Head-up display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a head-up display device, the head-up display device can comprise a demisting assembly and a controller, and the demisting assembly is configured to perform mist elimination operation on an optical lens group in the head-up display device; the controller is used for adjusting the demisting mode of the demisting assembly according to the environmental parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of head-up display, and in particular to a head-up display device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent automobile technology, head-up display (HUD) has become one of the core configurations to improve driving safety. HUD projects key information such as vehicle speed and navigation to the driver's front line of sight, avoiding the driver's frequent head-down operation to check the dashboard, significantly reducing the risk of traffic accidents caused by line of sight diversion.

[0003] However, in certain usage scenarios (such as low temperature environments or high humidity areas in winter), water vapor is easily condensed on the surfaces of the optical lenses and dust shields inside the HUD, forming a fog film, which causes the contrast of the projected image to decrease and the display to become blurred, directly affecting the driver's accurate recognition of driving information. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to provide a head-up display device that can solve the technical problem of insufficient display accuracy of projected images due to fogging of optical lenses in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a head-up display device, including: a defog assembly configured to perform a defog operation on an optical lens group in the head-up display device; The controller is used to adjust the defog mode of the defog assembly according to environmental parameters.

[0006] The disclosed embodiment provides a head-up display device; the defog component and the controller work together to effectively solve the problem of fogging of the optical lens group in complex environments. The defog component directly acts on the surface of the optical lens and the surrounding area by actively performing the defogging operation to avoid the interference of water vapor condensation on the light projection path. The controller dynamically adjusts the defog mode based on the environmental parameters obtained in real time, so that the defog intensity is accurately matched with the current defogging risk. Through the closed-loop control of environmental perception and defog operation, the continuous optimization of the surface state of the optical lens group is achieved, the imaging quality of the head-up display device is guaranteed to be stable, and the energy utilization efficiency and system adaptability are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of a vehicle-mounted system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0008] Figure 2 An exemplary top view of a vehicle provided for the present disclosure.

[0009] Figure 3 An exemplary perspective view from a vehicle driver's seat provided by the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a head-up display device provided by the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a head-up display device in the prior art.

[0012] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a head-up display device provided by the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a head-up display device including a heating wire provided by the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a head-up display device including an electrothermal film provided by the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a head-up display device provided by the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of another head-up display device provided by the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of a head-up display device after embodying a housing provided by the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 12 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a head-up display device provided with a ceramic heating sheet provided by the present disclosure.

[0019] Through the above-mentioned drawings, specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present disclosure in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more complete and comprehensive, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0021] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, the vehicle-mounted system 100 includes: a navigation subsystem 110, an environmental detection device group 120 for obtaining the environment where the vehicle is located during vehicle travel, a vehicle travel state detection device group 130, a data processing unit 140, a display control unit 150, and a display unit 160. The above components or device groups are coupled together through a communication bus 12. In some examples, the communication bus 12 is used for connection communication between the above components or device groups. It should be noted that Figure 1 only a part of the vehicle-mounted system 100 is shown, rather than all of the components of the vehicle-mounted system 100.

[0023] In Figure 1 , the navigation subsystem 110 includes: a positioning device 111 and a map information storage device 112. Among them, the positioning device 111 can locate the position of the vehicle based on positioning systems such as the global positioning system (GPS), China's Beidou system, Russia's GLONASS system, Europe's Galileo system, Japan's Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), and India's Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) to obtain the position information of the vehicle. The map information storage device 112 stores map information, can obtain a navigation path leading to the destination according to the position information obtained from the positioning device 111, and display the position information and the navigation path in a map application.

[0024] In Figure 1 , the environmental detection device group 120 may include a vehicle-mounted communication device 121, a radar 122, a laser rangefinder 123, and a camera 124. These devices can obtain environmental information representing the surrounding environment of the vehicle.

[0025] The in-vehicle communication device 121 can wirelessly communicate with one or more devices directly or via a communication network. These devices capable of communicating with the in-vehicle communication device 121 can be other vehicles, roadside units or roadside platforms, or mobile terminal devices used by the in-vehicle personnel of this vehicle, etc. In some examples, the in-vehicle communication device 121 can use 3G cellular communication, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), EVD0, global system for mobile communications (GSM) / general packet radio service (GPRS), or 4G cellular communication, such as long term evolution (LTE), or 5G cellular communication. In some examples, the in-vehicle communication device 121 can also communicate with a wireless local area network (WLAN) using WiFi. In some embodiments, the in-vehicle communication device 121 can also directly communicate with devices using an infrared link, Bluetooth or ZigBee. In some examples, the in-vehicle communication device 121 can also communicate with devices using other wireless protocols.

[0026] The radar 122 is used to sense objects within the surrounding environment of this vehicle, and can also be used to sense the speed and / or forward direction of these objects. In some examples, the radar 122 can use electromagnetic waves or lasers as the medium, and detect objects based on the time of flight (TOF) method or the phase-shift method, and detect the position of the detected object, the distance to the detected object, and the relative speed. In some examples, in order to be able to detect objects located in front of, behind or on the side of this vehicle, the radar 122 can be configured at an appropriate position outside this vehicle.

[0027] The laser rangefinder 123 can use lasers to sense objects in the environment where this vehicle is located. In some embodiments, the laser rangefinder 123 can include one or more laser sources, a laser scanner, and one or more detectors, as well as other system components.

[0028] The camera 124 can be used to capture multiple images of the surrounding environment of the vehicle. The camera 124 can be a static camera or a video camera. In some examples, in order to obtain an external image of the vehicle, the camera 124 can be located at an appropriate position outside the vehicle. For example, in order to obtain an image in front of the vehicle, the camera 124 can be arranged close to the front windshield inside the vehicle. Alternatively, the camera 124 can be arranged around the front bumper or radiator grille. In some examples, in order to obtain an image behind the vehicle, the camera 124 can be arranged close to the rear window glass inside the vehicle. Alternatively, the camera 124 can be arranged around the rear bumper, trunk or tailgate. In some examples, in order to obtain an image on the side of the vehicle, the camera 124 can be arranged close to at least one of the side windows inside the vehicle. Alternatively, the camera 124 can be arranged around the side mirror, fender or door.

[0029] In Figure 1 , the vehicle driving state detection device group 130 can include: a steering angle sensor 131 for detecting the steering angle of the vehicle, a vehicle speed sensor 132 for detecting the driving speed of the vehicle, and an acceleration sensor 133 for detecting the acceleration applied to the vehicle. In some examples, as shown by the dashed box, it can also include an inertial sensor 134 for detecting the position and orientation changes of the vehicle based on inertial acceleration. The inertial sensor 134 can be a combination of the acceleration sensor 133 and a gyroscope in the specific implementation process.

[0030] In Figure 1 , the data processing unit 140 can be implemented as a computing system having a memory, a processor, an input / output interface, and a bus connecting these. In some examples, the data processing unit 140 causes the processor to execute multiple commands through program instructions stored in the memory to process the data obtained by the navigation subsystem 110, the environment detection device group 120, and the vehicle driving state detection device group 130. In some examples, the data processing unit 140 can also control the driving of the vehicle partially or entirely based on the processed data.

[0031] In Figure 1 , as shown by the dashed box, the data processing unit 140, the display control unit 150, and the display unit 160 can be the main body of a Head Up Display (HUD) device 170. The display control unit 150 can process the received data to obtain display information to be displayed after receiving the data processed by the data processing unit 140, or after receiving the data obtained by the navigation subsystem 110, the environment detection device group 120, and the vehicle driving state detection device group 130, and project the display information onto the windshield of the vehicle through the display unit 160 for display.

[0032] A Head Up Display (HUD) device projects the light of the display image output by an image source onto an imaging window (such as an imaging plate, a windshield, etc.) through, for example, a reflective optical design, so as to display vehicle status information such as vehicle speed, fuel level, etc. and indication information such as navigation, danger warning, etc. at an appropriate position in front of the driver. Thereby, the driver can obtain relevant information such as vehicle speed, fuel level, etc. without deviating the line of sight from the road surface ahead, and thus can improve the driving safety factor and driving experience.

[0033] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the HUD device can be disposed on a vehicle, and the vehicle includes a windshield 204 located at the front of the vehicle. The driver and passengers in the vehicle cabin 208 can see the front of the vehicle through the windshield 204.

[0034] In Figure 3 , the windshield 204 is visually located above the vehicle instrument panel 206. The driver can turn the steering wheel 210 in the cabin 208 to steer the vehicle, such as changing lanes, merging, and parking the vehicle. In some embodiments, the steering wheel 210 can be retracted or omitted.

[0035] Referring to Figure 3 , the HUD device 170 (see Figure 4 ) projects the display information 212 (such as a virtual image) onto a part of the windshield 204 through one or more holes (such as hole 216) in the instrument panel 206. Although Figure 4 shows an example size of the display information 212, the display information 212 can be presented in a larger or smaller area. Examples of the display information 212 include various vehicle information, such as the current vehicle speed, the current gear of the vehicle transmission, the engine speed, the direction of the vehicle, the current information entertainment system settings, and / or other vehicle information. The HUD device 170 provides information to the vehicle driver, and the driver does not need to move the line of sight away from the object in front of the vehicle.

[0036] See Figure 4 for an exemplary implementation architecture of the HUD device 170 shown. The display control unit 150 generates a signal 412 based on the data processed by the data processing unit 140, or the data 420 transmitted by the navigation subsystem 110, the environmental detection device group 120, and the vehicle driving state detection device group 130. The above communication control circuit is disposed in the above data processing unit 140 and transmits the display information to the above display control unit 150.

[0037] The display unit 160 may include: a light source 161 and an optical path component 162. The light source 161 outputs light (such as a virtual image) based on a signal 412 from the display control unit 150 for display on the windshield 204. For example, the light source 161 may include one or more lasers and output red, green, and blue light. That is, the light source 161 may include an image source display screen, i.e., a projection component.

[0038] The optical path component 162 may reflect the output of the light source 161 to the windshield 204 through the hole 216. A viewer (e.g., a driver) may view the display information 212 in the display area where the display information 212 is projected onto the windshield 204. In some examples, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the optical path component 162 may include an optical lens group, and the optical lens group may include one or more optical lenses. For example, the optical lenses may include a primary lens 50 and a secondary lens 51. The primary lens 50 is a reflecting main mirror, and the secondary lens 51 is a magnifying lens. The output of the light source 161 is reflected back by the reflecting main mirror (primary lens 50) and magnified by the magnifying lens (secondary lens 51) and then reflected to the windshield 204 to form a virtual image 40 that can be visually observed by the driver and presented to the human eye 60. The visual effect presented by the virtual image 40 is that the virtual image 40 is projected onto a projection plane 41 at a set distance in front of the vehicle, but passes through the projection plane 41, and the real environment remains visible.

[0039] During the operation of the head-up display device, the closed cavity where the optical lens group is located is vulnerable to changes in the temperature and humidity of the vehicle interior environment. When there is a significant temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle (such as heating in the vehicle in winter or air conditioning cooling in summer), water vapor is likely to condense on the inner surface of the optical lens to form a fog film. For example, in winter in the north, the outdoor temperature is usually around minus 10 °C, and in some areas it is even minus 20 °C. When the driver starts the vehicle, the temperature inside the vehicle gradually rises, and the moisture in the air begins to condense on the lens surface of the HUD to form fog. In summer in the south, the air humidity is relatively high, and the temperature and humidity inside the HUD are relatively high. When the relative humidity is greater than 65%, the vehicle has just started, and at the same time the air conditioning cooling system (usually arranged at the position of the small lens) is started. The temperature outside the HUD is higher than the temperature inside the HUD, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside exceeds 10 °C, and slight fogging will appear on the surface of the optical lens. During the humid period in March and April in spring in the south, affected by warm and humid air currents, temperature, and the convergence of cold and warm air, for a car parked outdoors, there will be condensation on the surface of the optical lens inside the HUD under the influence of the day-night temperature difference.

[0040] Such fogging or condensation phenomena will scatter the projected light, resulting in halos in virtual images, decreased contrast, and image distortion. In severe cases, it may even cause the display of critical driving information (such as vehicle speed and navigation instructions) to be blurred or interrupted. Especially in scenarios with large day-night temperature differences, rainy or snowy weather, or frequent start-stop of air conditioners, the instantaneous fogging rate in local areas of the lens can exceed the response threshold of traditional defogging solutions, causing the driver to repeatedly adjust the line-of-sight focus to identify information, significantly increasing the driving cognitive load and safety hazards. In addition, the condensation at the junction of the dust-proof plate and the lens is likely to penetrate into the internal optical path components, and long-term accumulation may cause the coating of optical elements to peel off or the mechanical structure to rust, further exacerbating the deterioration of the display quality. How to maintain the surface cleanliness of the optical lens group under complex working conditions has become the core challenge in ensuring the reliability of the head-up display system.

[0041] Based on this, the present disclosure first proposes a head-up display device. Referring to Figure 6 , the head-up display device may include a defogging component 61 and a controller 62. The defogging component 61 is configured to perform a fog elimination operation on the above-mentioned optical lens group, and the controller 62 is used to adjust the defogging mode of the defogging self-check according to environmental parameters.

[0042] In some examples, the defogging component 61 may include a heating component. The optical lens group may include two optical lenses, which may respectively include a primary lens 50 and a secondary lens 51. Among them, the primary lens 50 may be a reflection main mirror, which may be a plane mirror, and the secondary lens 51 may be a magnifying lens, which is a curved lens. The heating component may include at least one heating element, and the heating element may be disposed on the back of the optical lens for heating the optical lens to eliminate the fog on the optical lens.

[0043] Optionally, heating elements may be disposed on the back of at least one optical lens, or heating elements may be disposed on the back of all optical lenses. The heating elements on each optical lens may be the same or different, which will not be elaborated in this exemplary embodiment.

[0044] In some examples, the heating element may include a polyimide electrothermal film 80, an electric heating wire 70, etc., and may also be customized according to user needs. For example, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the heating component of the head-up display device adopts a differential configuration strategy, that is, the type of heating element in the heating component is adapted to the physical characteristics of the optical lens to optimize the design for the heat conduction characteristics of different optical lenses.

[0045] It should be noted that the types of heating elements can include linear heating elements and planar heating elements. Optionally, the linear heating element can be a heating wire, and the planar heating element can be a polyimide electrothermal film. The specific type of the heating element can also be customized according to user needs. The physical properties of the optical lens can include shape, thickness, etc. Optionally, the optical lens can be a plane mirror, a concave mirror, etc., which will not be elaborated in this exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Exemplarily, referring to Figure 9 , an electric heating wire 70 is embedded on the back surface of the primary lens 50 (reflective primary mirror). The primary lens 50 is a plane mirror, and its high thermal conductivity is used to achieve local rapid heating, effectively eliminating the condensation problem in the edge area of the lens; a polyimide electrothermal film 80 is used on the back surface of the secondary lens 51 (magnifying lens). Due to its flexible fitting and uniform heating characteristics, the secondary lens 51 is a concave mirror. Using the polyimide electrothermal film 80 can ensure the consistency of the overall surface temperature distribution of the lens, avoiding image distortion caused by temperature difference. The collaborative layout of the electric heating wire 70 and the polyimide electrothermal film 80 fully adapts to the physical properties of the reflective primary mirror and the magnifying lens. The reflective primary mirror precisely controls the temperature of the key area through a linear heat source, and the magnifying lens maintains the global thermal balance through a planar heat source, significantly reducing the light path scattering phenomenon.

[0047] Specifically, in the usage scenario of the HUD, the primary lens 50 serves as the reflective primary mirror and is designed as a plane mirror to initially deflect the light emitted by the projection light source. Since the installation position of the primary lens 50 is close to the heat source of in-vehicle electronic devices and is restricted by the cavity frame structure, a temperature drop area is likely to form at the edge of the primary lens 50. The high thermal conductivity of the electric heating wire 70 can achieve local rapid heating, quickly compensating for the heat loss at the edge caused by the heat conduction of the metal frame, and preventing condensation and fogging from affecting the integrity of the light path. This targeted heating solution is particularly suitable for the compact optical path structure of the HUD, achieving thermal balance in the key area within a limited space.

[0048] The secondary lens 51 serves as the magnifying lens and adopts a concave design (the lens has a thickness difference) to expand the virtual image projection range. Its large-curvature surface and larger projection area (usually 40%-60% larger than the primary lens 50) are extremely sensitive to temperature uniformity. The polyimide electrothermal film 80 forms a continuous heat conduction layer on the back surface of the lens through the curved surface fitting technology, effectively eliminating the problem of uneven heat conduction caused by the thickness difference of the secondary lens 51. This global heating mode ensures the refractive index consistency of the secondary lens 51 on the entire optical projection surface, avoiding image stretching or distortion caused by local temperature difference.

[0049] The co - design of the two fully considers the space constraints and optical characteristics of the HUD system. The first - level lens 50 (plane mirror) maintains the stability of the basic optical path by precisely controlling the temperature at the edge, and the second - level lens 51 (concave mirror) ensures the magnified imaging quality through global thermal management. This differential thermal control strategy forms a hierarchical protection system in the vehicle - mounted closed cavity, which not only solves the fogging risk brought by the structural characteristics of the optical lens itself, but also takes into account the multiple requirements of the HUD system for space utilization rate, energy consumption control and optical accuracy, and finally realizes continuous clear display under complex working conditions.

[0050] The high - power - density characteristic of the heating wire 70 can quickly respond to local high - fogging risks. For example, it can raise the temperature of the lens edge to more than 30 degrees Celsius within 10 seconds, while the low - power - consumption continuous heating mode of the polyimide heating film 80 is suitable for large - area slow - release defogging and dynamically matches the energy consumption requirements under different working conditions. The embedded design of the heating wire 70 avoids interfering with the optical performance of the lens, and the flexible attachment technology of the polyimide heating film 80 adapts to the complex topography of the curved surface lens. In addition, users can flexibly expand the heating element combination according to the vehicle use environment. For example, in extremely cold regions, a ring - shaped heating belt can be added to the third - level lens to form a gradient thermal management architecture, further enhancing the defogging ability under complex climate conditions. Among them, the extremely cold region can be an area where the temperature is lower than - 20 degrees Celsius or an area where the temperature is lower than - 30 degrees Celsius. The specific temperature setting can also be customized according to user needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0051] In some examples, referring to Figure 10 , the above - mentioned defogging component 61 can also include a blowing component 1000 for defogging. Optionally, the blowing component 1000 can integrate hot - air coupling technology to achieve efficient defogging by combining the dual functions of blowing and heating.

[0052] For example, the blowing component 1000 is composed of a fan module and a heating module. The heating module is arranged in the upstream area of the fan air - outlet path. When the environmental humidity reaches the preset threshold, the controller 62 synchronously activates the heating and air - supply functions to keep the output air - flow temperature within a safe range higher than the dew point of the lens surface.

[0053] In some examples, the intelligent control strategy of the blowing component 1000 is dynamically adjusted based on the mirror surface temperature gradient data collected in real - time: in a low - humidity scenario, it can preferentially operate in the natural - wind mode, and only inhibit the aggregation of water vapor through air - flow circulation; when it detects the fogging risk caused by local temperature difference, it automatically switches to the gradient - heating mode, gradually increasing the air - supply temperature and matching the corresponding wind speed.

[0054] The dual functions of fusing blowing and heating can accelerate the evaporation of moisture on the lens surface through air flow disturbance, shortening the defogging time compared with the pure heating solution; the temperature-controlled air flow delivery avoids local overheating and reduces the risk of deformation of optical elements caused by thermal stress.

[0055] In some examples, the above environmental parameters may include humidity information and temperature information, and the controller 62 can adjust the power of the defogging component 61 according to the humidity information and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cavity of the defogging component 61 to adjust the defogging mode of the defogging component 61.

[0056] It should be noted that referring to Figure 11 , the cavity of the head-up display device can be used to install the main structure for mounting optical lenses and the dust-proof plate 1100. The above blowing component 1000 can be installed on the main structure. The dust-proof plate 1100 is used to block external dust, water vapor and other foreign objects from entering the internal optical components of the HUD (such as lenses, projection units), preventing pollutants from adhering to the lens surface and affecting the imaging clarity. Moreover, the dust-proof plate 1100 can be linked with the defogging system. When condensation is detected on the inner side of the dust-proof plate 1100, the heating or fan component is triggered to quickly eliminate moisture and prevent the condensation from spreading to the core optical path. By sealing the optical lenses and the display device with the dust-proof plate 1100, the microenvironment stability of the HUD cavity is maintained through the sealing design, reducing the direct interference of sudden changes in external temperature and humidity on the internal optical elements, thereby improving the display stability.

[0057] In some examples, referring to Figure 12 , the cavity heating solution of the head-up display device adopts a non-contact heat conduction design, and the overall temperature control of the internal environment of the cavity is carried out through independently arranged heating components. The heating component can select the PTC ceramic heating sheet 1200, which is evenly distributed around the inner wall of the cavity, keeping a safe distance from the optical lens to avoid the risk of lens deformation caused by direct thermal contact. Specifically, the PTC ceramic heating sheet 1200 can be arranged on the above-mentioned main structure and the dust-proof plate 1100.

[0058] The PTC ceramic heating sheet 1200 is closely attached to the metal shell of the cavity through a heat-conducting silicone layer, and the heat quickly diffuses to the internal air layer of the cavity through the surface of the shell, forming a wrapped heat field.

[0059] The overall heating of the cavity can synchronously eliminate the potential fogging areas of the optical lens and the optical path components, avoiding secondary condensation caused by local temperature difference; the self-limiting temperature characteristic of the PTC ceramic heating sheet 1200 ensures that the cavity temperature is stable within a safe range, preventing overheating from damaging precision optical elements; the structural design independent of the lens reduces the interference to the optical system and ensures the imaging clarity and color reducibility; the modular heating component adapts to the cavity space of different vehicle models, and the diverse thermal management requirements can be matched by adjusting the quantity and layout of the PTC ceramic heating sheets 1200.

[0060] In this example, the head-up display device may include a temperature sensor 1210 and a humidity sensor 1220 for detecting humidity information and temperature information. For example, referring to Figure 12 , the humidity sensor 1220 uses a capacitive sensing element and is installed in the back area of the secondary lens 51. The measurement range can cover 20%RH to 95%RH. The temperature sensor 1210 includes two NTC thermistors, which are respectively fixed at a position close to the primary lens 50 on the inner wall of the cavity and at a position close to the dust-proof plate 1100 outside the cavity. When measuring the temperature difference value, the difference between the readings of the two is taken.

[0061] Optionally, the power of the defogging component 61 is positively correlated with the humidity information; when the humidity information is the same, the power of the defogging component 61 is positively correlated with the internal and external temperature difference. That is to say, when the controller 62 controls the power of the defogging component 61, it can first predict the humidity information for control. The greater the humidity, the greater the power. When the humidity remains constant, the power will increase with the increase of the internal and external temperature difference.

[0062] In some examples, the defogging mode can be set to several fixed modes, such as the standby mode, the prevention mode, the first-level defogging mode, and the second-level defogging mode. Among them, the power of the standby mode, the prevention mode, the first-level defogging mode, and the second-level defogging mode increases in turn.

[0063] For example, when the humidity information is less than the first threshold, the controller 62 controls the defogging component 61 to be in the standby mode; when the humidity information is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, and at the same time the internal and external temperature difference of the defogging component 61 is less than the temperature threshold, the controller 62 controls the defogging component 61 to be in the prevention mode; when the humidity information is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, and at the same time the internal and external temperature difference is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the controller 62 controls the defogging component 61 to be in the first-level defogging mode; when the humidity information is greater than the second threshold, the controller 62 controls the defogging component 61 to be in the second-level defogging mode.

[0064] In some examples, assuming that the above-mentioned defogging component 61 includes a polyimide electric heating film 80, an electric heating wire 70, and a fan defrosting system at the same time, at this time, the prevention mode can be that only the polyimide electric heating film 80 works. The first-level defogging mode can be that the polyimide electric heating film 80 is linked with the electric heating wire 70 for auxiliary heating, and the fan operates at a low speed. The second-level defogging mode increases the power of the polyimide electric heating film 80 linked with the electric heating wire 70 for auxiliary heating and increases the speed of the fan.

[0065] It should be noted that the first threshold value may be greater than or equal to 50%RH and less than or equal to 55%RH, the second threshold value may be greater than or equal to 65%RH and less than or equal to 70%RH, and the temperature difference threshold value may be greater than or equal to 8°C and less than or equal to 12°C. The specific values ​​of the first threshold value, the second threshold value, and the temperature threshold value may also be customized according to user needs, which will not be described in detail in this example implementation.

[0066] For example, the first threshold value can be 50%RH, the second threshold value can be 65%RH, and the temperature threshold value can be 10°C. Specifically, when the humidity information is greater than or equal to 50%RH and less than or equal to 65%RH, graded control is performed in combination with the temperature difference parameter: if it is detected that the temperature difference between the inside and outside is less than 10°C, the controller 62 activates the prevention mode, and the polyimide heating film 80 adopts a low-power working gear. The temperature of the polyimide heating film 80 rises to 40 degrees Celsius within 2 minutes after power-on, and continues to heat for about 2 minutes. When the humidity returns to the set threshold (50%RH), the control system randomly controls the polyimide heating film 80 to stop powering on and is in standby mode. Optionally, in the prevention mode, the polyimide heating film 80 can operate at a power of 15W to maintain the surface temperature of the lens at 35°C to 45°C.

[0067] When the temperature difference is greater than or equal to 10°C, it switches to the first-level defog mode, the power of the polyimide electric heating film 80 is increased to 30W and the electric heating wire 70 is linked to assist heating with 20W, and the fan defrosting system is synchronously started to accelerate the airflow circulation at a speed of 1500rpm. Specifically, the temperature of the PI electric heating film 80 can be quickly raised to 40 degrees Celsius within 30 seconds after power is turned on, so as to dry the water vapor on the lens in a short time. The temperature of the electric heating wire 70 quickly rises to 60° within 10S after power is turned on. After detecting that the humidity inside the HUD has dropped to the normal range, that is, less than the first threshold, the controller 62 controls the defog assembly 61 to stop working and is in standby mode.

[0068] When the humidity information exceeds 65%RH, regardless of the temperature difference conditions, the secondary defog mode is forced to start, the polyimide heating film 80 and the heating wire 70 can operate at a maximum power of 40W and 35W respectively, and the fan speed is increased to 2500rpm until the humidity drops below 50%RH.

[0069] The division of the defogging modes precisely matches the fogging risk level with the energy input. The standby mode minimizes energy consumption within the safety threshold, the prevention mode suppresses potential risks through gentle intervention, and the primary and secondary defogging modes concentrate on releasing defogging capabilities for formed or high-risk fogging scenarios. The primary defogging mode adopts a collaborative strategy of heat conduction and convective dehumidification for the composite risk environment of "high humidity + significant temperature difference". The heating element quickly raises the surface temperature of the lens above the dew point, and the simultaneously started air circulation accelerates the discharge of moisture. The secondary defogging mode enhances the defogging effect to more quickly solve the influence of fog, which can improve the driving safety of users.

[0070] In some examples, the controller 62 can use the navigation information and weather information to predict the humidity information and the internal and external temperature difference of the target area in front of the vehicle on the vehicle driving route, so as to adjust the operation mode of the defogging component 61 in advance.

[0071] Specifically, the controller 62 can access the path planning information of the in-vehicle navigation system and the cloud meteorological data platform, and use the spatio-temporal matching algorithm to analyze the mapping relationship between the driving trajectory and the environmental parameters. By establishing a regional microclimate prediction model, the controller 62 can prospectively evaluate the change trend of the thermodynamic state of the area that the vehicle is about to enter, predict the potential fogging risk level, and control the operation mode of the defogging component 61.

[0072] For example, the controller 62 can obtain the altitude change data of the driving path in the next 15 minutes and the regional humidity forecast released by the meteorological station in real time. When it is predicted that the vehicle will enter an area with a relative humidity greater than or equal to 50% in 5 minutes, the prevention mode is started 1 minute in advance; if it is simultaneously predicted that the sudden drop in temperature in this area will cause the temperature difference inside and outside the cavity to be greater than or equal to 10°C, it will be directly upgraded to the primary defogging mode. This prediction algorithm adopts a sliding window mechanism to update the predicted values of environmental parameters every 10 seconds.

[0073] Through the spatio-temporal continuity analysis of environmental parameters, breaking through the response delay bottleneck of traditional instantaneous detection, the pre-adaptation mechanism ensures the smooth transition of defogging mode switching and avoids changes in display clarity due to sudden changes in operating conditions of the optical system. By establishing the association between the driving trajectory and the environmental threat level, the system significantly enhances the all-weather adaptability under complex road conditions.

[0074] The head-up display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure automatically adjusts the defogging mode by detecting environmental changes to ensure that the driver can always clearly see the key information. The system uses a humidity sensor 1220 and differential temperature detection to determine the risk of fogging in real time. A heating wire is used on the primary lens 50 to quickly process edge condensation, and a heating film is used on the secondary lens 51 to dissipate heat evenly. Coupled with a fan to accelerate drying, it not only avoids screen deformation but also shortens the defogging time. The controller 62 can also act in advance by combining navigation and weather forecasts. For example, when it is detected that the vehicle is about to enter a tunnel or a rainstorm area, the lens is preheated to prevent sudden fogging. The layout of the heating components can be adjusted for different vehicle models, and additional heating tapes can be installed in cold regions to meet various usage requirements.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments have their own emphases. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as falling within the scope described in this specification.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not claimed in the present disclosure.

[0077] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A head-up display device, characterized in that: include: a defog assembly configured to perform a defog operation on an optical lens group in the head-up display device; The controller is used to adjust the defog mode of the defog assembly according to environmental parameters.

2. The head-up display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental parameters include humidity information and temperature information; The controller adjusts the power of the defogger assembly according to the humidity information and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the defogger assembly cavity, so as to adjust the defogger mode of the defogger assembly.

3. The head-up display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power of the demisting component is positively correlated with the humidity information; When the humidity information is the same, the power of the defogger assembly is positively correlated with the internal and external temperature difference.

4. The head-up display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The demisting modes include a standby mode, a prevention mode, a primary demisting mode, and a secondary demisting mode in which the power of the demisting component increases in sequence; When the humidity information is less than a first threshold, the controller controls the demisting component to be in a standby mode; When the humidity information is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the defogger assembly is less than the temperature threshold, the controller controls the defogger assembly to be in a prevention mode; When the humidity information is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, and the temperature difference between the inside and outside is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the controller controls the defogger assembly to be in the first-level defogger mode; When the humidity information is greater than a second threshold, the controller controls the defogger assembly to be in a secondary defogger mode.

5. The head-up display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is also used to predict the humidity information and the internal and external temperature difference of a target area located in front of the vehicle in the vehicle's driving route based on navigation information and weather information, so as to adjust the operating mode of the defogger component in advance.

6. The head-up display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The demisting assembly comprises: The heating component is used to heat the optical lens group to eliminate fog on the optical lens group.

7. The head-up display device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The optical lens group includes a plurality of optical lenses, and the heating component includes: At least one heating element is disposed on the back side of the optical lens and is used to heat the optical lens to eliminate fog on the optical lens.

8. The head-up display device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating element includes a linear heating element and a planar heating element; the optical lens includes: a reflective primary lens and a magnifying lens; A linear heating element is embedded in the back of the reflective primary mirror to control the regional temperature of the reflective primary mirror; A planar heating element is embedded in the back of the magnifying lens to maintain the global thermal balance of the magnifying lens.

9. The head-up display device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating component is used to heat the cavity where the head-up display device is located to eliminate fog on the optical lens group.

10. The head-up display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The demisting assembly comprises: A blowing assembly, used to generate wind force acting on the surface of the optical lens to eliminate fog on the optical lens; Wherein, the operation modes of the blowing component include natural wind mode and gradient heating mode; The controller controls the blowing component to switch between a natural wind mode and a gradient heating mode according to the environmental parameters.

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