In some embodiments, the core is placed in the cavity of the clamping module, and the device is sealed with the upper cover plate. After sealing, acoustic wave probes (i.e., acoustic wave transmitting module and acoustic wave receiving module) are placed on the outer sides of the upper and lower cover plates and the cavity. Subsequently, the fluid injection module injects fluid into the diversion port, so as to measure the change in fluid saturation of the core as the fluid is injected, and the ultrasonic wave transmitting device of the acoustic wave monitoring module emits ultrasonic waves to act on the rock specimen. The ultrasonic wave receiving device receives the ultrasonic waves changed by the rock specimen, processes the ultrasonic data to form an ultrasonic detection of the rock specimen, identifies cracks or discontinuity planes in the rock specimen, and calculates mechanical parameters such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the core. Finally, after waiting for the core to be completely saturated and the wave velocity no longer changes, the upper and lower cover plates are opened and the core is taken out.

[0114] Based on the above embodiments, an experimental device for ultrasonic monitoring under fluid saturation conditions for rocks and artificial specimens can be provided. By using ultrasonic probes, mechanical parameters such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio in each direction of the core are calculated, and the change in mechanical properties in different directions of the core during the fluid saturation process of the specimen is monitored in real time, providing an experimental platform for the non-destructive monitoring research of core saturation. This device is small, light, and easy to operate, which can improve the experimental efficiency.

[0115] Although this specification provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way among the execution orders of numerous steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or executed in parallel (for example, in an environment of parallel processors or multi-threaded processing, or even in a distributed data processing environment). The term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, product or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, product or device. Without further limitations, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product or device including the said elements is not excluded. The words such as first, second, etc. are used to represent names and do not represent any specific order.

[0116] Those skilled in the art also know that, in addition to implementing the controller in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the controller to implement the same functions in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be regarded as either software modules for implementing the method or structures within the hardware component.

[0117] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this specification can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of this specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this specification.

[0118] Although this specification is depicted through embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art know that this specification has many variations and changes without departing from the spirit of this specification. It is hoped that the appended claims will cover these variations and changes without departing from the spirit of this specification.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic monitoring device for rocks under multi-fluid saturation conditions, characterized in that: The device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a cavity, a sound wave transmitting module, a sound wave receiving module, a first flow guide tube and a second flow guide tube, wherein: The first cover plate is connected to the top of the cavity, and the second cover plate is connected to the bottom of the cavity, and the cavity is used to carry rock samples; The first flow guide pipe penetrates the first cover plate and is connected to the cavity, and the second flow guide pipe penetrates the second cover plate and is connected to the cavity. The first flow guide pipe and the second flow guide pipe are respectively used to inject liquid into the cavity and / or discharge liquid from the cavity to obtain rock samples under different fluid saturation states; The acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module are respectively configured on multiple opposite surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively configured with the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module; the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module are used to perform multi-directional acoustic wave monitoring on rock samples under different fluid saturation states to obtain the acoustic wave velocities of the rock samples in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The sound wave transmitting module includes a longitudinal wave transmitting submodule and a transverse wave transmitting submodule, and the sound wave receiving module includes a longitudinal wave receiving submodule and a transverse wave receiving submodule, wherein there is a preset corresponding relationship between the number of the longitudinal wave transmitting submodules and the number of the transverse wave transmitting submodules, and there is a preset corresponding relationship between the number of the longitudinal wave receiving submodules and the number of the transverse wave receiving submodules.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device further comprises a back pressure valve, wherein the second flow conduit is used to discharge liquid from the cavity, and the back pressure valve is connected to the second flow conduit.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes a support column, a bolt, a rubber gasket and a sealing ring, wherein the two ends of the support column are respectively connected to the first cover plate and the second cover plate through the bolts, and the connection is provided with a rubber gasket, and the two ends of the cavity are respectively connected to the first cover plate and the second cover plate through the sealing ring.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes a fixing slot, wherein The first cover plate and the second cover plate are provided with the fixing grooves, and the fixing grooves are used to carry the sound wave transmitting module or the sound wave receiving module.

6. A method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks under multi-fluid saturation conditions, characterized in that: The method is applied to the rock ultrasonic monitoring device under multi-fluid saturation state according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method comprises: Using the first flow guide tube and the second flow guide tube, injecting corresponding liquid into the rock sample in the cavity for multiple times to obtain rock samples under multiple preset fluid saturation states; Using the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module, acoustic wave monitoring is performed on the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state to determine the acoustic wave velocity of the rock sample in multiple directions under multiple preset fluid saturation states; Determining the various rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the multiple preset fluid saturation states according to the acoustic wave velocities in multiple directions of the rock sample under the multiple preset fluid saturation states; The oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample is determined by utilizing the various rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The acoustic wave velocities of the rock sample in multiple directions under the preset fluid saturation state include a first acoustic wave velocity and a second acoustic wave velocity, wherein the first acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module configured on the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the second acoustic wave velocity is determined by the acoustic wave transmitting module and the acoustic wave receiving module configured on multiple relative surfaces of the outer surface of the cavity except the surfaces adjacent to the first cover plate and the second cover plate.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method of using the various rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample in the preset fluid saturation state to determine the oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample includes: Determine the fracture parameters and discontinuity distribution data of the target well according to the various rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample under the preset fluid saturation state and the well logging data of the target well; According to the fracture parameters and discontinuity distribution data of the target well, an oil and gas exploration strategy for the target well corresponding to the rock sample is determined.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor, and when the processor executes the instructions, the steps of the method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks under multi-fluid saturation state described in any one of claims 6 to 8 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Computer instructions are stored thereon, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method for ultrasonic monitoring of rocks under multi-fluid saturation state described in any one of claims 6 to 8 are implemented.

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