179 results about "Thermal coefficient" patented technology

The invention discloses a PINN-based transformer convective heat transfer coefficient acquisition method, system and device and a medium, and relates to the technical field of transformers, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional thermal field simulation model based on transformer structure parameters, obtaining temperature field data through multi-physics field coupling simulation, building a sample set, training a physical information neural network model, and obtaining the convective heat transfer coefficient of a transformer. A loss function is defined, through weight adjustment and optimization algorithm training, loss change is dynamically monitored, convective heat transfer coefficient distribution is inversed, an inversion coefficient is substituted into a thermal model for forward calculation, iterative optimization is performed through comparison with independent measurement data, and accuracy and applicability are verified through actually measured temperature data. According to the method, the dependence on experimental data is reduced, the high-precision and high-efficiency acquisition of the convective heat transfer coefficient of the spatial change of the transformer is realized, and a reliable technical means is provided for thermal design and state evaluation of the transformer.

The multi-field coupling collaborative modeling and parameter autonomous intelligent decision-making method for the roller type quenching process comprises the steps that four key process parameters including the nozzle flow, the water ratio, the roller gap distance and the plate passing speed are collected and subjected to normalization preprocessing, and a training set and a test set are divided; the four key process parameters of the training set serve as input, the water-cooling convective heat transfer coefficient and the phase change plasticity coefficient serve as output, a BP neural network is trained, and the workpiece surface water-cooling convective heat transfer coefficient and the material internal phase change plasticity coefficient are predicted through the trained BP neural network; a multi-field coupling model composed of a temperature field, a structure phase change field and a stress-strain field is solved, and quantitative calculation of quenching core quality indexes is achieved; by taking water consumption minimization as a target, constructing a nonlinear optimization model under the condition that multiple core quality index constraints of the plate temperature, the outlet hardness and the plate shape are met; and performing global optimization on the optimization model by adopting a differential evolution algorithm, and autonomously deciding an optimal process parameter set value.

The invention discloses a large-space temperature distribution optimization method for an electronic clean workshop, and the method comprises the steps: determining the initial design parameters of a clean room, including the design temperature difference delta Tset of the clean room, the initial arrangement rate and wind speed of a fan filter unit, and the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient K of an enclosure structure; calculating outdoor heat transfer heat flow density q; dividing the upper interlayer space into a plurality of areas, and calculating the average temperature of each area of the upper interlayer; calculating the space temperature distribution of the clean room; the maximum temperature difference delta Tmax of the clean room is calculated, and the deviation ratio delta between the maximum temperature difference delta Tmax and the designed temperature difference is calculated; when delta Tmaxgt; delta Tset or delta gt; when a threshold value is set, the heat transfer resistance of the enclosure structure, the average arrangement rate of fan filter units and the air speed are adjusted; and outputting the adjusted heat transfer resistance of the enclosure structure of the clean room, the average arrangement rate and wind speed of the fan filter units and the arrangement rate of the fan filter units in the partial area of the clean room. According to the method, the temperature distribution of the large-space clean room can be quickly calculated, and the temperature distribution of the large-space clean room can be accurately controlled.

The invention discloses a PINN-based grinding temperature prediction method and a transfer learning model, and belongs to the field of slow feed grinding and the technical field of neural networks. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an unsteady state heat conduction control equation, and defining a composite boundary condition; calculating the heat flux density of a heat source based on set grinding process parameters and workpiece material characteristics; constructing a PINN temperature prediction model; based on sparse temperature measurement data, a gradient optimization algorithm is adopted to dynamically invert and correct a heat conduction coefficient and a convective heat transfer coefficient; establishing a transfer learning mechanism, and accelerating solution of a PINN temperature prediction model under a new working condition; high-risk regions exceeding the critical damage temperature of the material are identified based on the predicted temperature field, and processing parameters are optimized to prevent grinding burns. According to the method, the unsteady heat conduction equation is embedded into the neural network, empirical formula constraint is replaced, and the physical consistency of the dynamic process is ensured; meanwhile, the method can achieve the inversion of key physical parameters based on a very small number of temperature measurement points, and solves a problem of boundary condition uncertainty.

The invention provides a primary and secondary fusion complete ring main unit cooling device dynamic optimization method, and belongs to the technical field of ring main unit cooling optimization based on deep learning. A dynamic monitoring data set comprising a ring main unit thermal field monitoring data set and a thermal coefficient monitoring data set is constructed, the thermal field monitoring data set is constructed through five-view infrared image splicing and high-density thermocouple calibration, and the thermal coefficient monitoring data set is constructed through combination of mechanical data such as vibration and stress and manual calibration; constructing a thermal coefficient sensing model, and evaluating a heat production coefficient and a heat dissipation coefficient of the ring main unit in real time based on force field data through three-branch feature extraction and adaptive weighted fusion; constructing a thermal field sensing model, and adopting an extractor-reconstructor architecture and a cross-layer feature fusion device to realize full-scene temperature sensing; and a cooling optimization control algorithm is designed, thermal field distribution and thermal coefficients are combined, self-adaptive adjustment is performed on seven cooling device parameters such as the fan rotating speed and the liquid cooling flow speed through multi-objective optimization, and refined cooling control is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of special alloy hot rolling, and particularly relates to a refined subsection cooling method and device for a titanium plate hot mill roller. Comprising the steps that S1, a temperature field distribution function of a roller during rolling and a temperature field distribution function of the surface of the roller during cooling are obtained; s2, a heat exchange coefficient distribution function of the heat exchange coefficient required by the roller in the axial direction of the roller is obtained; s3, a distribution function of the cooling water flow in the axial direction of the roller is obtained; s4, according to the distribution function of the cooling water flow in the axial direction of the roller, the roller is divided into a plurality of cooling sections in the axial direction of the roller, and different cooling sections correspond to different cooling water flow difference threshold values; and S5, a non-contact temperature sensor is arranged at the center position of each cooling section, an independent roller cooling mechanism is configured for each cooling section, and the flow of cooling water is adjusted. Independent cooling control over different cooling sections of the roller is achieved, and the plate shape quality of a titanium plate is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, and provides an ultralow-temperature slow strain mechanical tensile test platform which comprises a vacuum Dewar unit, a liquid helium temperature control unit, a slow strain tensile unit, a measuring unit and a control unit, the vacuum Dewar unit comprises a vacuum Dewar body and is used for providing a closed low-temperature test environment; the liquid helium temperature control unit comprises a direct injection module and a recovery module, the direct injection module is used for directly injecting liquid helium to the gauge length section of the sample for cooling, and the recovery module is used for recovering and recycling unevaporated liquid helium; the slow strain stretching unit is used for stretching a sample arranged in the vacuum Dewar body at a low strain rate; the measuring unit is arranged in the vacuum Dewar body and is used for monitoring the temperature, the force value and the strain data of the sample in real time. Liquid helium is used as a cold source, the liquid helium is directly aligned to the gauge length section of the sample through the direct injection module, and compared with a traditional liquid helium steam natural convection heat exchange mode, the heat exchange coefficient is increased, and automatic precise temperature control is achieved.

A high-thermal conductivity grout composition is provided. The composition includes a grout mixture including a cementitious material, a retarder, and a high-thermal k material that advantageously can form a pumpable slurry upon admixture with water. The retarder is present in an amount effective that delays setting of the grout mixture at a target location having a geostatic target temperature of at least 300° F. for at least two hours. The high-thermal k material is present in an amount effective such that the grout mixture has, upon setting at the target location, a thermal conductivity of at least 1 W / m° K.

The invention provides a concrete structure construction period temperature deformation cracking risk prediction method comprising the following steps: S1, temperature monitoring: after concrete structure pouring is completed, continuously monitoring a concrete internal and surface temperature development curve; s2, inverting thermal parameters, namely inverting an equivalent adiabatic temperature rise curve and an equivalent thermal diffusivity of concrete under a field condition and a convective heat transfer coefficient of the concrete under a template in-place condition by combining a monitoring temperature, an environment temperature and a heat preservation condition and utilizing a heat conduction equation inverse analysis method; s3, prediction in the form removal period and the later period: inputting the thermal parameters obtained by inversion into finite element software, performing temperature field prediction, switching a boundary condition to be a heat exchange coefficient after form removal, and simulating subsequent temperature evolution; s4, risk index calculation and grading: calculating a risk index, and quantifying or grading the cracking risk according to a set threshold value; s5, performing construction decision linkage; according to the method, the thermal parameters of the concrete can be quickly inverted by utilizing early field measured temperature data.

The invention relates to a method for predicting nutation transmission time-varying meshing thermal stiffness of a double-arc spiral bevel gear, which comprises the following steps of: setting convective heat transfer coefficients of a gear meshing surface, a non-meshing surface and a gear end surface in an interaction module according to boundary conditions, and applying surface heat flow in a load module according to an obtained meshing area, so as to predict the nutation transmission time-varying meshing thermal stiffness of the double-arc spiral bevel gear. A heat transfer DC3D8R grid is selected as a grid type, and according to a boundary formula, a temperature field during meshing of the double-arc spiral bevel gear is finally calculated; in a Model of ABAQUS software structure simulation, a load module applies a predefined temperature field, a temperature field odb file is loaded into the Model, and structure simulation is carried out; according to the method, temperature field distribution and meshing characteristics can be combined, the time-varying meshing thermal stiffness of the nutation transmission double-arc spiral bevel gear can be accurately predicted, a theoretical basis can be provided for transmission performance evaluation and service life prediction of a gear pair, and important engineering value is provided for design and optimization of a high-performance gear transmission system.

The invention discloses a building curtain wall heat transfer coefficient detection method, system and equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining thermotechnical data of a to-be-detected building curtain wall; the thermotechnical data comprises a frame width, a frame depth, a frame interval, an outdoor panel temperature matrix, an indoor panel temperature matrix and a heat flux density matrix; s2, processing the thermotechnical data of the to-be-tested building curtain wall by adopting a pre-trained regression model to obtain heat transfer data of the to-be-tested building curtain wall; s3, calculating a frame heat transfer coefficient of the to-be-tested building curtain wall based on the heat transfer data of the to-be-tested building curtain wall; and S4, acquiring linear heat transfer data of the building curtain wall to be tested, and obtaining a curtain wall heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the building curtain wall to be tested based on the linear heat transfer data in combination with the frame heat transfer coefficient. According to the invention, rapid detection of the heat transfer coefficient of the building curtain wall can be realized, and the method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, relatively high precision and the like.

The invention discloses a CSP soaking pit furnace wall thermal insulation material which is of a gradient composite structure comprising an instantaneous high temperature resistant inner layer, a thermal insulation middle layer and a radiation heat exchange outer layer, and the instantaneous high temperature resistant inner layer is made of a composite material comprising nano aerogel and high temperature resistant whiskers; the heat insulation middle layer is made of a nano-particle modified ceramic fiber material; and the radiation heat exchange outer layer adopts a ceramic coating with high infrared reflectivity. The overall heat conductivity coefficient is reduced through the synergistic effect of the low heat conductivity of the inner layer, the high-temperature shrinkage resistance of the middle layer and the radiation heat dissipation performance of the outer layer, good instantaneous high temperature resistance and high-temperature stability are considered, and the heat preservation effect is remarkably enhanced; and in combination with various surface connection improvement means, a heat conduction path can be effectively prolonged, a heat bridge effect can be blocked, heat loss is further reduced, heat energy loss and operation energy consumption of the furnace body are remarkably reduced, and rapid repair is facilitated.

The application provides a design method of a blended wing body mould based on a temperature field and a curing field, and comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a 3D model of the blended wing body mould; S2, obtaining a convection heat transfer coefficient and establishing a temperature field; S3, curing a composite material structure model and establishing a curing field; S4, conducting heat conduction calculation and analysis; S5, conducting heat distribution compensation design; S6, conducting thermal strain compensation design, and confirming a final design scheme. The application effectively combines fluid simulation, a temperature field, a curing field and stress and strain simulation, makes up for the singleness of traditional methods in certain type analysis, considers the influence of actual factors to the maximum extent, proposes heat distribution compensation and thermal strain compensation according to simulation results, forms a complete design method of the blended wing body mould, improves design precision, reduces the dependence and blindness of traditional design which relies on experience design, and reduces test and production trial and error costs.

The application relates to the fields of material science and electronic heat dissipation technology, and discloses a high-thermal-conductivity low-interface-thermal-resistance heat dissipation powder and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a base material and a reinforcing material, and then dissolving the mixture in a dissolving solution to form an initial suspension; S2, adding a functional additive to the initial suspension, and forming a functional initial material with a three-dimensional network structure through a sol-gel method; S3, depositing an interface modifier on the surface of the functional initial material to form a dense interface modification layer, and preparing a composite material; S4, calcining the composite material at high temperature in an inert atmosphere to obtain a heat dissipation material; and S5, cooling, grinding and screening the heat dissipation material to obtain the heat dissipation powder. The high-thermal-conductivity low-interface-thermal-resistance heat dissipation powder and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that through micro-nano double-scale structure design, micron alumina skeletons and nano reinforcing materials are embedded, and interface modification technology and functional additives are synergized, so that the heat dissipation powder has the advantages of high thermal conductivity, low interface thermal resistance, solution of traditional material agglomeration and heat conduction deficiency, and mechanical and thermal conductivity performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of metal material hot working technologies, in particular to a casting blank temperature field and structure evolution regulation and control method which comprises the steps that firstly, a three-dimensional finite element model is established based on the casting blank size and material parameters, temperature field simulation is conducted by setting different surface comprehensive heat exchange coefficients, and section temperature difference and heat transfer efficiency data are obtained; determining an optimized heat exchange condition; secondly, selecting a key temperature point based on temperature field characteristics disclosed by simulation to carry out a heat treatment experiment, establishing a quantitative relation among the heating temperature, the heat preservation time and the grain size, and determining a critical temperature and a critical heat preservation time for remarkable coarsening of the grains; and finally, in the actual heating process, the surface heat exchange boundary is controlled according to the optimized heat exchange conditions, and a heating curve and heat preservation time are set according to the quantitative relation and the critical parameters, so that the casting blank with the uniform section temperature and controlled grain coarsening is obtained. According to the method, precise cooperative regulation and control in the large casting blank heating process are achieved.

The streaming pipe comprises a first pipe fitting which is communicated end to end to form a first channel, the first channel is provided with a first separation assembly, the first separation assembly divides the first channel into at least two independent flow channels, the first separation assembly is spirally distributed in the axis direction of the first pipe fitting, and the first separation assembly is provided with a second separation assembly. The first separation assembly is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the first pipe fitting in a diameter reducing extrusion mode, and meanwhile a gap between the inner wall of the first pipe fitting and the first separation assembly is eliminated in the diameter reducing extrusion mode. According to the heat exchanger, the first pipe fitting is divided into a plurality of independent partition assemblies through the first partition assemblies, the heat exchange stroke can be increased, meanwhile, the first partition assemblies and the second partition assemblies are spirally distributed in the axis direction, turbulent flow can be generated on fluid, the fluid is made to spirally advance around the axis, the heat exchange coefficient of the fluid and the pipe wall is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the first separation assembly and the second separation assembly can improve the strength of the heat exchanger.

This invention discloses a low-flow-rate, ultra-low-flow-rate, high-efficiency liquid cooling channel system and its design method. Specifically, according to the coolant flow direction, microchannels and turbulence-prone columns are sequentially connected in series in the concentrated area of ​​the power chip. Parallel microchannels and turbulence-prone columns are then added in the scattered areas of the power chip. The widths of the microchannels and turbulence-prone columns increase from small to large, and the array of microchannels and turbulence-prone columns becomes increasingly dense. This achieves an increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area of ​​the cold plate with the flow direction, thereby gradually reducing the heat transfer temperature difference and compensating for the adverse effects of coolant temperature rise on chip temperature uniformity. This achieves the effect that even with a coolant inlet-outlet temperature difference of 10°C or even 15°C or higher, the chip temperature uniformity can be controlled within 6-8°C, without increasing flow resistance.

The invention discloses a distribution line conductor critical ice-melting current calculation method and device, equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first parameter of a distribution line ice-coated conductor in a target application environment and a second parameter of an air environment; establishing a heat balance control model of the iced conductor under the critical ice melting condition; based on the first parameter and the second parameter, determining a heat exchange coefficient between the outer surface of the ice layer of the ice-coated wire and the air environment; and importing the heat exchange coefficient of the outer surface of the ice layer of the iced conductor and the air environment, the first parameter and the second parameter into a heat balance control model, and solving the critical ice melting current of the iced conductor. Accurate solution of the critical ice melting current is realized, hidden dangers of insufficient ice melting or excessive ice melting are effectively eliminated, and the operation safety and reliability of the distribution line are ensured while the ice melting efficiency is improved.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to process for processing ceramic compositions for use in semiconductor processing applications. More specifically, embodiments relate to thermal, fluorine, and plasma resistant ceramic compositions for use in semiconductor processing. In some embodiments, a ceramic composition includes a Group 13 metal based compound, an alkaline-earth metal based compound, a rare earth metal based compound, and a coefficient of thermal expansion (GTE) modifying compound. In some embodiments, a component of a plasma processing chamber includes an outer surface having a ceramic composition. The ceramic composition includes a Group 13 metal based compound, an alkaline- earth metal based compound, a rare earth metal based compound, and a coefficient of thermal expansion (GTE) modifying compound.

The invention provides a wafer thinning device and a wafer thinning method. The wafer thinning equipment comprises a grinding wheel for wafer thinning, the grinding wheel is provided with a grinding wheel base body made of a metal composite sheet, the metal composite sheet is formed by alternately overlapping a first metal material layer and a second metal material layer, the sum of the number of the first metal material layer and the number of the second metal material layer is an odd number, and the adjacent first metal material layer and the adjacent second metal material layer are connected in a metallurgical bonding mode. The top surface and the bottom surface which are oppositely arranged in the metal composite sheet serve as the top surface and the bottom surface of the grinding wheel base body; the first metal material layer is made of an alloy material or a metal material of which the CTE does not exceed 10 ppm / DEG C and the heat conductivity coefficient is not lower than 130 W / m.K; and the second metal material layer is made of an iron-nickel-based alloy material with CTE not exceeding 6.0 ppm / DEG C. According to the wafer thinning equipment, the thermal expansion matching performance of the grinding wheel base body and the silicon wafer and the stability of the thinned TSV structure in the wafer thinning process can be improved, and high precision and low damage of 3D IC thinning are achieved.

The application belongs to the technical field of nylon 66 composite materials, and discloses a heat-conducting composite filler, a preparation method thereof and application of the heat-conducting composite filler in nylon 66. The heat-conducting composite filler is composed of boron nitride (BN@PDA) modified by dopamine and magnesium oxide (MgO-KH560) modified by a silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio is 1-3:1. Through two-step surface modification and solution chemical bonding, the close combination between components is realized, and the problems of uneven dispersion of traditional single heat-conducting filler, poor compatibility with the nylon 66 matrix and weak heat-conducting synergistic effect are effectively solved. When the heat-conducting composite filler is applied to nylon 66 composite materials at an addition amount of 10-30wt%, the thermal conductivity of the nylon 66 can be improved to more than 0.8 W / (m·K), the tensile strength is improved by 17%, and the heat-conducting composite filler has excellent processing performance, and is suitable for the fields of electronic equipment heat dissipation components, LED packaging materials, automobile heat management components and other fields with strict requirements on the thermal conductivity of materials.

The invention discloses a test method for testing the heat conductivity coefficient of a refractory material through a low-thermal-resistance plate method and relates to the field of testing. The test method for testing the heat conductivity coefficient of the refractory material by the low-thermal-resistance flat plate method comprises the following steps: preparing the refractory material into hexagonal test pieces, and paving the hexagonal test pieces on the surface of a hexagonal boron nitride layer on a vapor chamber to form a flat plate, so that each edge of the hexagonal test piece positioned on the inner side is respectively clung to six adjacent hexagonal test pieces; embedding a hot surface thermocouple for detecting the temperature of the bottom surface of the hexagonal test piece on the inner side in the hexagonal boron nitride layer, placing the flat plate on a heating plate in a mold, and filling aerogel between the flat plate and the side wall of the mold; a cooling water jacket and a cold-surface thermocouple for detecting the temperature of the top surface of the hexagonal test piece are mounted on the top surface of the hexagonal test piece on the inner side; heating the vapor chamber and cooling the hexagonal test piece by using a heating plate and a cooling water jacket; and calculating the heat conductivity coefficient of the refractory material after the temperature of the vapor chamber is stable. The test method for testing the heat conductivity coefficient of the refractory material by the low-thermal-resistance plate method has the advantages of good reliability of test results, high precision and high efficiency.

The invention discloses a FLUENT-based temperature field simulation method for a jet quenching process, belongs to the technical field of heat treatment numerical simulation, and aims to solve the technical problems that the temperature measurement difficulty of an anti-heat transfer method is high and the heat exchange coefficient at an interface is difficult to accurately and reversely deduce in the temperature field research of the quenching process of an existing large-scale variable-cross-section steel pipe. The temperature field simulation method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a solid structure and an internal fluid geometric model; s2, constructing a solid structure and an internal fluid grid model; s3, setting a solving method; s4, setting calculation boundary conditions; s5, finite element simulation analysis is conducted on the quenching cooling process of the large-scale variable-cross-section steel pipe through Fluent software, and a simulation result is obtained; s6, analyzing a simulation result to obtain a temperature change curve and a temperature distribution cloud chart of the large-scale variable-cross-section steel pipe at different moments; and S7, determining quenching process parameters according to a simulation result. According to the method, more accurate and reliable temperature field data of the large variable-cross-section steel pipe in the inner-spraying and outer-spraying quenching process can be obtained.

The invention relates to the technical field of copper material processing and manufacturing, in particular to a graphene copper composite material for high-frequency current transmission and a preparation method thereof.The method comprises the steps that copper powder with graphene growing in situ is subjected to a compression molding process, and a molded blank is obtained; hot pressed sintering is conducted on the mold pressing blank, and a sintered blank is obtained; the sintered blank is subjected to hot extrusion treatment, and a hot extrusion blank is obtained; and the hot extrusion blank is subjected to drawing treatment, and the graphene copper composite material is obtained. The graphene content of the composite material is 50-300 ppm, and the composite material has good processability and can be continuously processed into a wire material of 0.2-2.6 mm through drawing; strength gt; the heat conductivity coefficient is gt; the direct current electric conductivity is 104 to 106 percent IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard); the high-frequency resistance is reduced by 30-50% compared with that of TU0 copper, and the high-frequency current transmission cable is suitable for high-frequency current transmission scenes of inductors, transformers, radio frequency cables, high-speed copper cables and the like.

The invention discloses a laminated truncated cone shell with pores and a research method of thermoelastic buckling of the laminated truncated cone shell. The shell comprises a ceramic heat insulation material layer, a graphene enhanced functionally graded material core layer and a piezoelectric layer. Wherein the ceramic heat insulation material layer and the piezoelectric layer are respectively an inner surface layer and an outer surface layer of the shell, and the graphene enhanced functionally graded material core layer is arranged in the middle of the laminated truncated cone shell. A heat conduction temperature field of the shell is solved according to a one-dimensional heat conduction equation, a control equation of the truncated cone shell in a thermal environment is established based on a Hamilton principle, and then an analytical solution of a buckling critical temperature is obtained by adopting a Galerkin integral method. The invention has the following advantages: 1, the heat-insulating material layer resists high temperature around the shell by utilizing the characteristics of heat-insulating materials such as ceramic with lower heat transfer coefficient; 2, the piezoelectric layer can slow down the vibration of the shell by pre-applying voltage according to the voltage-deformation conversion characteristic of a piezoelectric material; and thirdly, the buckling critical temperature of the shell in the thermal environment can be analyzed and calculated more accurately by adopting the method.

The invention discloses an air conditioner load demand response potential evaluation method based on the Internet of Things, relates to the field of air conditioner load response analysis, and aims to avoid the uncomfortable problem of completely identifying all physical parameters in a traditional first-order equivalent thermal parameter model. The operation state of the air conditioner is decomposed into a steady-state interval and a dynamic interval, and key macroscopic characteristic parameters, namely a steady-state thermal coefficient, a power consumption boundary function and a dynamic time constant, capable of describing system boundaries and inertia are directly identified from data. According to the method, coupling identification of a plurality of internal states and parameters such as indoor temperature, equivalent thermal resistance and equivalent thermal capacity is ingeniously avoided, finally, in a non-intrusive scene only depending on user aggregation power utilization and outdoor temperature data, the macroscopic parameters capable of being accurately identified are utilized to evaluate response potential, and the response potential is evaluated. The accuracy and robustness of air conditioner load demand response potential evaluation are realized.

The utility model discloses a small pipe diameter heat exchanger with centralized heat exchange in the middle, which comprises a plurality of heat exchange fins and a heat exchange pipe coil, the transverse pipe part of the heat exchange pipe coil is clamped in corresponding through holes of all the heat exchange fins, a plurality of through holes are formed on the heat exchange fins, and all the through holes are vertically arranged in three groups; the heat exchange pipe coil is composed of a plurality of transverse pipe parts and a plurality of U-shaped bent pipe parts. The heat exchange pipe coil pipe comprises a middle coil pipe part, an upper coil pipe part and a lower coil pipe part, and the total length of a pipe body of the middle coil pipe part is larger than that of a pipe body of the upper coil pipe part or the lower coil pipe part. According to the heat exchanger, the heat exchange coefficient is increased, the size is reduced, the installed heat exchange fins can adopt three rows of through holes, the total coiling length is increased, the coiling amount is increased, the heat exchange effect and the heat exchange efficiency are greatly improved, the coiling amount of the middle coil pipe part is increased, and the heat exchanger can be used in equipment with large ventilation amount in the middle; the utilization rate of the heat exchanger is further improved.

The invention discloses a large-pipe-diameter horizontal pipe surface liquid film flow heat transfer characteristic experiment device, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing an infrared detection-based liquid film flow heat transfer characteristic experiment platform; collecting multi-dimensional experimental volume data based on the constructed experimental platform; the liquid film flow coverage characteristic and the heat exchange characteristic on the surface of the experiment body are obtained by combining the multi-dimensional experiment body data, the heating problem of a large-pipe-diameter high-heat-flow heat transfer pipe is solved, the technical problem that the semi-dry surface heat exchange coefficient and the liquid film coverage rate cannot be quantified in a traditional experiment is solved, and the technical blank of a falling film cooling experiment is filled.

The invention discloses a multi-layer composite heat preservation pipeline with a built-in vacuum air layer and an integrated production device of the multi-layer composite heat preservation pipeline, and relates to the technical field of composite pipes. A peelable inner film is bonded to the inner side of an outer protection pipe, a working pipe is arranged in the peelable inner film, and the space between the working pipe and the peelable inner film is filled with a polyurethane heat preservation layer; the forming assembly is arranged on one side of the extruder, the extrusion die is arranged on one side of the extruder, the extrusion block is installed in the middle of the extrusion die, the vacuum sizing mill is arranged on one side of the extruder, the air exhaust heat sealing machine is arranged on one side of the vacuum sizing mill, and the supporting preheating assembly is arranged between the heat sealing machine and the polyurethane filling machine. According to the design, the vacuum layer and the shell are integrated, the mechanical strength is high, the vacuum service life is long, the vacuum layer effectively blocks heat radiation and convection and cooperates with the polyurethane heat preservation layer, the heat conductivity coefficient is far lower than that of a traditional heat preservation pipe, and the problem that polyurethane is prone to being damped and aged after being used for a long time is solved.

1. Name of the product in this design: Experimental device for testing the external heat transfer coefficient of a single tube in forced convection. 2. Purpose of this design: Experimental device for testing the external heat transfer coefficient of a forced convection single tube. 3. The key design feature of this product is its shape. 4. The image or photograph that best illustrates the design's key points: 3D view 1. 5. The bottom surface of this product is a part that is not easily seen or cannot be seen during use, so the bottom view is omitted.