Hydraulic impact crusher and adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic crushers, in particular to a hydraulic impact crusher and an adjusting method thereof.The hydraulic impact crusher comprises a machine shell, a feeding port is formed in the upper right rear portion of the machine shell, a discharging port is formed under the machine shell, and an impact cavity plate is installed on the machine shell; the end, close to the feeding port, of the impact cavity plate is rotationally connected to the machine shell, a hydraulic rod for controlling the impact cavity plate to rotate is installed on the machine shell, contrast plates are fixedly installed on the impact cavity plate in rows, a driving main shaft is rotationally connected to the position, close to the lower portion, of the middle of the machine shell, and nesting plates are fixedly installed on the driving main shaft in rows. A crushing plate is fixedly mounted on all the nesting plates, and a dust suppression device is mounted at the lower end of the machine shell corresponding to the discharge port, so that the impact crusher can solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by no dust suppression capability of an impact crusher in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic crushers, and particularly to a hydraulic impact crusher and its adjustment method. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of a hydraulic impact crusher is mainly to drive the plate hammers to impact the materials by a high-speed rotating rotor. After the materials are initially impacted by the plate hammers, they will fly towards the impact plate, bounce back in the collision with the impact plate, and be impacted by the plate hammers again. This process is repeated until the particle size of the materials meets the specified requirements and is discharged from the discharge port. There is no need for a sieve plate throughout the process, and the size of the particle size can be controlled by adjusting the rotor speed and the gap between the impact plate.

[0003] The hydraulic impact crusher has many characteristics such as high crushing efficiency, large crushing ratio, and good crushed particle shape compared with the jaw crusher.

[0004] However, during the process of crushing stones or other non-metallic solid substances, a large amount of dust will be generated. Especially when processing some ores with a large amount of dirt or materials with low cohesion that are easily turned into powders when subjected to impact, a large amount of dust will be generated.

[0005] Traditional dust suppression methods usually use water mist generators or install nozzles on the conveyor belt to suppress dust. However, the above methods have relatively weak pertinence and are particularly prone to waste of water resources.

[0006] In summary, the existing hydraulic impact crusher does not have the ability to suppress dust by itself and requires external equipment for auxiliary dust suppression, occupying a large space and wasting a lot of water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a hydraulic impact crusher, which can solve the problem that the existing impact crusher does not have the ability to suppress dust, resulting in environmental pollution and waste of resources.

[0008] The present invention provides a hydraulic impact crusher,

[0009] including:

[0010] A housing, an inlet is provided at the upper right rear of the housing, and an outlet is provided directly below the housing;

[0011] Impact chamber plates, the upper part of the housing includes an inclined cover plate and a vertical cover plate, and an impact chamber plate is provided on each of the inclined cover plate and the vertical cover plate. One end of the impact chamber plate close to the inlet is rotatably connected to the housing, and a hydraulic rod for controlling the rotation of the impact chamber plate is installed on the housing;

[0012] A counter plate, wherein the counter plate is fixedly mounted on the counter cavity plate, and the counter plate is evenly and uniformly mounted in a row on the counter cavity plate;

[0013] A driving spindle, the driving spindle is rotatably connected to the lower middle position of the housing, the driving spindle is fixedly mounted with nesting plates in a row, and all the nesting plates are fixedly mounted with crushing plates;

[0014] A dust suppression device is fixedly installed at the four ends of the housing discharge port, and the dust suppression device can spray water mist.

[0015] In particular, the dust suppression device includes a dust suppression frame, which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the casing, and has a water channel and a nozzle built in the dust suppression frame. A dust inlet chamber is opened at the middle position of the driving main shaft, and a dust hood is fixedly connected to the left end of the driving main shaft. The dust hood is in a retracted shape, and fan blades are fixedly installed on the side walls of the dust hood. The right end of the dust hood is rotatably connected to the dust inlet hood, and the dust inlet hood is fixedly mounted on the left side of the casing. A ventilation groove is opened in the dust suppression frame, and a notch is opened at the lower end of the dust suppression frame, and the notch is communicated with the ventilation groove. The dust suppression frame and the dust inlet hood are connected through a dust inlet pipe.

[0016] In particular, a plurality of layers of filters are installed in the dust inlet chamber, and the apertures of the plurality of layers of filters decrease layer by layer from the center of the driving shaft to the outside. A collecting hood for discharging dust is provided at the left end of the driving shaft, and the collecting hood is rotatably mounted on the right end of the casing.

[0017] In particular, a plurality of material-dispensing mechanisms are processed at one end of the collecting cover facing the interior of the casing. The material-dispensing mechanisms have multiple layers, each layer corresponds to a filter screen, and each layer of the material-dispensing mechanism includes multiple dial rods that are spirally fitted to the filter screen, and the rightmost end of the dial rod is fixedly connected to the collecting cover.

[0018] In particular, a magnetic driving mechanism is arranged between the driving main shaft and the collecting cover, and the magnetic driving mechanism includes a first magnetic block and a second magnetic block. The first magnetic block is fixedly mounted on the driving main shaft and is located at the rotating connection between the driving main shaft and the collecting cover. There are a plurality of the first magnetic blocks evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The second magnetic block is fixedly mounted on the collecting cover and corresponds one-to-one with the first magnetic block. A brake mechanism is arranged on the casing corresponding to the collecting cover.

[0019] In particular, the brake mechanism includes a brake cover, a brake belt and a pushing cylinder. The brake cover is fixedly mounted on the casing, the brake belt is arranged on the inner side of the brake cover and wraps the collection cover, and the pushing cylinder is fixedly mounted at the front and rear ends of the brake cover, and the telescopic ends of the two pushing cylinders are rotatably connected to the two ends of the brake belt.

[0020] Particularly, an air flow meter is fixedly mounted on the dust inlet pipe.

[0021] In particular, the collecting hood is in a multi-layer stepped shape, and dust outlet grooves are evenly opened on the circumferential side of the collecting hood corresponding to the steps. A dust outlet hood fixedly installed on the casing is arranged at each step of the collecting hood, and the dust outlet hood is communicated with the dust outlet grooves, and the return port of the dust outlet hood faces downward.

[0022] Particularly, the dust suppression device further comprises a water spraying port, and a plurality of water spraying ports are fixedly mounted on the return port of the dust suppression frame facing downward.

[0023] The present invention also provides a hydraulic impact crusher adjustment method, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1: Put the material into the casing from the feed port, and drive the main shaft through the belt through the external driving device such as the motor, and the main shaft will drive the crushing plate to rotate. The crushing plate will have a strong impact with the material and knock the material into the reflective plate. The material will bounce back on the reflective plate and continue to collide with the crushing plate;

[0025] S2: The material will be gradually crushed in the continuous collision until it can pass through the gap between the reflective plate and the crushing plate.

[0026] S3: A pressure sensor can be installed in the hydraulic rod, which can measure the feedback torque transmitted by the counter-attack cavity plate in real time. When the material put in is hard, the feedback torque is also large. When the feedback torque is too large, it can be determined that foreign matter has entered the casing, and the counter-attack cavity plate can be driven to rotate through the hydraulic rod to increase the gap between the lining plate and the crushing plate, thereby preventing damage to the crusher;

[0027] S4: After the foreign matter is crushed, when it falls from the discharge port below onto the transport belt, a lot of smoke and dust will be generated. At this time, water mist can be sprayed through the dust suppression device.

[0028] Beneficial Effects

[0029] 1. The present invention can install a pressure sensor in the hydraulic rod, which can measure the feedback torque transmitted by the counter-attack cavity plate in real time. In this way, when the material put in is harder, the feedback torque is also larger. When the feedback torque is too large, it can be determined that foreign matter has entered the casing, and the counter-attack cavity plate can be driven to rotate through the hydraulic rod to increase the gap between the backing plate and the crushing plate, thereby preventing damage to the crusher.

[0030] 2. The present invention sprays water mist through a dust suppression device, thereby forming an enveloping effect on the soot and preventing soot pollution. Since the above solution directly isolates the soot at the source, it avoids waste of water resources and also prevents other equipment from occupying more space.

[0031] 3. The present invention drives the main shaft dust hood to rotate at a high speed. The fan blades in the dust hood will drive the flow of air and generate suction. At the same time, the dust hood is made in a contracted shape, so the diameter of the fan blades can also be made larger. Therefore, the disturbance effect on the air is greater, and the suction generated is stronger. At this time, the gas will flow rapidly in the dust hood, suck in the soot from the position of the notch, and finally input it into the dust inlet cavity and output it from the other end of the main shaft, thus facilitating the collection of soot. This not only better solves the problem of soot, but also the collected soot can be used for other purposes, such as in building construction and traffic road paving, etc.

[0032] 4. The present invention drives a collection hood through a driving device such as a motor to rotate synchronously with the main shaft, and can also control the collection hood to rotate non-synchronously or not rotate with the main shaft. At this time, the toggle rod will form a dislocation movement with the main shaft, and the toggle plate can scrape and clean the filter screen. At the same time, due to its spiral shape, it can play an auxiliary role in discharging materials, thus making the discharging smoother. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is of the present invention Figure 2 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the related structure of the main shaft of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main shaft of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the filter screen and the toggle rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection hood of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the collecting cover and the driving main shaft in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake mechanism in the present invention.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 1. Casing; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 2. Counter-attack chamber plate; 21. Hydraulic rod; 3. Backing plate; 4. Driving spindle; 41. Nesting plate; 42. Crushing plate; 43. Dust inlet chamber; 44. Dust hood; 441. Fan blade; 45. Dust inlet hood; 46. Dust inlet pipe; 47. Filter; 5. Dust suppression device; 51. Dust suppression frame; 511. Ventilation groove; 52. Water spray port; 6. Collection hood; 61. Material shifting mechanism; 611. Toggle rod; 62. Magnetic driving mechanism; 621. First magnetic block; 622. Second magnetic block; 63. Dust hood; 64. Dust trough; 7. Brake mechanism; 71. Brake hood; 72. Brake belt; 73. Push cylinder; 8. Air flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a hydraulic impact crusher.

[0047] include:

[0048] A casing 1, wherein a feed inlet 11 is provided at the upper right rear portion of the casing 1, and a discharge outlet 12 is provided directly below the casing 1;

[0049] Counterattack cavity plate 2, the upper shell of the casing 1 includes an inclined cover plate and a vertical cover plate, each of the inclined cover plate and the vertical cover plate is provided with a counterattack cavity plate 2, one end of the counterattack cavity plate 2 close to the feed port 11 is rotatably connected to the casing 1, and a hydraulic rod 21 for controlling the rotation of the counterattack cavity plate 2 is installed on the casing 1;

[0050] The counter lining plate 3 is fixedly mounted on the counter cavity plate 2, and the counter lining plate 3 is evenly and fixedly mounted on the counter cavity plate 2 in a row;

[0051] A driving spindle 4, which is rotatably connected to the lower middle position of the housing 1, and the driving spindle 4 is fixedly mounted with nesting plates 41 in a row, and all the nesting plates 41 are fixedly mounted with crushing plates 42;

[0052] The dust suppression device 5 is fixedly installed at the four ends of the discharge port 12, and the dust suppression device 5 can spray water mist.

[0053] It should be noted that in the process of processing fixed materials, the materials are put into the casing 1 from the feed port 11, and the driving spindle 4 is driven to rotate through a belt by an external driving device such as a motor, and the driving spindle 4 will drive the rotation of the crushing plate 42. The crushing plate 42 will have a strong impact with the materials and knock the materials away and hit the reflective lining plate 3. The materials will rebound on the reflective lining plate 3 and continue to collide with the crushing plate 42. Since the crushing plate 42 and the reflective lining plate 3 are both made of high-strength metal, the materials will be gradually crushed in the continuous collision until they can pass through the gap between the reflective lining plate 3 and the crushing plate 42. In this process, the distance between the reflective lining plate 3 and the crushing plate 42 can be adjusted by the hydraulic rod 21, and a pressure sensor can be installed in the hydraulic rod 21, which can measure the impact in real time. The feedback torque transmitted by the cavity plate 2, when the material put in is harder, the feedback torque is also larger. When the feedback torque is too large, it can be determined that foreign matter has entered the casing 1, and the hydraulic rod 21 can be used to drive the rotation of the counter-cavity plate 2 to increase the gap between the backing plate 3 and the crushing plate 42, thereby preventing damage to the crusher. The above method can intelligently prevent the crusher from being damaged by the entry of foreign matter. After the foreign matter is crushed, when it falls from the lower discharge port 12 to the transport belt, more smoke and dust will be generated. At this time, water mist can be sprayed through the dust suppression device 5 to form a shrouding effect on the smoke and dust to prevent smoke and dust pollution. Since the above scheme directly isolates the smoke and dust from the source, it avoids the waste of water resources while preventing other equipment from occupying more space.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the dust suppression device 5 includes a dust suppression frame 51, which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the casing 1, and has a water channel and a nozzle built in the dust suppression frame 51. A dust inlet chamber 43 is provided at the middle position of the driving main shaft 4, and a dust hood 44 is fixedly connected to the left end of the driving main shaft 4. The dust hood 44 is in a retracted shape, and fan blades 441 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the dust hood 44. The right end of the dust hood 44 is rotatably connected to a dust inlet hood 45, and the dust inlet hood 45 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the casing 1. A ventilation groove 511 is provided in the dust suppression frame 51, and a notch is provided at the lower end of the dust suppression frame 51, and the notch is communicated with the ventilation groove 511. The dust suppression frame 51 and the dust inlet hood 45 are connected through a dust inlet pipe 46.

[0055] During the high-speed rotation of the driving main shaft 4, it will drive the dust hood 44 to rotate at a high speed. The fan blades 441 in the dust hood 44 will drive the flow of air and generate suction. At the same time, the dust hood 44 is made into a contracted shape, so the diameter of the fan blades 441 can also be made larger, so the disturbance effect on the air is also greater, and the suction generated is also stronger. At this time, the gas will flow rapidly in the dust hood 44, sucking the smoke and dust from the position of the slot, and finally input into the dust inlet chamber 43 and output from the other end of the driving main shaft 4, thereby facilitating the collection of smoke and dust. This not only better solves the problem of smoke and dust, but also allows the collected smoke and dust to be used for other purposes, such as in building construction and traffic road paving, etc. In the present invention, the diameter of the driving main shaft 4 is larger than that of the traditional impact crusher, thereby ensuring sufficient strength of the driving main shaft 4.

[0056] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a multi-layer filter 47 is installed in the dust inlet chamber 43, and the multi-layer filter 47 has an aperture that decreases layer by layer from the center of the driving shaft 4 to the outside. A collecting hood 6 for discharging dust is provided at the left end of the driving shaft 4, and the collecting hood 6 is rotatably mounted on the right end of the casing 1.

[0057] However, when the smoke enters the dust inlet chamber 43, due to the high-speed rotation of the driving shaft 4, the particles in the smoke will also rotate, and then move radially toward the driving shaft 4 under the action of centrifugal force. Since the diameters of the particles that can pass through the multi-layer filter 47 are different, the multi-layer filter 47 can effectively perform the function of graded screening, and finally be discharged from the collection hood 6 with the flow of air.

[0058] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of material shifting mechanisms 61 are processed at one end of the collecting cover 6 facing the interior of the casing 1, and the material shifting mechanisms 61 have multiple layers, each layer corresponds to the filter 47, and each layer of the material shifting mechanism 61 includes multiple shifting rods 611 that are spirally attached to the filter 47, and the rightmost end of the shifting rod 611 is fixedly connected to the collecting cover 6.

[0059] It should be noted that the collection hood 6 can be driven by a driving device such as a motor to rotate synchronously with the driving spindle 4, or the driving hood and the driving spindle 4 can be controlled to rotate asynchronously or not rotate at all. At this time, the toggle rod 611 will form an offset movement with the driving spindle 4, and the toggle plate can scrape and clean the filter screen 47. At the same time, due to its spiral shape, it can play a role in assisting the discharge of materials, thereby making the discharge smoother.

[0060] like Figure 9As shown, a magnetic driving mechanism 62 is provided between the driving main shaft 4 and the collection cover 6. The magnetic driving mechanism 62 includes a first magnetic block 621 and a second magnetic block 622. The first magnetic block 621 is fixedly installed on the driving main shaft 4 and is located at the rotational connection of the driving main shaft 4 and the collection cover 6. A plurality of the first magnetic blocks 621 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The second magnetic block 622 is fixedly installed on the collection cover 6 and corresponds to the first magnetic block 621 one by one. A braking mechanism 7 is provided on the machine housing 1 corresponding to the collection cover 6.

[0061] During the rotation of the driving main shaft 4, the opposite ends of the first magnetic block 621 and the second magnetic block 622 are of opposite polarities, so an attractive force will be generated between the two. In this way, when the collection cover 6 and the driving main shaft 4 rotate relative to each other, a resistance will be generated. Therefore, the collection cover 6 can rotate together with the driving main shaft 4. When it is necessary to clean the inside of the filter screen 47 and the driving main shaft 4, the driving main shaft 4 can be stopped by the braking mechanism 7. At this time, the shifting rod 611 will form a dislocation movement with the driving main shaft 4, and the shifting plate can scrape and clean the filter screen 47 and assist in discharging materials.

[0062] As Figure 10 As shown, the braking mechanism 7 includes a braking cover 71, a braking belt 72 and a pushing cylinder 73. The braking cover 71 is fixedly installed on the machine housing 1. The braking belt 72 is arranged inside the braking cover 71 and wraps the collection cover 6. The pushing cylinder 73 is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the braking cover 71, and the telescopic ends of the two pushing cylinders 73 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the braking belt 72.

[0063] It should be noted that when the collection cover 6 is stopped from rotating by the braking mechanism 7, the two pushing cylinders 73 jointly push the braking belt 72 to clamp and tighten the cover, so as to realize the braking function of the collection cover 6.

[0064] A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 6, wherein an air flow detector 8 is fixedly installed on the dust inlet pipe 46.

[0065] It should be noted that the air flow detector 8 will measure the air flow velocity entering the dust inlet cover 45 in real time. If the air flow velocity is significantly less than the normal air inflow state, it can indicate that dust has accumulated and blocked in the filter screen 47 of the driving main shaft 4. At this time, the rotation of the collection cover 6 can be inhibited by the braking mechanism 7, and then the inside of the filter screen 47 and the driving main shaft 4 can be cleaned.

[0066] As Figure 5As shown, the collecting hood 6 is in a multi-layer stepped shape, and dust outlet grooves 64 are evenly opened circumferentially on the side surfaces of the collecting hood 6 corresponding to the steps. A dust outlet hood 63 fixedly mounted on the casing 1 is provided at each step of the collecting hood 6, and the dust outlet hood 63 is communicated with the dust outlet grooves 64, and the return port of the dust outlet hood 63 faces downward.

[0067] It should be noted that the dust will enter the dust cover 63 through the dust outlet slot 64 and will eventually be discharged from the dust cover 63, which is beneficial to the collection of dust.

[0068] The hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 2 is characterized in that the dust suppression device 5 also includes a water spray port 52, and the dust suppression frame 51 has a plurality of water spray ports 52 fixedly installed with the return port facing downward.

[0069] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the water is sprayed out from the water spray port 52, so that the water flow will directly form a water mist wall at the discharge port 12 to prevent the diffusion of smoke and dust. At the same time, since it directly acts on the dust emission source, less water flow can be used to achieve a better dust suppression effect.

[0070] The present invention also provides a hydraulic impact crusher adjustment method, comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1: Put the material into the casing 1 from the feed port 11, and drive the main shaft 4 through a belt through an external driving device such as a motor, and the main shaft 4 will drive the crushing plate 42 to rotate, and the crushing plate 42 will have a strong impact with the material and knock the material into the reflective plate 3, and the material will rebound on the reflective plate 3 and continue to collide with the crushing plate 42;

[0072] S2: The material will be gradually crushed in the continuous collision until it can pass through the gap between the backing plate 3 and the crushing plate 42

[0073] S3: A pressure sensor can be installed in the hydraulic rod 21, which can measure the feedback torque transmitted by the counter-attack cavity plate 2 in real time. When the material put in is hard, the feedback torque is also large. When the feedback torque is too large, it can be determined that a foreign object has entered the casing 1, and the counter-attack cavity plate 2 can be driven to rotate by the hydraulic rod 21 to increase the gap between the backing plate 3 and the crushing plate 42, thereby preventing damage to the crusher;

[0074] S4: After the foreign matter is crushed, when it falls from the discharge port 12 below onto the transport belt, a lot of smoke and dust will be generated. At this time, water mist can be sprayed through the dust suppression device 5.

[0075] The above are only several specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic impact crusher, characterized in that: include: A casing (1), wherein a feed inlet (11) is provided at the upper right rear portion of the casing (1), and a discharge outlet (12) is provided directly below the casing (1); A counter-attack cavity plate (2), the upper shell of the casing (1) comprises an inclined cover plate and a vertical cover plate, each of the inclined cover plate and the vertical cover plate is provided with a counter-attack cavity plate (2), one end of the counter-attack cavity plate (2) close to the feed inlet (11) is rotatably connected to the casing (1), and a hydraulic rod (21) for controlling the rotation of the counter-attack cavity plate (2) is installed on the casing (1); Reflective plates (3), the reflective plates (3) being evenly and fixedly mounted in rows on the counter-attack chamber plates (2); A driving main shaft (4), the driving main shaft (4) is rotatably connected to a lower middle position of the housing (1), the driving main shaft (4) is fixedly mounted with nesting plates (41) in a row, and all the nesting plates (41) are fixedly mounted with a crushing plate (42); A dust suppression device (5) is fixedly installed at the four ends of the discharge port (12) of the casing (1), and the dust suppression device (5) can spray water mist.

2. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust suppression device (5) comprises a dust suppression frame (51), the dust suppression frame (51) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the housing (1), a water channel and a nozzle are built in the dust suppression frame (51), a dust inlet chamber (43) is provided at the middle position of the driving main shaft (4), a dust collecting cover (44) is fixedly connected to the left end of the driving main shaft (4), the dust collecting cover (44) is in a retracted shape, and a fan blade is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the dust collecting cover (44). (441), the right end of the dust collecting hood (44) is rotatably connected to a dust inlet hood (45), and the dust inlet hood (45) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the casing (1), a ventilation groove (511) is provided in the dust suppression frame (51), and a notch is provided at the lower end of the dust suppression frame (51), and the notch is communicated with the ventilation groove (511), and the dust suppression frame (51) and the dust inlet hood (45) are connected via a dust inlet pipe (46).

3. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: A multi-layer filter screen (47) is installed in the dust inlet chamber (43), and the multi-layer filter screen (47) has a hole diameter that decreases layer by layer from the center of the driving main shaft (4) to the outside. A collection cover (6) for discharging dust is provided at the left end of the driving main shaft (4), and the collection cover (6) is rotatably mounted on the right end of the casing (1).

4. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of material shifting mechanisms (61) are processed at one end of the collecting cover (6) facing the inside of the casing (1), the material shifting mechanisms (61) having multiple layers, each layer corresponding to the filter screen (47), each layer of the material shifting mechanisms (61) comprising multiple shifting rods (611) spirally fitted to the filter screen (47), the rightmost end of the shifting rod (611) being fixedly connected to the collecting cover (6).

5. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A magnetic driving mechanism (62) is arranged between the driving main shaft (4) and the collecting cover (6), and the magnetic driving mechanism (62) comprises a first magnetic block (621) and a second magnetic block (622). The first magnetic block (621) is fixedly mounted on the driving main shaft (4) and is located at the rotation connection between the driving main shaft (4) and the collecting cover (6). A plurality of the first magnetic blocks (621) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The second magnetic block (622) is fixedly mounted on the collecting cover (6) and corresponds to the first magnetic block (621) one by one. A brake mechanism (7) is arranged on the casing (1) corresponding to the collecting cover (6).

6. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brake mechanism (7) comprises a brake cover (71), a brake belt (72) and a push cylinder (73); the brake cover (71) is fixedly mounted on the housing (1); the brake belt (72) is arranged on the inner side of the brake cover (71) and wraps the collection cover (6); the push cylinder (73) is fixedly mounted at the front and rear ends of the brake cover (71); and the telescopic ends of the two push cylinders (73) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the brake belt (72).

7. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air flow meter (8) is fixedly mounted on the dust inlet pipe (46).

8. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting hood (6) is in a multi-layered stepped shape, and dust outlet grooves (64) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the side surfaces of the collecting hood (6) corresponding to the steps. A dust outlet hood (63) fixedly mounted on the housing (1) is arranged at each step of the collecting hood (6), and the dust outlet hood (63) is communicated with the dust outlet grooves (64), and the return port of the dust outlet hood (63) faces downward.

9. A hydraulic impact crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust suppression device (5) further comprises a water spray port (52), and the dust suppression frame 51 is fixedly provided with a plurality of water spray ports (52) with the return port facing downward.

10. A method for adjusting a hydraulic impact crusher, characterized in that: The adjustment method is applicable to any one of the hydraulic impact crushers of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: S1: Put the material into the housing (1) from the feed port (11), and drive the main shaft (4) to rotate through a belt driven by an external driving device such as a motor, and the main shaft (4) will drive the crushing plate (42) to rotate, and the crushing plate (42) will produce a strong impact with the material and knock the material into the air and hit the reflective plate (3), and the material will rebound from the reflective plate (3) and continue to collide with the crushing plate (42); S2: The material will be gradually crushed in the continuous collision until it can pass through the gap between the reflective plate (3) and the crushing plate (42). S3: A pressure sensor can be installed in the hydraulic rod (21), which can measure the feedback torque transmitted by the counter-attack cavity plate (2) in real time. When the material put in is hard, the feedback torque is also large. When the feedback torque is too large, it can be determined that foreign matter has entered the casing (1), and the counter-attack cavity plate (2) can be driven to rotate through the hydraulic rod (21), so that the gap between the backing plate (3) and the crushing plate (42) is increased, thereby preventing damage to the crusher; S4: After the foreign matter is crushed, when it falls from the discharge port (12) below onto the conveying belt, a lot of smoke and dust will be generated. At this time, water mist can be sprayed through the dust suppression device (5).

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